Gustavite
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About Gustavite
Formula:
AgPbBi3S6
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
3½
Specific Gravity:
7.01 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
Named by S. Karup-Møller in honor of Gustav Adolf Hageman (1842-1916), chemical engineer for the Cryolite Firm (Ivigtut, Greenland).
Type Locality:
Isostructural with:
Gustavite-Lillianite Series.
Natural gustavite appears to be monoclinic (Harris & Chen, 1975; Makovicky & Karup-Møller, 1977) due to Ag-Bi ordering, while synthetic gustavite was found to be orthorhombic (Bente et al., 1993).
An Sb-rich, monoclinic gustavite has been characterised by Pažout & Dušek (2009); it may be a new species.
An apparent Se analogue was reported (Unnamed (Ag-Pb-Bi Selenide)).
Natural gustavite appears to be monoclinic (Harris & Chen, 1975; Makovicky & Karup-Møller, 1977) due to Ag-Bi ordering, while synthetic gustavite was found to be orthorhombic (Bente et al., 1993).
An Sb-rich, monoclinic gustavite has been characterised by Pažout & Dušek (2009); it may be a new species.
An apparent Se analogue was reported (Unnamed (Ag-Pb-Bi Selenide)).
Classification of Gustavite
Approved
Approval year:
1967
First published:
1970
2/E.31-90
2.JB.40a
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
J : Sulfosalts of PbS archetype
B : Galena derivatives, with Pb
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
J : Sulfosalts of PbS archetype
B : Galena derivatives, with Pb
3.4.15.3
3 : SULFOSALTS
4 : ø = 3
3 : SULFOSALTS
4 : ø = 3
5.7.36
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
7 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb and other metals
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
7 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb and other metals
Physical Properties of Gustavite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Hardness:
3½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=175 - 218 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Cleavage:
Imperfect/Fair
Rare, parallel to tabular faces, rarer perpendicular to tabular faces
Rare, parallel to tabular faces, rarer perpendicular to tabular faces
Density:
7.01 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Gustavite
Anisotropism:
Weak in air, distinct in oil bluish black to grayish white
Colour in reflected light:
Bluish black to greyish-white
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
White to Grey
Chemical Properties of Gustavite
Formula:
AgPbBi3S6
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Sb
Crystallography of Gustavite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Cell Parameters:
a = 13.54 Å, b = 19.44 Å, c = 4.1 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.697 : 1 : 0.211
Unit Cell V:
1,079.19 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Tabular crystals, sometimes bent.
Twinning:
Two twin laws found in type material. The first is very common; repeated twinning with an irregular composition plane parallel to the tabular plates. The second is uncommon; composition plane perpendicular to the tabular plates.
Comment:
Data for synthetic gustavite. Type material appears to be monoclinic, with P21/c cell with a = 7.077 (7) Å, b = 19.566 (12) Å, c = 8.272 (8) Å and beta = 107.18 (9)° (Harris & Chen, 1975). Makovicky & Topa (2011) give, for a crystal from Rotgülden, the following unit-cell parameters (space group P21/c): a = 7.0567(14), b = 19.6905(39), c = 8.2219(16) Å, beta = 106.961(3)°, V = 1092.7(2) Å3.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0018646 | Gustavite | Makovicky E, Topa D (2011) The crystal structure of gustavite, PbAgBi3S6 Analysis of twinning and polytypism using the OD approach European Journal of Mineralogy 23 537-550 | 2011 | Rotgulden, Lungau, Salzburg Land, Austria | 0 | 293 | |
0017602 | Gustavite | Pazout R, Dusek M (2009) Natural monoclinic AgPb(Bi2Sb)S6, an Sb-rich gustavite, Acta Crystallographica C65 i77-i80 | ![]() | 2009 | Kutna Hora polymetallic deposit, Czech Republic | 0 | 293 |
0011039 | Gustavite | Bente K, Engel M, Steins M (1993) Crystal structure of lead silver tribismuth sulfide, PbAgBi3S6 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 205 327-328 | ![]() | 1993 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.977 Å | (50) |
3.640 Å | (80) |
3.401 Å | (80) |
3.376 Å | (80) |
3.363 Å | (100) |
2.996 Å | (100) |
2.895 Å | (100) |
Geological Environment
Geological Setting:
Hydrothermal mineral, pegmatites
Type Occurrence of Gustavite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 1973.188.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 136172.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 136172.
Synonyms of Gustavite
Other Language Names for Gustavite
Relationship of Gustavite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Andorite IV | Pb18Ag15Sb47S96 | Mon. 2 : P2 |
Andorite VI | AgPbSb3S6 | Orth. mm2 : Pmn21 |
Andreadiniite | CuHgAg7Pb7Sb24S48 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Arsenquatrandorite | Ag17.6Pb12.8Sb38.1As11.5S96 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Aschamalmite | Pb6Bi2S9 | Mon. 2/m |
Clino-oscarkempffite | Ag15Pb6Sb21Bi18S72 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Erzwiesite | Ag8Pb12Bi16S40 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
Eskimoite | Ag7Pb10Bi15S36 | Mon. |
Fizélyite | Ag5Pb14Sb21S48 | Mon. 2/m |
Heyrovskýite | Pb6Bi2S9 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cccm |
Jasrouxite | Ag16Pb4(Sb24As16)S72 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Lillianite | Pb3-2xAgxBi2+xS6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
Menchettiite | AgPb2.40Mn1.60Sb3As2S12 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Oscarkempffite | Ag10Pb4(Sb17Bi9)S48 | Orth. mm2 |
