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Graftonite

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Graftonite, etc.

Berg, Sollefteå, Ångermanland, Sweden
Graftonite

Malpensata pegmatitic dyke, Piona Peninsula, Colico, Lecco Province, Lombardy, Italy
Graftonite, etc.

Groton, Grafton Co., New Hampshire, USA
Graftonite, etc.

Berg, Sollefteå, Ångermanland, Sweden
Graftonite

Malpensata pegmatitic dyke, Piona Peninsula, Colico, Lecco Province, Lombardy, Italy
Graftonite, etc.

Groton, Grafton Co., New Hampshire, USA
Graftonite, etc.

Berg, Sollefteå, Ångermanland, Sweden
Graftonite

Malpensata pegmatitic dyke, Piona Peninsula, Colico, Lecco Province, Lombardy, Italy
Formula:
Fe2+Fe22+(PO4)2
System:
Monoclinic
Colour:
Usually reddish brown, ...
Lustre:
Sub-Vitreous, Resinous, Greasy
Hardness:
5
Name:
Named by Samuel L. Penfield in 1900 the type locality on Melvin Mountain, Grafton, Grafton County, New Hampshire, USA.
Beusite-Graftonite Series.

The correct formula (IMA CNMMN 2017 redefinition) is: FeFe2(PO4)2.

A primary phosphate mineral found in complex granitic pegmatites.
Chemically related to sarcopside.

Ca may be dominant at M(1) in graftonite-like compositions, suggesting a possible new member (Tait et al., 2013).


Classification of Graftonite

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Notes:
Redefined by the IMA
Approval History:
Redefined by IMA in february 2017 as Fe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2.
Strunz 8th ed.:
7/A.04-20
Strunz 9th ed.:
8.AB.
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:
8.AB.20

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
A : Phosphates, etc. without additional anions, without H2O
B : With medium-sized cations
Dana 8th ed.:
38.3.3.1

38 : ANHYDROUS NORMAL PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, AND VANADATES
3 : (AB)3(XO4)2
Hey's CIM Ref.:
19.12.36

19 : Phosphates
12 : Phosphates of Mn

Physical Properties of Graftonite

Lustre:
Sub-Vitreous, Resinous, Greasy
Diaphaneity (Transparency):
Translucent
Colour:
Usually reddish brown, occasionally light brown, rarely salmon-pink; nearly colorless in transmitted light.
Comment:
May be dark brown due to alteration.
Streak:
White to faintly pink, when unaltered.
Hardness (Mohs):
5
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
On {010}, good; on {100}, poor, but not eaily observed.
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
3.67 - 3.79 g/cm3 (Measured)    3.95 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
Measured values vary with the ratio of Fe:Mn:Ca. 3.775 = measured (from Nickel Plate Mine, SD, USA).

Optical Data of Graftonite

Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.695 - 1.709 nβ = 1.699 - 1.714 nγ = 1.719 - 1.736
2V:
Measured: 20° to 60°, Calculated: 56°
Birefringence:
0.026
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.024 - 0.027
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Dispersion:
relatively weak to r>>v
Optical Extinction:
X = b, Z ^ c = 36°
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
X = Colourless
Y = Colourless
Z = Pink

Chemical Properties of Graftonite

Formula:
Fe2+Fe22+(PO4)2
Elements listed in formula:
Fe, O, P - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of Graftonite

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.87 Å, b = 11.57 Å, c = 6.17 Å
β = 99.2°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.767 : 1 : 0.533
Unit Cell Volume:
V 625.06 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Generally found as parallel lamellae in triphylite or occasionally with other primary phosphates in granite pegmatite. Morphological "crystals" are essentially unknown. Pseudomorphs of heterosite after graftonite "crystals" are stout prismatic; also occurs as rough composite crystals of graftonite in triphylite.
Comment:
American Mineralogist 67:826 (1982) structure; Neutron diffraction indicates three distinct cation sites

Epitaxial Relationships of Graftonite

Epitaxial Minerals:
TriphyliteLiFe2+PO4
Epitaxy Comments:
As coarsely laminated intergrowths with Triphylite, both phases mutually oriented with graftonite {010} [100] parallel to triphylite {102} [010].
X-Ray Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
3.42 (100)
3.02 (50)
2.92 (50)
2.91 (40)
2.84 (80)
2.83 (70)
2.79 (30)
2.73 (60)
Comments:
ICDD 27-250

Occurrences of Graftonite

Type Occurrence of Graftonite

Type Locality:
ⓘ Melvin Mountain, Grafton, Grafton Co., New Hampshire, USA
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Complex granite pegmatite.

