Galaxite
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About Galaxite
Formula:
Mn2+Al2O4
Colour:
Red, brown
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
7½
Specific Gravity:
4.03 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Isometric
Member of:
Name:
The type locality (Bald Knob deposit, Alleghany Co., North Carolina, USA) is near Galax (Virginia). The mineral has been named for Galax and for the plant galax urceolata, after which the town is named.
This page provides mineralogical data about Galaxite.
Classification of Galaxite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
4/B.01-30
4.BB.05
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
B : Metal: Oxygen = 3:4 and similar
B : With only medium-sized cations
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
B : Metal: Oxygen = 3:4 and similar
B : With only medium-sized cations
7.2.1.2
7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
2 : AB2X4
7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
2 : AB2X4
7.19.5
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
19 : Oxides of Mn and Fe
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
19 : Oxides of Mn and Fe
Pronounciation of Galaxite
Pronounciation:
| Play | Recorded by | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Jolyon & Katya Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Galaxite
Vitreous
Colour:
Red, brown
Streak:
Brownish red
Hardness:
7½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
4.03 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Galaxite
Type:
Isotropic
Chemical Properties of Galaxite
Formula:
Mn2+Al2O4
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Galaxite
Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
m3m (4/m 3 2/m) - Hexoctahedral
Space Group:
Fd3m
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.271 Å
Unit Cell V:
565.81 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:
Massive.
Type Occurrence of Galaxite
Synonyms of Galaxite
Other Language Names for Galaxite
Relationship of Galaxite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Chromite | Fe2+Cr3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Cochromite | (Co,Ni,Fe)(Cr,Al)2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Coulsonite | Fe2+V3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Cuprospinel | Cu2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. |
| Dellagiustaite | V2+Al2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Deltalumite | (Al0.67☐0.33)Al2O4 | Tet. 4 2m : P4m2 |
| Franklinite | Zn2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Gahnite | ZnAl2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Guite | Co2+Co3+2O4 | Iso. |
| Hausmannite | Mn2+Mn3+2O4 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd |
| Hercynite | Fe2+Al2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Hetaerolite | ZnMn2O4 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd |
| Jacobsite | Mn2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Maghemite | Fe3+2O3 | Iso. 4 3 2 : P41 3 2 |
| Magnesiochromite | MgCr2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Magnesiocoulsonite | MgV2O4 | Iso. |
| Magnesioferrite | MgFe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Magnetite | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Manganochromite | Mn2+Cr2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Nichromite | (Ni,Co,Fe)(Cr,Fe,Al)2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Spinel | MgAl2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Thermaerogenite | CuAl2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Titanomaghemite | (Ti4+0.5◻0.5)Fe2O4 | Iso. 4 3 2 : P43 3 2 |
| Trevorite | Ni2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Vuorelainenite | Mn2+V3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Zincochromite | ZnCr2O4 | Iso. |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| Jacobsite | 4 photos of Galaxite associated with Jacobsite on mindat.org. |
| Wiserite | 4 photos of Galaxite associated with Wiserite on mindat.org. |
| Kutnohorite | 1 photo of Galaxite associated with Kutnohorite on mindat.org. |
| Manganocummingtonite | 1 photo of Galaxite associated with Manganocummingtonite on mindat.org. |
| Pyrochroite | 1 photo of Galaxite associated with Pyrochroite on mindat.org. |
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping
| 4.BB. | Chenmingite | FeCr2O4 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
| 4.BB. | Thermaerogenite | CuAl2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 4.BB.05 | Chromite | Fe2+Cr3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 4.BB.05 | Cochromite | (Co,Ni,Fe)(Cr,Al)2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 4.BB.05 | Coulsonite | Fe2+V3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 4.BB.05 | Cuprospinel | Cu2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. |
| 4.BB.05 | Filipstadite | (Sb0.5Fe0.5)Mn2O4 | Iso. |
| 4.BB.05 | Franklinite | Zn2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 4.BB.05 | Gahnite | ZnAl2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 4.BB.05 | Hercynite | Fe2+Al2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 4.BB.05 | Jacobsite | Mn2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 4.BB.05 | Manganochromite | Mn2+Cr2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 4.BB.05 | Magnesiocoulsonite | MgV2O4 | Iso. |
| 4.BB.05 | Magnesiochromite | MgCr2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 4.BB.05 | Magnesioferrite | MgFe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 4.BB.05 | Magnetite | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 4.BB.05 | Nichromite | (Ni,Co,Fe)(Cr,Fe,Al)2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 4.BB.05 | Qandilite | (Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4 | |
| 4.BB.05 | Spinel | MgAl2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 4.BB.05 | Trevorite | Ni2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 4.BB.05 | Ulvöspinel | TiFe2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 4.BB.05 | Vuorelainenite | Mn2+V3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 4.BB.05 | Zincochromite | ZnCr2O4 | Iso. |
| 4.BB.10 | Hausmannite | Mn2+Mn3+2O4 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd |
| 4.BB.10 | Hetaerolite | ZnMn2O4 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd |
| 4.BB.10 | Hydrohetaerolite | ZnMn2O4 · H2O | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd |
| 4.BB.10 | Jacobsite-Q | T(Mn2+)M(Fe3+2)O4 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd |
| 4.BB.15 | Maghemite | Fe3+2O3 | Iso. 4 3 2 : P41 3 2 |
| 4.BB.15 | Titanomaghemite | (Ti4+0.5◻0.5)Fe2O4 | Iso. 4 3 2 : P43 3 2 |
| 4.BB.20 | Tegengrenite | (Mg,Mn2+)2Sb5+0.5(Mn3+,Si,Ti)0.5O4 | Trig. |
| 4.BB.25 | Xieite | Fe2+Cr2O4 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
Related Minerals - Dana Grouping (8th Ed.)
Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals Grouping
| 7.19.1 | Bixbyite | Mn3+2O3 | Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Ia3 |
| 7.19.2 | Janggunite | Mn5-x(Mn,Fe)1+xO8(OH)6 | Orth. |
| 7.19.3 | Jacobsite | Mn2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 7.19.4 | Vernadite | (Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O | Hex. |
| 7.19.6 | Filipstadite | (Sb0.5Fe0.5)Mn2O4 | Iso. |
| 7.19.7 | Manganochromite | Mn2+Cr2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 7.19.8 | Zenzénite | Pb3Fe4Mn3O15 | Hex. |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Galaxite in petrology
An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.
References for Galaxite
Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Krenner (1907), Zs. Kr.: 43: 471.
Ross and Kerr (1932), American Mineralogist (1932): 17: 1-8, 15.
Essene, E.J. and Peacor, D.R. (1983) Crystal chemistry and petrology of coexisting galaxite and jacobsite and other spinel solutions and solvi. American Mineralogist: 68: 449-455.
Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Seventh edition, Volume I: 689-697.
European Journal of Mineralogy: 9: 31-42.
Zhai, Shuangmeng; Yin, Yuan; Shieh, Sean R.; Chang, Yun-Yuan; Xie, Tianqi; Xue, Weihong (2017): Raman spectroscopic study of MnAl2O4 galaxite at various pressures and temperatures. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 44, 163-170.
Internet Links for Galaxite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1639.html
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External Links:
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Localities for Galaxite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Austria | |
| Kolitsch, U., Schachinger, T., Auer, C. (2017): 2026) Albit, Amphibol, Bementit(?), Braunit, ein Mn-Chlorit, As-haltiger Fluorapatit, Galaxit, Hämatit, Hübnerit, Iwakiit(?), Jakobsit, Kalifeldspat, Kutnahorit, Långbanit, Manganoxide, Nickelskutterudit, Pyrophanit, Quarz, Rhodochrosit, Rhodonit, Safflorit, Sarkinit, Sonolith, Spessartin, Tephroit, Uraninit und Zirkon aus Manganvererzungen von der Wunwand (Wunspitze) bei Prägraten, Osttirol. Pp. 241-246 in Walter, F. et al. (2017): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXVI. Carinthia II, 207./127., 217-284. |
Germany | |
| Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001 |
Ghana | |
| Mineralium Deposita Volume 34 Issue 3 (1999) pp 297-311 |
Japan | |
| Mayumi Yoshinaga (1963) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 14, 1, 1-22.; Fukuoka, M. (1981) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 24, #4, 207-252. |
| Kato, A. (2010) Mumeikai Group meeting, No. 30.; 加藤昭, & 松原聰. (1980). 本邦産マンガン硼酸塩鉱物. 鉱物学雜誌, 14(Special3), 86-97. |
| Donald E. Lee (1955) |
| 加藤昭, & 松原聰. (1980). 本邦産マンガン硼酸塩鉱物. 鉱物学雜誌, 14(Special3), 86-97. |
| Fukuoka, M. (1981) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 24, #4, 207-252. |
| Fukuoka, M. (1981) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 24, #4, 207-252.; 加藤昭, & 松原聰. (1980). 本邦産マンガン硼酸塩鉱物. 鉱物学雜誌, 14(Special3), 86-97. | |
| Kobayashi H (1977) Kanoite, (Mn2+,Mg)2[Si2O6], a new clinopyroxene in the metamorphic rock from Tatehira, Oshima Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan. Journal of the Geological Society of Japan 83, 537-542; Tomohiro Morishita, Hiroharu Mastueda (2011) Mineral assemblage and genesis of the Tatehira manganese ore deposit, Southeast Hokkaido, Japan. Abstracts for Annual Meeting of Japan Association of Mineralogical Sciences 2011 Session ID: R1-P22 |
