Gonnardite
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About Gonnardite
Formula:
(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
Hardness:
4 - 5
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
For French mineralogist Ferdinand Gonnard (1833-1923).
Zeolite Group. Natrolite Subgroup.
Most gonnardites have a disordered natrolite framework.
The compositions of and structural relationships between gonnardite and tetranatrolite remain controversial (Artioli and Galli 1999; Evans et al. 2000; Ross et al. 1992; Lee et al. 2006).
Most gonnardites have a disordered natrolite framework.
The compositions of and structural relationships between gonnardite and tetranatrolite remain controversial (Artioli and Galli 1999; Evans et al. 2000; Ross et al. 1992; Lee et al. 2006).
Classification of Gonnardite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
8/J.21-40
9.GA.05
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
G : Tektosilicates with zeolitic H2O; zeolite family
A : Zeolites with T5O10 Units – The Fibrous Zeolites
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
G : Tektosilicates with zeolitic H2O; zeolite family
A : Zeolites with T5O10 Units – The Fibrous Zeolites
77.1.5.7
77 : TECTOSILICATES Zeolites
1 : Zeolite group - True zeolites
77 : TECTOSILICATES Zeolites
1 : Zeolite group - True zeolites
16.10.5
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
10 : Aluminosilicates of Ca and alkalis
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
10 : Aluminosilicates of Ca and alkalis
Physical Properties of Gonnardite
Hardness:
4 - 5 on Mohs scale
Optical Data of Gonnardite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.514 nβ = 1.515 nγ = 1.520
2V:
Measured: 52° , Calculated: 50°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.006

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Low
Dispersion:
strong
Chemical Properties of Gonnardite
Formula:
(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
Crystallography of Gonnardite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Cell Parameters:
a = 13.38 Å, b = 13.38 Å, c = 6.66 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1 : 1 : 0.498
Unit Cell V:
1,192.30 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Comment:
Also space group I-42d, a = 13.21(1), c = 6.622(4) A.
Type Occurrence of Gonnardite
Synonyms of Gonnardite
Other Language Names for Gonnardite
Russian:Тетранатролит
Simplified Chinese:纤沸石
Spanish:Gonnardita
Ranita
Tetranatrolita
Ranita
Tetranatrolita
Traditional Chinese:纖沸石
Relationship of Gonnardite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Mesolite | Na2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O | Orth. mm2 : Fdd2 |
Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O | Orth. mm2 : Fdd2 |
Paranatrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 3H2O | Mon. m : Bb |
Scolecite | CaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O | Mon. m : Bb |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Calcite | 49 photos of Gonnardite associated with Calcite on mindat.org. |
Natrolite | 43 photos of Gonnardite associated with Natrolite on mindat.org. |
Haüyne | 29 photos of Gonnardite associated with Haüyne on mindat.org. |
Analcime | 28 photos of Gonnardite associated with Analcime on mindat.org. |
Pyrite | 17 photos of Gonnardite associated with Pyrite on mindat.org. |
Phillipsite | 17 photos of Gonnardite associated with Phillipsite on mindat.org. |
Phillipsite-Ca | 15 photos of Gonnardite associated with Phillipsite-Ca on mindat.org. |
Phlogopite | 13 photos of Gonnardite associated with Phlogopite on mindat.org. |
Rhodochrosite | 10 photos of Gonnardite associated with Rhodochrosite on mindat.org. |
Thomsonite-Ca | 10 photos of Gonnardite associated with Thomsonite-Ca on mindat.org. |
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping
9.GA.05 | Mesolite | Na2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O | Orth. mm2 : Fdd2 |
9.GA.05 | Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O | Orth. mm2 : Fdd2 |
9.GA.05 | Paranatrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 3H2O | Mon. m : Bb |
9.GA.05 | Scolecite | CaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O | Mon. m : Bb |
9.GA.10 | Thomsonite-Ca | NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
9.GA.10 | Thomsonite-Sr | Na(Sr,Ca)2[Al5Si5O20] · 7H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
9.GA.15 | Edingtonite | Ba[Al2Si3O10] · 4H2O | |
9.GA.15 | Kalborsite | K6Al4BSi6O20(OH)4Cl | Tet. |
Related Minerals - Dana Grouping (8th Ed.)
