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Hainite-(Y)

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Hainite-(Y)

Poços de Caldas alkaline complex, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Hainite-(Y), etc.

Teineholmen, Barkevik area, Langesundsfjorden, Larvik, Vestfold, Norway
Hainite-(Y)

Teineholmen, Barkevik area, Langesundsfjorden, Larvik, Vestfold, Norway
Hainite-(Y)

Poços de Caldas alkaline complex, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Hainite-(Y), etc.

Teineholmen, Barkevik area, Langesundsfjorden, Larvik, Vestfold, Norway
Hainite-(Y)

Teineholmen, Barkevik area, Langesundsfjorden, Larvik, Vestfold, Norway
Hainite-(Y)

Poços de Caldas alkaline complex, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Hainite-(Y), etc.

Teineholmen, Barkevik area, Langesundsfjorden, Larvik, Vestfold, Norway
Formula:
Na2Ca4(Y,REE)Ti(Si2O7)2OF3
Colour:
wine-yellow, honey-yellow; milk white, brownish, pale pink
Lustre:
Adamantine, Vitreous
Hardness:
5
Specific Gravity:
3.157-3.391 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Name:
For the type locality.
Name was changed by IMA in 2016 from hainite to hainite-(Y) (IMA 16-A).
Chemically close to fogoite-(Y).

Long regarded as a doubtful species, said to be related to Rosenbuschite, but an independent species after all (Christiansen et al., 2003). The crystal structure of the type material has been determined by Giester et al. (2005).


Hide all sections | Show all sections

Classification of Hainite-(Y)Hide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Notes:
Renamed by the IMA
Approval History:
2016: Name changed from hainite to hainite-(Y) (IMA 16-A).
Strunz 8th ed.:
8/C.12-15
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:
9.BE.22

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
E : Si2O7 groups, with additional anions; cations in octahedral [6] and greater coordination
Dana 8th ed.:
56.2.4.9

56 : SOROSILICATES Si2O7 Groups, With Additional O, OH, F and H2O
2 : Si2O7 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [4] and/or >[4] coordination

Physical Properties of Hainite-(Y)Hide

Lustre:
Adamantine, Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
wine-yellow, honey-yellow; milk white, brownish, pale pink
Comment:
light wine-yellow in thin section
Hardness:
5 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
rather perfect, {010}; also faint on {100}
Density:
3.157-3.391 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Hainite-(Y)Hide

Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.663(2) nβ = 1.664(2) nγ = 1.675(2)
2V:
Measured: 30° to 45°, Calculated: 33.7°
Birefringence:
~0.012
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.012
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
relatively strong (r > v)
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
colorless (X), colorless to pale yellow (Y), wine-yellow (Z)
Comments:
2V(meas.): large

Chemical Properties of Hainite-(Y)Hide

Formula:
Na2Ca4(Y,REE)Ti(Si2O7)2OF3
IMA Formula:
(Ca3Y)Na(NaCa)Ti(Si2O7)2(OF)F2
Elements listed:
Ca, F, Na, O, Si, Ti, Y - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Mn,Ce,La,Fe,Nb,Ta,Al

Crystallography of Hainite-(Y)Hide

Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.594 Å, b = 5.702 Å, c = 7.288 Å
α = 89.89(4)°, β = 101.09(4)°, γ = 101.17(4)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.683 : 1 : 1.278
Unit Cell V:
383.55 ų
Z:
1
Twinning:
on {100}
Comment:
parameters of the TL material: a=5.676(2), b=7.259(3), c=9.586(3), α=101.08(4), β=101.14(4), γ=90.27(4)

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
2.961 (100)
3.073 (90)
1.896 (70)
3.961 (50)
2.628 (50)
2.493 (50)
1.822 (50)
Comments:
TL material

