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Gustavite

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Gustavite, etc.

Clara Mine, Rankach valley, Oberwolfach, Wolfach, Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Gustavite

Arsenic mine, Lower Rotgülden lake, Rotgülden, Murwinkel, Lungau, Salzburg, Austria
Gustavite, etc.

Arsenic mine, Lower Rotgülden lake, Rotgülden, Murwinkel, Lungau, Salzburg, Austria
Gustavite, etc.

Clara Mine, Rankach valley, Oberwolfach, Wolfach, Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Gustavite

Arsenic mine, Lower Rotgülden lake, Rotgülden, Murwinkel, Lungau, Salzburg, Austria
Gustavite, etc.

Arsenic mine, Lower Rotgülden lake, Rotgülden, Murwinkel, Lungau, Salzburg, Austria
Gustavite, etc.

Clara Mine, Rankach valley, Oberwolfach, Wolfach, Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Gustavite

Arsenic mine, Lower Rotgülden lake, Rotgülden, Murwinkel, Lungau, Salzburg, Austria
Formula:
AgPbBi3S6
System:
Orthorhombic
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
3½
Name:
For Gustav Adolf Hageman, chemical engineer for the Cryolite Firm (Ivigtut, Greenland)
Isostructural with:
Terrywallaceite
Gustavite-Lillianite Series.

Natural gustavite appears to be monoclinic (Harris & Chen, 1975; Makovicky & Karup-Møller, 1977) due to Ag-Bi ordering, while synthetic gustavite was found to be orthorhombic (Bente et al., 1993).
An Sb-rich, monoclinic gustavite has been characterised by Pazout & Dusek (2009); it may be a new species.

An apparent Se analogue was reported (Unnamed (Ag-Pb-Bi Selenide)).



Classification of Gustavite

IMA status:
Approved
Approval Year:
1967
Strunz 8th ed.:
2/E.31-90
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:
2.JB.40a

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
J : Sulfosalts of PbS archetype
B : Galena derivatives, with Pb
Dana 8th ed.:
3.4.15.3

3 : SULFOSALTS
4 : ø = 3
Hey's CIM Ref.:
5.7.36

5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
7 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb and other metals

Physical Properties of Gustavite

Lustre:
Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):
Opaque
Hardness (Mohs):
3½
Hardness (Vickers):
VHN100=175 - 218 kg/mm2
Cleavage:
Imperfect/Fair
Rare, parallel to tabular faces, rarer perpendicular to tabular faces
Density:
7.01 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Gustavite

Type:
Anisotropic
Anisotropism:
Weak in air, distinct in oil bluish black to grayish white
Colour in reflected light:
Bluish black to greyish-white
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
White to Grey

Chemical Properties of Gustavite

Formula:
AgPbBi3S6
Elements listed in formula:
Ag, Bi, Pb, S - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Sb

Crystallography of Gustavite

Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Cell Parameters:
a = 13.54 Å, b = 19.44 Å, c = 4.1 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.697 : 1 : 0.211
Unit Cell Volume:
V 1,079.19 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Tabular crystals, sometimes bent.

Comment:
Data for synthetic gustavite. Type material appears to be monoclinic, with P21/c cell with a = 7.077 (7) Å, b = 19.566 (12) Å, c = 8.272 (8) Å and beta = 107.18 (9)° (Harris & Chen, 1975). Makovicky & Topa (2011) give, for a crystal from Rotgülden, the following unit-cell parameters (space group P21/c): a = 7.0567(14), b = 19.6905(39), c = 8.2219(16) Å, beta = 106.961(3)°, V = 1092.7(2) Å3.

Occurrences of Gustavite

Type Occurrence of Gustavite

Type Locality:
Ivigtut Cryolite deposit, Ivittuut (Ivigtut), Arsuk Fjord, Sermersooq, Greenland

