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Fornacite

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06333030014947141444474.jpg
Fornacite

Mammoth-Saint Anthony Mine, St. Anthony deposit, Tiger, Mammoth Mining District, Pinal Co., Arizona, USA
05261820015902640712430.jpg
Fornacite

Renéville Mine, Renéville, Kindanba District, Pool Department, Republic of the Congo
07260540014947141509629.jpg
Fornacite, etc.

Mammoth-Saint Anthony Mine, St. Anthony deposit, Tiger, Mammoth Mining District, Pinal Co., Arizona, USA
04189850014947024831361.jpg
Fornacite

Mammoth-Saint Anthony Mine, St. Anthony deposit, Tiger, Mammoth Mining District, Pinal Co., Arizona, USA
01443590015673685481642.jpg
Fornacite

Renéville Mine, Renéville, Kindanba District, Pool Department, Republic of the Congo
07260540014947141509629.jpg
Fornacite, etc.

Mammoth-Saint Anthony Mine, St. Anthony deposit, Tiger, Mammoth Mining District, Pinal Co., Arizona, USA
06333030014947141444474.jpg
Fornacite

Mammoth-Saint Anthony Mine, St. Anthony deposit, Tiger, Mammoth Mining District, Pinal Co., Arizona, USA
05261820015902640712430.jpg
Fornacite

Renéville Mine, Renéville, Kindanba District, Pool Department, Republic of the Congo
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About FornaciteHide

07343650014947141472395.jpg
Lucien Louis Fourneau
Formula:
Pb2Cu(CrO4)(AsO4)(OH)
Colour:
Deep olive-green; golden yellow in transmitted light (small grains).
Lustre:
Resinous, Waxy, Greasy
Hardness:
2 - 3
Specific Gravity:
6.27
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in 1916 by Antoine François Alfred Lacroix from the Latin fornax "the furnace" in honor of geographer and French colonial governor of Middle Congo (1911-16), Lucien Louis Fourneau [February 16, 1867, Saint-Cyr-l'Ecole, Yvelines, France - August 3, 1930, Perros-Guirec, Côtes-du-Nord [now Côtes-d'Armor], France], whose name also translates to "the furnace".
Fourneau was lieutenant governor of Oubangui-Chari (1909-10) and commissioner of French Cameroons (1916-19).
Isostructural with:
Molybdofornacite, Vauquelinite
Fornacite-Vauquelinite Series. The arsenate analogue of vauquelinite.

Related to the Brackebuschite Supergroup.


Classification of FornaciteHide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1915
Strunz 8th ed.:
6/F.02-20
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:
7.FC.10

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
F : Chromates
C : With PO4, AsO4, SiO4
Dana 8th ed.:
43.4.3.2

43 : COMPOUND PHOSPHATES, ETC.
4 : Anhydrous Compound Phosphates, etc·, Containing Hydroxyl or Halogen
Hey's CIM Ref.:
22.5.4

22 : Phosphates, Arsenates or Vanadates with other Anions
5 : Phosphates, arsenates or vanadates with chromate, molybdate, niobate or tantalate

Physical Properties of FornaciteHide

Lustre:
Resinous, Waxy, Greasy
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Deep olive-green; golden yellow in transmitted light (small grains).
Streak:
Olive green
Hardness:
2 - 3 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Conchoidal, Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
6.27 g/cm3 (Measured)    6.30 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of FornaciteHide

Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 2.142 nγ = 2.242
Birefringence:
0.100
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.100
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
Strong
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Comments:
2V rather large.

Chemical Properties of FornaciteHide

Formula:
Pb2Cu(CrO4)(AsO4)(OH)
IMA Formula:
CuPb2(CrO4)(AsO4)(OH)
Elements listed:
As, Cr, Cu, H, O, Pb - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of FornaciteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Setting:
P1 21/c 1
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.101(2) Å, b = 5.893(11) Å, c = 17.547(9) Å
β = 110.00(4)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.375 : 1 : 2.978
Unit Cell V:
787.16 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Short bladed crystals in divergent groupings.
Comment:
Other cell given: 7.91, 5.91, 17.46 A, xxx°.