Type Occurrence of Hainite-(Y)Hide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Hohe Hain Mtn, Jizerské Mtn (Iser Mtn), Liberec Region, Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen), Czech Republic
General Appearance of Type Material:
crystals, less than 1 mm, needles and plates, [001] elongation; {010}, {100}, and {_110} faces present (TL material)
Geological Setting of Type Material:
cavities and groundmass of phonolites (TL material); carbonatites
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
NephelineAnalcimeAlbiteAegirine

Synonyms of Hainite-(Y)Hide

Other Language Names for Hainite-(Y)Hide

Relationship of Hainite-(Y) to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Rinkite Group > Seidozerite Supergroup
Other Members of this group:
Batievaite-(Y)Y2Ca2Ti(Si2O7)2(OH)2(H2O)4Tric. 1 : P1
Fogoite-(Y)Na3Ca2Y2Ti(Si2O7)2OF3Tric. 1 : P1
GötzeniteNaCa6Ti(Si2O7)2OF3Tric. 1 : P1
GrenmariteNa4MnZr3(Si2O7)2O2F2Mon. 2/m : P2/b
KochiteNa3Ca2MnZrTi(Si2O7)2OF3Tric. 1 : P1
Mosandrite-(Ce)(Ca3REE)[(H2O)2Ca0.5☐0.5]Ti(Si2O7)2(OH)2(H2O)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
Nacareniobsite-(Ce)NbNa3Ca3(Ce,REE )(Si2O7)2OF3Mon.
Rinkite-(Ce)(Ca3Ce)Na(NaCa)Ti(Si2O7)2(OF)F2Mon.
RosenbuschiteNa6Ca6Zr3Ti(Si2O7)4O2F6Tric. 1 : P1
SeidozeriteNa4MnZr2Ti(Si2O7)2O2F2Mon.

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Tuperssuatsiaite3 photos of Hainite-(Y) associated with Tuperssuatsiaite on mindat.org.
Villiaumite2 photos of Hainite-(Y) associated with Villiaumite on mindat.org.
Makatite2 photos of Hainite-(Y) associated with Makatite on mindat.org.
Microcline2 photos of Hainite-(Y) associated with Microcline on mindat.org.
Fluorapophyllite-(K)2 photos of Hainite-(Y) associated with Fluorapophyllite-(K) on mindat.org.
Natrolite1 photo of Hainite-(Y) associated with Natrolite on mindat.org.
Feldspar Group1 photo of Hainite-(Y) associated with Feldspar Group on mindat.org.