Relationship of Graftonite to other Species

Series:
Forms a series with Beusite (see here)
Member of:
Graftonite Group
Other Members of Group:
BeusiteMn2+Mn22+ (PO4)2
Common Associates:
Albite
Heterosite
Muscovite
Quartz
Triphylite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
8.AB.BorisenkoiteCu3[(V,As)O4]2
8.AB.05FarringtoniteMg3(PO4)2
8.AB.10FerrisickleriteLi1-x(Fex3+Fe2+1-x)PO4
8.AB.10Heterosite(Fe3+,Mn3+)PO4
8.AB.10LithiophiliteLiMn2+PO4
8.AB.10NatrophiliteNaMn2+PO4
8.AB.10Purpurite(Mn3+,Fe3+)PO4
8.AB.10SickleriteLi1-x(Mnx3+Mn2+1-x)PO4
8.AB.10SimferiteLi(Mg,Fe3+,Mn3+)2(PO4)2
8.AB.10TriphyliteLiFe2+PO4
8.AB.10KarenwebberiteNa(Fe2+,Mn2+)PO4
8.AB.15Sarcopside(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)3(PO4)2
8.AB.15Chopinite(Mg,Fe2+)3(PO4)2
8.AB.20BeusiteMn2+Mn22+ (PO4)2
8.AB.25XanthiositeNi3(AsO4)2
8.AB.30LammeriteCu3(AsO4)2
8.AB.30Lammerite-βCu3(AsO4)2
8.AB.35McbirneyiteCu3(VO4)2
8.AB.35StranskiiteZn2Cu(AsO4)2
8.AB.35PseudolyonsiteCu3(VO4)2
8.AB.40LyonsiteCu3Fe4(VO4)6
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
19.12.1MetaswitzeriteMn3(PO4)2 · 4H2O
19.12.2BermaniteMn2+Mn23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
19.12.3NatrophiliteNaMn2+PO4
19.12.4SidorenkiteNa3Mn2+(CO3)(PO4)
19.12.5Niahite(NH4)(Mn2+,Mg)(PO4) · H2O
19.12.6RobertsiteCa2Mn33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
19.12.7PararobertsiteCa2Mn33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
19.12.8SinkankasiteMn2+Al(PO3OH)2(OH) · 6H2O
19.12.9MangangordoniteMn2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.12.10Heterosite(Fe3+,Mn3+)PO4
19.12.11Purpurite(Mn3+,Fe3+)PO4
19.12.12Wolfeite(Fe2+,Mn2+)2(PO4)(OH)
19.12.13Triploidite(Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)(OH)
19.12.14LipscombiteFe2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2
19.12.15FrondeliteMn2+Fe43+(PO4)3(OH)5
19.12.16RockbridgeiteFe2+Fe43+(PO4)3(OH)5
19.12.17Kryzhanovskite(Fe3+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2(OH,H2O)3
19.12.18LandesiteMn2+3-xFex3+(PO4)2(OH)x · (3-x)H2O
19.12.19Phosphoferrite(Fe2+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O
19.12.20Reddingite(Mn2+,Fe2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O
19.12.21EarlshannoniteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
19.12.22Hureaulite(Mn,Fe)5(PO4)2(HPO4)2 · 4H2O
19.12.23Switzerite(Mn,Fe)3(PO4)2 · 7H2O
19.12.24LaueiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.12.25PseudolaueiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.12.26StrunziteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O
19.12.27StewartiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.12.28Alluaudite(Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3
19.12.29Ferroalluaudite(Na,Ca)Fe2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)3
19.12.30Fillowite{Mn2+}{Na8}{Ca4Na4}{(Mn2+,Fe2+)43}(PO4)36
19.12.31JohnsomervilleiteNa10Ca6Mg18Fe25(PO4)36
19.12.32WicksiteNaCa2(Fe2+,Mn2+)4MgFe3+(PO4)6 · 2H2O
19.12.33Dickinsonite-(KMnNa){KNa}{Mn2+◻}{Ca}{Na3}{Mn132+}{Al}(PO4)12(OH)2
19.12.34Sarcopside(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)3(PO4)2
19.12.35Ludlamite(Fe,Mn,Mg)3(PO4)2 · 4H2O
19.12.37WilhelmvierlingiteCaMnFe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O
19.12.38FairfielditeCa2(Mn2+,Fe2+)(PO4)2 · 2H2O
19.12.39BeusiteMn2+Mn22+ (PO4)2
19.12.40MesseliteCa2(Fe2+,Mn2+)(PO4)2 · 2H2O
19.12.41Jahnsite-(CaMnFe){Ca}{Mn2+}{Fe22+}{Fe23+}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.12.42Jahnsite-(CaMnMn){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mn22+}{Fe23+}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.12.43Jahnsite-(CaMnMg){Ca}{Mn2+}{(Mg,Fe2+)2}{Fe23+}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.12.44KeckiteCaMn2+Fe23+Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)3(H2O)7
19.12.45StanfielditeCa4Mg5(PO4)6
19.12.46Laubmannite(Fe2+,Mn2+,Ca)3Fe63+(PO4)4(OH)12
19.12.47ZodaciteCa4Mn2+Fe43+(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2O
19.12.48HagendorfiteNaCaMn2+Fe22+(PO4)3
19.12.49Maghagendorfite(□,Na,)(Na,Ca,Fe2+)Mn(Mg,Fe2+,Fe3+)3(PO4)3
19.12.50VaruliteNaCaMn2+Mn22+(PO4)3
19.12.51GriphiteNa4Li2Ca6(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)19Al8(PO4)24(F,OH)8
19.12.52Attakolite(Ca,Sr)Mn(Al,Fe)4(HPO4,PO4)3(SiO4,PO4)(OH)4
19.12.53Arrojadite-(KFe){KNa}{Fe2+◻}{Ca}{Na2◻}{Fe132+}{Al}(PO4)11(HPO4)(OH)2
19.12.54Lun'okite(Mn,Ca)(Mg,Fe,Mn)Al(PO4)2OH · 4H2O
19.12.55EosphoriteMn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
19.12.56Ernstite(Mn2+,Fe3+)Al(PO4)(OH,O)2 · H2O
19.12.57ChildreniteFe2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
19.12.58BobfergusoniteNa2Mn5FeAl(PO4)6
19.12.59QingheiiteNaMn3+Mg(Al,Fe3+)(PO4)3
19.12.60Whiteite-(CaFeMg){Ca}{(Fe2+,Mn2+)}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.12.61Whiteite-(CaMnMg){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.12.62Whiteite-(MnFeMg){(Mn2+,Ca)}{(Fe2+,Mn2+)}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.12.63Rittmannite{(Mn2+,Ca)}{Mn2+}{(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)2}{(Al,Fe3+)2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.12.64ZanazziiteCa2Mg5Be4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 6H2O
19.12.65Samuelsonite(Ca,Ba)Ca8Fe22+Mn22+Al2(PO4)10(OH)2