Relationship of Gustavite to other Species

Series:
Forms a series with Lillianite (see here)
Member of:
Lillianite Homologous Series Group
Other Members of Group:
Andorite IVPb18Ag15Sb47S96
Andorite VIAgPbSb3S6
AndreadiniiteCuHgAg7Pb7Sb24S48
ArsenquatrandoriteAg17.6Pb12.8Sb38.1As11.5S96
AschamalmitePb6Bi2S9
EskimoiteAg7Pb10Bi15S36
FizélyiteAg5Pb14Sb21S48
HeyrovskýitePb6Bi2S9
JasrouxiteAg16Pb4(Sb24As16)S72
LillianitePb3-2xAgxBi2+xS6
OurayiteAg3Pb4Bi5S13
RamdohritePb5.9Fe0.1Mn0.1In0.1Cd0.2Ag2.8Sb10.8S24
RoshchiniteAg19Pb10Sb51S96
SchirmeritePbAgBi3S6 - Pb3Ag1.5Bi3.5S9
TreasuriteAg7Pb6Bi15S32
UchucchacuaiteAgMnPb3Sb5S12
UstarasitePb(Bi,Sb)6S10 (?)
VikingiteAg5Pb8Bi13S30
XilingolitePb3Bi2S6
Common Associates:
Aikinite
Arsenopyrite
Benjaminite
Bismuth
Bismuthinite
Chalcopyrite
Cosalite
Pavonite
Pyrrhotite
Stannite
Tetrahedrite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
2.JB.Andorite VIAgPbSb3S6
2.JB.05DiaphoriteAg3Pb2Sb3S8
2.JB.10CosalitePb2Bi2S5
2.JB.15FreieslebeniteAgPbSbS3
2.JB.15MarriteAgPbAsS3
2.JB.20CannizzaritePb4Bi6S13
2.JB.20WittitePb9Bi12(S,Se)27
2.JB.25aJunoiteCu2Pb3Bi8(S,Se)16
2.JB.25iNeyiteAg2Cu6Pb25Bi26S68
2.JB.25cNordströmiteCuPb3Bi7(Se4S10)
2.JB.25gNuffielditeCu1.4Pb2.4Bi2.4Sb0.2S7
2.JB.25dProuditeCuPb7.5Bi9.33(S,Se)22
2.JB.25hWeibullitePb5Bi8Se7S11
2.JB.25bFelbertaliteCu2Pb6Bi8S19
2.JB.25jRouxeliteCu2HgPb23Sb27S65.5
2.JB.25fÁngelaiteCu2AgPbBiS4
2.JB.25iCuproneyiteCu7Pb27Bi25S68
2.JB.30aGeocronitePb14(Sb,As)6S23
2.JB.30aJordanitePb14(As,Sb)6S23
2.JB.30bKirkiitePb10Bi3As3S19
2.JB.30cTsugaruitePb4As2S7
2.JB.35cPillaitePb9Sb10S23ClO0.5
2.JB.35aZinkenitePb9Sb22S42
2.JB.35bScainiitePb14Sb30S54O5
2.JB.35dPellouxite(Cu,Ag)Pb10Sb12S27O(Cl,S)0.6
2.JB.35fTubuliteAg2Pb22Sb20S53
2.JB.35eChovanitePb15-2xSb14+2xS36Ox (x ~ 0.2)
2.JB.40bAschamalmitePb6Bi2S9
2.JB.40aBursaitePb5Bi4S11 (?)
2.JB.40bEskimoiteAg7Pb10Bi15S36
2.JB.40aFizélyiteAg5Pb14Sb21S48
2.JB.40aLillianitePb3-2xAgxBi2+xS6
2.JB.40cOurayiteAg3Pb4Bi5S13
2.JB.40aRamdohritePb5.9Fe0.1Mn0.1In0.1Cd0.2Ag2.8Sb10.8S24
2.JB.40aRoshchiniteAg19Pb10Sb51S96
2.JB.40dSchirmeritePbAgBi3S6 - Pb3Ag1.5Bi3.5S9
2.JB.40aTreasuriteAg7Pb6Bi15S32
2.JB.40aUchucchacuaiteAgMnPb3Sb5S12
2.JB.40eUstarasitePb(Bi,Sb)6S10 (?)
2.JB.40aVikingiteAg5Pb8Bi13S30
2.JB.40aXilingolitePb3Bi2S6
2.JB.40bHeyrovskýitePb6Bi2S9
2.JB.40UM1988-05-S:AgBiCuHgPb(Hg,Ag,Cu,Pb)5Pb5Bi11S27
2.JB.40UM1988-06-S:AgBiCuHgPb(Pb,Hg)12(Cu,Ag)3(Bi,Sb)10(S,Te)27
2.JB.40aAndorite IVPb18Ag15Sb47S96
2.JB.55GratonitePb9As4S15
2.JB.60MarrucciiteHg3Pb16Sb18S46
2.JB.65VurroitePb20Sn2(Bi,As)22S54Cl6
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
5.7.1SeligmannitePbCuAsS3
5.7.2BournonitePbCuSbS3
5.7.3MeneghinitePb13CuSb7S24
5.7.4GladitePbCuBi5S9
5.7.5LindströmitePb3Cu3Bi7S15
5.7.6KrupkaitePbCuBi3S6
5.7.7HammaritePb2Cu2Bi4S9
5.7.8FriedrichitePb5Cu5Bi7S18
5.7.9AikinitePbCuBiS3
5.7.10NuffielditeCu1.4Pb2.4Bi2.4Sb0.2S7
5.7.11JaskólskiiteCuxPb2+x(Sb,Bi)2-xS5 (x ~ 0.15)
5.7.12TintinaitePb22Cu4(Sb,Bi)30S69
5.7.13KobellitePb22Cu4(Bi,Sb)30S69
5.7.14ProuditeCuPb7.5Bi9.33(S,Se)22
5.7.15NordströmiteCuPb3Bi7(Se4S10)
5.7.16WatkinsoniteCu2PbBi4(Se,S,Te)8
5.7.17PekoitePbCuBi11(S,Se)18
5.7.18PetroviciteCu3HgPbBiSe5
5.7.19Eclarite(Cu,Fe)Pb9Bi12S28
5.7.20MarriteAgPbAsS3
5.7.21ArgentobaumhaueriteAg1.5Pb22As33.5S72
5.7.22AndoriteAgPbSb3S6
5.7.23RamdohritePb5.9Fe0.1Mn0.1In0.1Cd0.2Ag2.8Sb10.8S24
5.7.24RoshchiniteAg19Pb10Sb51S96
5.7.25OurayiteAg3Pb4Bi5S13
5.7.26EskimoiteAg7Pb10Bi15S36
5.7.27FizélyiteAg5Pb14Sb21S48
5.7.28OwyheeiteAg3+xPb10-2xSb11+xS28, -0.13 < x > +0.20
5.7.29FreieslebeniteAgPbSbS3
5.7.30DiaphoriteAg3Pb2Sb3S8
5.7.31SterryiteCu(Ag,Cu)3Pb19(Sb,As)22(As-As)S56
5.7.32VikingiteAg5Pb8Bi13S30
5.7.33ZoubekiteAgPb4Sb4S10
5.7.34SchirmeritePbAgBi3S6 - Pb3Ag1.5Bi3.5S9
5.7.37KitaibeliteAg10PbBi30S51
5.7.38TreasuriteAg7Pb6Bi15S32
5.7.39BenjaminiteAg3Bi7S12
5.7.40Lengenbachite Ag4Cu2Pb18As12S39
5.7.41BerryiteCu3Ag2Pb3Bi7S16
5.7.42NeyiteAg2Cu6Pb25Bi26S68
5.7.43Larosite(Cu,Ag)21(Pb,Bi)2S13
5.7.44CupropavoniteCu0.9Ag0.5Pb0.6Bi2.5S5
5.7.45PadĕraiteCu7[(Cu,Ag)0.33Pb1.33Bi11.33]S22
5.7.46RayitePb8(Ag,Tl)2Sb8S21
5.7.47RathiteAg2Pb12-xTlx/2As18+x/2S40
5.7.48HatchiteAgTlPbAs2S5