77.1.5.1 | Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O | Orth. mm2 : Fdd2 |
77.1.5.3 | Paranatrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 3H2O | Mon. m : Bb |
77.1.5.4 | Mesolite | Na2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O | Orth. mm2 : Fdd2 |
77.1.5.5 | Scolecite | CaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O | Mon. m : Bb |
77.1.5.6 | Edingtonite | Ba[Al2Si3O10] · 4H2O | |
77.1.5.8 | Cowlesite | CaAl2Si3O10 · 6H2O | Orth. |
Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals Grouping
16.10.1 | Bytownite | (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] | Tric. |
16.10.2 | Lisetite | CaNa2Al4Si4O16 | Orth. |
16.10.4 | Thomsonite-Ca | NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
16.10.6 | Mesolite | Na2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O | Orth. mm2 : Fdd2 |
16.10.7 | Garronit-Ca | ||
16.10.8 | Garronite-Ca | Na2Ca5Al12Si20O64 · 27H2O | Tet. 4 2m : I4m2 |
16.10.9 | Boggsite | Ca8Na3(Si,Al)96O192 · 70H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Imma |
16.10.10 | Herschelite | (Na2,K2,Ca,Sr,Mg)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O | Trig. |
16.10.11 | Phillipsite | ||
16.10.12 | Fedorite | (Na,K)2-3(Ca4Na3)Si16O38(OH,F)2 · 3.5H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
16.10.13 | Willhendersonite | KCa[Al3Si3O12] · 5H2O | Tric. |
16.10.14 | Barrerite | (Na,K,Ca0.5)2[Al2Si7O18] · 7H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
16.10.15 | Mordenite | (Na2,Ca,K2)Al2Si10O24 · 7H2O | Orth. |
16.10.16 | Reyerite | (Na,K)2Ca14(Si,Al)24O58(OH)8 · 6H2O | Trig. |
16.10.17 | Lévyne | ||
16.10.18 | Clinoptilolite | ||
16.10.19 | Heulandite | ||
16.10.20 | Gobbinsite | Na5(Si11Al5)O32 · 11H2O | Orth. |
16.10.21 | Stilbite | ||
16.10.22 | Dachiardite | Mon. | |
16.10.23 | Offretite | KCaMg(Si13Al5)O36 · 15H2O | Hex. 6 m2 : P6m2 |
16.10.24 | Perlialite | K9Na(Ca,Sr)[Al2Si4O12]6 · 15H2O | Hex. |
16.10.25 | Erionite | ||
16.10.26 | Paulingite | ||
16.10.27 | Sodium Dachiardite | (Na2,Ca,K2)4-5Al8Si40O96 · 26H2O | |
16.10.28 | Mazzite-Mg | (Mg,K,Ca)5(Si26Al10)O72 · 28H2O | Hex. |
16.10.29 | Roggianite | Ca2Be(OH)2Al2Si4O13 · 2.5H2O | Tet. |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
References for Gonnardite
Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Mazzi, F., A.O. Larsen, G. Gottardi, and E. Galli (1986) Gonnardite has the tetrahedral framework of natrolite: experimental proof with a sample from Norway. Neues Jahrb. Mineral., Monatsh., 219-228.
Nawaz, R. (1988) Gonnardite and disordered natrolite-group minerals: their distinction and relations with mesolite, natrolite and thomsonite. Mineral. Mag., 52, 207-219.
Mineralogical Magazine (1998): 62: 548.
Artioli, G. and Galli, E. (1999) Gonnardite: Re-examination of holotype material and discreditation of tetranatrolite. American Mineralogist 84, 1445-1450.
Evans, H.T., Konnert, J.A., and Ross, M. (2000) The crystal structure of tetranatrolite from Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebec, and its chemical and structural relationship to paranatrolite and gonnardite. American Mineralogist 85, 1808-1815.
Kol’tsova, T. N. (2005) Zeolites of the natrolite-thomsonite series. Inorganic Materials, 41, 750-756.
Lee, Yongjae, Hriljac, Joseph A., Parise, John B., and Vogt, Thomas (2006) Pressure-induced hydration in zeolite tetranatrolite. American Mineralogist 91, 247-251.