Other Names for Graftonite

Synonyms:

Repossite

Name in Other Languages:
German:Graftonit
Simplified Chinese:磷锰铁矿
Spanish:Graftonita
Varieties:

Calcian Graftonite

Other Information

Fluorescence in UV light:
Not fluorescent.
Other Information:
Readily soluble in acids.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Graftonite

Reference List:
Penfield, S. L. (1900): On graftonite, a new mineral from Grafton, New Hampshire, and its intergrowth with triphylite. The American Journal of Science., 159, 20-32

Larsen, E.S. (1921) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin 679: 81.

Berman (1927) American Mineralogist: 12: 170.

Grill (1935) Periodico de Mineralogia-Roma: 6: 19 (as Repossite).

Glass and Fahey (1937) American Mineralogist: 22: 1035.

Switzer (1937) American Mineralogist: 23: 814.

Tatarinov (1937) Micas of the U.S.S.R., Leningrad (Min. Abs. (1946): 9: 30).

Parker, de Quervain and Weber (1939) Schweizerische mineralogische und petrographische Mitteilungen, Frauenfeld: 9: 302.

Strunz (1939) Zentralblatt Mineralien: 248.

Frondel, C. (1941) American Mineralogist: 26: 145.

Lindberg (1950) American Mineralogist: 35: 59.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 686-688.

American Mineralogist (1968): 53: 742-750.

American Mineralogist 67:826 (1982) [crystal structure]

Referativnyi Zhurnal Geodeziya 6B: 258 (1985)

Tait, K. T., Hawthorne, F. C., Wise, M. A. (2013): The crystal chemistry of the graftonite-beusite minerals. Canadian Mineralogist 51, 653-662.

CNMNC Newsletter No. 36, April 2017, Mineralogical Magazine, 81, 403–409

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    • Localities for Graftonite

    This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) indicates first recorded locality for everything else. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Antarctica
     
    • Eastern Antarctica
      • Transantarctic Mts
        • Wisconsin Range
    		AmMin 84:1354-1359
    American Mineralogist, Volume 84, pages 1354–1359, 1999
    Argentina
     
    • Chubut
      • Tehuelches department
        • Nueva Lubecka
    		Abstracts of the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, volume 21, page 258, (1990)
    • San Luis
      • Coronel Pringles Department
        • Totoral pegmatitic field
    		OYARZABAL, J. and GALLISKI, M.A.. Hureaulite, Mn+25(H2O)4[PO3(OH)]2[PO4]2, from different deposits of the Totoral pegmatitic field, San Luis. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2007, vol.62, n.2, pp. 210-216.
    Australia
     