Other Names for Gustavite

Synonyms:

IMA1967-048

Name in Other Languages:
German:Gustavit
Simplified Chinese:辉铋银铅矿
Spanish:Gustavita
Traditional Chinese:輝鉍銀鉛礦

Other Information

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Gustavite

Reference List:
American Mineralogist (1971): 56: 633.

Canadian Mineralogist (1975): 13: 411-414.

Makovicky, E. and Karup-Møller, S. (1977): Chemistry and crystallography of the lillianite homologous series. II. Definition of new minerals eskimoite, vikingite, ourayite and treasurite. Redefinition of schirmerite and new data on the lillianite-gustavite solid-solution series. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen: 131: 56-82.

Chang, L. L. Y.; Wu, D.; Knowles, C. R. (1988): Phase relations in the system Ag2S-Cu2S-PbS-Bi2S3. Economic Geology 83, 405-418.

Bente, K., Engel, M. & Steins, M. (1993): Crystal structure of lead silver tribismuth sulfide, PbAgBi3S6. Z. Kristallogr. 205, 327-328. [Synth. orthorhombic gustavite with statistical distribution of Ag and Bi (natural gustavite shows Ag-Bi disorder)]

Sureda, Ricardo; Lira, Raul; Colombo, Fernando (2006): Gustavite, PbAgBi3S6 [P21/c], with the bismuth and silver minerals at Los Guindos mining group, Pampa de Olaen, Cordoba, Argentina (3111'S/6433'W). Revista Geologica de Chile 33, 141-160.

Pazout, R. & Dusek, M. (2009): Natural monoclinic AgPb(Bi2Sb)3S6, an Sb-rich gustavite. Acta Crystallographica, C65, i77-i80.

Emil Makovicky & Dan Topa (2011): The crystal structure of gustavite, PbAgBi3S6. Analysis of twinning and polytypism using the OD approach. European Journal of Mineralogy 23, 537-550.

Internet Links for Gustavite

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    • Localities for Gustavite