Ourayite | Ag3Pb4Bi5S13 | Orth. |
Oyonite | Ag3Mn2Pb4Sb7As4S24 | Mon. 2/m |
Ramdohrite | Pb5.9Fe0.1Mn0.1In0.1Cd0.2Ag2.8Sb10.8S24 | Mon. 2/m |
Roshchinite | Ag19Pb10Sb51S96 | Orth. |
Schirmerite | PbAgBi3S6 - Pb3Ag1.5Bi3.5S9 | Orth. |
Staročeskéite | Ag0.70Pb1.60(Bi1.35Sb1.35)Σ2.70S6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm |
Terrywallaceite | AgPb(Sb,Bi)3S6 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Treasurite | Ag7Pb6Bi15S32 | Mon. |
Uchucchacuaite | AgMnPb3Sb5S12 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmmm |
Ustarasite | Pb(Bi,Sb)6S10 (?) | |
Vikingite | Ag5Pb8Bi13S30 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Xilingolite | Pb3Bi2S6 | Mon. |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Aikinite | PbCuBiS3 |
Arsenopyrite | FeAsS |
Benjaminite | Ag3Bi7S12 |
Bismuth | Bi |
Bismuthinite | Bi2S3 |
Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
Cosalite | Pb2Bi2S5 |
Pavonite | AgBi3S5 |
Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
Stannite | Cu2FeSnS4 |
Tetrahedrite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S |
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
10 photos of Gustavite associated with Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
5 photos of Gustavite associated with Baryte | BaSO4 |
5 photos of Gustavite associated with Tetrahedrite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S |
2 photos of Gustavite associated with Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
2 photos of Gustavite associated with Pyrite | FeS2 |
2 photos of Gustavite associated with Eskimoite | Ag7Pb10Bi15S36 |
1 photo of Gustavite associated with Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
1 photo of Gustavite associated with Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
1 photo of Gustavite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
1 photo of Gustavite associated with Arsenic | As |
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping
2.JB. | Andorite VI | AgPbSb3S6 | Orth. mm2 : Pmn21 |
2.JB. | Arsenquatrandorite | Ag17.6Pb12.8Sb38.1As11.5S96 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
2.JB. | Andreadiniite | CuHgAg7Pb7Sb24S48 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
2.JB.05 | Diaphorite | Ag3Pb2Sb3S8 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
2.JB.10 | Cosalite | Pb2Bi2S5 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
2.JB.15 | Freieslebenite | AgPbSbS3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
2.JB.15 | Marrite | AgPbAsS3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
2.JB.20 | Cannizzarite | Pb48Bi56S132 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
2.JB.20 | Wittite | Pb9Bi12(S,Se)27 | Mon. |
2.JB.25a | Junoite | Cu2Pb3Bi8(S,Se)16 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
2.JB.25i | Neyite | Ag2Cu6Pb25Bi26S68 | Mon. |
2.JB.25c | Nordströmite | CuPb3Bi7(Se4S10) | Mon. |
2.JB.25g | Nuffieldite | Cu1.4Pb2.4Bi2.4Sb0.2S7 | Orth. |
2.JB.25d | Proudite | CuPb7.5Bi9.33(S,Se)22 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
2.JB.25h | Weibullite | Pb5Bi8Se7S11 | Orth. |
2.JB.25b | Felbertalite | Cu2Pb6Bi8S19 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
2.JB.25j | Rouxelite | Cu2HgPb23Sb27S65.5 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
2.JB.25f | Ángelaite | Cu2AgPbBiS4 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
2.JB.25i | Cuproneyite | Cu7Pb27Bi25S68 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
2.JB.30a | Geocronite | Pb14(Sb,As)6S23 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
2.JB.30a | Jordanite | Pb14(As,Sb)6S23 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
2.JB.30b | Kirkiite | Pb10Bi3As3S19 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
2.JB.30c | Tsugaruite | Pb28As15S50Cl | Orth. |
2.JB.35c | Pillaite | Pb9Sb10S23ClO0.5 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
2.JB.35a | Zinkenite | Pb9Sb22S42 | Hex. 6 : P63 |
2.JB.35b | Scainiite | Pb14Sb30S54O5 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
2.JB.35d | Pellouxite | (Cu,Ag)Pb10Sb12S27O(Cl,S)0.6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
2.JB.35f | Tubulite | Ag2Pb22Sb20S53 | Mon. m : Pb |
2.JB.35e | Chovanite | Pb15-2xSb14+2xS36Ox (x ~ 0.2) | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
2.JB.40b | Aschamalmite | Pb6Bi2S9 | Mon. 2/m |
2.JB.40a | Bursaite | Pb5Bi4S11 (?) | Orth. |
2.JB.40b | Eskimoite | Ag7Pb10Bi15S36 | Mon. |
2.JB.40a | Fizélyite | Ag5Pb14Sb21S48 | Mon. 2/m |
2.JB.40a | Lillianite | Pb3-2xAgxBi2+xS6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
2.JB.40c | Ourayite | Ag3Pb4Bi5S13 | Orth. |
2.JB.40a | Ramdohrite | Pb5.9Fe0.1Mn0.1In0.1Cd0.2Ag2.8Sb10.8S24 | Mon. 2/m |
2.JB.40a | Roshchinite | Ag19Pb10Sb51S96 | Orth. |
2.JB.40d | Schirmerite | PbAgBi3S6 - Pb3Ag1.5Bi3.5S9 | Orth. |
2.JB.40a | Treasurite | Ag7Pb6Bi15S32 | Mon. |
2.JB.40a | Uchucchacuaite | AgMnPb3Sb5S12 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmmm |
2.JB.40e | Ustarasite | Pb(Bi,Sb)6S10 (?) | |
2.JB.40a | Vikingite | Ag5Pb8Bi13S30 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
2.JB.40a | Xilingolite | Pb3Bi2S6 | Mon. |
2.JB.40b | Heyrovskýite | Pb6Bi2S9 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cccm |
2.JB.40 | UM1988-05-S:AgBiCuHgPb | (Hg,Ag,Cu,Pb)5Pb5Bi11S27 | |
2.JB.40 | UM1988-06-S:AgBiCuHgPb | (Pb,Hg)12(Cu,Ag)3(Bi,Sb)10(S,Te)27 | |
2.JB.40a | Andorite IV | Pb18Ag15Sb47S96 | Mon. 2 : P2 |
2.JB.55 | Gratonite | Pb9As4S15 | Trig. 3m : R3m |
2.JB.60 | Marrucciite | Hg3Pb16Sb18S46 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
2.JB.65 | Vurroite | Pb20Sn2(Bi,As)22S54Cl6 | Orth. |
Related Minerals - Dana Grouping (8th Ed.)