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz GroupingHide

9.BE.02Wadsleyite(Mg,Fe2+)2(SiO4)Orth.
9.BE.05HennomartiniteSrMn3+2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2OOrth.
9.BE.05LawsoniteCaAl2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
9.BE.05NoelbensoniteBaMn3+2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2OOrth.
9.BE.05ItoigawaiteSrAl2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2OOrth.
9.BE.07IlvaiteCaFe3+Fe2+2(Si2O7)O(OH)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
9.BE.07ManganilvaiteCaFe2+Fe3+Mn2+(Si2O7)O(OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.10SuoluniteCa2(H2Si2O7) · H2OOrth.
9.BE.12JaffeiteCa6(Si2O7)(OH)6Trig. 3 : P3
9.BE.15FresnoiteBa2Ti(Si2O7)OTet.
9.BE.17BaghdaditeCa3(Zr,Ti)(Si2O7)O2Mon.
9.BE.17BurpaliteNa2CaZr(Si2O7)F2Mon.
9.BE.17CuspidineCa4(Si2O7)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.17Hiortdahlite(Na,Ca)2Ca4Zr(Mn,Ti,Fe)(Si2O7)2(F,O)4 Tric.
9.BE.17Janhaugite(Na,Ca)3(Mn2+,Fe2+)3(Ti,Zr,Nb)2(Si2O7)2O2(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BE.17Låvenite(Na,Ca)2(Mn2+,Fe2+)(Zr,Ti)(Si2O7)(O,OH,F)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.17Niocalite(Ca,Nb)4(Si2O7)(O,OH,F)2Mon.
9.BE.17NormanditeNaCa(Mn,Fe)(Ti,Nb,Zr)(Si2O7)OFMon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.17WöhleriteNaCa2(Zr,Nb)(Si2O7)(O,OH,F)2Mon. 2 : P21
9.BE.17Hiortdahlite INa4Ca8Zr2(Nb,Mn,Ti,Fe,Mg,Al)2(Si2O7)4O3F5
9.BE.17MarianoiteNa2Ca4(Nb,Zr)2(Si2O7)2(O,F)4Mon. 2 : P21
9.BE.20Mosandrite-(Ce)(Ca3REE)[(H2O)2Ca0.5☐0.5]Ti(Si2O7)2(OH)2(H2O)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.20Nacareniobsite-(Ce)NbNa3Ca3(Ce,REE )(Si2O7)2OF3Mon.
9.BE.22GötzeniteNaCa6Ti(Si2O7)2OF3Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.22RosenbuschiteNa6Ca6Zr3Ti(Si2O7)4O2F6Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.22KochiteNa3Ca2MnZrTi(Si2O7)2OF3Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.23DovyreniteCa6Zr(Si2O7)2(OH)4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
9.BE.25Barytolamprophyllite(Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)Mon.
9.BE.25EricssoniteBaMn2+2Fe3+(Si2O7)O(OH)Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BE.25Lamprophyllite(Na,Mn2+)3(Sr,Na)2(Ti,Fe3+)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH,O,F)2Mon.
9.BE.25Ericssonite-2OBaMn2+2Fe3+(Si2O7)O(OH)Orth.
9.BE.25SeidozeriteNa4MnZr2Ti(Si2O7)2O2F2Mon.
9.BE.25NabalamprophylliteNa3(Ba,Na)2Ti3(Si2O7)2O2(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m
9.BE.25GrenmariteNa4MnZr3(Si2O7)2O2F2Mon. 2/m : P2/b
9.BE.25SchülleriteBa2Na(Mn,Ca)(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)2Ti2(Si2O7)2(O,F)4Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.25LileyiteBa2(Na,Fe,Ca)3MgTi2(Si2O7)2O2F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BE.27MurmaniteNa2Ti2(Si2O7)O2 · 2H2OTric.
9.BE.30EpistoliteNa2(Nb,Ti)2(Si2O7)O2 · nH2OTric.
9.BE.32LomonosoviteNa5Ti2(Si2O7)(PO4)O2Tric.
9.BE.35VuonnemiteNa11Ti4+Nb2(Si2O7)2(PO4)2O3(F,OH)Tric.
9.BE.37SoboleviteNa13Ca2Mn2Ti3(Si2O7)2(PO4)4O3F3Mon. m : Pb
9.BE.40InneliteNa2CaBa4Ti3(Si2O7)2(SO4)2O4Tric.
9.BE.40PhosphoinneliteNa3Ba4Ti3(Si2O7)2(PO4,SO4)2O2FTric.