    This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) indicates first recorded locality for everything else. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • Córdoba
      • Punilla Department
        • Pampa de Olaen
    		Sureda, R., Lira, R., & Colombo, F. (2010). Gustavite, PbAgBi3S6-P21/c, with the bismuth and silver minerals at Los Guindos mining group, Pampa de Olaen, Córdoba, Argentina (31° 11'S/64° 33'W). Andean Geology, 33(1).
    • Salta
      • Los Andes department
        • San Antonio de los Cobres
          • Organullo mining district
    		DE BRODTKORB, Milka K. Precious metaltellurides and other Te-bearing minerals in different paragenesis of Argentina: A review. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2009, vol.64, n.3, pp. 365-372.
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Hohe Tauern
        • Goldberg group
          • Innerfragant
            • Wurten
    		Paar, W.H., and Niedermayr, G. (1998): Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft 143, 425-435.
    Paar, W.H., and Niedermayr, G. (1998): Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft 143, 425-435.
          • Kleine Fleiß valley
            • Zirmsee area
    		Bergbau in Westkärnten
          • Zirknitz
            • Große Zirknitz valley
    		Bergbau in Westkärnten
    G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995; Bergbau in Westkärnten
        • Hafner group
          • Pölla valley
            • Lanisch
    		G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995; Pichler, A. (2009): Bergbau in Westkärnten. Eine Bestandsaufnahme der noch sichtbaren Merkmale der historischen Bergbaue in Westkärnten. - Carinthia II, 63. Sh., 416 S., Klagenfurt
    PICHLER, A. (2009): Bergbau in Westkärnten. Eine Bestandsaufnahme der noch sichtbaren Merkmale der historischen Bergbaue in Westkärnten. p.88, 92-94
    Horner, J., Neubauer, F., Paar, W.H., Hansmann, W., Koeppel, V., and Robl, K. (1997): Mineralium Deposita 32, 555-568.
    • Salzburg
      • Hohe Tauern
        • Felben valley
          • Scheelite deposit
    		Kolitsch, U. (2009): 1585) Gustavit und andere Pb-Bi-Sulfosalze vom Westfeld des Scheelitbergbaues Felbertal, Salzburg. P. 207 in: Niedermayr, G. et al. (2009): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LVIII. Carinthia II, 199/119, 189-236.
        • Gastein valley
          • Siglitz - Bockhart area
            • Siglitz - Bockhart Gold Mining District
    		PUTZ, H. (2010): Neufunde aus Salzburger Erzlagerstätten. Mineralogisches Archiv Salzburg, 13, 275-277.
        • Rauris valley
          • Hüttwinkl valley
            • Alteck - Hoher Sonnblick area
              • Hoher Sonnblick
    		Gerhard Feitzinger & Albert Strasser (1995): Au-Ag-Pb-Bi-Te-Vererzung vom Rojacherbau am Sonnblick. Mineralogisches Archiv Salzburg, 5, 100-101.
        • Untersulzbach valley
    		Lewandowski, K., Lerch, H. & Seemann, R. (2006): Chronik - Schaubergwerk Hochfeld "Bergbau im Untersulzbachtal – Eine fast vergessene Welt" Die 500-jährige Geschichte des Kupferbergbaus am Hochfeld im Untersulzbachtal. Zukunftskollegium Nationalpark Hohe Tauern, Neukirchen a. G., 288 pp.
      • Lungau
        • Murwinkel
          • Rotgülden
    		Horner, J., Neubauer, F., Paar, W.H., Hansmann, W., Koeppel, V., and Robl, K. (1997): Mineralium Deposita 32, 555-568.
            • Lower Rotgülden lake
    		W.H. Paar, J. Weidinger, R. Mrazek, H. Heiss: Lapis 18(5):13-28 (1993)
    A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989); Strasser (2000); Putz, H. (2011): Neuigkeiten zur Landesmineralogie von Salzburg. Miner. Arch. Salzb., 14, 304-308 (p. 304: Galenobismutit, Bismuthinit, Krupkait und ged. Wismut aus dem Wasserüberleitungs-Stollen Rotgüldensee-Sticklerhütte, Lungau).
    Horner, J., Neubauer, F., Paar, W.H., Hansmann, W., Koeppel, V., and Robl, K. (1997): Mineralium Deposita 32, 555-568.
    Horner, J., Neubauer, F., Paar, W.H., Hansmann, W., Koeppel, V., and Robl, K. (1997): Mineralium Deposita 32, 555-568.
    • Tyrol
      • North Tyrol
        • Zillertal
          • Zemmgrund
    		matrixx 4, p.9-16
    Canada
     
    • Manitoba
      • Lac-du-Bonnet area
        • Bernic Lake
    		Handbook of Mineralogy; Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 16, pp, 625-640 (1978); D. C. Harris (1975) Canadian Mineralogist 13:411-414
    • Northwest Territories
      • Camsell River area
    		Handbook of Mineralogy; D. C. Harris (1975) Canadian Mineralogist 13:411-414
    • Nova Scotia
      • Cape Breton Co.
        • Gabarus Bay
    		Dennis, Frank A. R., "Petrology and Mineraliation of the Deep Cove Pluton, Gabarus Bay, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia", M.Sc. Thesis, Acadia University, September 1987.
    • Québec
      • Abitibi-Témiscamingue
        • Abitibi RCM
          • La Motte
    		Canadian Museum of Nature specimens XRD confirmed
    China
     