3.4.15.1 | Lillianite | Pb3-2xAgxBi2+xS6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
3.4.15.2 | Bursaite | Pb5Bi4S11 (?) | Orth. |
3.4.15.5 | Uchucchacuaite | AgMnPb3Sb5S12 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmmm |
3.4.15.6 | Ramdohrite | Pb5.9Fe0.1Mn0.1In0.1Cd0.2Ag2.8Sb10.8S24 | Mon. 2/m |
3.4.15.7 | Roshchinite | Ag19Pb10Sb51S96 | Orth. |
3.4.15.8 | Fizélyite | Ag5Pb14Sb21S48 | Mon. 2/m |
Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals Grouping
5.7.1 | Seligmannite | PbCuAsS3 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmmn |
5.7.2 | Bournonite | PbCuSbS3 | Orth. mm2 : Pmn21 |
5.7.3 | Meneghinite | Pb13CuSb7S24 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
5.7.4 | Gladite | PbCuBi5S9 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
5.7.5 | Lindströmite | Pb3Cu3Bi7S15 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
5.7.6 | Krupkaite | PbCuBi3S6 | Orth. |
5.7.7 | Hammarite | Pb2Cu2Bi4S9 | Orth. |
5.7.8 | Friedrichite | Pb5Cu5Bi7S18 | Orth. mm2 |
5.7.9 | Aikinite | PbCuBiS3 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
5.7.10 | Nuffieldite | Cu1.4Pb2.4Bi2.4Sb0.2S7 | Orth. |
5.7.11 | Jaskólskiite | CuxPb2+x(Sb,Bi)2-xS5 (x ~ 0.15) | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
5.7.12 | Tintinaite | Pb22Cu4(Sb,Bi)30S69 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm |
5.7.13 | Kobellite | Pb22Cu4(Bi,Sb)30S69 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm |
5.7.14 | Proudite | CuPb7.5Bi9.33(S,Se)22 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
5.7.15 | Nordströmite | CuPb3Bi7(Se4S10) | Mon. |
5.7.16 | Watkinsonite | Cu2PbBi4(Se,S,Te)8 | Mon. |
5.7.17 | Pekoite | PbCuBi11S18 | Orth. |
5.7.18 | Petrovicite | Cu3HgPbBiSe5 | Orth. |
5.7.19 | Eclarite | (Cu,Fe)Pb9Bi12S28 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
5.7.20 | Marrite | AgPbAsS3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
5.7.21 | Argentobaumhauerite | Ag1.5Pb22As33.5S72 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
5.7.22 | Andorite | AgPbSb3S6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
5.7.23 | Ramdohrite | Pb5.9Fe0.1Mn0.1In0.1Cd0.2Ag2.8Sb10.8S24 | Mon. 2/m |
5.7.24 | Roshchinite | Ag19Pb10Sb51S96 | Orth. |
5.7.25 | Ourayite | Ag3Pb4Bi5S13 | Orth. |
5.7.26 | Eskimoite | Ag7Pb10Bi15S36 | Mon. |
5.7.27 | Fizélyite | Ag5Pb14Sb21S48 | Mon. 2/m |
5.7.28 | Owyheeite | Ag3+xPb10-2xSb11+xS28, -0.13 < x > +0.20 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
5.7.29 | Freieslebenite | AgPbSbS3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
5.7.30 | Diaphorite | Ag3Pb2Sb3S8 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
5.7.31 | Sterryite | Cu(Ag,Cu)3Pb19(Sb,As)22(As-As)S56 | Mon. 2/m |
5.7.32 | Vikingite | Ag5Pb8Bi13S30 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
5.7.33 | Zoubekite | AgPb4Sb4S10 | Orth. |
5.7.34 | Schirmerite | PbAgBi3S6 - Pb3Ag1.5Bi3.5S9 | Orth. |
5.7.37 | Kitaibelite | Ag10PbBi30S51 | |
5.7.38 | Treasurite | Ag7Pb6Bi15S32 | Mon. |
5.7.39 | Benjaminite | Ag3Bi7S12 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
5.7.40 | Lengenbachite | Ag4Cu2Pb18As12S39 | Tric. |
5.7.41 | Berryite | Cu3Ag2Pb3Bi7S16 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
5.7.42 | Neyite | Ag2Cu6Pb25Bi26S68 | Mon. |
5.7.43 | Larosite | (Cu,Ag)21PbBiS13 | Orth. |
5.7.44 | Cupropavonite | Cu0.9Ag0.5Pb0.6Bi2.5S5 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
5.7.45 | Padĕraite | Cu7[(Cu,Ag)0.33Pb1.33Bi11.33]S22 | Mon. |
5.7.46 | Rayite | Pb8(Ag,Tl)2Sb8S21 | Mon. |
5.7.47 | Rathite | Ag2Pb12-xTlx/2As18+x/2S40 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
5.7.48 | Hatchite | AgTlPbAs2S5 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
References for Gustavite
Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Karup-Møller, S. (1970) Gustavite, a new sulphosalt mineral from Greenland. The Canadian Mineralogist: 10: 173-190.
Fleischer, M. (1971) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 56: 631-640.
Harris, D.C., Chen, T.T. (1975) Gustavite: two Canadian occurrences. The Canadian Mineralogist: 13: 411-414.
Makovicky, E., Karup-Møller, S. (1977) Chemistry and crystallography of the lillianite homologous series. II. Definition of new minerals eskimoite, vikingite, ourayite and treasurite. Redefinition of schirmerite and new data on the lillianite-gustavite solid-solution series. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen: 131: 56-82.
Karup-Møller, S., Makovicky, E. (1979) On pavonite, cupropavonite, benjaminite, and « oversubstituted » gustavite. Bulletin de Minéralogie: 102: 351-367.
Moëlo, Y., Marcoux, E., Makovicky, E., Karup-Møller, S., Legendre, O. (1987) Homologues de la lillianite (gustavite, vikingite, heyrovskyite riche en Ag et Bi...) de l'indice à W-As-(Pb,Bi,Ag) de La Roche-Balue (Loire Atlantique, France). Bulletin de Minéralogie: 110: 43-64.
Chang, L.L.Y., Wu, D., Knowles, C.R. (1988) Phase relations in the system Ag2S-Cu2S-PbS-Bi2S3. Economic Geology: 83: 405-418.
Bente, K., Engel, M., Steins, M. (1993) Crystal structure of lead silver tribismuth sulfide, PbAgBi3S6. Z. Kristallogr: 205: 327-328. [Synthetic orthorhombic gustavite with statistical distribution of Ag and Bi (natural gustavite shows Ag-Bi disorder)]
Pažout, R., Ondruš, P., Šrein, V. (2001) Gustavite with variable Bi/Sb ratio from Kutná Hora deposit, Czech Republic, a new occurrence. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte: 2001: 157-168.
Sureda, R., Lira, R., Colombo, F. (2006) Gustavite, PbAgBi3S6 [P21/c], with the bismuth and silver minerals at Los Guindos mining group, Pampa de Olaen, Cordoba, Argentina (3111'S/6433'W). Revista Geologica de Chile: 33: 141-160.
