Gaylussite

Gaylussite

Lake Amboseli, Kajiado County, Kenya

Gaylussite, etc.

Wadi El-Natrun depression, Beheira Governorate, Egypt

Gaylussite

Lake Chad, Central Africa

Gaylussite

Lake Amboseli, Kajiado County, Kenya

Gaylussite, etc.

Wadi El-Natrun depression, Beheira Governorate, Egypt

Gaylussite

Lake Chad, Central Africa

Gaylussite

Lake Amboseli, Kajiado County, Kenya

Gaylussite, etc.

Wadi El-Natrun depression, Beheira Governorate, Egypt

About GaylussiteHide

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac

Formula:

Na₂Ca(CO₃)₂ · 5H₂O

Colour:

Colourless, yellowish, greyish, white; colourless in transmitted light.

Lustre:

Vitreous

Hardness:

2½

Specific Gravity:

1.991

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Name:

For French chemist Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac (1778-1850.
The original source of Gaylussite is Laguna de Urao near the town of Lagunillas.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Laguna de Urao, Lagunillas, Mérida, Venezuela

This page provides mineralogical data about Gaylussite.

Classification of GaylussiteHide

Physical Properties of GaylussiteHide

Optical Data of GaylussiteHide

Type:

Biaxial (-)

RI values:

n_α = 1.444 n_β = 1.516 n_γ = 1.523

2V:

Measured: 34° , Calculated: 34°

Max Birefringence:

δ = 0.079

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.

Surface Relief:

Low

Dispersion:

relatively strong r < v

Chemical Properties of GaylussiteHide

Crystallography of GaylussiteHide

Crystallographic forms of GaylussiteHide

Crystal Atlas:

Image Loading

Click on an icon to view

Gaylussite no.8 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

Gaylussite no.13 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided by www.smorf.nl.

Toggle
Edge Lines | Miller Indices | Axes

Transparency
Opaque | Translucent | Transparent

View
Along a-axis | Along b-axis | Along c-axis | Start rotation | Stop rotation

Crystal StructureHide

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα

Data Set: Searles Lake, Trona, San Bernardino County, California, USA 408

Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Type Occurrence of GaylussiteHide

Synonyms of GaylussiteHide

Other Language Names for GaylussiteHide

Common AssociatesHide

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz GroupingHide

Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals GroupingHide

Other InformationHide

Gaylussite in petrologyHide

References for GaylussiteHide

Internet Links for GaylussiteHide

Localities for GaylussiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (eg from pseudomorphs.)

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.