Internet Links for Gonnardite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1724.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
Localities for Gonnardite
Locality List




All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Afghanistan | |
| RWMW Collection |
Argentina | |
| R. S. Bowman and S. E. Delap (Eds.) Zeolite ’06—7th International Conference on the Occurrence, Properties, and Utilization of Natural Zeolites Socorro, New Mexico USA, 16–21 July 2006 p. 242 |
Australia | |
| Zeolites of the World, R. Tschernich, 1992, p.221 |
| Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania |
| Ref: FL Sutherland & RS Bottrill (2004) Zeolites of western Tasmania. Australian Jornal of Mineralogy 10:2 pp 59-72 |
| Bottrill, R. S. & Baker, W. E. (2008): A Catalogue of the Minerals of Tasmania. Geological Survey Bulletin 73, Mineral Resources Tasmania, 254 pp. |
| http://www.crocoite.com/locationbulletins/part1/zeolites.pdf |
| Ref: FL Sutherland & RS Bottrill (2004) Zeolites of western Tasmania. Australian Jornal of Mineralogy 10:2 pp 59-72 |
| Ref: FL Sutherland & RS Bottrill (2004) Zeolites of western Tasmania. Australian Jornal of Mineralogy 10:2 pp 59-72 |
| http://www.crocoite.com/locationbulletins/part1/zeolites.pdf |
| http://www.crocoite.com/locationbulletins/part1/zeolites.pdf |
| http://www.crocoite.com/locationbulletins/part1/zeolites.pdf |
| http://www.crocoite.com/locationbulletins/part1/zeolites.pdf |
| http://www.crocoite.com/locationbulletins/part1/zeolites.pdf |
| W.D.Birch 1989. Zeolites of Victoria. The Mineralogical Society of Victoria, special publication no.2, pp. 11-30 |
| - Birch, W. D., ed. (1989): Zeolites of Victoria. The Mineralogical Society of Victoria Inc., Special Publication No. 2, Melbourne, Australia, pp. 1-30,92,93,97 & 99 |
| Tschernich, R. (1992): Zeolites of the World, p.49; - Birch, W. D., ed. (1989): Zeolites of Victoria. The Mineralogical Society of Victoria Inc., Special Publication No. 2, Melbourne, Australia, pp. 1-30,92,93,97 & 99 |
| Birch, W. D., ed. (1989): Zeolites of Victoria. The Mineralogical Society of Victoria Inc., Special Publication No. 2, Melbourne, Australia, pp. 1-30,92,93,97 & 99 |
| Henry, D. A., in Australian Journal of Mineralogy, Vol.1 No.2 , 13-15 |
| W.D.Birch 1989. Zeolites of Victoria, The Mineralogical Association Of Victoria No. 2 pp. 75-84,97 |
| |
Austria | |
| peter neschen collection |
| Postl, W. & Walter, F. (1985); Mineralogical Magazine 1956 31 : 265-271 |
| Postl, W. (1987); Postl, W., Taucher, J. & Moser, B. (1996): Neue Mineralfunde im oststeirischen Vulkangebiet. Mitt. Abt. Miner. Landesmuseum Joanneum, 60/61, 3-76. |
Belgium | |
| Dehove, J. (2006): Les minéraux de la Carrière de la Flèche, Bertrix, province du Luxembourg, Belgique. Magazine du 4M, 27(261), 7-11. |
Bolivia | |
| Visual ID by Laszlo Horvath. |
Brazil | |
| Atencio et al. (1999) Canadian Mineralogist 37, 91-98. |
Bulgaria | |
| Karov,C. & Dimitrov, I. (2004): A catalogue of the mineral species in the National Museum of Natural History, Sofia (KOSTOV 1993) (part 2) Silicates. Historia naturalis bulgarica. 16:7-45 |
Canada | |
| Peterson, T.D. Mineralogy of the Ice River Complex. B.Sc. thesis, the University of Calgary, 1983 |
| Van Velthuizen, J.J., Gault, R.A., Robinson, G.W. & Scovil, J.(2006), Zeolite occurrences in the Central Metasedimentary Belt of the Grenville Province, Ontario, Quebec and New York State. Mineralogical Record: 37: 283-296 [locality #83]. |
| GOLD, D.P., EBY, G.N. & VALLEÉ, M. (1986) Carbonatites, diatremes and ultra-alkaline rocks in the Oka area. Fieldtrip guidebook 21, GAC/MAC Meeting, Ottawa, 51p. |