    • Anhui Province
      • Tongling Prefecture
        • Shizishan ore field
    		Yunsheng Ren, Liandeng Liu, Jiwu Zhang, and Guohua Chen (2005): Gold 26(5), 9-12
    • Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
      • Guilin Prefecture
        • Guanyang Co.
          • Dupangling Sn ore field
    		Xianwu Zou, Sen Cui, Wenjun Qu, Yunshan Bai, Xiqing Chen (2009): Geology in China 36(4), 837-844
      • Hechi Prefecture
        • Nandan Co.
          • Dachang Sn-polymetallic ore field
    		Xilin Li (1990): Chinese Journal of Geochemistry 9(4), 378-384; Yingchen Ren (1999): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 14(1), 1-12, 38
    Jiuling Li, Guilan Zhang, and Feng Zuo (1998): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 18(2), 119-125.
    • Hunan Province
      • Chenzhou Prefecture
        • Yizhang Co.
          • Yaogangxian W-Sn ore field
    		Yingchen Ren (1999): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 14(1), 1-12, 38; Bosheng Zhou, Guohua Zhang, Shuqing Gong, and Yousheng Zeng (2002): Geophysical & Geochemical Exploration 26(6), 436-438
    • Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
      • Hulunbuir League (Hulunbei'er Prefecture)
        • New Barag Right Banner (Xin Barag Youqi)
          • Jiawula Ag-polymetallic ore field
    		Zhicheng Lu, Peiping Zhang, Guozheng Duan, Libo Hao, and Dianchao Li (2002): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 22(1), 75-80
      • Ulanhad League (Chifeng Prefecture)
        • Bairin Left Banner (Balin Zuoqi)
    		Dequan Zhang, Yunfen Lei, Taiyang Luo, Xiupo Bao, and Shengli Wang (1991): Mineral Deposits 10(3), 204-216
        • Linxi Co.
    		Zhicheng Lu, Peiping Zhang, Guozheng Duan, Libo Hao, and Dianchao Li (2002): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 22(1), 75-80
    • Jiangxi Province
      • Ganzhou Prefecture
        • Dayu Co.
          • Xihuashan ore field
    		Zhenru Zhang, Xianchang Luo, Rongmei Chen, Xingzhen Yu, Sixue Yang, Yingchen Ren, Jiuwu Zeng, and Weijun Sun (1987): Geology and Prospecting 23(6), 38-40
    Zhenru Zhang, Xianchang Luo, Rongmei Chen, Xingzhen Yu, Sixue Yang, Yingchen Ren, Jiuwu Zeng, and Weijun Sun (1987): Geology and Prospecting 23(6), 38-40
        • Gan Co.
    		Zhenru Zhang, Xianchang Luo, Rongmei Chen, Xingzhen Yu, Sixue Yang, Yingchen Ren, Jiuwu Zeng, and Weijun Sun (1987): Geology and Prospecting 23(6), 38-40
        • Xingguo Co.
    		Zhenru Zhang, Xianchang Luo, Rongmei Chen, Xingzhen Yu, Sixue Yang, Yingchen Ren, Jiuwu Zeng, and Weijun Sun (1987): Geology and Prospecting 23(6), 38-40
        • Yudu Co.
    		Yingchen Ren (1999): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 14(1), 1-12, 38
    • Shaanxi Province
      • Weinan Prefecture
        • Tongguan Co.
    		Enkui Cao (1991): Geology Laboratory 7(5), 300-307
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
    		Pazout, R. & Dusek, M. (2009): Natural monoclinic AgPb(Bi2Sb)3S6, an Sb-rich gustavite. Acta Crystallografica, C65, i77-i80.
    Dobešová, B. (2012). Halda Kaňk: hydrogeochemie pórových vod. Masters Thesis MASARYKOVA UNIVERZITA
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Aš (Asch)
    		Breiter K., Škoda R., Veselovský F.: Neobvyklý P-, Li- a Sn-bohatý pegmatit z Vernéřova u Aše, Česká republika. Bulletin Mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 2009, roč. 17, č. 1, s. 41-59.
    Finland
     
    • Western and Inner Finland Region
      • Jyväskylä
    		Hietanen, Sini (2015) Keski-Suomen granitoidikomplekssin malmiviitteet Hiekkapohjan alueella. Pro gradu-tutkielm, Kaivannaistiedekunta, Oulun Yliopisto 2015.
    France
     
    • Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
      • Haute-Loire
        • Langeac
          • Barlet
    		P.G. Pélisson : "Etude Minéralogique et Métallogénique du District Filonien Polytype de Paulhaguet (Haute-Loire, Massif Central Français)", Doctorate Thesis, Orléans, France, 1989
    • Occitanie
      • Lozère
        • Marvejols
          • Gabrias
    		[Inventaire Minéralogique de la France numero 14 ( Lozère ) éditions BRGM 1989]
    • Pays de la Loire
      • Loire-Atlantique
        • Bouguenais
          • La Roche-Ballue
    		Y. Moëlo et al. : "Homologues de la lillianite (gustavite, vikingite, heyrovskyite riche en Ag et Bi, ...) de l'indice à W-As-(Pb, Bi, Ag) de la Roche-Balue (Loire-Atlantique, France)", Bull. Minéral., 1987, 110, pp 43-64.
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Gengenbach
          • Haigerach valley
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
        • Schapbach
          • Wildschapbach valley
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
    J. Gröbner: Neufunde von der Grube Katharina im Wildschapbach, Der Erzgräber 18 (2/2004), 34-37.
        • Wolfach
          • Oberwolfach
            • Rankach valley
    		Walenta, K. (1992): Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, 336 pp. (in German); Blaß, G. & Graf, H. W. (1997): Neufunde von bekannten Fundorten (19. Folge). - Mineralien-Welt, 8 (5), 32-36; WALENTA, K. (1993): Neue Mineralfunde von der Grube Clara (5. Folge). - Lapis 18 (1), 16-23.
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Siegerland
        • Eiserfeld
          • Kohlenbach Valley
    		Henrich, M. (2009): Mineralien-Welt 20 (5), 14-27.
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Freiberg District
          • Naundorf
    		Grütze, T. (2006): Rauchquarz und Kugelpyrite aus dem Steinbruch Naundorf bei Freiberg/Sachsen. Lapis 31 (12), 16-19.
      • Oberlausitz
        • Görlitz
          • Königshain
    		Witzke, T. & Giesler, T. (2013): Eine Seltenerd- und Niob-Tantal-Mineralisation aus dem Königshainer Granit in der Lausitz, Sachsen.- Mineralien-Welt 24(1), 36-45
    Greece
     