Antarctica
Eastern Antarctica Victoria Land Ross Archipelago Ross Island ⓘ Hut Point Peninsula	Browne, P.R.L. 1973 Secondary minerals in cores from DVDP 1 and 2. Dry Valley Drilling Project bulletin 2: 83-93 Browne, P.R.L. 1974 Secondary minerals from Ross Island drillholes. Dry Valley Drilling Project bulletin 04:15
Argentina
Salta Province Los Andes department ⓘ Laguna Santa Maria	Raúl Jorge Tauber Larry
Canada
Saskatchewan ⓘ North lngebright Lake	Shang, Y. (2000). Mineralogy, lithostratigraphy and geochemistry of North Ingebright Lake, Saskatchewan, Canada. PhD thesis University of Manitoba.
ⓘ Waldsea Lake	Greengrass, K., Last, W. M., Deleqiat, J., & Suklmn, S. (1999). Waldsea lake Revisited: Another look at the Recent History of One of Western Canada's Best-studied Meromictic lakes.
Central Africa
ⓘ Lake Chad	Manfred Mader collection (see photo)
Chad
Kanem Region (Khanem) ⓘ La saline d'Andjia	Zdenĕk, J., Maglione, G.E. (1972) La kanemite, nouveau silicate de sodium hydraté de néoformation. Bulletin de la Société Française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie, 95, 372-382.
China
ⓘ Inner Mongolia	Kezao Chen (1992): Quaternary Sciences 3(8), 193-202; Jiping Wang, Jianming Zhou, Xiulian Ma, and Qingtang Yang (1999): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 19(3), 315-319
Tibet Nagchu Prefecture (Naqu Prefecture) Nyima Co. (Nima Co.) ⓘ Guojialin lake	Shaoxiu Yang (1991): Journal of Lake Sciences 3(1), 1-10
Shuanghu Co. ⓘ Pongyin Co (Pongyin Tso)	Xiyu Zheng and Shengsong Yu (1981): Scientia Geographica Sinica 1(1), 66-76; Shaoxiu Yang (1991): Journal of Lake Sciences 3(1), 1-10
Ngari Gê'gyai Co. (Geji Co.) ⓘ Chalaka	Xiyu Zheng and Shengsong Yu (1981): Scientia Geographica Sinica 1(1), 66-76; Shaoxiu Yang (1991): Journal of Lake Sciences 3(1), 1-10
ⓘ Qag Caka (Qia Chaka)	Shaoxiu Yang (1991): Journal of Lake Sciences 3(1), 1-10
Xigazê Prefecture (Rikaze Prefecture; Shigatse Prefecture) Zhongba Co. ⓘ Chabyer Caka (Chabyer Co; Zhabuye Chaka; Zhabuye Cuo; Zabuye salt lake)	Mianping Zheng and Wengao Liu (1987): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 7(3), 221-226; Shaoxiu Yang (1991): Journal of Lake Sciences 3(1), 1-10; Wen Qi and Mianping Zheng (1995): Journal of Lake Sciences 7(2), 133-140; Mianping Zheng, Heran Yuan, Junying Liu, Yanhe Li, Zhibang Ma, and Qing Sun (2007): Acta Geologica Sinica 81(12), 1608-1617
Xinjiang Wulumuqi Prefecture (Ürümqi Prefecture; Ürümchi Prefecture) Midong District ⓘ Beishawo salt lake	Bingxiao Li (1992): Journal of Lake Sciences 4(1), 48-55
Czech Republic
Karlovy Vary Region Karlovy Vary District Jáchymov Rovnost Mine (Werner Mine) ⓘ Geister vein ("sv. Duch" vein) ?	Plášil J., Hloušek J., Škoda R. (2013): Chalkonatronit, Na2Cu(CO3)2(H2O)3, ze žíly sv. Ducha, Jáchymov (Česká republika) [Chalconatronite, Na2Cu(CO3)2(H2O)3, from the „sv. Duch“ vein, Jáchymov (Czech Republic)]. Bull. mineral.-petrolog. Odd. Nár. Muz. (Praha) 21, 228-233.
Egypt
Beheira Governorate ⓘ Wadi El-Natrun depression (Wadi El Natroun)	Marchesini, M., Barresi, A. (2009) I minerali di Wadi natrun, Deserto Occidentale, Egitto, Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 4/2009, 228-258.; Marco Marchesini & Antonello Barresi (2019) The Wadi Natrun evaporite deposits, Western Desert, Buhayra Governate, Egypt. Mineralogical Record 50:723-748
ⓘ El-Hamra Lake	Marco Marchesini & Antonello Barresi (2019) The Wadi Natrun evaporite deposits, Western Desert, Buhayra Governate, Egypt. Mineralogical Record 50:723-748
ⓘ Ruzounia Lake (Razunia Lake)	Marco Marchesini & Antonello Barresi (2019) The Wadi Natrun evaporite deposits, Western Desert, Buhayra Governate, Egypt. Mineralogical Record 50:723-748
ⓘ Umm Risha Lake	Marco Marchesini & Antonello Barresi (2019) The Wadi Natrun evaporite deposits, Western Desert, Buhayra Governate, Egypt. Mineralogical Record 50:723-748
Italy
Tuscany Grosseto Province Manciano ⓘ Tafone Mine	R. Meli (1999): I minerali delle discariche e delle scorie del Fosso del Tafone (Grosseto). - Riv. Min. Ital., 23 3: 187-191.
Siena Province Chiusdino ⓘ Le Cetine di Cotorniano Mine (Le Cetine Mine; Cetine Mine; Rosia)	Brizzi G., Ciselli I, Santucci A. (1988) - Cetineite ed altre novità dalle Cetine di Cotorniano - Riv. Miner. Ital., Milano, fasc. 3, pp.73-82; Menchetti, S., Batoni, M., Batacchi, C., Borselli, G., Brogi, A., Ceccantini, L., Fassina, B., Marchesini, M., Rossellini, A. & Ruggieri, G. (2015): Le Cetine di Cotorniano. Miniera e minerali. Associazione Micro-Mineralogica Italiana, Cremona, 354 p.