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0010641FornaciteCocco G, Fanfani L, Zanazzi P F (1967) The crystal structure of fornacite Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 124 385-3971967Reneville, Congo0293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
8.22 Å(50)
4.80 Å(90)
3.31 Å(100)
2.98 Å(100)
2.88 Å(100)
2.80 Å(100)
2.71 Å(90)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Geological Setting:
Oxidized zones of polymetallic deposits

Type Occurrence of FornaciteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Renéville Mine (Djoué Mines), Renéville, Kindanba District, Pool Department, Republic of the Congo
General Appearance of Type Material:
Confused groups of small, prismatic crystals.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Dioptase
Reference:
Lacroix, A. (1915) Note préliminaire sur une novelle espèce minérale (furnacite), provenant du Moyen Congo (Afrique equatoriale française). Bulletin de la Société Française de Minéralogie: 38: 198-200.
Download:
https://rruff.info/rruff_1.0/uploads/BSFM38_198.pdf

Synonyms of FornaciteHide

Other Language Names for FornaciteHide

Relationship of Fornacite to other SpeciesHide

Common AssociatesHide

ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
DioptaseCuSiO3 · H2O
FluoriteCaF2
HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
MimetitePb5(AsO4)3Cl
WulfenitePb(MoO4)
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
31 photos of Fornacite associated with WulfenitePb(MoO4)
23 photos of Fornacite associated with MimetitePb5(AsO4)3Cl
20 photos of Fornacite associated with ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
16 photos of Fornacite associated with QuartzSiO2
13 photos of Fornacite associated with DioptaseCuSiO3 · H2O
8 photos of Fornacite associated with FluoriteCaF2
7 photos of Fornacite associated with CreaseyitePb2Cu2Fe3+2(Si4.67Al0.33)O15.33(OH)3 · H2O
6 photos of Fornacite associated with CerussitePbCO3
5 photos of Fornacite associated with Rosasite(Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2
4 photos of Fornacite associated with CalciteCaCO3

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz GroupingHide

7.FC.05VauquelinitePb2Cu(CrO4)(PO4)(OH)Mon. 2/m
7.FC.10MolybdofornacitePb2Cu(MoO4,CrO4)(AsO4,PO4)(OH)Mon.
7.FC.15HemihedritePb10Zn(CrO4)6(SiO4)2(OH)2Tric.
7.FC.15IranitePb10Cu(CrO4)6(SiO4)2(OH)2Tric.
7.FC.20CassedanneitePb5(CrO4)2(VO4)2 · H2OMon.
7.FC.20EmbreyitePb5(CrO4)2(PO4)2 · H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m

Related Minerals - Dana Grouping (8th Ed.)Hide

43.4.3.1VauquelinitePb2Cu(CrO4)(PO4)(OH)Mon. 2/m
43.4.3.3MolybdofornacitePb2Cu(MoO4,CrO4)(AsO4,PO4)(OH)Mon.
43.4.3.4UM1994-19-PO:CuHMoPbPb2Cu(PO4)(MoO4,AsO4,CrO4,GaO4)(OH)

Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals GroupingHide

22.5.1VauquelinitePb2Cu(CrO4)(PO4)(OH)Mon. 2/m
22.5.2EmbreyitePb5(CrO4)2(PO4)2 · H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
22.5.3CassedanneitePb5(CrO4)2(VO4)2 · H2OMon.
22.5.5MolybdofornacitePb2Cu(MoO4,CrO4)(AsO4,PO4)(OH)Mon.
22.5.6Mendozavilite-NaFe[Na2(H2O)15Fe3+(H2O)6][Mo8P2Fe3+3O35(OH)2]Mon. 2/m : B2/m
22.5.7Paramendozavilite[KAl4(H2O)30][Mo12P6Fe3+6O60(OH)13]Mon.
22.5.8Betpakdalite-CaCa[Ca2(H2O)17Ca(H2O)6][Mo6+8As5+2Fe3+3O36(OH)]Mon. 2/m : B2/m
22.5.9Betpakdalite-NaCa[Na2(H2O)17Ca(H2O)6][Mo6+8As5+2Fe3+3O34(OH)3]Mon. 2/m : B2/m
22.5.10Obradovicite-KCu[K2(H2O)17Cu(H2O)6][Mo8As2Fe3+3O34(OH)3]Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna
22.5.11Melkovite[Ca2(H2O)15Ca(H2O)6][Mo8P2Fe3+3O36(OH)]Mon. 2/m : B2/m
22.5.12RankachiteCa0.5(V4+,V5+)(W6+,Fe3+)2O8(OH) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
22.5.13OlmsteaditeKFe2+2(Nb5+,Ta5+)(PO4)2O2 · 2H2OOrth.
22.5.14JohnwalkiteK(Mn2+,Fe2+,Fe3+)2(Nb5+,Ta5+)(PO4)2O2 · 2(H2O,OH)Orth.

Fluorescence of FornaciteHide

In UV light:
Not Fluorescent in UV.

Other InformationHide

Notes:
Totally soluble in HCl.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for FornaciteHide

Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Lacroix, A. (1915) Note préliminaire sur une novelle espèce minérale (furnacite), provenant du Moyen Congo (Afrique equatoriale française). Bulletin de la Société Française de Minéralogie: 38: 198-200.
Lacroix, A. (1916) Erratum concernant une nouvelle espèce minérale du Congo. Bulletin de la Société Française de Minéralogie: 39: 84-84.
Palache, C., Berman, H., Frondel, C. (1951) The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 652.
Bariand, P. and Herpin, P. (1962) Nouvelles données sur la fornacite (chromo-arseniate de plomb et de cuivre). Bull. Soc. Franc. Minéral., 85, 309-311. (in French).
Fleischer, M. (1964) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 49: 439-448.
Cocco, G., Fanfani, L., Zanazzi, P.F. (1967) The crystal structure of fornacite. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 124: 385-397.
Fanfani, L., Zanazzi, P.F. (1967) Structural similarities of some secondary lead minerals. Mineralogical Magazine: 36: 522-529.
Cesbron, F., Williams, S.A. (1980) Iranite-hémihédrite, bellite, phoenicochroite, vauquelinite et fornacite: synthèse et nouvelles données. Bulletin de Minéralogie: 103: 469-477.
Frost, R.L. (2004) Raman microscopy of selected chromate minerals. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy: 35: 153-158.
Ksenofontov, D.A., Kabalov, Y.K., Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V. (2014) Refinement of the crystal structure of fornacite using the Rietveld method. Doklady Earth Sciences: 456: 520-523.

Internet Links for FornaciteHide

Localities for FornaciteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (eg from pseudomorphs.)

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia
 
  • New South Wales
    • Yancowinna Co.
      • Broken Hill district
        • Broken Hill
          • Broken Hill South Mine (BHS Mine; South Mine)
Australian Min. 3:1 (1997)
  • Western Australia
    • Leonora Shire
      • Ten Mile Outcamp
Nickel, E.H. (1982) Secondary minerals from the oxidized zone of the Teutonic Bore sulphide deposit. The Australian Mineralogist, No. 40, December 1982, pg. 219-223.
    • Roebourne Shire
      • Whim Creek
Frost, R. L. (2004). Raman microscopy of selected chromate minerals. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 35(2), 153-158.; Nickel, E. H., & Hitchen, G. J. (1994). The phosphate analog of molybdofornacite from Whim Creek, Western Australia. Mineralogical Record, 25(3), 203.
Chile
 