    • Macedonia Department
      • Chalkidiki Prefecture
    		Voudouris, P. C., Spry, P. G., Mavrogonatos, C., Sakellaris, G. A., Bristol, S. K., Melfos, V., & Fornadel, A. P. (2013). Bismuthinite derivatives, lillianite homologues, and bismuth sulfotellurides as indicators of gold mineralization in the Stanos shear-zone related deposit, Chalkidiki, Northern Greece. The Canadian Mineralogist, 51(1), 119-142.
    Greenland (TL)
     
    • Sermersooq
      • Arsuk Fjord
        • Ivittuut (Ivigtut)
    		Canadian Mineralogist(1970) 10, 173-190; Karup-Møller S. (1973) A gustavite-cosalite-galena-bearing mineral suite from the cryolite deposit at Ivigtut, south Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland: 195(5); Karup-Møller, S. (1977). Mineralogy of some Ag-(Cu)-Pb-Bi sulphide associations. Bulletin Geological Society Denmark, 26, 41-68.
    Italy
     
    • Sardinia
      • Carbonia-Iglesias Province
        • Nuxis
          • Tamara Mt.
    		Karup-Møller, S. (1977). Mineralogy of some Ag-(Cu)-Pb-Bi sulphide associations. Bulletin Geological Society Denmark, 26, 41-68.
    • Trentino-Alto Adige (Trentino-Südtirol)
      • Bolzano Province (South Tyrol)
        • Isarco Valley (Eisack Valley)
          • Chiusa (Klausen)
    		Krismer, M., Vavtar, F., Tropper, P., Sartory, B. & Kaindl, R. (2011): Mineralogy, mineral chemistry and petrology of the Ag-bearing Cu-Fe-Pb-Zn sulfide mineralizations of the Pfunderer Berg (South Tyrol, Italy). Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences 104/1, 36-48.
      • Trento Province
        • Fiemme Valley
          • Predazzo
    		Vecchi, F., Rocchetti, I. & Gentile, P. (2013): Die Mineralien des Granits von Predazzo, Provinz Trient, Italien. Mineralien-Welt, 24(6), 98-117 (in German).
    Japan
     
    • Hokkaido
      • Sapporo
        • Minami-ku
    		Min. Jour. (Japan): 15:222-232.
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu Region
        • Fukui Prefecture
          • Ono City
    		Mariko (1981) Kouzan Chishitsu Tokubetsugo, 10, 159-174.
        • Gifu Prefecture
    		Nedachi & Takahashi (1990) Kagoshima Daigaku Rika Hokoku, 39, 31-39.
        • Niigata Prefecture
          • Uetsu
    		Izumino, Y., & Nakashima, K. (2015). Bismuth minerals from the W–Mo–Sn deposits hosted in the Iwafune granitoids, Niigata Prefecture, Japan. Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, 110(6), 300-312.
      • Tohoku Region
        • Akita Prefecture
          • Takanosu
    		Karup-Møller, S. (1977). Mineralogy of some Ag-(Cu)-Pb-Bi sulphide associations. Bulletin Geological Society Denmark, 26, 41-68.
        • Fukushima Prefecture
          • Iwaki City
    		Karup-Møller, S. (1977). Mineralogy of some Ag-(Cu)-Pb-Bi sulphide associations. Bulletin Geological Society Denmark, 26, 41-68.
    Peru
     
    • Huancavelica Department
      • Angaraes Province
    		Crowley, Jack A., Currier, Rock H., & Szenics, Terry (1997) Mines and Minerals of Peru. Mineralogical Record, Vol.28, No.4. 98p.
          • Herminia Mine
            • Vein 14
    		Yang, H., Downs, R. T., Evans, S. H., & Pinch, W. W. (2013). Terrywallaceite, AgPb (Sb, Bi) 3S6, isotypic with gustavite, a new mineral from Mina Herminia, Julcani Mining District, Huancavelica, Peru. American Mineralogist, 98(7), 1310-1314
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Kaczawskie Mts
        • Radzimowice
          • Stara Góra
            • Stara Góra deposit
    		1. R. Siuda, 2001 : New sulphate minerals from the Stara Góra oxidised zone, Radzimowice, Kaczawskie Mts., Mineralogical Society of Poland, Special Papers, vol 18, 186-188
      • Rudawy Janowickie Mts
        • Czarnów
          • Rędziny
    		Gołębiowska B., Pieczka A., Parafiniuk J. 2006: Cu(Ag)-Pb-Bi(Sb) sulphosalts from Rędziny (Western Sudetes, Poland). Mineralogia Polonica - Special Papers, vol. 28, 78-80
    Romania
     