| Horváth, L and Gault, R.A. (1990), The mineralogy of Mont Saint-Hilaire Quebec. Mineralogical Record: 21: 284-359. |
| HORVÁTH, L., PFENNINGER HORVÁTH, E., GAULT, R.A., and TARASSOFF, P. (1998) Mineralogy of the Saint Amable sill, Varennes and Saint Amable, Québec, Canada. Mineralogical Record, 29, 83 118. |
Horváth, L., Pfenninger-Horváth, E., Gault, R. A., & Tarassoff, P. (1998): Mineralogy of the Saint-Amable Sill, Varennes and Saint-Amable, Québec. Mineralogical Record, 29: 83-118. | |
| Tarassoff collection |
Costa Rica | |
| Micro Probe Volume VII Number 7 Spring 1993 |
| Micro Probe Volume VII Number 7 Spring 1993 |
Czech Republic | |
| Pauliš, P.: Nejzajímavější mineralogická naleziště Čech. Kutná Hora: Kuttna, 2000, s. 84-85. |
| Sejkora J., Jebavá I., Plášil J., Bureš B., Tvrdý J.: Nordstrandit z lomu v Děpoltovicích u Karlových Varů (Česká republika). Bulletin mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 2010, roč. 18, č. 1, s. 33-41. |
| Rychlý, R.: Gonnardit z lokality Horní Hrad, sv. od Ostrova nad Ohří. Časopis pro mineralogii a geologii, 1980, roč. 25, č. 3, s. 319. |
| Černý, P. et al.: Mokrá u Žlutic, lokalita gibbsitu, böhmit a zeolitů. Minerál, 2002, roč. 10, č. 6, s. 403 - 408. |
| Pauliš P. Nejzajímavější mineralogická naleziště Čech, part I. Kuttna 2000, Kutná Hora |
| Ulrych, J. et al. (2000): Tertiary phonolite laccolith of Mariánská hora hill, N. Bohemia: geological, petrological and mineralogical characteristics. Acta Montana IRSM AS CR, series A No. 15 (116), p. 5-44. |
Denmark | |
| Petersen Ole V.,Secher K.(1985) - Gronland: Mineralien, Geologie, Geschichte. - Verlag Bode & Partner K.G., Bochum, 87 pagg. |
Petersen, O.V. (2001): List of all minerals identified in the Ilímaussaq alkaline complex, South Greenland. Geology of Greenland Survey Bulletin. 190, 25-33 | |
Petersen, O.V., Giester, G., Brandstätter, F., Niedermayr, G. (2002): Nabesite, a new mineral species from the Ilimaussaq alkaline complex. Canadian Mineralogist. 40, 173-181 | |
Petersen, O.V., Giester, G., Brandstätter, F., Niedermayr, G. (2002): Nabesite, a new mineral species from the Ilimaussaq alkaline complex. Canadian Mineralogist. 40, 173-181 | |
France (TL) | |
| Bull.Soc.fr.Min.(1896) 19, 426-427; Zeolites of the World, Rudy W. Tschernich 1992 |
| Paolo Bosio collection |
French Southern and Antarctic Lands | |
| Giret, A., Verdier, O. & Nativel, P. (1992). The zeolitisation of Kerguelen Islands, Southern Indian Ocean. In: Yoshida, Y., et al. (eds) Recent Progress in Antarctic Earth Science, Tokyo: Terra Publishing 32, 1–36. Co., pp. 457–463. |
Germany | |
| Weisenberger, Tobias B. & Spürgin, Simon (2014) Hydrothermal phonolite alteration in the Kaiserstuhl Volcanic Complex, Germany. 31st Nordic Geological Meeting, Lund Sweden. |
| Weisenberger, T.B., Spürgin, S., Lahaye, Y. (2014): Hydrothermal alteration and zeolitization oft he Fohberg phonolite, Kaiserstuhl Volcanic Complex, Germany, International Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 103 (8). 2273-2300 |
| Keck, E. (2008): Der Wartberg bei Längenau, nordöstlich von Selb, in Oberfranken. Aufschluss 59, 109-128. |
| S. Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990 |
| S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990 |
| |
| Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990 |
| Mineralogical Magazine 1956 31 : 265-271 |
| ko Jansen. |
| Blass, G., Graf , HW., Neufunde von bekannten Fundorten (X), Mineralien-Welt 2/1994 |
| Hentschel. G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag München, 1983 |
| Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag München, 1983; Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag München, 1983 |