| Fukuoka, M. (1981) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 24, #4, 207-252. |
| Katsu Kaneko (1956) Symposium del Manganeso, XX Congreso Geologico Internacional, Mexico D.F. |
| Dr. Matsuo Nambu ore collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Ohe Rikosha specimens (with sonolite) |
| Fukuoka, M. (1981) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 24, #4, 207-252. |
| Katsu Kaneko (1956) Symposium del Manganeso, XX Congreso Geologico Internacional, Mexico D.F.; Yoshinaga, Mayumi. "Sonolite, a new manganese silicate mineral." Mem Fac Sci Kyushu Univ Ser D Geol 14 (1963): 1-21. |
| 加藤昭, & 松原聰. (1980). 本邦産マンガン硼酸塩鉱物. 鉱物学雜誌, 14(Special3), 86-97. |
| Akira Kato (undated manuscript): Country rock and Minerals of the Kaso mine, Kanuma City, Tochigi Prefecture. (in japanese); Yoshinaga, Mayumi. "Sonolite, a new manganese silicate mineral." Mem Fac Sci Kyushu Univ Ser D Geol 14 (1963): 1-21.; 加藤昭, & 松原聰. (1980). 本邦産マンガン硼酸塩鉱物. 鉱物学雜誌, 14(Special3), 86-97. |
| Fukuoka, M. (1981) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 24, #4, 207-252. | |
| H. Yoshimura (1952) | |
| Lee, D. E. (1955) |
| Fukuoka, M. (1981) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 24, #4, 207-252.; Fumitoshi HIROWATARI (1961) Minerals and Their Paragenetic Relations of the Manganese Deposits of Fukumaki Mine, Yamaguchi Prefecture. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Japan Vol.12:565-572 |
| H. Momoi (1964) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 15, #1, 61. |
| Mayumi Yoshinaga (1963) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 14, 1, 1-22. | |
| Fukuoka, M. (1981) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 24, #4, 207-252. | |
Namibia | |
| Dunn, P.J. (1991), Rare minerals of the Kombat Mine, Mineralogical Record: 22(6): 421-425. |
Romania | |
| http://minerals-of-the-carpathians.eu |
Russia | |
| Brusnitsyn A.I. (2000) Rhodonite deposits of Middle Ural, - S.-Peterburg Univercity press, p. 200 (in Rus.). |
| World of Stones #10. | |
Sweden | |
| Kjell Gatedal |
| Kjell Gatedal |
| Mineralogical Magazine(1978) 42, 133-136 |
| Knut Edvard Larsen collection | |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 175-176. |
| Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 176. |
| The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 44, pp. 000 (2006) page 205; Ansermet, S. (2012): Mines et minéraux du Valais - II. Anniviers et Tourtemagne. With contributions by N. Meisser, Ed. Porte-plumes (Ayer) |
| Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Verlag Wepf & Co. (Basel), p. 30-31 |
Thailand | |
| RRUFF Specimen ID: R120116 |
United Arab Emirates | |
| Gnos, E. and Peters, T. (1995) Tephroite-hausmannite-galaxite from a granulite-facies manganese rock of the United Arab Emirates. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology: 120: 372-377. |
USA | |
| Schooner, Richard. (circa 1980s), Untitled manuscript on central Connecticut minerals. |
| Rocks & Min.: 60:130-135. |
| Forsyth Gem and Mineral Club |
| Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich |
| Beard, J.S. and Tracy, R.J. (2002): Spinels and other oxides in Mn-rich rocks from the Hutter Mine, Pittsylvania County, Virginia, U.S.A.: Implications for miscibility and solvus relations among jacobsite, galaxite, and magnetite. American Mineralogist, 87, 690-698.; AmMin 87:690-698 (2002) |
| Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich |
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Nordmark Odal Field, Filipstad, Värmland County, Sweden