Pažout, R., Dušek, M. (2009) Natural monoclinic AgPb(Bi2Sb)3S6, an Sb-rich gustavite. Acta Crystallographica: C65: i77-i80.
Pažout, R., Dušek, M. (2010) Crystal structure of natural orthorhombic Ag0.71Pb1.52Bi1.32Sb1.45S6, a lillianite homologue with N = 4; comparison with gustavite. European Journal of Mineralogy: 22: 741-750.
Makovicky, E., Topa, D. (2011) The crystal structure of gustavite, PbAgBi3S6. Analysis of twinning and polytypism using the OD approach. European Journal of Mineralogy: 23: 537-550.
Yang, H., Downs, R.T., Evans, S.H., Pinch, W.W. (2013) Terrywallaceite, AgPb(Sb,Bi)3S6, isotypic with gustavite, a new mineral from Mina Herminia, Julcani Mining District, Huancavelica, Peru. American Mineralogist: 98: 1310-1314.
Pažout, R. (2017): Lillianite homologues from Kutná Hora ore district, Czech Republic: a case of large-scale Sb for Bi substitution. Journal of Geosciences, 62, 37-57. [on Sb-rich gustavite]
Internet Links for Gustavite
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https://www.mindat.org/min-1782.html
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Localities for Gustavite
Locality List




All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| Sureda, R., Lira, R., & Colombo, F. (2010). Gustavite, PbAgBi3S6-P21/c, with the bismuth and silver minerals at Los Guindos mining group, Pampa de Olaen, Córdoba, Argentina (31° 11'S/64° 33'W). Andean Geology, 33(1). |
| DE BRODTKORB, Milka K. Precious metaltellurides and other Te-bearing minerals in different paragenesis of Argentina: A review. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2009, vol.64, n.3, pp. 365-372. |
Austria | |
| Bergbau in Westkärnten |
G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995; Bergbau in Westkärnten | |
| Bergbau in Westkärnten |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995; Pichler, A. (2009): Bergbau in Westkärnten. Eine Bestandsaufnahme der noch sichtbaren Merkmale der historischen Bergbaue in Westkärnten. - Carinthia II, 63. Sh., 416 S., Klagenfurt |
PICHLER, A. (2009): Bergbau in Westkärnten. Eine Bestandsaufnahme der noch sichtbaren Merkmale der historischen Bergbaue in Westkärnten. p.88, 92-94 | |
Horner, J., Neubauer, F., Paar, W.H., Hansmann, W., Koeppel, V., and Robl, K. (1997): Mineralium Deposita 32, 555-568. | |
| Paar, W.H., and Niedermayr, G. (1998): Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft 143, 425-435. |
Paar, W.H., and Niedermayr, G. (1998): Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft 143, 425-435. | |
| PUTZ, H. (2010): Neufunde aus Salzburger Erzlagerstätten. Mineralogisches Archiv Salzburg, 13, 275-277. |
| Horner, J., Neubauer, F., Paar, W.H., Hansmann, W., Koeppel, V., and Robl, K. (1997): Mineralium Deposita 32, 555-568. |
| W.H. Paar, J. Weidinger, R. Mrazek, H. Heiss: Lapis 18(5):13-28 (1993); Wallner, D., Raith, J.G. & Paar, W. (2017): Gold and silver at Rotgülden deposit - where are they hosted? Mitt. Österr. Mineral. Ges. 163, 91. (Abs.) |
A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989); Strasser (2000); Putz, H. (2011): Neuigkeiten zur Landesmineralogie von Salzburg. Miner. Arch. Salzb., 14, 304-308 (p. 304: Galenobismutit, Bismuthinit, Krupkait und ged. Wismut aus dem Wasserüberleitungs-Stollen Rotgüldensee-Sticklerhütte, Lungau). | |
Horner, J., Neubauer, F., Paar, W.H., Hansmann, W., Koeppel, V., and Robl, K. (1997): Mineralium Deposita 32, 555-568. | |
Horner, J., Neubauer, F., Paar, W.H., Hansmann, W., Koeppel, V., and Robl, K. (1997): Mineralium Deposita 32, 555-568. | |
| Kolitsch, U. (2009): 1585) Gustavit und andere Pb-Bi-Sulfosalze vom Westfeld des Scheelitbergbaues Felbertal, Salzburg. P. 207 in: Niedermayr, G. et al. (2009): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LVIII. Carinthia II, 199/119, 189-236. |
| Lewandowski, K., Lerch, H. & Seemann, R. (2006): Chronik - Schaubergwerk Hochfeld "Bergbau im Untersulzbachtal – Eine fast vergessene Welt" Die 500-jährige Geschichte des Kupferbergbaus am Hochfeld im Untersulzbachtal. Zukunftskollegium Nationalpark Hohe Tauern, Neukirchen a. G., 288 pp. |
| Gerhard Feitzinger & Albert Strasser (1995): Au-Ag-Pb-Bi-Te-Vererzung vom Rojacherbau am Sonnblick. Mineralogisches Archiv Salzburg, 5, 100-101. |
| Schachinger, T. and Paar, W.H. (2017): Antimon- und bismuthältige Sulfosalze aus dem Vetternbergbau bei Schladming, Steiermark. Carinthia II, 207./127., 691-698. |
| matrixx 4, p.9-16 |
Bolivia | |
| Jiménez-Franco, A., Alfonso Abella, M. P., Canet Miquel, C., & Trujillo, J. E. (2018). Mineral chemistry of In-bearing minerals in the Santa Fe mining district, Bolivia. Andean Geology, 45(3), 410-432. |
Jiménez-Franco, A., Alfonso Abella, M. P., Canet Miquel, C., & Trujillo, J. E. (2018). Mineral chemistry of In-bearing minerals in the Santa Fe mining district, Bolivia. Andean Geology, 45(3), 410-432. | |
Bulgaria | |
| Cook, N. J., Ciobanu, C. L., & Bogdanov, K. (2002) Trace mineralogy of the Upper Cretaceous banatitic Magmatic and metallogenetic Belt, SE Europe. In 11th Quadrennial IAGOD symposium–Geocongress 2002, Windhoek, Namibia, July 2002. CD Volume of extended abstracts. |