    • Queensland
      • Mount Isa City Shire
    		Costas Constantinides collection, Australian museum id
    Brooks, J.H. and Shipway C.H.,(1960) Mica Creek pegmatites, Mount Isa, North-Western Queensland. Queensland Government Mining Journal, October 20, 1960, pp5ll-522.
    • Western Australia
      • Upper Gascoyne Shire
        • Yinnietharra (Yinnietharra Station; Yinnetharra)
    		Pegmatites of Western Australia; M.I. Jacobson, M.A. Calderwood, B.A. Grguric; Hesperian Press, Perth, WA
    Austria
     
    • Lower Austria
      • Wachau
        • Spitz
          • Miesling valley
    		Brandstätter, F. und Niedermayr, G. (1988): 719. Graftonit aus dem Mieslingtal bei Spitz. Pp. 203-204 in: Niedermayr, G., Brandstätter, F., Moser, B. & Postl, W. (1988): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich XXXVII. Carinthia II, 178./98., 181-214.; R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    Brazil
     
    • Minas Gerais
      • Conselheiro Pena
    		Canadian Mlneralogist Vol. 20, pp. 87-89 (1982)
      • Galiléia
        • Laranjeiras
    		[MinRec 12:69]
    Canada
     
    • Ontario
      • Kenora District
        • Campfire Lake
    		The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 36,pp. 367-376 (1998)
    China
     
    • Guangdong Province
      • Shaoguan Prefecture
        • Wengyuan Co.
    		M. Chen and X. Xie, Eur. J. Mineral. , 1996, 8, pp. 325-333.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
        • Kutná Hora (Kuttenberg)
    		Povondra, P., Pivec, E. (eds.) et al.: Přibyslavice peraluminuous granite. Acta universitatis carolinae, Geologica, 1987, no. 3, s . 183 – 283.
      • Plzeň Region
        • Domažlice (Taus)
    		Weber, A.: Fosfáty z pegmatitů jz. Čech. Rozpravy II. třídy České akademie, 1948, roč. 58, č. 1.
        • Poběžovice (Ronsperg; Ronsberg; Ronsperk)
          • Otov
    		Čech F., Staněk J., Dávidová Š. (1981): Minerály pegmatitů. - in: Bernard J.H. [ed.]: Mineralogie Československa. Academia, Praha.
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Vysočina Region
        • Velké Meziříčí
    		Škoda, R., Staněk, J., Čopjaková, R.: Minerální asociace fosfátových nodulí z granitického pegmatitu od Cyrilova u Velkého Meziříčí, Moldanubikum; část 1 – primární a exsoluční fáze. Acta Mus. Moraviae, Sci. geol., 2007, 92, 59-74.
        • Žďár nad Sázavou
          • Dolní Bory
    		Novák, M., Johan, Z., Škoda, R., Černý, P., Šrein, V., & Veselovský, F. (2008). Primary oxide minerals in the system WO3–Nb2O5–TiO2–Fe2O3–FeO and their breakdown products from the pegmatite No. 3 at Dolní Bory-Hatě, Czech Republic. European Journal of Mineralogy, 20(4), 487-499.
    Staněk, J.: Fosfáty železa a manganu z pegmatitů v okolí Borů. Minerál, 1999, roč. 7, č. 4, s. 289-293.
    Finland
     
    • Western and Inner Finland Region
      • Alajärvi
    		Ilkka Mikkola collection
    France
     
    • Occitanie
      • Pyrénées-Orientales
    		P. Keller, F. Fontan, F. Velasco Roldan, J.C. Melgarejo i Draper : "Stanekite a new Phosphate Mineral in Pegmatites at Karibib (Namibia) and French Pyrénées (France)", European Journal of Mineralogy, 1977, 9, 475-482
          • Argelès-sur-Mer
    		Berbain, C., Favreau, G. & Aymar, J. (2005): Mines et minéraux des Pyrénées-Orientales et des Corbières, Association Française de Microminéralogie Ed., 135-137.
    BERBAIN. C, RILEY. T, FAVREAU. G, (2012). Phosphates des pegmatites du massif des Albères. Ed Association française de Microminéralogie,
          • Collioure (Cotlliure)
    		BERBAIN. C, RILEY. T, FAVREAU. G, (2012) Phosphates des pegmatites du massif des Albères. Ed Association Française de Microminéralogie
    Germany
     
    • Bavaria
      • Lower Bavaria
        • Zwiesel
          • Rabenstein
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
      • Upper Palatinate
        • Waidhaus
          • Hagendorf
    		http://www.berthold-weber.de/h_miner.htm
    Italy
     