9.BE.42YoshimuraiteBa2Mn2Ti(Si2O7)(PO4)O(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.45QuadruphiteNa14Ca2Ti4(Si2O7)2(PO4)2O2FTric.
9.BE.47PolyphiteNa5(Na4Ca2)Ti2(Si2O7)(PO4)3O2F2Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.50BornemaniteNa6BaTi2Nb(Si2O7)2(PO4)O2(OH)F Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.50ShkatulkaliteNa10Mn2+Ti3Nb3(Si2O7)6(OH)2F · 12H2OMon.
9.BE.55BafertisiteBa2Fe2+4Ti2(Si2O72O2(OH)2F2Tric.
9.BE.55HejtmaniteBa2(Mn2+,Fe2+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F2Tric. 1
9.BE.55Bykovaite(Ba,Na,K)2(Na,Ti,Mn)4(Ti,Nb)2(Si2O7)2O2(H2O,F,OH)2 · 3.5H2OMon. 2/m
9.BE.55Nechelyustovite(Ba,Sr,K)2(Na,Ti,Mn)4(Ti,Nb)2(Si2O7)2O2(O,H2O,F)2 · 4.5H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BE.60Delindeite(Na,K)2(Ba,Ca)2(Ti,Fe,Al)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2 · 2H2OMon.
9.BE.65BusseniteNa2Ba2Fe2+Ti(Si2O7)(CO3)(OH)3FTric. 1 : P1
9.BE.67JinshajiangiteBaNaFe2+4Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2FMon. 2/m
9.BE.67PerraultiteBaNaMn2+4Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2FMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BE.67SurkhobiteNaCaBa2Mn8Ti4(Si2O7)4O5F5
9.BE.70Karnasurtite-(Ce)(Ce,La,Th)(Ti,Nb)(Al,Fe)(Si2O7)(OH)4 · 3H2O
9.BE.70Perrierite-(Ce)Ce4MgFe3+2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8
9.BE.70Strontiochevkinite(Sr,La,Ce,Ca)4Fe2+(Ti,Zr)2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8Mon.
9.BE.70Chevkinite-(Ce)(Ce,La,Ca,Th)4(Fe2+,Mg)(Fe2+,Ti,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+)2(Si2O7)2O8Mon.
9.BE.70Polyakovite-(Ce)(Ce,Ca)4(Mg,Fe2+)(Cr3+,Fe3+)2(Ti,Nb)2(Si2O7)2O8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BE.70RengeiteSr4ZrTi4(Si2O7)2O8Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.70MatsubaraiteSr4Ti5(Si2O7)2O8Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.70Dingdaohengite-(Ce)(Ce,La)4Fe2+(Ti,Fe2+,Mg,Fe2+)2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.70Maoniupingite-(Ce)(Ce,Ca)4(Fe3+,Ti,Fe2+,◻)(Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+,Nb)4(Si2O7)2O8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BE.70Perrierite-(La)(La,Ce,Ca)4(Fe,Mn2+,Mg)Fe3+2(Ti,Fe3+)2(Si2O7)2O8Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.70UKI-2008-(SiO:SrTiZr)Sr4ZrTi4(Si2O7)2O8Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
9.BE.70Hezuolinite(Sr,REE)4Zr(Ti,Fe3+)4(Si2O7)2O8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BE.72FersmaniteCa4(Na,Ca)4(Ti,Nb)4(Si2O7)2O8F3Tric.
9.BE.75BelkoviteBa3(Nb,Ti)6(Si2O7)2O12Hex.
9.BE.77NasonitePb6Ca4(Si2O7)3Cl2Hex.
9.BE.80KentrolitePb2Mn3+2(Si2O7)O2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcm
9.BE.80MelanotekitePb2Fe3+2(Si2O7)O2Orth.
9.BE.82TilleyiteCa5(Si2O7)(CO3)2Mon.
9.BE.85KillalaiteCa6.4(H0.6Si2O7)2(OH)2Mon.
9.BE.87Stavelotite-(La)(La,Nd,Ca)3Mn2+3Cu(Mn3+,Fe3+,Mn4+)26(Si2O7)6O30Trig. 3 : P31
9.BE.90Biraite-(Ce)Ce2Fe2+(Si2O7)(CO3)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.92Cervandonite-(Ce)(Ce,Nd,La)(Fe3+,Fe2+,Ti,Al)3O2(Si2O7)(As3+O3)(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
9.BE.95BatisiviteBaV3+8Ti6(Si2O7)O22Tric. 1 : P1