Kenya
Kajiado County ⓘ Lake Amboseli	Bill Wall specimens (collected 1970s)
Mexico
Yucatán northwest coastline of the Yucatán peninsula Puerto Chicxulub Chicxulub impact structure ⓘ Yaxcopoil-1 borehole	L. Zürcher and D.A. Kring, Meteoritic and Planetary Science, 1 July 2004, V 39, N° 7, pp. 1199-1221.
Mongolia
Eastern Gobi Desert ⓘ Taboos-nor (Salt Lake)	Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 235.
Russia
ⓘ Crimea	Nesterovskiy, V. A., & Deiak, M. A. (2015). Cучасний МІНЕРАЛОГЕНЕЗ В ЕКЗОГЕННИХ СИСТЕМАХ КРИМСЬКОГО ПІВОСТРОВА. Збірник наукових праць Інституту геологічних наук НАН України, 8, 165-172. Modern mineral formation in exogenous systems of Crimean Peninsula
Kerch Peninsula Bondarenkovo Village area ⓘ Bulganak mud volcano field	Deyak M.A. Modern water-chemogenic formations of mud volcanoes of Kerch Peninsula. Dissertation to Scientific Candidate Degree in Geological Sciences in speciality 04.00.21 – lithology. –Department of marine geology and sedimentary ore formation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. – Kyiv, 2010.
Murmansk Oblast ⓘ Khibiny Massif	www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/khib.htm
Sakha Republic (Yakutia) Mirninsky District Daldyn ⓘ Udachnaya open-pit mine (Udachnaya-Vostochnaya pipe; Udachnaya pipe)	Sharygin, V. V., Kamenetsky, V. S., & Kamenetsky, M. B. (2008). Potassium sulfides in kimberlite-hosted chloride–“nyerereite” and chloride clasts of Udachnaya-East pipe, Yakutia, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 46(4), 1079-1095.
Slovakia
Banská Bystrica Region Banská Bystrica District Dolný Harmanec ⓘ Horná Túfna Cave	Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590
South Africa
Gauteng City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality ⓘ Salt Pan crater (Tswaing crater)	Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, PO Box 44283, Linden 2104, South Africa.
Spain
Aragón Huesca Grañén ⓘ Grañen	Vizcayno, C., Garcia-Gonzalez, M. T., Gutierrez, M., & Rodriguez, R. (1995). Mineralogical, chemical and morphological features of salt accumulations in the Flumen-Monegros district, NE Spain. Geoderma, 68(3), 193-210.
Community of Madrid Ciempozuelos ⓘ Espartinas Saltworks ?	- González del Tánago, Ch. and González del Tánago, J. (2002). Minerales y minas de Madrid
Switzerland
Vaud Aigle Bex ⓘ Salt mine	Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 179.
Tanzania
Arusha region Ngorongoro District ⓘ Lake Natron	Manega, Paul C. & Bieda, Sophie (1987): Modern sediments of Lake Natron, Tanzania. Sciences Geologiques, Bulletin 40, 83-95.
ⓘ Ol Doinyo Lengai	Zaitsev, A. N., & Keller, J. (2006). Mineralogical and chemical transformation of Oldoinyo Lengai natrocarbonatites, Tanzania. Lithos, 91(1), 191-207.
Tunisia
Tataouine ⓘ Playa Oum el Krialate	Smykatz-Kloss, W., & Roy, P. D. (2010). Mineralogía de evaporitas y geoquímica de elementos mayores como herramientas para la investigación paleoclimática en regiones áridas: una síntesis. Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana, 62(3), 379-390.
USA
California Inyo Co. Deep Springs Valley ⓘ Deep Springs Lake (Deep Springs Playa)	Jones, Blair Francis (1961), Zoning of saline minerals at Deep Spring Lake, California: USGS PP 424-B, Article 83: B200; Hardie, L.A. and Eugster, H.P. (1970) The evolution of closed-basin brines. Mineralogical Society of America Special Paper 3: 232; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 207.
Owens Valley Olancha ⓘ Owens Lake	Smith, George Irving & W.P. Pratt (1957), Core logs from Owens, China, Searles and Panamint Basins, California: USGS Bulletin 1045-A: 5; Hay, Richard Le Roy & Richard J. Moiola (1963), Authigenic silicate minerals in three desert lakes of eastern California (abstract): Program New York Meeting, Geological Society of America: 76A; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 151, 197; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 207, 374.