    • Liguria
      • Savona Province
        • Maremola Valley
          • Magliolo
    		Bracco R., Marchesini M. (2016): Le quarziti a lazulite della Liguria e la scoperta della fluorcarmoite-(BaNa). Micro, 14, 2 (2-2016), 68-84.
            • Isallo
    		Bracco R., Marchesini M. (2016): Le quarziti a lazulite della Liguria e la scoperta della fluorcarmoite-(BaNa). Micro, 14, 2 (2-2016), 68-84.
    Bracco R., Marchesini M. (2016): Le quarziti a lazulite della Liguria e la scoperta della fluorcarmoite-(BaNa). Micro, 14, 2 (2-2016), 68-84.
    • Lombardy
      • Lecco Province
        • Colico
    		VIGNOLA, P., & DIELLA, V. (2007). Phosphates from Piona granitic pegmatites (Central Southern Alps, Italy). Granitic Pegmatites: the State of the Art. Book of Abstr.(T. Martins & R. Vieira, eds.). Universidade do Porto, Departamento de Geologia, Memórias, 8, 102-103.
    Banti, M., Banti, R., Sorlini, A. & Tonali, F. (2011). Il filone della Malpensata a Piona (LC). Un classico tra storia e novità. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 1/2011, 10-28; Vignola P., Fransolet A.-M., Guastoni A., Appiani R. (2011): Le pegmatiti di Piona. Recenti studi sui filoni Malpensata, Luna e Sommafiume. Riv. Mineral. Ital., 35, 1, 30-38.
        • Dervio
    		- Del Caldo, A., Moro, C., Gramaccioli, C.M., Boscardin, M. (1973): Guida ai Minerali. Fratelli Fabbri, Ed., Milano, 208 pp.; Gramaccioli, C.M., Scaini, G., Gentile, P., De Michele, V., Mannucci, G. (1992): Natura in Lombardia. I Minerali. Regione Lombardia, Ed., Milano, 223 pp.; Magistretti L. (1946): Osservazioni sui nuovi filoni pegmatitici individuati alle falde del M. Legnoncino, sopra il laghetto di Piona e in particolare sui minerali della pegmatite presso l'Alpe Sommafiume. Atti Soc. Ital. Sc. Nat., 85, 136-146; Fagnani G., Battaini C. (1948): Itinerari mineralogici. Comune di Dervio. Filone di pegmatite di Sommafiume. Natura, 39, 2, 89-93; Scaini G. (1972): Filone di pegmatite di Sommafiume. miniera Marategno in località Alpe di Sommafiume. In: Boscardin M., de Michele V., Scaini G. (eds.), Itinerari mineralogici della Lombardia. Museo Civico di Storia Naturale e Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali, Milano, 50-52; Del Caldo A., Moro C., Gramaccioli C.M., Boscardin M. (1973): Guida ai Minerali. Fratelli Fabbri Ed., Milano, 208 pp.; Gramaccioli C.M. (1975): Minerali alpini e prealpini. Istituto Italiano Edizioni Atlas, Bergamo, 2 vol., 472 pp.; Vignola P., Fransolet A.-M., Guastoni A., Appiani R. (2011): Le pegmatiti di Piona. Recenti studi sui filoni Malpensata, Luna e Sommafiume. Riv. Mineral. Ital., 35, 1, 30-38.
        • Dorio
    		Vignola et al. (2011): Complex mechanisms of alteration in a graftonite + sacropside+ triphylite association from the Luna pegmatite, Piona, Lecco Province, Italy. Canadian Mineralogist. 49, 765-776.; Scaini G. (1970): Filone pegmatitico "Luna". In: Boscardin M., De Michele V., Scaini G., 1970, Itinerari mineralogici della Lombardia. Ed. Museo Civ. St. Nat. e Soc. It. Sci. Nat., Milano, page 53.
      • Sondrio Province
        • Valchiavenna
          • Bodengo Valley
    		Guastoni, A., et al. (2007): [Title]. Mineralogical Magazine 71,579-585
    • Trentino-Alto Adige (Trentino-Südtirol)
      • Trento Province
        • Sole Valley
    		- Bertoldi G. e Boscardin M. (1989) – Crisoberillo ed altri minerali in una pegmatite della Val di Rabbi (Trentino). Riv. Mineral. Ital., 4 , pagg. 223-226.
            • Rabbi
              • Ceresè
    		- Bertoldi G. e Boscardin M. (1989) – Crisoberillo ed altri minerali in una pegmatite della Val di Rabbi (Trentino). Riv. Mineral. Ital., 4 , pagg. 223-226.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Kanto Region
        • Ibaraki Prefecture
          • Kasumigaura City
            • Chiyoda-machi
    		Matsubara, S. & Kato, A. (1980) Koubutsugaku Zasshi, 14, 269-286.
    Madagascar
     
    • Fianarantsoa Province
      • Amoron'i Mania Region
        • Ampandramaika-Malakialina Pegmatite Field
          • Ambatofinandrahana District
    		Behier, J. (1963): Carte mineralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique Madagascar. A 1871
    Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive, p 39
      • Matsiatra Region
        • Ikalamavony District
          • Fitampito Commune
            • Andanoa
    		Collection Musée National de la Geologie at Ampandrianomby in Antananarivo, Madagascar. Inventory # 21695
    • Mahajanga Province (Majunga)
      • Betsiboka Region
        • Tsaratanàna District
          • Andriamena Commune
    		Behier, J. (1963): Carte mineralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique Madagascar. A 1871
    Mexico
     