| Andreas Gerstenberg collection |
Hungary | |
| Szakáll & Gatter: Hun. Min. Spec., 1993 |
| KOVÁCS-PÁLFFY, P. et al. (2005): A Karikás-tető (Prága-hegy, Balaton-felvidék) bazaltjának üregkitöltő ásványai [The cavity filling minerals of the basalt from Karikás-tető (Prága Hill, Balaton Highland, Transdanubia)]. A Magyar Állami Földtani Intézet Évi Jelentése, 95-118. [http://www.mafi.hu/microsites/EJ_digi/EJ_2005PDF/Kovacs_Palffy.pdf] |
| Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995 |
| G. Artioli et al. , Am. Min. , V84, 1999, pp. 1445-1450. |
| Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995 |
| Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995; Kovács, I. et al. (2009): Guide to the Bakony-Balaton Volcanic Highland, Field Trip 1, 7th September 2009. MinPet2009 field trip booklet, 23 pp. |
| Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995; Kónya, P. and Szakáll, S. (2011): Occurrence, composition and paragenesis of the zeolites and associated minerals in the alkaline basalt of a maar-type volcano at Haláp Hill, Balaton Highland, Hungary. Mineralogical Magazine 75, 2869-2885. |
| Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995 |
India | |
| Tschernich, 1992. Zeolites of the World, p.222 |
| Chakrabarty, A., Pruseth, K. L., & Sen, A. K. (2012). Compositions and petrogenetic significance of the eudialyte group minerals from Sushina, Purulia, West Bengal. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 79(5), 449-459. |
Italy | |
| Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I Minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI |
| Mineralogical Magazine 1956 31 : 265-271 |
| Lapis 2003(2), 21-30 |
Lapis 2003(2), 21-30 | |
| Lapis 2003(2), 21-30 |
Preite, D. (2003): Mineraliensammeln im Urlaub: Zeolithfundstellen auf Sardinien. Lapis 28(2), 21-30 | |
| Gelosa, M. & Mameli, P. (1999): I minerali delle cave di Osilo: località mineralogiche della Sardegna. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 2/1999, 92-96. |
| Mineralogical Magazine 1956 31 : 265-271 |
Mineralogical Magazine 1956 31 : 265-271 | |
| Sicurella, G., Russo, S., Ciriotti, M.E., Blass, G. (2010): Mineralogia della formazione di Monte Caliella, Palagonia (Catania, Sicilia). Micro (località), 2/2010, 371-408 |
Sicurella, G., Russo, S., Ciriotti, M.E., Blass, G. (2010): Mineralogia della formazione di Monte Caliella, Palagonia (Catania, Sicilia). Micro (località), 2/2010, 371-408. | |
| Giordano D. (2008): Dolomiti di cristallo. Minerali e mineralogia nell’Agordino. Gruppo Agordino Mineralogico Paleontologico Ed., Agordo, 222 pp. |
| Boscardin M.,Daleffe A.,Rocchetti I., Zordan A. (2011) " Minerali del Vicentino - Aggiornamenti, località e nuove determinazioni " Museo di Archeologia e Scienze Naturali “G. Zannato” – Montecchio Maggiore (Vicenza), pp.183 |
Natural History Museum Vienna collection | |
| Daleffe, A., Boscardin, M. & Rocchetti, I (2012): Garronite e Gonnardite del Colle di San Valentino, Salcedo, Vicenza . |
Japan | |
| Hiromi Yamasaki specimen |
| Tschernich, 1992. Zeolites of the World, p.223. |
| Matsubara, S. (2003) Minerals in Japan (Field Best Encyclopedia series) |
| Dr. Yohachiro Okamoto collection (curated at Geological Survey museum, Japan) |
| Nishido et al (1990) Sanko-Gakkai Kou'en-Youshi, 52. |
Kenya | |
| Paolo Forti - Genetic processes of cave minerals in volcanic environments: An overview. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, v. 67, no. 1, p. 3-13. |
Lesotho | |
| Tschernich, 1992. Zeolites of the World, p.223. |
New Zealand | |
| Olivine nodules from Tokatoka, Northland. Black and Brothers, NZJGG, 8(1) 1965. |