    • Maramureș Co.
      • Aurum
    		Jude Radu (2012) An Overview of the Oaş And Gutâi Neogene Metallogenetic Districts. Romanian Journal of Earth Sciences
      • Băiuț
    		Mitt. .Österr. Miner. Ges. 143 (1998); Cook, N. J. Mineralogisches Institut der Universität Würzburg Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg Lecture to the Austrian Mineralogical Society 23 rd June 1997 in Salzburg.
      • Borşa (Baia Borşa; Borsa)
    		Mitt. .Österr. Miner. Ges. 143 (1998)
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Sakha Republic (Saha Republic; Yakutia)
        • Indigirka River Basin
          • Ust'-Nera
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; American Mineralogist, Volume 79, pages 763-767, 1994
        • Verkhoyansk Fold Belt
          • Verkhoyansk Silver Province
            • Western Verkhoyansk District
    		Gamyanin, G. N., Vikent’eva, O. V., Prokof’ev, V. Y., & Bortnikov, N. S. (2015). Arkachan: A new gold–bismuth–siderite–sulfide type of deposits in the West Verkhoyansky tin district, Yakutia. Geology of Ore Deposits, 57(6), 465-495.
              • Mangazeisky ore cluster
    		Pavlova, G.G., and Borisenko, A.S. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 164-185.
      • Transbaikalia (Zabaykalye)
        • Buriatia Republic (Buryatia)
    		Nechelyustov, G. N.; Avdonin, A. S.; Khalezova, E. B. (1975): Gustavite the Bom-Gorkhonskoe deposit. Its first discovery in the USSR. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 220, 1406-1409.
    • Far-Eastern Region
      • Primorskiy Kray
    		Gorelikova et al (2006) Discriminating geodynamical regimes of tin ore formation using trace element composition of cassiterite: the Sikhote Alin case. in Compositional Data Analysis in the Geosciences: From Theory to Practice edited by Antonella Buccianti, G. Mateu-Figueras, Vera Pawlowsky-Glahn Geological Society Special Publication 264. pp 43-57
        • Malinovsky cluster
    		Gvozdev, V. I. (2009). Bismuth mineralization in ores of the Skrytoe scheelite deposit (Primorye) and problems of its genesis. Russian Journal of Pacific Geology, 3(1), 69-79.
    Gonevchuk, V. G., Korostelev, P. G., & Semenyak, B. I. (2005). Genesis of the Tigrinoe tin deposit (Russia). Geology Of Ore Deposits C/C Of Geologiia Rudnykh Mestorozhdenii, 47(3), 223.
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
      • Brezno Co.
    		Pršek J.,2004: Štruktúra a kryštálochémia sulfosolí zo sulfidických mineralizácii Západnych Karpát (Kandid. Diz.práca).Archív Katedry miner. a petrografie Prírodoved. Fak. UK,Bratislava, 135 s.
          • Sokolova dolina Valley
    		Jaroslav PRŠEK and Martin Chovan (2001) Hydrothermal Carbonate and Sulphide Mineralization in the Late Paleozoic Phyllites (Bacúch, Nízke Tatry Mts.) Geolines 13:27-
    Ozdín D. & Pršek J. (2004): Sulfosoli homologického radu lillianitu z hydrotermálnych mineralizácií Nízkych Tatier. Mineralia Slovaca 3-4, 279-285.
    Ozdín, D., Pršek, J. (2004): Sulfosoli homologického radu lillianitu z hydrotermálnych mineralizácií Nízkych Tatier. Mineralia Slovaca, 36, 3-4, 279-285.
      • Revúca Co.
        • Chyžné
    		Bálintová T., Ozdín D.,2006:Sulphosalts from Chyžné-Herichová in the Western Carpathians (Slovakia). Acta Miner.-Petrograph.,Abstract Series 5, Szeged, p.8
      • Rimavská Sobota Co.
        • Hnúšťa
    		Ragan,M., Caňo,F., 1991: Prvé údaje o dvoch nových sulfosoliach (CuPbSbBi a AgPbBiSb) so selénom zmastencového ložiska Hnúšťa. Min.Slovaca, 23,1,36
    South Korea
     
    • Gangwon-do (Kangwon-do; Gang'weondo)
      • Yeonwha
    		Mineralogical Journal Vol. 13 (1986) , No. 2 pp 65-74
    Spain
     
    • Galicia
      • A Coruña (La Coruña)
        • Carballo-Malpica
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    Sweden
     
    • Södermanland
      • Nyköping
        • Tunaberg
    		EurJMin 5, 165; MinMag (1992) 56, 113-115
    No reference listed
    Tajikistan
     
    • Viloyati Mukhtori Gorno-Badakhshan (Viloyati Badakhshoni Kuni)
      • Pamir Mts
        • Pamir Silver District
          • Bazardara ore cluster
    		Pavlova, G.G., and Borisenko, A.S. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 164-185.
    • Viloyati Sogd (Viloyati Sughd; Viloyati Khodzhent; Viloyati Leninabad)
      • Adrasman
        • Karamazar Mts
          • East Karamazar ore district
    		Bortnikov, N.S., Kovalenker, V.A., Safonov, Yu.G., Troneva, N.V., Laputina, I.P., Razdolina, N.V. (1985): Paragenetic associations and conditions of formation of Ag-Cu-Pb-Bi-sulfosalts in the Kanimansur ore field. Izvestiya Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Geol. 1985(9): 65-75 (in Russian); in: Jambor, J.L., Grew, E.S., Puziewicz, J., Vanko, D.A. (1988): New mineral Names. American Mineralogist: 73: 443
    Tunisia
     
    • Bizerte Governorate
      • Galite Islands
    		Slim-Shimi, N., Moëlo, Y. & Tlig, S. (1990): Caractérisaton minéralogique et signifiance métallogénique des sulfures bismuthifères des minéralisations de La Galite et du Jebel Chouichia (NW de la tunisie). Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences, Série 2, 311, 127-132.
    UK
     