    • Chihuahua
      • Mun. de Jiménez
    		Meteoritics 28:415 (July, 1993); Olsen, E. & Fredriksson, K. (1966) Phosphates in iron and pallasite meteorites: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 30(5): 459-470. (May 1966)
    Morocco
     
    • Marrakech-Safi Region
      • Rehamna Province
        • Jebilet Mtn (Djebilet Mtn)
    		Fontan, F. (1978) : Etude minéralogique et essais expérimentaux sur les phosphates de fer et de manganèse des pegmatites des Jebilet (Maroc) et des Pyrénées (France), PhD thesis, Toulouse, 272 p.
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Sowie Mts
    		Pieczka A., Łobos K., Sachanbiński M. 2004: The first occurence of elbaite in Poland. Mineralogia Polonica, vol. 35, 3-14
      • Sudetes Mts
        • Sowie Mts
    		Łodziński M. & Sitarz M. 2008: Chemical and Spectroscopic Characterization of Some Phosphates Accessory Minerals from Pegmatites of the Sowie Mts (Owles Mts), SW Poland. EUCMOS, Spectroscopy Applied to Archaeology, Arts, Geology and Mineralogy, p. 278
    Pieczka, A., Hawthorne, F.C., Gołębiowska, B., Włodek, A., Grochowina, A. (2016): Maneckiite, ideally NaCa2Fe2+2(Fe3+Mg)Mn2(PO4)6(H2O)2, a new phosphate mineral of the wicksite supergroup from the Michałkowa pegmatite, Góry Sowie block, southwestern Poland. Mineralogical Magazine: 80: (in press
      • Świdnica District
    		Pieczka A., Golębiowska B., Skowroński A.: Ferrisicklerite and other phosphate minerals from the Lutomia pegmatite (SW Poland, Lower Silesia, Góry Sowie Mts.)
    • Upper Silesia (Śląskie)
      • Upper Silesian Coal Basin
        • Katowice area
    		Łukasz Kruszewski
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
    		Tatarinov (1937) Micas of the USSR, Leningrad [Min. Abs. (1946): 9:30]; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 688.
    • Urals Region
      • Southern Urals
        • Chelyabinsk Oblast'
    		Na- V. V. Sharygin, N. S. Karmanov and N. M. Podgornykh (2016) Fe-Phosphate Globules in Impact Metal-Troilite Associations of Chelyabinsk Meteorite. 79th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society (2016)
          • Chelyabinsk coal basin
            • Kopeisk
    		Victor Victorovich Sharygin (2016) Phosphate inclusions in cohenite from “black blocks” of the 45 mine burned dump, Kopeisk, Chelyabinsk Coal Basin
    Rwanda
     
    • Western Province
      • Gatumba District
    		Knorring von, O., 1969. A note on the phosphate mineralisation at the Buranga pegmatite, Rwanda. Bulletin du Service Géologique de Rwanda 5, 42-45.; Daltry, V.D.C. and O. von Knorring (1998) Type-Mineralogy of Rwanda with Particular Reference to the Buranga Pegmatite. Geologica Belgica 1:1-9
    Sahara Desert
     
    V. V. Sharygin, N. S. Karmanov and N. M. Podgornykh (2016) Na-Fe-Phosphate Globules in Impact Metal-Troilite Associations of Chelyabinsk Meteorite. 79th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society (2016)
    South Africa
     
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Namakwa District (Namaqualand)
        • Aggeneys
    		Mineralogical Magazine 66(6):915-927 (2002)
    Spain
     
    • Andalusia
      • Córdoba
        • Hornachuelos
    		Calvo B., Gonzalez del Tanago Chanrai J.,Gonzalez del Tanago y del Rio J., (1991), "Los minerales y la mineria de la Sierra Albarrana y su entorno", ENRESA. Madrid, 203 pp
    • Castile and Leon
      • Salamanca
        • Garcirrey
    		American Mineralogist 89:110-125 (2004); Encarnación Roda-Robles, Alfonso Pesquera (2007) Locality no. 4: The Phosphates-Rich Cañada Pegmatite (Aldehuela de La Bóveda, Salamanca, Spain) in ALEXANDRE LIMA & ENCARNACIÓN RODA ROBLES ed (2007) GRANITIC PEGMATITES: THE STATE OF THE ART - FIELD TRIP GUIDEBOOK. MEMÓRIAS N. º 9, UNIV. DO PORTO, FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS, DEPARTAMENTO DE GEOLOGIA pp 67-72.
    Encarnación Roda-Robles, Alfonso Pesquera (2007) Locality no. 3: Lepidolite-spodumene-rich and cassiterite-rich pegmatites from the Feli open-pit, (La Fregeneda, Salamanca, Spain) in ALEXANDRE LIMA & ENCARNACIÓN RODA ROBLES ed (2007) GRANITIC PEGMATITES: THE STATE OF THE ART - FIELD TRIP GUIDEBOOK. MEMÓRIAS N. º 9, UNIV. DO PORTO, FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS, DEPARTAMENTO DE GEOLOGIA pp 55-64
    • Catalonia
      • Girona (Gerona)
        • Alt Empordà
          • Cadaqués
    		Bareche, E. (2005) "Els minerals de Catalunya. Segle XX" Ed. Museu Mollfulleda de Mineralogia - Grup Mineralògic Català, 269 p.
    Sweden
     