| Cook, N. J., Ciobanu, C. L., & Bogdanov, K. (2002) Trace mineralogy of the Upper Cretaceous banatitic Magmatic and metallogenetic Belt, SE Europe. In 11th Quadrennial IAGOD symposium–Geocongress 2002, Windhoek, Namibia, July 2002. CD Volume of extended abstracts. |
| Cook, N. J., Ciobanu, C. L., & Bogdanov, K. (2002) Trace mineralogy of the Upper Cretaceous banatitic Magmatic and metallogenetic Belt, SE Europe. In 11th Quadrennial IAGOD symposium–Geocongress 2002, Windhoek, Namibia, July 2002. CD Volume of extended abstracts. |
| Cook, N. J., Ciobanu, C. L., & Bogdanov, K. (2002) Trace mineralogy of the Upper Cretaceous banatitic Magmatic and metallogenetic Belt, SE Europe. In 11th Quadrennial IAGOD symposium–Geocongress 2002, Windhoek, Namibia, July 2002. CD Volume of extended abstracts. |
Canada | |
| Hood, C. T., Sinclair, A. J., & Leitch, C. H. (1991). British Columbia Geological Survey Geological Fieldwork 1991. |
| Handbook of Mineralogy; Harris, D.C., Chen, T.T. (1975) Gustavite; two Canadian occurrences. Canadian Mineralogist, 13(4), 411-414.; Černý, P., Harris, D.C. (1978) The Tanco pegmatite at Bernic Lake, Manitoba. XI. Native elements, alloys, sulfides and sulfosalts. The Canadian Mineralogist, 16(4), 625-640.; Grice, Joel D. (1989) Bernic Lake, Manitoba: Mining for Space-age Elements. In: Famous mineral localities of Canada. Published by Fitzhenry & Whiteside Limited & the National Museum of Natural Sciences, 190 pages: 64-67; 153-155. |
| Handbook of Mineralogy; D. C. Harris (1975) Canadian Mineralogist 13:411-414 |
| Dennis, Frank A. F. (1987) Petrology and Mineralization of the Deep Cove Pluton, Gabarus Bay, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. Master of Science Thesis, Acadia University. |
| Canadian Museum of Nature specimens XRD confirmed |
China | |
| Yunsheng Ren, Liandeng Liu, Jiwu Zhang, and Guohua Chen (2005): Gold 26(5), 9-12 |
| Xianwu Zou, Sen Cui, Wenjun Qu, Yunshan Bai, Xiqing Chen (2009): Geology in China 36(4), 837-844 |
| Xilin Li (1990): Chinese Journal of Geochemistry 9(4), 378-384; Yingchen Ren (1999): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 14(1), 1-12, 38 |
Jiuling Li, Guilan Zhang, and Feng Zuo (1998): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 18(2), 119-125. | |
| Yingchen Ren (1999): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 14(1), 1-12, 38; Bosheng Zhou, Guohua Zhang, Shuqing Gong, and Yousheng Zeng (2002): Geophysical & Geochemical Exploration 26(6), 436-438 |
| Dequan Zhang, Yunfen Lei, Taiyang Luo, Xiupo Bao, and Shengli Wang (1991): Mineral Deposits 10(3), 204-216 |
| Zhicheng Lu, Peiping Zhang, Guozheng Duan, Libo Hao, and Dianchao Li (2002): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 22(1), 75-80 |
| Zhicheng Lu, Peiping Zhang, Guozheng Duan, Libo Hao, and Dianchao Li (2002): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 22(1), 75-80 |
| Zhenru Zhang, Xianchang Luo, Rongmei Chen, Xingzhen Yu, Sixue Yang, Yingchen Ren, Jiuwu Zeng, and Weijun Sun (1987): Geology and Prospecting 23(6), 38-40 |
Zhenru Zhang, Xianchang Luo, Rongmei Chen, Xingzhen Yu, Sixue Yang, Yingchen Ren, Jiuwu Zeng, and Weijun Sun (1987): Geology and Prospecting 23(6), 38-40 | |
| Zhenru Zhang, Xianchang Luo, Rongmei Chen, Xingzhen Yu, Sixue Yang, Yingchen Ren, Jiuwu Zeng, and Weijun Sun (1987): Geology and Prospecting 23(6), 38-40 |
| Zhenru Zhang, Xianchang Luo, Rongmei Chen, Xingzhen Yu, Sixue Yang, Yingchen Ren, Jiuwu Zeng, and Weijun Sun (1987): Geology and Prospecting 23(6), 38-40 |
| Yingchen Ren (1999): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 14(1), 1-12, 38 |
| Enkui Cao (1991): Geology Laboratory 7(5), 300-307 |
Czech Republic | |
| Pažout, R., Ondruš, P, Šrein, V. (2001): Gustavite with variable Bi/Sb ratio from Kutná Hora deposit, Czech Republic, a new occurrence. N. Jb. Mineral., Mh. 2001, 157-168.; Pažout, R. & Dušek, M. (2009): Natural monoclinic AgPb(Bi2Sb)3S6, an Sb-rich gustavite. Acta Crystallografica, C65, i77-i80. ; Pažout, R. (2017): Lillianite homologues from Kutná Hora ore district, Czech Republic: a case of large-scale Sb for Bi substitution. Journal of Geosciences, 62, 37-57. |
| Dobešová, B. (2012). Halda Kaňk: hydrogeochemie pórových vod. Masters Thesis MASARYKOVA UNIVERZITA |
Pazout, R., Sejkora, J., & Srein, V. (2017). Bismuth and bismuth-antimony sulphosalts from Kutna Hora vein Ag-Pb-Zn ore district, Czech Republic. Journal of GEOsciences, 62(1), 59-76. | |
| Breiter K., Škoda R., Veselovský F.: Neobvyklý P-, Li- a Sn-bohatý pegmatit z Vernéřova u Aše, Česká republika. Bulletin Mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 2009, roč. 17, č. 1, s. 41-59. |
Finland | |
| Hietanen, Sini (2015) Keski-Suomen granitoidikomplekssin malmiviitteet Hiekkapohjan alueella. Pro gradu-tutkielm, Kaivannaistiedekunta, Oulun Yliopisto 2015. |
France | |
| P.G. Pélisson : "Etude Minéralogique et Métallogénique du District Filonien Polytype de Paulhaguet (Haute-Loire, Massif Central Français)", Doctorate Thesis, Orléans, France, 1989 |
| [Inventaire Minéralogique de la France numero 14 ( Lozère ) éditions BRGM 1989] |
| Y. Moëlo et al. : "Homologues de la lillianite (gustavite, vikingite, heyrovskyite riche en Ag et Bi, ...) de l'indice à W-As-(Pb, Bi, Ag) de la Roche-Balue (Loire-Atlantique, France)", Bull. Minéral., 1987, 110, pp 43-64. |