  • Antofagasta
    • Tocopilla Province
      • Tocopilla
samples analysed by Gerhard Mohn and Joy Desor
  • Atacama
    • Copiapó Province
      • Cachiyuyo de Llampos mining district
Maurizio Dini & Robert Jenkins collections; material analysed by Mr. Jenkins
France
 
  • Grand Est
    • Haut-Rhin
      • Colmar-Ribeauvillé
        • Ste Marie-aux-Mines
T. Brunsperger collection
Germany
 
  • Hesse
    • Darmstadt
      • Bergstraße
        • Lautertal (Odenwald)
          • Reichenbach
            • Hohenstein
Lapis, 12 (10), 23-32+58.
      • Main-Kinzig-Kreis
        • Freigericht
          • Altenmittlau
  • Saxony
    • Zwickau district
      • Callenberg
Lapis, 16 (9), 13-26.
Greece
 
  • Attica
    • East Attica
      • Lavreotiki
        • Lavrion Mining District
          • Agios Konstantinos (Kamariza)
            • Kamariza Mines (Kamareza Mines)
              • Hilarion Mine
Fritz Schrieber
          • Legrena Valley
            • Soureza Mines
Branko Rieck, Uwe Kolitsch and other collections
          • Lophos
            • Agrileza mines
Branko Rieck collection
Schnorrer, G. & Breitenbach, H. (1996): Lavrion: Neufunde aus dem antiken Bergbau und in historischen Schlacken. Lapis, 21 (1), 45-48; 62.; Lapis, 24, 7/8, (1999)
          • Sounion
            • Cato Sounio mines
Branko Rieck collection
Wendel, W. & Markl, G. (1996): Eine Antimonit-Paragenese und weitere Neufunde aus Lavrion. Lapis, 21 (11), 40-42; 62.; Branko Rieck Collection
Hanke, H. (1998): Laurion - ein Rückblick auf die Funde der letzten drei Jahre. Mineralien-Welt, 9 (2), 37-45.
Lapis, 24, 7/8 (1999)
Hungary
 
  • Fejér County
    • Székesfehérvár District
      • Szabadbattyán
Szakáll: Minerals of Szár Hill, 2004; Szakáll, Á., Fölvári, M., Papp, G., Kovács-Pálffy, P., Kovács, A. (1996) Secondary sulphate minerals from Hungary. ACTA Mineralogica-Petrographica, Tomus XXXVIII, Supplementum, Szeged, Hungary, 7-63.
Iran
 
  • Isfahan Province
    • Nain County
      • Anarak District
Bariand, P. 1963. Contribution à la minéralogie de l’lran. Bulletin de la Société Française de minéralogie et de cristallographie, 86: 17-64. [Locality description in brief and mineralogical list with photographs] Bariand, P. 2003. Un apercu général sur la Minéralogie de I'Iran. Le Règne Minéral, 54: 41-51.
P. Bariand and P. Herpin, Bull. Soc. Franç. Minér. Crist. , 1963, LXXXVI, pp. 133-135.
  • South Khorasan Province
    • Tabas County
      • Deyhuk District
        • Nayband (Neyband)
Bariand, P. & Poullen, J.F. (1980): Rare Chromates from Seh-Changi, Iran. Mineralogical Record 11, 293-297
Italy
 
  • Piedmont
    • Metropolitan City of Turin
      • Traversella
SEM/EDS 18/09/2001 MNHN-Paris
  • Tuscany
    • Livorno Province
      • Campiglia Marittima
Dini, A., and Senesi, F. (2013) I giacimenti di Sn-W-As. Monte Valerio, Pozzatello, Santa Caterina, Botro ai Marmi e Campo alle Buche. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 37, 1 (1-2013), 84-92.
Mexico
 