    • Ångermanland
      • Örnsköldsvik
    		Smeds, S-A., Uher, P., Cerny, P., Wise, M.A., Gustafsson, L. & Penner, P. (1998): Graftonite-beusite in Sweden: primary phases, products of exsolution, and distribution in zoned populations of granitic pegmatites. Canadian Mineralogist. 36, 377-394.
      • Sollefteå
    		Smeds, S-A., Uher, P., Cerny, P., Wise, M.A., Gustafsson, L. & Penner, P. (1998): Graftonite-beusite in Sweden: primary phases, products of exsolution, and distribution in zoned populations of granitic pegmatites. Canadian Mineralogist. 36, 377-394.
    Smeds, S-A., Uher, P., Cerny, P., Wise, M.A., Gustafsson, L. & Penner, P. (1998): Graftonite-beusite in Sweden: primary phases, products of exsolution, and distribution in zoned populations of granitic pegmatites. Canadian Mineralogist. 36, 377-394.
    • Jämtland
      • Bräcke
    		Smeds, S-A., Uher, P., Cerny, P., Wise, M.A., Gustafsson, L. & Penner, P. (1998): Graftonite-beusite in Sweden: primary phases, products of exsolution, and distribution in zoned populations of granitic pegmatites. Canadian Mineralogist. 36, 377-394.
    • Södermanland
      • Haninge
    		Canadian Mineralogist (1998) 36 (2), 377-394
        • Utö
    		Smeds, S-A., Uher, P., Cerny, P., Wise, M.A., Gustafsson, L. & Penner, P. (1998): Graftonite-beusite in Sweden: primary phases, products of exsolution, and distribution in zoned populations of granitic pegmatites. Canadian Mineralogist. 36, 377-394.
      • Nynäshamn
        • Norrö
    		Gustafsson, Lars & Otter, Bertil (1991): Mineralförekomster i Stockholmstrakten.Del 2. STEIN 18(4),4-12
    Smeds, S-A., Uher, P., Cerny, P., Wise, M.A., Gustafsson, L. & Penner, P. (1998): Graftonite-beusite in Sweden: primary phases, products of exsolution, and distribution in zoned populations of granitic pegmatites. Canadian Mineralogist. 36, 377-394.
      • Stockholm
    		Smeds, S-A., Uher, P., Cerny, P., Wise, M.A., Gustafsson, L. & Penner, P. (1998): Graftonite-beusite in Sweden: primary phases, products of exsolution, and distribution in zoned populations of granitic pegmatites. Canadian Mineralogist. 36, 377-394.
    Switzerland
     
    • Ticino (Tessin)
      • Lago Maggiore
    		Vignola, P., Diella, V., Oppizzi, P., Tiepolo, M. & Weiss, S. (2008): Phosphate assemblages from the Brissago granitic pegmatite, Western Southern Alps, Switzerland. Can. Mineral. 46, 635-650.
    http://www.minsocam.org/ammin/AM35/AM35_59.pdf
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 688; Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Verlag Wepf & Co. (Basel), p. 45
    Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 196.
    UK
     
    • Scotland
      • North West Highlands
    		Mineralogical Magazine (1980): 43: 833-836. Livingstone, A. and MacPherson, H.G. (1983) Fifth supplementary list of British minerals (Scottish). Mineralogical Magazine, vol. 47, n° 342, p. 99-105.
    USA
     
