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Garnet Supergroup

This page kindly sponsored by Mark Kucera
Andradite

Kimmeria, Xánthi Prefecture, Thraki Department, Greece
Demantoid

Sferlùn asbestos mine, Vallone del Cengiaccio, Lanzada, Lanterna Valley, Malenco Valley, Valtellina, Sondrio Province, Lombardy, Italy
Almandine

Granatenkogel north slope, Gaisberg valley, Obergurgl, Gurgler valley, Ötz valley, North Tyrol, Tyrol, Austria
Andradite

Kimmeria, Xánthi Prefecture, Thraki Department, Greece
Demantoid

Sferlùn asbestos mine, Vallone del Cengiaccio, Lanzada, Lanterna Valley, Malenco Valley, Valtellina, Sondrio Province, Lombardy, Italy
Almandine

Granatenkogel north slope, Gaisberg valley, Obergurgl, Gurgler valley, Ötz valley, North Tyrol, Tyrol, Austria
Andradite

Kimmeria, Xánthi Prefecture, Thraki Department, Greece
Demantoid

Sferlùn asbestos mine, Vallone del Cengiaccio, Lanzada, Lanterna Valley, Malenco Valley, Valtellina, Sondrio Province, Lombardy, Italy
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About Garnet SupergroupHide

Formula:
X3Z2(TO4)3
X = Ca, Fe, etc., Z = Al, Cr, etc., T = Si, As, V, etc.
Crystal System:
Isometric
Name:
Named from granatum (a pomegranate) for its resemblance to seeds of this fruit.
A group of cubic and pseudocubic nesosilicates, arsenates, vanadates and members with TO4 groups where T = Al, Fe3+, Te.
The current nomenclature was established by Grew et al. (2013).

Found in many rock types.

Note: Garnet group, synonymous with the colloquially used term garnet, is a group name encompassing the very common silicate garnets (almandine, spessartine, grossular, andradite etc.).


Classification of Garnet SupergroupHide

Notes:
IMA Approved Group Name

Optical Data of Garnet SupergroupHide

Type:
Isotropic

Chemical Properties of Garnet SupergroupHide

Formula:
X3Z2(TO4)3

X = Ca, Fe, etc., Z = Al, Cr, etc., T = Si, As, V, etc.

Crystallography of Garnet SupergroupHide

Crystal System:
Isometric

Crystallographic forms of Garnet SupergroupHide

Crystal Atlas:
Image Loading
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Garnet no.1 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Garnet no.2 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Garnet no.3 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Garnet no.55 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Garnet no.84 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided by www.smorf.nl.

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Synonyms of Garnet SupergroupHide

Other Language Names for Garnet SupergroupHide

Bulgarian:Гранат
Croatian:Granati
Czech:Granát
Esperanto:Grenato
Estonian:Granaadid
Farsi/Persian:لعل
Finnish:Granaatti
Hebrew:גארנט
Japanese:柘榴石
Lithuanian:Granatas
Portuguese:Granada
Russian:Гранат
Spanish:Granates
Swedish:Granater
Ukrainian:Гранати

Relationship of Garnet Supergroup to other SpeciesHide

Group Members:
Berzeliite Group 
  Berzeliite (NaCa2)Mg2(AsO4)3Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
  Manganberzeliite NaCa2Mn2+2(AsO4)3Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
  Palenzonaite (Ca,Na)3CaMn2+2(VO4)3Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
  Schäferite Ca2NaMg2(VO4)3Iso.
Bitikleite Group 
  Bitikleite Ca3SbSn(AlO4)3Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
  Dzhuluite Ca3SbSnFe3+3O12Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
  Elbrusite Ca3(Zr1.5U6+0.5)Fe3+3O12Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
  Usturite Ca3SbZr(Fe3+O4)3Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
Blythite Mn2+3Mn3+2[SiO4]3
Cryolithionite Na3Li3[AlF6]2Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
Garnet Group X3Z2(SiO4)3
  Almandine Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
  Andradite Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
  Calderite (Mn2+,Ca)3(Fe3+,Al)2(SiO4)3Iso.
  Eringaite Ca3Sc2(SiO4)3Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
  Goldmanite Ca3V3+2(SiO4)3Iso.
  Grossular Ca3Al2(SiO4)3Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
  Knorringite Mg3Cr2(SiO4)3Iso.
  Majorite Mg3(Fe2+,Si,Al)2(SiO4)3Iso.
  Menzerite-(Y) {(Y,REE),(Ca,Fe2+)}3{(Mg,Fe2+),(Fe3+,Al)}2[SiO4]3Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
  Momoiite (Mn2+,Ca)3V3+2(SiO4)3Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
  Morimotoite Ca3(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)2((Si,Fe3+)O4)3Iso.
  Pyrope Mg3Al2(SiO4)3Iso.
  Spessartine Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
  Uvarovite Ca3Cr2(SiO4)3Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
Henritermierite Group 
  Henritermierite Ca3(Mn3+,Al)2(SiO4)2(OH)4Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/acd
  Holtstamite Ca3(Al,Mn3+)2(SiO4)2(OH)4Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/acd
Katoite Ca3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x (x = 1.5-3)Iso.
Khoharite Mg3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Monteneveite Ca3Sb5+2(Fe3+2Fe2+)O12Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
Schorlomite Group 
  Hutcheonite Ca3Ti2(SiAl2)O12Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
  Irinarassite Ca3Sn2Al2SiO12 Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
  Kerimasite Ca3Zr2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
  Kimzeyite Ca3(Zr,Ti)2((Si,Al,Fe3+)O4)3Iso.
  Schorlomite Ca3(Ti,Fe3+)2((Si,Fe3+)O4)3Iso.
  Toturite Ca3Sn2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
Skiagite Fe2+3Fe3+2[SiO4]3
UM1984-37-SiO:CrMn Mn2+3(Cr3+,Mn3+)2Si3O12
Yafsoanite Ca3Zn3(TeO6)2Iso. m3 (2/m 3)

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Garnet Supergroup in petrologyHide

An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.