Germany | |
| Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001 |
| Walenta, K. (1992): Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, 336 pp. (in German); Blaß, G. & Graf, H. W. (1997): Neufunde von bekannten Fundorten (19. Folge). - Mineralien-Welt, 8 (5), 32-36; WALENTA, K. (1993): Neue Mineralfunde von der Grube Clara (5. Folge). - Lapis 18 (1), 16-23. ; Staude, S., Dorn, A., Pfaff, K., & Markl, G. (2010). Assemblages of Ag–Bi sulfosalts and conditions of their formation: the type locality of schapbachite (Ag0. 4Pb0. 2Bi0. 4S) and neighboring mines in the Schwarzwald ore district, southern Germany. The Canadian Mineralogist, 48(3), 441-466. |
| Bergbau auf Lagerstätten des Südlichen Schwarzwaldes: Ein Beitrag zur Bergbaugeschichte und Lagerstättenkunde zwischen Dreisamtal und Hochrhein |
| Walenta, K. (1992) Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes und ihre Fundstellan. Christian Weise Verlag, München, 336 pages [in German].; Staude, S., Dorn, A., Pfaff, K., & Markl, G. (2010). Assemblages of Ag–Bi sulfosalts and conditions of their formation: the type locality of schapbachite (Ag0. 4Pb0. 2Bi0. 4S) and neighboring mines in the Schwarzwald ore district, southern Germany. The Canadian Mineralogist, 48(3), 441-466. |
Staude, S., Dorn, A., Pfaff, K., & Markl, G. (2010). Assemblages of Ag–Bi sulfosalts and conditions of their formation: the type locality of schapbachite (Ag0. 4Pb0. 2Bi0. 4S) and neighboring mines in the Schwarzwald ore district, southern Germany. The Canadian Mineralogist, 48(3), 441-466. | |
J. Gröbner: Neufunde von der Grube Katharina im Wildschapbach, Der Erzgräber 18 (2/2004), 34-37. | |
| Henrich, M. (2009): Mineralien-Welt 20 (5), 14-27. |
| Witzke, T. & Giesler, T. (2013): Eine Seltenerd- und Niob-Tantal-Mineralisation aus dem Königshainer Granit in der Lausitz, Sachsen.- Mineralien-Welt 24(1), 36-45 |
| Grütze, T. (2006): Rauchquarz und Kugelpyrite aus dem Steinbruch Naundorf bei Freiberg/Sachsen. Lapis 31 (12), 16-19. |
Greece | |
| Voudouris, P. C., Spry, P. G., Mavrogonatos, C., Sakellaris, G. A., Bristol, S. K., Melfos, V., & Fornadel, A. P. (2013). Bismuthinite derivatives, lillianite homologues, and bismuth sulfotellurides as indicators of gold mineralization in the Stanos shear-zone related deposit, Chalkidiki, Northern Greece. The Canadian Mineralogist, 51(1), 119-142.; Voudouris, P., Spry, P. G., Mavrogonatos, C., & Sakellaris, G. A. (2010, April). Gold-bismuth-telluride-sulfide assemblages at the Stanos shear zone-related prospect, Chalkidiki, northern Greece. In 13th Quadrennial IAGOD symposium, Adelaide, South Australia (pp. 6-9). |
Greenland (TL) | |
| Canadian Mineralogist(1970) 10, 173-190; Karup-Møller S. (1973) A gustavite-cosalite-galena-bearing mineral suite from the cryolite deposit at Ivigtut, south Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland: 195(5); Karup-Møller, S. (1977). Mineralogy of some Ag-(Cu)-Pb-Bi sulphide associations. Bulletin Geological Society Denmark, 26, 41-68. |
Italy | |
| Ciriotti, M.E., Martini, B. Salvetti, A., Dalla Fontana, G., Taronna, M., Alciati, C., Gedda, E.E., Franchino, G., Bittarello, E., Marengo, A., Rossetti, P., Brizio, P., Finello, G., Girodo Grant, S., Perotto, P. (2019): Tavagnasco Miniere e Minerali. Comune di Tavagnasco - AMI Associazione Micromineralogica Italiana, Eds., Tavagnasco., 480 pp. |
| Karup-Møller, S. (1977). Mineralogy of some Ag-(Cu)-Pb-Bi sulphide associations. Bulletin Geological Society Denmark, 26, 41-68. |
| Krismer, M., Vavtar, F., Tropper, P., Sartory, B. & Kaindl, R. (2011): Mineralogy, mineral chemistry and petrology of the Ag-bearing Cu-Fe-Pb-Zn sulfide mineralizations of the Pfunderer Berg (South Tyrol, Italy). Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences 104/1, 36-48.; Krismer, M., Vavtar, F., Tropper, P., Sartory, B., & Kaindl, R. (2011). Mineralogy, Mineral Chemistry and Petrology of the Ag-bearing Cu-Fe-Pb-Zn Sulfide Mineralizations of the Pfunderer Berg (South Tyrol, Italy). Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences, 104(1); Krismer, M. &Tropper, P. (2013): Die mögliche Bedeutung der polymetallischen Erzvorkommen des Pfunderer Bergs bei Klausen für die prähistorische Metallurgie im Eisacktal (Südtirol, Italien). GEO.ALP 10, 47-60. |
| Vecchi, F., Rocchetti, I. & Gentile, P. (2013): Die Mineralien des Granits von Predazzo, Provinz Trient, Italien. Mineralien-Welt, 24(6), 98-117 (in German). |
Japan | |
| Karup-Møller, S. (1977). Mineralogy of some Ag-(Cu)-Pb-Bi sulphide associations. Bulletin Geological Society Denmark, 26, 41-68. |
| Mariko (1981) Kouzan Chishitsu Tokubetsugo, 10, 159-174. |
| Karup-Møller, S. (1977). Mineralogy of some Ag-(Cu)-Pb-Bi sulphide associations. Bulletin Geological Society Denmark, 26, 41-68. |
| MARIKO, T., KAWADA, M., MIURA, M., & ONO, S. (1996). Ore Formation Processes of The Mozumi Skarn-type Pb-Zn-Ag Deposit in the Kamioka Mine, Gifu Prefecture, Central Japan. Shigen-Chishitsu, 46(260), 337-354. |
Nedachi & Takahashi (1990) Kagoshima Daigaku Rika Hokoku, 39, 31-39. | |
| Min. Jour. (Japan): 15:222-232. |