Kern Co. China Lake [town] China Lake ⓘ China Lake Mine (China Lake deposit)	Smith, George Irving & W.P. Pratt (1957), Core logs from Owens, China, Searles and Panamint Basins, California: USGS Bulletin 1045-A: 16; Hay, Richard Le Roy & Richard J. Moiola (1963), Authigenic silicate minerals in three desert lakes of eastern California (abstract): Program New York Meeting, Geological Society of America: 76A; Moiola, Richard J. & Richard L. Hay (1964), Zeolite zones in Pleistocene and recent sediments of China Lake, California (abstract): Geological Society of America, Cordilleran Section Meeting, Berkeley, California: 47, April 1963; […Geological Society of America Special Paper 76: 215 (1964)]: 47; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 71, 151, 287.
Lake Co. Sulphur Creek Mining District (Sulfur Creek Mining District; Wilbur Springs Mining District) Clear Lake ⓘ Borax Lake Mine (Lake Hachinhama; Little Borax Lake; Clear Lake)	U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
Clear Lake Oaks ⓘ Borax Lake (Big Borax Lake)	Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 233, 235; Vonsen, Magnus (1935), The discovery of borates in California: Mineralogist: 3(12): 22; Vonsen, Magnus & G.D. Hanna (1936), Borax Lake, California: California Division Mines Report 32: 103; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 197, 280, 289, 374; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 207, 208.
Mono Co. ⓘ Mono Lake	Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 235; Russell, Israel Cook (1889), Quaternary history of Mono Valley, California: USGS 8th. Annual Report: 297; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 197.
San Bernardino Co. Owlshead Mountains ⓘ Owl Hole Springs	Bailey, Gilbert E. (1902), The saline deposits of California: California Mining Bureau Bulletin 24: 102; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 198.
ⓘ Searles Lake	Hanks, Henry Garber (1892), Gaylussite (new variety), San Bernardino County, California): Mining & Science Press: 64: 222; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 197; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 235, 633.; Gale, Hoyt Stoddard (1915), Mineralogy of the Searles Lake deposits in Salines in the Owens, Searles, and Panamint basins, southeastern California: USGS Bulletin 580: 296-308
ⓘ Green River Formation	Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 233, 279.; Farrington, O. C. (1900) New mineral occurrences. Field Columbian Mus. Pub. 44, Geol,. Ser. l, (7),221-231
Nevada Churchill Co. Dixie Marsh ⓘ Humboldt Salt Marsh	U.S. Geological Survey (2005) Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
ⓘ Unnamed drill hole	NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
Ragtown Carson Sink ⓘ Big Soda Lake	USBM Inf Circ 7093 (1939)
ⓘ Little Soda Lake	USBM Inf Circ 7093 (1939)
Esmeralda Co. ⓘ Fish Lake Marsh	NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
Lander Co. Reese River Mining District ⓘ Apex Mine (Rundberg Mine; Early Day Mine)	Kampf, A.R., Mills, S.J., Nash, B.P., Jensen, M., Nikischer, T. (2015): Apexite, NaMg(PO4)·9H2O, a new struvite-type phase with a heteropolyhedral cluster. American Mineralogist, 100, 2695–2701
Mineral Co. ⓘ Teels Marsh	NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada; American Mineralogist,Vol.49:1366-1387; Cahit Helvaci, Federico Ortí, Javier García-Veigas, Laura Rosell, Ibrahim Gündoğan (2012). Neogene Borate Deposits: Mineralogy, Petrology and Sedimentology; A workshop with special emphasis on the Anatolian deposits International Earth Science Colloquium on the Aegean Region (IESCA-2012, İzmir, Turkey). 64pp.
Nye Co. ⓘ Butterfield Marsh	NBMG Bull 99B Geology and Mineral Resources of Northern Nye County, Nevada
ⓘ Railroad Valley	NBMG Spec Pub 31 Minerals of Nevada
Oregon Lake Co. ⓘ Alkali Lake	Am.Min.54:1034
Washington Grant Co. Soap Lake ⓘ Mitchell Lake (Soda Lake)	Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon 1975
Warden ⓘ Carbonate Lake	Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon 1975
ⓘ Okanogan Co.	www.dnr.wa.gov/geology/okanogan.htm.
Wyoming Natrona Co. Sweetwater Valley ⓘ Independence Rock	Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 235.
Sweetwater Co. Green River Basin ⓘ Alchem Trona Mine	U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
ⓘ Big Island Mine (Stauffer)	U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
ⓘ FMC Green River Trona Mine (Westvaco Mine)	U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
ⓘ Granger Mine	U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
ⓘ John Hay Jr. Well No. 1	Am Min 26:646-650
Venezuela (TL)
Mérida Lagunillas ⓘ Laguna de Urao (TL)	Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 235.