References for Garnet SupergroupHide

Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Hutton, Colin Osborne (1962), Composition of some garnets in low-grade schists Royal Society of New Zealand Geology 1: 129-133.
McConnell, D. (1964): Refringence of garnets and hydrogarnets. Canadian Mineralogist 8, 11-22.
Evans, B.W. (1965), Microprobe study of zoning in eclogite garnets: Geol. Soc. Amer. Abstract with Program: 54.
Sobolev, N.V., Jr., Kuznetsova, I.K., and Zyuzin, N.I. (1968) The petrology of grospydite xenoliths from the Zagadochnaya Kimberlite pipe in Yakutia. Journal of Petrology: 9: 253-280.
Dudley, P.P. (1969), Electron microprobe analyses of garnets in glaucophane schists and associated eclogites: American Mineralogist: 54: 1139-1150.
Sawatzky, G.A., Van Der Woude, F., and Morrish, A.H. (1969) Recoilness-fraction ratio for 57Fe in octahedral and tetrahedral sites of a spinel and a garnet. Physical Reviews: 183(2): 383-386.
Reid, A.M., Brown, R.W., DAwson, J.B., Whitfield, G.G., and Siebert, J.C. (1976) Garnet and pyroxene compositions in some diamondiferous eclogites. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology: 58: 203-220.
Green, T.H. (1977) Garnet in silicic liquids and its possible use as a P-T indicator. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology: 65: 59-67.
Kolesnik, Y.N., Nogteva, V.V., and Paukov, I.Y. (1977) The specific heat of pyrope at 13 to 300 K and the thermodynamic parameters of some natural varieties of garnet. Geochemistry International 1977: 126-133.
Newton, R.C., Charlu, T.V., and Kleppa, O.J. (1977) Thermochemistry of high pressure garnets and clinopyroxenes in the system CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta: 41: 369-377.
Schwartz, K.B., Nolet, D.A., and Burns, R.G. (1980) Mössbauer spectroscopy and crystal chemistry of natural Fe-Ti garnets. American Mineralogist: 65: 142-153.
Smith, B.K. (1982), Plastic deformation of garnets; mechanical behavior and associated microstructures, 208 p. University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California.
Cecchini A., Franzini M., Troysi M.(1988): Nuovi dati sulla microdurezza dei granati. Atti Soc.Tosc.Sc.Nat., Mem., Serie A, 95, 21-28.
Bell, D.R., Ihinger, P.D., and Rossman, G.R. (1995) Quantitative analysis of trace OH in garnet and pyroxenes. American Mineralogist: 80: 465-474.
Mukhopadhyay, B., Holdaway, M.J., and Koziol, A.M. (1997) A statistical model of the thermodynamic mixing properties of Ca-Mg-Fe2+ garnets. American Mineralogist: 82: 165-181.
Nakano, T. and Ishikawa, Y. (1997) Chemical zoning of pegmatite garnets from the Ishikawa and Yamonoo areas, northeastern Japan. Geochem. Journal: 31: 105-118.
Kolesov, B.A. and Geiger, C.A. (1998) Raman spectra of silicate garnets. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals: 25: 142-151.
Voegele, V., J.I. Ando, P. Cordier, & R.C. Liebermann (1998), Plastic deformation of silicate garnets; , High-pressure experiments. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors: 108: 305-318.
Voegele, V., P. Cordier, V. Sautter, T.G. Sharp, J.M. Lardeaux, & F.O. Marques (1998), Plastic deformation of silicate garnets; II, Deformation microstructures in natural samples. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors: 108: 319-338.
Bofa Ballaran, T., Carpenter, M.A., Geiger, C.A., and Kozol, A. (1999) Local structural heterogeneity in garnet solid solutions. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals: 26: 554-569.
Wang, L., E.J. Essene, & . Zhang (1999), Mineral inclusions in pyrope crystals from Garnet Ridge, Arizona, USA; implications for processes in the upper mantle: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology: 135: 164-178.
Wang, Z., S. Ji, T.E. Rivers, D.R.M.E. Pattison, & R.F.E. Martin (1999): Deformations of silicate garnets; brittle-ductile transition and its geological implications, Mineral-scale processes in metamorphic petrology; the Kretz volume. Canadian Mineralogist: 37(2): 525-541.
Arredondo, E.H. and Rossman, G.R. (2002) Feasibility of determining the quantitative OH content of garnets with Raman spectroscopy. American Mineralogist: 87: 307-311.
Wang, L., Essene, E.J., and Zhang, Y. (2000) Direct observation of immiscibility in pyrope-almandine-grossular garnet. American Mineralogist: 85: 41-46.
Geiger, C. A. (2013): Garnet: A key phase in nature, the laboratory, and technology. Elements 9, 447-452.
Galoisy, L. (2013): Garnet: From stone to star. Elements 9, 453-456.
Grew, E. S., Locock, A. J., Mills, S. J., Galuskina, I. O., Galuskin, E. V., & Hålenius, U. (2013): Nomenclature of the garnet supergroup. American Mineralogist, 98, 785-811. [http://nrmima.nrm.se/Published%20garnet%20paper.pdf]

Internet Links for Garnet SupergroupHide

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    Significant localities for Garnet SupergroupHide

    Showing 99 significant localities out of 15,141 recorded on mindat.org.


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