| Courtney, S.F. & Rodgers, K.A. (1988): Herschelite from Tokatoka, New Zealand. N. Jb. Miner. Mh., 1988, 10, 433-437. |
| -Graham, I.T, Pogson, R.E., Colchester, D.M. & Baines, A. (2003) Zeolite crystal habits , composition, and paragenesis; Blackhead Quarry, Dunedin, New Zealand - Mineralogical Magazine, 67, 625-737 |
| J. Thornton in Micro-Scope, August 2000 |
| Bosel, C.A., Coombs, D.S. (1984) Foreaux Formation: A warm water, strandline deposit of Landon-Pareora age at Bluff Hill, Southland. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 27:2, 221-223. |
Norway | |
| Andersen, T. & Sørensen, H. (1993): Crystallization and metasomatism of nepheline syenite xenolites in quartz-bearing intrusive rocks in the permian Oslo rift, SE Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift. 73, 250-266 |
| Larsen, A. O. (ed.) (2010): The Langesundsfjord. History, geology, pegmatites, minerals. Bode Verlag Gmbh, Salzhemmendorf, Germany, 240 p |
| Dons, J. A. (1969): Interupted creations of nepheline syenite pegmatite dikes in the Langesundsfjord area, S.Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 49: 145-157 |
Dons, J. A. (1969): Interupted creations of nepheline syenite pegmatite dikes in the Langesundsfjord area, S.Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 49: 145-157 | |
| Andersen, F.,Berge, S.A. & Burvald, I. (1996): Die Mineralien des Langesundsfjords und des umgebenden Larvikit-Gebietes, Oslo-Region, Norwegen. MineralienWelt 7(4):21-100 |
Larsen, A.O., Åsheim, A. and Gault, R. A. (2005): Minerals of the eudialyte group from the Sagåsen larvikite quarry, Porsgrunn, Norway. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrifter 30: 58-62 | |
Larsen, A. O. (ed.) (2010): The Langesundsfjord. History, geology, pegmatites, minerals. Bode Verlag Gmbh, Salzhemmendorf, Germany, 240 p | |
| Burvald, Ingulv (1993): To forekomster av nefelin-syenitt-pegmatitt i Telemark. STEIN 20 (3), 176-179 |
| Burvald, Ingulv (1993): To forekomster av nefelin-syenitt-pegmatitt i Telemark. STEIN 20 (3), 176-179 |
| Larsen, A. O. (ed.) (2010): The Langesundsfjord. History, geology, pegmatites, minerals. Bode Verlag Gmbh, Salzhemmendorf, Germany, 240 p |
| S. A. Berge |
| Larsen, A. O. (2002): Zeolitter fra syenittpegmatittene i Oslofeltet. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 20, 60-65 |
Andersen, F. (1993): Hedrum pukkverk i Lågendalen. STEIN 20 (4), 236-238 | |
| Mason, B.(1957):" Gonnardite (Ranite) from Langesundsfjord". Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 37,435-437 |
| Larsen, A. O. (ed.) (2010): The Langesundsfjord. History, geology, pegmatites, minerals. Bode Verlag Gmbh, Salzhemmendorf, Germany, 240 p |
Larsen, A.O. (ed.) (2010): "The Langesundsfjord, History, Geology, Pegmatites, Minerals" , Bode Verlag GmBH.; Andresen, P. (2011): Mineralene fra Midtfjellet larvikittbrudd, Malerød, Larvik. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift. 46: 41-47 | |
Larsen, A.O. (2001): Chemical composition of catapleiites from the syenite pegmatites in the Larvik plutonic complex, Norway. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 18, 5-9 | |
| Larsen, A. O. (2002): Zeolitter fra syenittpegmatittene i Oslofeltet. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 20, 60-65 |
| Larsen, A. O. (ed.) (2010): The Langesundsfjord. History, geology, pegmatites, minerals. Bode Verlag Gmbh, Salzhemmendorf, Germany, 240 p |
Larsen, A. O. (ed.) (2010): The Langesundsfjord. History, geology, pegmatites, minerals. Bode Verlag Gmbh, Salzhemmendorf, Germany, 240 p | |
Personally collected by Peter Andresen in 2007. | |
Larsen, A. O. (ed.) (2010): The Langesundsfjord. History, geology, pegmatites, minerals. Bode Verlag Gmbh, Salzhemmendorf, Germany, 240 pp | |