  • Sonora
    • Moctezuma Municipality
      • Moctezuma
Braith, H., Gröbner, J., Langer, G., and Seitz, M. (2001) Moctezumas geheime Schätze: Bambolla, Bambollita und San Miguel. Lapis: 26(1): 11-23.; Rewitzer, C. (2001) Bambollita, Bambolla, San Miguel und Candelaria: Untertagefunde und Typmineralien. Lapis: 26(1): 24-40.
Morocco
 
  • Drâa-Tafilalet Region
    • Zagora Province
      • Agdz Cercle
        • Oumlil
Favreau, G. and Dietrich, J. E. (2006). Die Mineralien von Bou Azzer. Lapis 31(7/8), 27-68
Namibia
 
  • Erongo Region
    • Arandis Constituency
      • Namib-Naukluft National Park
Bezing, L. von, Bode, R. & Jahn, S. (2008): Namibia Minerals and Localities. Edition Schloss Freudenstein, Bode Verlag GmbH, Haltern, 338 pp. (in English)
  • Oshikoto Region
    • Tsumeb
Min. Record (in press)
Republic of the Congo
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 652.
  • Pool Department
    • Kindanba District
      • Renéville
Lacroix, A. (1915) Note préliminaire sur une novelle espèce minérale (furnacite), provenant du Moyen Congo (Afrique equatoriale française). Bulletin de la Société Française de Minéralogie: 38: 198-200.; Lacroix, A. (1916) Erratum concernant une nouvelle espèce minérale du Congo. Bulletin de la Société Française de Minéralogie: 39: 84-84.
EDXS analyses by P. Roth, October 2019
Russia
 
  • Sverdlovsk Oblast
    • Beryozovsky
Клейменов Д.А., Ерохин Ю. В., Прибавкин С.В. Форнасит из зоны окисления Березовского золоторудного месторождения. // Уральская летняя минералогическая школа-97, 1997, с.96-98.; Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data (2011)
        • Uspenskaya Hill
Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data (2012)
    • Yekaterinburg
      • Verkhniya Pyshma District
Dmitry A. Khanin, PhD
South Africa
 
  • Mpumalanga
    • Nkangala District
      • Delmas
Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, PO Box 44283, Linden 2104, South Africa.
  • North West
    • Bojanala Platinum District Municipality
      • Rustenburg
        • Olifantspoort Farm
Reeks, G. (2007) Olifantspoort Mine, Olifantspoort, Northern Province. South African Micromount Society newsletter: 33(3)
Switzerland
 
  • Valais
    • Sierre
      • Anniviers
        • Saint-Luc
Ansermet, S., Cuchet, S., Roth, P., Meisser, N. (2021) Topographie minéralogique de la Suisse et des régions limitrophes, 3ème partie − Vals d’Anniviers et de Tourtemagne (VS). Le Cristallier Suisse 55(1), 2-15 (in French and German).
UK
 
  • England
    • Somerset
      • Mendip
        • Cranmore
Turner, R.W. and Rumsey, M.S. (2010): Mineral Relationships in the Mendip Hills. Journal of the Russell Society, vol 13, pp 3-46; Turner, R. (2006): A mechanism for the formation of the mineralized Mn deposits at Merehead Quarry, Cranmore, Somerset, England. Mineralogical Magazine 70, 629-653; Turner R.W. and Rumsey, M.S. (2007) Merehead Mineralogy - an Update. Russell Soc Newsletter, No 50, pp 17-18 (March 2007); UK Journal of Mines and Minerals (2006), no. 27, pp 6-7.
USA
 