    • Scotland
      • Central Region
        • Meal nan Oighreag
    		Y. Moëlo et al. : "Homologues de la lillianite (gustavite, vikingite, heyrovskyite riche en Ag et Bi, ...) de l'indice à W-As-(Pb, Bi, Ag) de la Roche-Balue (Loire-Atlantique, France)", Bull. Minéral., 1987, 110, pp 43-64.; Pattrick, R A D. 1984. Sulphide mineralogy of the Tomnadashan copper deposit and the Corrie Buie lead veins, south Loch Tayside, Scotland. Mineralogical Magazine, 48, 85-91.
    Ukraine
     
    • Odessa Oblast'
      • Dnister-Bug domain
        • Savran-Sinistovska ore zone
    • Zakarpats'ka Oblast' (Transcarpathian Oblasť; Zakarpattia)
      • Berehivskyi Raion
        • Berehove
    		Biruk, S., & Skakun, L. (2012). Bismuth minerals of the Beregovo ore field: mineral assemblages and spatial zonation (Transcarpathian, Ukraine). Geological Quarterly, 44(1), 39-46.
    USA
     
    • California
      • Inyo Co.
        • Darwin Hills
    		MinRec 15:5
            • Darwin
    		Mineral News: 16 (9): 1; Gail E. Dunning, Yves MoÎlo, and Joseph F. Cooper, Jr. (2000) Ag-Cu-Pb-Bi Sulfosalts New to Darwin, Inyo County, California; Margerum, W. (2002), Bulletin of the Mineralogical Society of Southern California.
    Mineral News: 16(9):1; Gail E. Dunning, Yves MoÎlo, and Joseph F. Cooper, Jr. (2000) Ag-Cu-Pb-Bi Sulfosalts New to Darwin, Inyo County, California.; Dunning, G.E., Moelo, Yves, Roberts, A.c., & Cooper, J. F (2000)., Ag-Cu-Pb-Bi Sulfosalts New To Darwin, Inyo County, California. Occasional Web Publication of the Bay Area Mineralogists, 2000
    • Colorado
      • Ouray Co.
        • San Juan Mts
          • Ouray District
            • Ouray
              • Red Mounain No.2
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.; Karup-Møller, S. (1977). Mineralogy of some Ag-(Cu)-Pb-Bi sulphide associations. Bulletin Geological Society Denmark, 26, 41-68.
      • Park Co.
        • Geneva District
    		Y. Moëlo et al. : "Homologues de la lillianite (gustavite, vikingite, heyrovskyite riche en Ag et Bi, ...) de l'indice à W-As-(Pb, Bi, Ag) de la Roche-Balue (Loire-Atlantique, France)", Bull. Minéral., 1987, 110, pp 43-64.
      • San Juan Co.
        • Poughkeepsie Gulch
          • Alaska Basin
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.; Karup-Møller, S. (1977). Mineralogy of some Ag-(Cu)-Pb-Bi sulphide associations. Bulletin Geological Society Denmark, 26, 41-68.
        • Red Mountain District
          • Poughkeepsie Gulch
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.; Karup-Møller, S. (1977). Mineralogy of some Ag-(Cu)-Pb-Bi sulphide associations. Bulletin Geological Society Denmark, 26, 41-68.
    Dana 7:I:393.; D. C. Harris (1975) Canadian Mineralogist 13:411-414; Karup-Møller, S. (1977). Mineralogy of some Ag-(Cu)-Pb-Bi sulphide associations. Bulletin Geological Society Denmark, 26, 41-68.
      • San Miguel Co.
        • Ouray District (Uncompahgre District)
          • Telluride
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.; Foord, E. E., & Shawe, D. R. (1989). The Pb-Bi-Ag-Cu-(Hg) Chemistry Of Galena And Some Associated Sulfosalts: A Reviewand Some New Data From Colorado, California And Pennsylvania. Canadian Mineralogist, 27, 363-382.
    • Idaho
      • Owyhee Co.
    		In the collection of Brent Thorne.
    • Montana
      • Flathead Co.
        • Hog Heaven District (Flathead District)
          • Kofford Ridge
    		www.cannonmicroprobe.com/Mineral_Specimens.htm
    • Nevada
      • Nye Co.
        • Toquima Range
          • Manhattan District
            • Manhattan
              • White Caps Mine
    		Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 26, pp. 355-376(1988)
          • Round Mountain District
    		[MinRec 22:181]
    Uzbekistan
     
    • Kyzylkum Desert
      • Central Kyzylkum Region
        • Zarafshan
          • Muruntau ore field
    		Koneev, R.I., Turesebekov, A.H., Ignatikov, E.N., Vasilevsky, B.B., and Rakhimov, R.R. (2005), In: Jingwen Mao and Bierlein, F.P. (Eds.): Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge, Vol. 1, 1403-1406
    • Tashkent Viloyati (Toshkent)
      • Angren Region
        • Chatkal-Kuraminskii Range
    		Kovalenker, V. A., Safonov, Y. G., Naumov, V. B., & Rusinov, V. L. (1997). The Epithermal Gold-Telluride Kochbulak Deposit. Geology of Ore Deposits C/C of Geologiia Rudnykh Mestorozhdenii, 39, 107-128.
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