| Ono, S., Hirai, K., Matsueda, H., & Kabashima, T. (2004). Polymetallic Mineralization at the Suttsu Vein‐type Deposit, Southwestern Hokkaido, Japan. Resource Geology, 54(4), 453-464. |
| Izumino, Y., & Nakashima, K. (2015). Bismuth minerals from the W–Mo–Sn deposits hosted in the Iwafune granitoids, Niigata Prefecture, Japan. Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, 110(6), 300-312. |
Norway | |
| Larsen, A. O., Kolitsch, U. & Dahlgren, S. (2020) A reconnaissance study of the crystal chemistry of tourmalines from the Meso-Proterozoic Telemark area, Norway. Norsk Mineralsymposium 2020: 78-99 |
Peru | |
| Crowley, Jack A., Currier, Rock H., & Szenics, Terry (1997) Mines and Minerals of Peru. Mineralogical Record, Vol.28, No.4. 98p. |
| Yang, H., Downs, R. T., Evans, S. H., & Pinch, W. W. (2013). Terrywallaceite, AgPb (Sb, Bi) 3S6, isotypic with gustavite, a new mineral from Mina Herminia, Julcani Mining District, Huancavelica, Peru. American Mineralogist, 98(7), 1310-1314 |
Poland | |
| 1. R. Siuda, 2001 : New sulphate minerals from the Stara Góra oxidised zone, Radzimowice, Kaczawskie Mts., Mineralogical Society of Poland, Special Papers, vol 18, 186-188 |
| Gołębiowska B., Pieczka A., Parafiniuk J. 2006: Cu(Ag)-Pb-Bi(Sb) sulphosalts from Rędziny (Western Sudetes, Poland). Mineralogia Polonica - Special Papers, vol. 28, 78-80; Pieczka, A., Gołębiowska, B., & Parafiniuk, J. (2011). Gold in sulfide-telluride assemblages at Rędziny, Rudawy Janowickie Range. Gold in Poland, AM Monograph, (2), 119-134. |
Romania | |
| Cook, N. J., Ciobanu, C. L., & Bogdanov, K. (2002) Trace mineralogy of the Upper Cretaceous banatitic Magmatic and metallogenetic Belt, SE Europe. In 11th Quadrennial IAGOD symposium–Geocongress 2002, Windhoek, Namibia, July 2002. CD Volume of extended abstracts. |
| Cook, N. J., Ciobanu, C. L., & Bogdanov, K. (2002) Trace mineralogy of the Upper Cretaceous banatitic Magmatic and metallogenetic Belt, SE Europe. In 11th Quadrennial IAGOD symposium–Geocongress 2002, Windhoek, Namibia, July 2002. CD Volume of extended abstracts. |
| Cook, N. J., & Ciobanu, C. L. (2004). Bismuth tellurides and sulphosalts from the Larga hydrothermal system, Metaliferi Mts, Romania: Paragenesis and genetic significance. Mineralogical Magazine 68:301–321 |
| Buzatu, A., Damian, G., Dill, H.G., Buzgar, N., Apopei, A.I. (2015) Mineralogy and geochemistry of sulfosalts from Baia Sprie ore deposit (Romania) - New bismuth minerals occurrence. Ore Geology Reviews, 65(1), 132-147. |
| Mitt. .Österr. Miner. Ges. 143 (1998); Cook, N. J. Mineralogisches Institut der Universität Würzburg Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg Lecture to the Austrian Mineralogical Society 23 rd June 1997 in Salzburg. |
| Mitt. .Österr. Miner. Ges. 143 (1998); Cook, N. J. (1997). Bismuth and bismuth–antimony sulphosalts from Neogene vein mineralisation, Baia Borşa area, Maramureş, Romania. Mineralogical Magazine, 61(3), 387-409. |
Cook, N. J. (1997). Bismuth and bismuth–antimony sulphosalts from Neogene vein mineralisation, Baia Borşa area, Maramureş, Romania. Mineralogical Magazine, 61(3), 387-409. | |
| Jude Radu (2012) An Overview of the Oaş And Gutâi Neogene Metallogenetic Districts. Romanian Journal of Earth Sciences; Plotinskaya, O. Y., Damian, F., Prokofiev, V. Y., Kovalenker, V. A., & Damian, G. (2009). Tellurides occurrences in the Baia Mare region, Romania. Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 4(2), 89-100. |
Russia | |
| Gonevchuk, V. G., Korostelev, P. G., & Semenyak, B. I. (2005). Genesis of the Tigrinoe tin deposit (Russia). Geology Of Ore Deposits C/C Of Geologiia Rudnykh Mestorozhdenii, 47(3), 223. |
Gorelikova et al (2006) Discriminating geodynamical regimes of tin ore formation using trace element composition of cassiterite: the Sikhote Alin case. in Compositional Data Analysis in the Geosciences: From Theory to Practice edited by Antonella Buccianti, G. Mateu-Figueras, Vera Pawlowsky-Glahn Geological Society Special Publication 264. pp 43-57 | |
| Gvozdev, V. I. (2009). Bismuth mineralization in ores of the Skrytoe scheelite deposit (Primorye) and problems of its genesis. Russian Journal of Pacific Geology, 3(1), 69-79. |
| Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; American Mineralogist, Volume 79, pages 763-767, 1994 |
| Gamyanin, G. N., Vikent’eva, O. V., Prokof’ev, V. Y., & Bortnikov, N. S. (2015). Arkachan: A new gold–bismuth–siderite–sulfide type of deposits in the West Verkhoyansky tin district, Yakutia. Geology of Ore Deposits, 57(6), 465-495. |
| Pavlova, G.G., and Borisenko, A.S. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 164-185. |
| Nechelyustov, G. N.; Avdonin, A. S.; Khalezova, E. B. (1975): Gustavite the Bom-Gorkhonskoe deposit. Its first discovery in the USSR. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 220, 1406-1409. |
Slovakia | |
| Pršek J.,2004: Štruktúra a kryštálochémia sulfosolí zo sulfidických mineralizácii Západnych Karpát (Kandid. Diz.práca).Archív Katedry miner. a petrografie Prírodoved. Fak. UK,Bratislava, 135 s. |
| Jaroslav PRŠEK and Martin Chovan (2001) Hydrothermal Carbonate and Sulphide Mineralization in the Late Paleozoic Phyllites (Bacúch, Nízke Tatry Mts.) Geolines 13:27- |