  • Arizona
    • Cochise County
      • Bisbee
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995) Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 225.; Graeme, R. (1981) Famous mineral localities: Bisbee, Arizona. The Mineralogical Record: 12: 258-319.
Rob Bowell, lab tested
      • Johnny Lyon Hills
        • Tres Alamos Wash
Robert Jenkins Raman Spectroscopy
      • Little Dragoon Mountains
        • Cochise Mining District
          • Dragoon
Rolf Luetcke
    • Gila Co.
      • Banner Mining District
        • Hayden area
          • Chilito
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 225.
      • Mazatzal Mountains
        • Payson Mining District (Green Valley Mining District)
          • Oxbow Estates
            • Lousy Gulch
Williams, S. A. (1981): Duhamelite, Cu4Pb2Bi(VO4)4(OH)3.8H2O, a new Arizona mineral. Mineralogical Magazine 44, 151-152.
    • La Paz County
      • Granite Wash Mountains
        • Ellsworth Mining District
Mineral collected by Jerry A. Baird
      • New Water Mountains
Hunt, W. (1983) Calciovolborthite from the New Water Mountains Yuma County, Arizona. Mineralogical Record 14:119
          • Moore Mine group
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 225.
      • Silver Mining District
XRD analysis by Dr. Anthony Kampf.
    • Maricopa Co.
      • Osborn Mining District
        • Hummingbird Spring
Rolf Luetcke
        • Tonopah
          • Belmont Mountain
            • Tiger Wash
Bob Meyer (2012) Micro Mineral Collector. Friends of Mineralogy National Newsletter 42:10-13; Mineral News (2002) 18-1 pp1,5-7
      • Painted Rock Mountains
        • Painted Rock Mining District
          • Theba
EDS analysis Association Jean WYART, Paris - specimen Georges FAVREAU
Yang, H., Downs, R.T., Evans, S.H., Jenkins, R.A., Bloch, E.M. (2013): Rongibbsite, Pb2(Si4Al)O11(OH), a new zeolitic aluminosilicate mineral with an interrupted framework from Maricopa County, Arizona, U.S.A. American Mineralogist, 98, 236-241
    • Pima Co.
      • Ajo Mining District
        • Little Ajo Mountains
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 225.
      • Empire Mountains
        • Empire Mining District
          • Hilton (Lead Mountain)
            • Copper Camp
              • Hilton Mines (Hilton Mine group; Hiltano group; Hiltano & State of Maine group)
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 225.
      • Tucson Mountains
        • Amole Mining District
          • Jaynes
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 225.
          • Saguaro National Monument
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 225; Bideaux, R.A., et al (1960), Some new occurrences of minerals of AZ, AZ Geol. Soc. Digest: 3: 53-56; Jones, D. (1983), The Old Yuma mine, Min.Rec.: 14: 95-107.
    • Pinal Co.
      • Casa Grande Mining District
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 225, 370.
      • Mammoth Mining District
        • Mammoth
          • Tucson Wash
Rolf Luetcke
        • Tiger
          • St. Anthony deposit
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 225; Bideaux, R.A., et al (1960), Some new occurrences of minerals of Arizona, AZ Geol. Soc. Digest: 3: 53-56; Bideaux, R.A. (1980), Tiger, AZ, Min.Rec.: 11: 155-181;
      • Silver Reef Mining District
        • Tat Momoli Mountains
          • Chuichu area
            • Silver Reef Mountains area
              • White Horse Pass area
Collected by and in the collection of Brent Thorne
      • Vekol Mountains
        • Vekol Mining District
          • Kohatk
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 225.
R. D. Green
          • Sif Vaya area
Rolf Luetcke
    • Yavapai Co.
      • Black Rock Mining District
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 225.
      • Bradshaw Mts (Bradshaw Range)
        • Castle Creek Mining District
          • Copperopolis
Handbook of Mineralogy
  • California
    • Inyo Co.
      • Inyo Mts (Inyo Range)
        • Malpais Mesa
Steve Stuart.; Paul M. Adams (2017) The Santa Rosa mine, Inyo County, California. Minerlogical Record 48:755-777
        • Russ Mining District
          • Reward