Related Minerals - Dana Grouping (8th Ed.)Hide

56.2.4.1BaghdaditeCa3(Zr,Ti)(Si2O7)O2Mon.
56.2.4.2BurpaliteNa2CaZr(Si2O7)F2Mon.
56.2.4.3CuspidineCa4(Si2O7)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
56.2.4.4Låvenite(Na,Ca)2(Mn2+,Fe2+)(Zr,Ti)(Si2O7)(O,OH,F)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
56.2.4.5WöhleriteNaCa2(Zr,Nb)(Si2O7)(O,OH,F)2Mon. 2 : P21
56.2.4.6Niocalite(Ca,Nb)4(Si2O7)(O,OH,F)2Mon.
56.2.4.7Hiortdahlite(Na,Ca)2Ca4Zr(Mn,Ti,Fe)(Si2O7)2(F,O)4 Tric.
56.2.4.8RosenbuschiteNa6Ca6Zr3Ti(Si2O7)4O2F6Tric. 1 : P1
56.2.4.10Janhaugite(Na,Ca)3(Mn2+,Fe2+)3(Ti,Zr,Nb)2(Si2O7)2O2(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
56.2.4.11JenniteCa9(Si3O9)2(OH)8 · 8H2OTric.
56.2.4.12Komarovite(Ca,Mn)Nb2[O3|Si2O7] · 3.5H2OOrth.
56.2.4.13Natrokomarovite(Na,Ca,H)2Nb2Si2O10(OH,F)2 · H2OOrth.
56.2.4.14SuoluniteCa2(H2Si2O7) · H2OOrth.
56.2.4.15MongoliteCa4Nb6Si5O24(OH)10 · nH2OTet.

Other InformationHide

Notes:
Fluoresces under electron beam.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Hainite-(Y)Hide

Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Blumrich, J. (1893) Die Phonolithe des Friedländer Bezirkes in Nordböhmen, Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Vol. 13, No 6, 465-495.
Rastsvetaeva R.K., Pushcharovsky D.Yu, Atencio D. (1995) Crystal structure of giannetite. Crystallography Reports 40(4), 574-578.
Johan, Z., Cech, F. (1989) New data on hainite, Na2Ca4(Ti,Zr,Mn,Fe,Nb,Ta)1.500.50)(Si2O7)2F4 and its crystallochemical relationship with götzenite, Na2Ca5Ti(Si2O7)2F4. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Série II, 308, 1237-1242 (in French).
Atencio, D., Coutinho, J.M.V., Ulbrich, M.N.C., Vlach, S.R.F., Rastsvetaeva, R.K., Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (1999) Hainite from Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The Canadian Mineralogist, 37, 91-98.
Christiansen, C.C., Johnsen, O., Makovicky, E. (2003) Crystal chemistry of the rosenbuschite group. The Canadian Mineralogist 41, 1203-1224.
Giester, G., Pertlik, F., Ulrych, J. (2005) Die Kristallstruktur des Minerals Hainit. Mitteilung der Österreichischen Mineralologischen Gesellschaft 151, 45. (in German) [Poster abstract]
Sokolova, E. (2006) From structure topology to chemical composition. I. Structural hierarchy and stereochemistry in titanium disilicate minerals. The Canadian Mineralogist, 44, 1273.
Lyalina, L., Zolotarev Jr, A., Selivanova, E., Savchenko, Y., Zozulya, D., Krivovichev, S., Mikhailova, Y. (2015) Structural characterization and composition of Y-rich hainite from Sakharjok nepheline syenite pegmatite (Kola Peninsula, Russia). Mineralogy and Petrology, 1-9.
Anthony, J.W., Bideaux, R.A., Bladh, K.W. and Nichols, M.C., Eds. Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineralogical Society of America, Chantilly, VA 20151-1110, USA. http://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/ (2016)
Sokolova, E. & Camara, F. (2017): The seidozerite supergroup of TS-block minerals: nomenclature and classification, with change of the following names: rinkite to rinkite-(Ce), mosandrite to mosandrite-(Ce), hainite to hainite-(Y) and innelite-1T to innelite-1A. Mineralogical Magazine: 81 (in press)

Internet Links for Hainite-(Y)Hide

Localities for Hainite-(Y)Hide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (eg from pseudomorphs.)