Larsen, A. O. (ed.) (2010): The Langesundsfjord. History, geology, pegmatites, minerals. Bode Verlag Gmbh, Salzhemmendorf, Germany, 240 p | |
Nordrum, F.S. (2000): Nyfunn av mineraler i Norge 1999-2000. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 17: 59-63 | |
Larsen, A. O. (ed.) (2010): The Langesundsfjord. History, geology, pegmatites, minerals. Bode Verlag Gmbh, Salzhemmendorf, Germany, 240 p | |
Collected by Peter Andresen August 2009; Andresen, P. (2013): Gedigent bly og andre spennende mineraler fra en unik pegmatitt i Tvedalen. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrifter. 50, 83-87 | |
Nordrum, F. S. (2007): Nyfunn av mineraler i Norge 2006-2007. STEIN 34 (2), 14-26 | |
Kamphaug,E. (1987): Wikmanitt (sic!) fra Vevja-bruddet i Tvedalen. NAGS-nytt 14 (4),27. ;Larsen, A. O. (ed.) (2010): The Langesundsfjord. History, geology, pegmatites, minerals. Bode Verlag Gmbh, Salzhemmendorf, Germany, 240 p | |
| Berge, S. A. & Andersen, F. (2002): Mineralforekomster i Sandefjordområdet. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 20, 50-59; Larsen, A. O. (2002): Zeolitter fra syenittpegmatittene i Oslofeltet. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 20, 60-65 |
Berge, S.A. & Hansen, R. (1976): Mineraler i Sandefjordsområdet III-Varden. NAGS-nytt 3 (4), 13-16 (in norwegian) | |
Poland | |
| Matusiak M., Puziewicz J., 2005: PRELIMINARY DATA ON BASALT FROM WINNA GÓRA NEAR JAWOR (SW POLAND) AND ITS PERIDOTITIC ENCLAVES. Mineralogical Society of Poland - Special Papers, 26 |
Portugal | |
| Pedro Alves collection, XRD analysis |
Réunion Island | |
J. Ph. Rançon (1985) Hydrothermal history of Piton des Neiges volcano (Reunion Island, Indian Ocean). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Volume 26, Issues 3–4, December 1985, Pages 297–305, 307, 309–315 | |
Romania | |
| Szakáll, S. & Kristály, F., Eds. (2010): Mineralogy of Székelyland, Eastern Transylvania, Romania. Csík County Nature and Conservation Society, Miercurea-Ciuc, Romania, 321 pp. |
Russia | |
| PEKOV, I.V. & NIKOLAEV, A.P. (2013) Minerals of the pegmatites and hydrothermal assemblages of the Koashva deposit (Khibiny, Kola Peninsula, Russia). Mineralogical Almanac 189(2), 7-65. |
Pekov, I.V. & Podlesnyi, A.S. (2004): Kukisvumchorr Deposit: Mineralogy of Alkaline Pegmatites and Hydrotermalites. Mineralogical Almanac, vol. 7, 140 pages + xxiv photo's pages | |
| American Mineralogist, Volume 92, pages 1525-1530, 2007 |
| Arzamastsev, A., Yakovenchuk, V., Pakhomovsky, Y., & Ivanyuk, G. (2008). The Khibina and Lovozero alkaline massifs: Geology and unique mineralization. In Guidbook for 33rd International Geological Congress Excursion (No. 47, p. 58). |
Dudkin, O.B., Minakov, F.V., Kravchenko, M.P., Kravchenko, E.V., Kulakov, A.N., Polezhaeva, L.I., Pripachkin, V.A., Pushkarev; A.N., Ryungenen; G.I. [Дудкин, О.Б., Минаков, Ф.В., Кравченко, М.П., Кравченко, Э.В., Кулаков, А.Н., Полежаева, Л.И., Припачкин, В.А., Пушкарев, Ю.Д., Рюнгенен, Г.И.] (1984): Carbonatite of Khibiny [Карбонатиты Хибин]. Kola Branch, USSR Academy of Science Press [Издательство Кольского филиала АН СССР], Apatity, 97 pp. (in Russian); Zaitsev, A.N., Men'shikov, Yu.P., Yakovenchuk, V.N. [Зайцев, А.Н., Меньшиков, Ю.П., Яковенчук, В.Н.] (1992): Barium zeolites of the Khibiny alkaline massif [Бариевые цеолиты Хибинского щелочного массива]. Zapiski Vserossiiskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva [Записки Всероссийского Минералогического Общества], 121, 2, 54-61 (in Russian); Yakovenchuk, V.N., Ivanyuk, G.Yu., Pakhomovsky, Ya.A., Men'shikov, Yu.P. (2005): Khibiny. Laplandia Minerals Ltd. (in association with the Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland), Apatity, 468 pp. | |
| Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow |
| [MinRec 32:416]; American Mineralogist, Volume 86, pages 939–942, 2000 |
Solomon Islands | |
| Allen, J.B., Deans, T. (1965) Ultrabasic eruptives with Alnöitic-Kimerlitic affinities from Malaita, Solomon Islands. Mineralogical Magazine 1965 Vol.34(268) 16-34. |
Spain | |
| Kratzsch E. (2001) Mineralfundstellen auf Lanzarote, Kanarische Inseln; Lapis 2001, 3, 13-23 (reference via Ferdinando Giovine) |
| Ternes, Bernd(1998): "Mineraliensammeln im Urlaub: Fundstellen auf Teneriffa-auch ein Reisebericht". LAPIS vol 23(1998), nr 1, p.13-21 |
| Analyced by Joan Viñals |
| Calvo, M., Viñals, J., Sanz, A. and Martí, J. (2013). Zeolites and asociated minerals in the vacuoles of some of the Campo de calatrava volcanoes - Ciudad Real, Spain. Mineral Up,3, 54-69 |
| JRGL collection |
Calvo, M., Viñals, J., Sanz, A. and Martí, J. (2013). Zeolites and asociated minerals in the vacuoles of some of the Campo de calatrava volcanoes - Ciudad Real, Spain. Mineral Up,3, 54-69 | |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 194. |
Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 194. | |
Turkey | |
| Alan F. Cooper, Durmus Boztuğ, J. Michael Palin, Candace E. Martin, Mihoko Numata (2011) Petrology and petrogenesis of carbonatitic rocks in syenites from central Anatolia, Turkey. Contrib Mineral Petrol 161:811–828. |
UK | |
| Zeolites of the World, Rudy W. Tschernich 1992 |
| Dan Weinrich |
Nawaz, R. and Malone, J.F. (1982) Gobbinsite, a New Zeolite Mineral from Co. Antrim, N. Ireland. Mineralogical Magazine, vol. 46, n° 340, pp. 365-369.; Nawaz, R. Unpublished data on UM specimens.; Ryback, G., Nawaz, R. and Farley, E. (1988) Seventh Supplementary List of British Isles Minerals (Irish). Mineralogical Magazine, vol. 52, n° 365, pp. 267-274. | |
| Wilson O., Dyer A., Enamy H. (2003): Zeolites of the British Isles. British Micromount Society, Occasional Paper, 15 |
| Foy, H. (1994). Gobbinsite from Magheramorne Quarry, Northern Ireland. Mineralogical Magazine, 58, 615-620. |
USA | |
| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 237. |
| American Mineralogist, Volume 77, pages 685-703, 1992 |
American Mineralogist, Volume 7 4, pages 113-131, 1989 | |
| W. S. Wise (2006) research at UCSB |
| Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 373. |
| Rocks & Minerals 79:4 |
MinRec 19:153 | |
| Tschernich, R. (1992): Zeolites of the World, p.114 |
| Tschernich, R. (1992): Zeolites of the World, 65; American Mineralogist (1969) 54:182-197 |
| Tschernich, R. (1992): Zeolites of the World, 65; American Mineralogist (1969) 54:182-197 |
| Tschernich, R. (1992): Zeolites of the World, p.114 |
American Mineralogist (1969) 54:182-197 | |
Tschernich, R. (1992): Zeolites of the World, 65; American Mineralogist (1969) 54:182-197 | |
Tschernich, 1992. Zeolites of the World. | |
Tschernich, R. (1992): Zeolites of the World, 65; American Mineralogist (1969) 54:182-197 | |
| Zeolites of the World, R. Tschernich, 1992, p.225 |
| [www.johnbetts-fineminerals.com] |
| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. |
| Laszlo Horvath collection |
| Micro Probe Volume VII Number 8 Fall 1993 |
| A. Smith, www.hgms.org/Articles/VolcanicOlivineBomb_Jul04.pdf. |
| Zeolites of the World, R. Tschernich, 1992, p.225 |
| Micro Probe Vol.7 No.9 Spring '94 |
| Rudy Tschernich Zeolite Collection |
| Micro Probe Vol. 7 No. 10 |
| Micro Probe Volume VIII Number 9 |
Rudy Tschernich Zeolite Collection |
Alum Mountain District, Grant Co., New Mexico, USA