Raman ID 12-13-2007 on material personally collected by Tom Trebisky.; Adams, Paul (2010) The Brown Monster and Reward Mines Inyo County, California. Mineralogical Record 41:175-193.; Adams, Paul (2010) The Brown Monster and Reward Mines Inyo County, California. Mineralogical Record 41:175-193.
      • Panamint Mts (Panamint Range)
        • Cottonwood Mountains
          • Ubehebe Mining District
            • Big Dodd Spring
[MinRec 32:393]
    • San Bernardino Co.
      • Silver Lake Mining District
        • Soda Mountains
          • Baker
Kampf, A. R., Mills, S. J., & Housley, R. M. (2010). The crystal structure of munakataite, Pb2Cu2 (Se4+ O3)(SO4)(OH) 4, from Otto Mountain, San Bernardino County, California, USA. Mineralogical Magazine, 74(6), 991-998.
Joe Marty specimens
Collected by and in the collection of Brent Thorne.
Housley R., pers.comm., May 2017
Collected by and in the collection of Brent Thorne.
          • Zzyzx (Fort Soda; Soda; Soda Springs; Zzyzx Mineral Spring Resort)
The Blue Bell Claims San Bernardino County, California, Maynard, M., et al., pg. 44
Collected by and in the collection of Brent Thorne.
Collected by and in the collection of Alex Earl
  • Idaho
    • Clark Co.
      • Skull Canyon Mining District
        • Kaufman
Ream, Lanny R. 2004. Idaho Minerals, 2nd edition, Revised and Updated
    • Lemhi Co.
      • Lemhi Range Roadless Area Review & Evaluation Area (RARE II)
        • Gilmore Mining District (Texas Mining District)
Collected by and in the collection of Brent Thorne.
  • Montana
    • Beaverhead Co.
      • Argenta Mining District
        • Argenta
          • Stapleton Gulch
http://www.mineralnews.com/MinNews/MN18-2.html
  • Nevada
    • Clark Co.
      • Alunite Mining District
Richard W. Thomssen; Robert M. Housley (2005) Recent rare mineral finds in southern California and Nevada desert mines. Abstracts from the 2005 Desert Symposium. California State University, Desert Studies Consortium and LSA Associates, Inc.
      • Eldorado Mountains
        • Eldorado Mining District (Colorado Mining District)
NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
Rolf Luetcke
Collected by Joe Marty.
      • Spring Mountains
        • Goodsprings Mining District
NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
Haynes, P. E. (2007):"Minerals of the Fredrickson Mine, Goodsprings District, Clark County, Nevada". New Mexico Geology 29(4),138.
          • Goodsprings
NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
Collected by and in the collection of Brent Thorne.
John Hagstrom collection, 2015
NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada; Rocks & Minerals 83:1 pp 65-69
Self collected by Brent Thorne
    • Elko Co.
      • Spruce Mountain Mining District
NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • Esmeralda Co.
NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada; Robert E.Walstrom Collection
    • Humboldt Co.
      • Iron Point Mining District
        • Valmy
Dr. William S. Wise presentation to Northwest Micro Mineral Study Group on 1 May 2004, Update on Mineralogy of the Silver Coin Mine, Iron Point District, Edna Mountains, Humboldt Co., Nevada
    • Nye Co.
      • Toquima Range
        • Belmont Mining District
          • Belmont
NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
  • New Mexico
    • Hidalgo Co.
      • Peloncillo Mountains
        • San Simon District
          • Granite Gap
R&M 77:5 p298-305; Robert E. Walstrom Collection
Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996
      • Cookes Peak Mining District
        • Old Hadley Mining District
Walstrom 2006 New Mexico Mineral Symposium abstracts
      • Tres Hermanas Mountains
Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
          • Mahoney Mines area
Robert E. Walstrom Collection
Robert E. Walstrom Collection
    • Socorro Co.
      • North Magdalena District
Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
        • Silver Hill area
Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • Socorro Peak District
        • Socorro
Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996
  • Utah
    • Juab Co.
      • Mammoth
Ron Layton
Uzbekistan
 
  • Tashkent
    • Piskent District
Pavel M. Kartashov data
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