Ozdín D. & Pršek J. (2004): Sulfosoli homologického radu lillianitu z hydrotermálnych mineralizácií Nízkych Tatier. Mineralia Slovaca 3-4, 279-285. | |
Ozdín, D., Pršek, J. (2004): Sulfosoli homologického radu lillianitu z hydrotermálnych mineralizácií Nízkych Tatier. Mineralia Slovaca, 36, 3-4, 279-285. | |
| Bálintová T., Ozdín D.,2006:Sulphosalts from Chyžné-Herichová in the Western Carpathians (Slovakia). Acta Miner.-Petrograph.,Abstract Series 5, Szeged, p.8 |
| Ragan,M., Caňo,F., 1991: Prvé údaje o dvoch nových sulfosoliach (CuPbSbBi a AgPbBiSb) so selénom zmastencového ložiska Hnúšťa. Min.Slovaca, 23,1,36 |
| Mikuš T., Bakos F. & Hönig S. (2019): Bismuth sulphosalts from the siderite–sulphidic and As-Co mineralization in Medzev area, Slovakia. Acta Geologica Slovaca, 11, 2, 91-102. |
South Korea | |
| Mineralogical Journal Vol. 13 (1986) , No. 2 pp 65-74 |
Spain | |
| Minero, G. (2014) Tellurides, sulfides and sulfosalts in the mineral paragenesis of the Corcoesto orogenic gold deposit, NW Spain. 21 st meeting of the International Mineralogical Association. p 92 |
Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990 | |
Sweden | |
| EurJMin 5, 165; MinMag (1992) 56, 113-115 |
No reference listed | |
Tajikistan | |
| Pavlova, G.G., and Borisenko, A.S. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 164-185. |
| Bortnikov, N.S., Kovalenker, V.A., Safonov, Yu.G., Troneva, N.V., Laputina, I.P., Razdolina, N.V. (1985): Paragenetic associations and conditions of formation of Ag-Cu-Pb-Bi-sulfosalts in the Kanimansur ore field. Izvestiya Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Geol. 1985(9): 65-75 (in Russian); in: Jambor, J.L., Grew, E.S., Puziewicz, J., Vanko, D.A. (1988): New mineral Names. American Mineralogist: 73: 443 |
Tunisia | |
| Slim-Shimi, N., Moëlo, Y. & Tlig, S. (1990): Caractérisaton minéralogique et signifiance métallogénique des sulfures bismuthifères des minéralisations de La Galite et du Jebel Chouichia (NW de la tunisie). Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences, Série 2, 311, 127-132. |
UK | |
| Y. Moëlo et al. : "Homologues de la lillianite (gustavite, vikingite, heyrovskyite riche en Ag et Bi, ...) de l'indice à W-As-(Pb, Bi, Ag) de la Roche-Balue (Loire-Atlantique, France)", Bull. Minéral., 1987, 110, pp 43-64.; Pattrick, R.A.D. (1984) Sulphide mineralogy of the Tomnadashan copper deposit and the Corrie Buie lead veins, south Loch Tayside, Scotland. Mineralogical Magazine, vol. 48, n° 346, p. 85-91. |
Ukraine | |
| |
| Biruk, S., & Skakun, L. (2012). Bismuth minerals of the Beregovo ore field: mineral assemblages and spatial zonation (Transcarpathian, Ukraine). Geological Quarterly, 44(1), 39-46. |
USA | |
| MinRec 15:5 |
| Mineral News: 16 (9): 1; Gail E. Dunning, Yves MoÎlo, and Joseph F. Cooper, Jr. (2000) Ag-Cu-Pb-Bi Sulfosalts New to Darwin, Inyo County, California; Margerum, W. (2002), Bulletin of the Mineralogical Society of Southern California. |
Mineral News: 16(9):1; Gail E. Dunning, Yves MoÎlo, and Joseph F. Cooper, Jr. (2000) Ag-Cu-Pb-Bi Sulfosalts New to Darwin, Inyo County, California.; Dunning, G.E., Moelo, Yves, Roberts, A.c., & Cooper, J. F (2000)., Ag-Cu-Pb-Bi Sulfosalts New To Darwin, Inyo County, California. Occasional Web Publication of the Bay Area Mineralogists, 2000 | |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.; Foord, E. E., & Shawe, D. R. (1989). The Pb-Bi-Ag-Cu-(Hg) Chemistry Of Galena And Some Associated Sulfosalts: A Reviewand Some New Data From Colorado, California And Pennsylvania. Canadian Mineralogist, 27, 363-382. |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.; Karup-Møller, S. (1977). Mineralogy of some Ag-(Cu)-Pb-Bi sulphide associations. Bulletin Geological Society Denmark, 26, 41-68. |
| Y. Moëlo et al. : "Homologues de la lillianite (gustavite, vikingite, heyrovskyite riche en Ag et Bi, ...) de l'indice à W-As-(Pb, Bi, Ag) de la Roche-Balue (Loire-Atlantique, France)", Bull. Minéral., 1987, 110, pp 43-64. |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.; Karup-Møller, S. (1977). Mineralogy of some Ag-(Cu)-Pb-Bi sulphide associations. Bulletin Geological Society Denmark, 26, 41-68. |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.; Karup-Møller, S. (1977). Mineralogy of some Ag-(Cu)-Pb-Bi sulphide associations. Bulletin Geological Society Denmark, 26, 41-68. |
Dana 7:I:393.; D. C. Harris (1975) Canadian Mineralogist 13:411-414; Karup-Møller, S. (1977). Mineralogy of some Ag-(Cu)-Pb-Bi sulphide associations. Bulletin Geological Society Denmark, 26, 41-68. | |
| In the collection of Brent Thorne. |
| www.cannonmicroprobe.com/Mineral_Specimens.htm |
| Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 26, pp. 355-376(1988) |
| [MinRec 22:181] |
Uzbekistan | |
| Koneev, R.I., Turesebekov, A.H., Ignatikov, E.N., Vasilevsky, B.B., and Rakhimov, R.R. (2005), In: Jingwen Mao and Bierlein, F.P. (Eds.): Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge, Vol. 1, 1403-1406 |
| Kovalenker, V. A., Safonov, Y. G., Naumov, V. B., & Rusinov, V. L. (1997). The Epithermal Gold-Telluride Kochbulak Deposit. Geology of Ore Deposits C/C of Geologiia Rudnykh Mestorozhdenii, 39, 107-128. |
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