    • Arkansas
      • Independence Co.
    		Meteoritics 28:415 (July, 1993)
    • Colorado
      • Larimer Co.
        • Crystal Mountain Pegmatite District (Storm Mountain District)
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
          • Storm Mountain
    		Rocks & Min.: 62: 234.
        • Purple Haze and Rainbows End claims
    		Mineralogical Record 22:382
    • Connecticut
      • Middlesex Co.
        • Haddam
          • Haddam Neck
    		Schooner, Richard. (circa 1980s), Untitled manuscript on central Connecticut mineralogy.
    • Maine
      • Oxford Co.
        • Greenwood
    		"Maine Mineral Localities, 3rd Ed." by Thompson, W.B., et.al., 1998
    • New Hampshire
      • Cheshire Co.
        • Alstead
    		Januzzi, R.E. and Seaman, David M. (1976) Mineral Localities Of Connecticut and Southern New York State and Pegmatite Minerals of the World.
    Harvard Museum of Natural History, no.130841
    Peacor and Garske (1964): Sarcopside From Deering and East Alstead, New Hampshire (American Mineralogist: 49:1149-1150) ; American Mineralogist 50:1698–1707
      • Grafton Co.
        • Alexandria
    		Rocks & Minerals (2005) 80:242-261 New Hampshire Mineral Locality Index
        • Grafton
    		Mineralogical Record (1973) 4:103-130; USGS Prof Paper 255
    Penfield, S. L. (1900): On graftonite, a new mineral from Grafton, New Hampshire, and its intergrowth with triphylite. The American Journal of Science. 159, 20-32; Catalogue of Type Mineral Specimens; Comm. on Museums (IMA).
    Morrill. P., 1960, New Hampshire Mines and Mineral Localities.; Rocks & Minerals (2005) 80:242-261 New Hampshire Mineral Locality Index; Mineralogical Record (1973) 4:103-130
        • Groton
    		Rocks & Min.:65:359.
    Meyers & Stewart (1956) Geology of NH, Part 3:Minerals & Mines
    No reference listed
    Cameron, et. al. 1954. Pegmatite Investigations 1942-45 New England.; Rocks & Minerals (2005) 80:242-261 New Hampshire Mineral Locality Index
    Mineralogical Record (1973) 4:103-130
    Mineralogical Record (1973) 4:103-130; USGS Prof Paper 255
    Rocks & Minerals: 16: 208-211; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 687.; Mineralogical Record (1973) 4:103-130; USGS Prof Paper 255; USGS Prof Paper 353
    Whitmore, R.W. and Lawrence, R.C., Jr. (2004): The Pegmatite Mines Known As Palermo.
    Rocks & Min., May 1999.
    USGS Prof Paper 255
    USGS Prof Paper 255
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 687.; Rocks & Minerals (2005) 80:242-261 New Hampshire Mineral Locality Index
    Cameron, et. al. 1954. Pegmatite Investigations 1942-45 New England.
    Mineralogical Record (1973) 4:103-130; USGS Prof Paper 255
    Rocks & Minerals (2005) 80:242-261 New Hampshire Mineral Locality Index
        • Orange
    		Rocks & Minerals (2005) 80:242-261 New Hampshire Mineral Locality Index; Mineralogical Record (1973) 4:103-130
    USGS Prof Paper 255
        • Rumney
    		Mineralogical Record (1973) 4:103-130; USGS Prof Paper 255
      • Hillsborough Co.
        • Deering
    		Rocks & Min. 80:256 (2005); Peacor and Garske (1964): Sarcopside From Deering and East Alstead, New Hampshire (American Mineralogist: 49:1149-1150); Rocks & Minerals (2005) 80:242-261 New Hampshire Mineral Locality Index; Mineralogical Record (1973) 4:103-130
      • Strafford Co.
        • Strafford
          • Parker Mountain
    		Rocks & Min.:64:504; Switzer, The Paragenesis of the Center Strafford NH Pegmatite (AmMin 23:811); Rocks & Minerals 80:4 pp234-241; USGS Prof Paper 255; American Mineralogist 23:811
      • Sullivan Co.
        • Acworth
    		Meyers & Stewart (1956). The Geology of NH: Part III Minerals and Mines. p.32
        • Claremont
    		Rocks & Minerals (2005) 80:242-261 New Hampshire Mineral Locality Index; Mineralogical Record (1973) 4:103-130; USGS Prof Paper 255
        • Newport
    		Rocks & Minerals (2005) 80:242-261 New Hampshire Mineral Locality Index
        • Springfield
    		Morrill, 1960. NH Mines and Mineral Localities.; Mineralogical Record (1973) 4:103-130
    • New Mexico
      • Cibola Co.
        • Zuni Mts
          • Zuni Mountains District
    		American Mineralogist, Volume 76, pages 1985-1989, 1991
    • South Dakota
      • Custer Co.
        • Custer District
          • Berne
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169; USGS Prof Paper 297F
          • Custer
    		Rocks & Min.:60:117.; Am Min (1969), 54:969-972
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
      • Pennington Co.
        • Keystone District
          • Keystone
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 680, 687; Januzzi, R.E. and Seaman, David M. (1976) Mineral Localities Of Connecticut and Southern New York State and Pegmatite Minerals of the World.
    Zimbabwe
     
    • Mashonaland West
      • Karoi District (Urungwe; Hurungwe District)
    		Gallagher, M.J. (1967): Phosphates and other minerals in pegmatites of Rhodesia and Uganda. Mineralogical Magazine. 36, 50-59
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