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Brazil
 
  • Minas Gerais
Atencio, D., Coutinho, J. M. V., Ulbrich, M. N. C., Vlach, S. R. F., Rastsvetaeva, R. K., & Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (1999). Hainite from Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The Canadian Mineralogist, 37, 91-98.
      • Poços de Caldas
ATENCIO, D., COUTINHO, J.M.C., ULBRICH, M.N.C., VLACH, S.R.F., RASTVETAEVA, R.K. & PUSHCHAROVSKY, D.Yu. (1999) Hainite from Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Canadian Mineralogist, 37, 91-98.
Atencio et al (1999) Canadian Mineralogist 37, 91-98
Czech Republic (TL)
 
  • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
    • Liberec Region
      • Jizerské Mtn (Iser Mtn)
Johan, Z. & Cech, F. (1989): New data on hainite, Na2Ca4((Ti,Zr,Mn,Fe,Nb,Ta)1.500.50)(Si2O7)2F4 and its crystallochemical relationship with götzenite, Na2Ca5Ti(Si2O7)2F4. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Série II, 308, 1237-1242 (in French).; Blumrich, J. (1893): Die Phonolithe des Friedländer Bezirkes in Nordböhmen, Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Vol. 13, No 6, 465-495
    • Ústí Region
      • Most
        • Želenice
Pazdernik, P.: Compositional variations in the sodalite-bearing nephelinite phonolite from Želenický vrch Hill, North Bohemia. Acta Universitatis Carolinae – Geologica, 1997, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 65-79.
Greenland
 
  • Kujalleq
    • Narsaq
Lyalina, L., Zolotarev Jr, A., Selivanova, E., Savchenko, Y., Zozulya, D., Krivovichev, S., & Mikhailova, Y. (2015). Structural characterization and composition of Y-rich hainite from Sakharjok nepheline syenite pegmatite (Kola Peninsula, Russia). Mineralogy and Petrology, 1-9.
Italy
 
  • Campania
    • Phlegrean Volcanic Complex
      • Naples Province
Melluso, L., Morra, V., Guarino, V., de’Gennaro, R., Franciosi, L., & Grifa, C. (2014). The crystallization of shoshonitic to peralkaline trachyphonolitic magmas in a H 2 O–Cl–F-rich environment at Ischia (Italy), with implications for the feeder system of the Campania Plain volcanoes. Lithos, 210, 242-259
Libya
 
  • Al Jabal al Gharbi District
    • Gharyan (Gharian)
Lustrino, M., Cucciniello, C., Melluso, L., Tassinari, C. C., dè Gennaro, R., & Serracino, M. (2012). Petrogenesis of Cenozoic volcanic rocks in the NW sector of the Gharyan volcanic field, Libya. Lithos, 155, 218-235.
Morocco
 
  • Drâa-Tafilalet Region
    • Ouarzazate Province
Berger, J., Ennih, N., Mercier, J. C., Liégeois, J. P., & Demaiffe, D. (2009). The role of fractional crystallization and late-stage peralkaline melt segregation in the mineralogical evolution of Cenozoic nephelinites/phonolites from Saghro (SE Morocco). Mineralogical magazine, 73(1), 59-82.
Norway
 
  • Vestfold
    • Larvik
      • Langesundsfjorden
Christiansen, C.C. & Johnsen, O. (2003): Crystal chemistry of the Rosenbuschite group. Canadian Mineralogist. 41: 1203-1224
Christiansen, C.C. & Johnsen, O. (2003): Crystal chemistry of the Rosenbuschite group. Canadian Mineralogist. 41: 1203-1224; Larsen, A. O. (ed.) (2010): The Langesundsfjord. History, geology, pegmatites, minerals. Bode Verlag Gmbh, Salzhemmendorf, Germany, 240p
Andersen, T., Erambert, M., Larsen, A.O. & Selbekk, R.S. (2012): Petrology of nepheline syenite pegmatites in the Oslo Rift, Norway: Zr and Ti mineral assemblages in miaskitic and agpaitic pegmatites in the Larvik Plutonic Complex. Mineralogia Polonica. 43 (2), 3- 34
Russia
 
  • Northern Region
    • Murmanskaja Oblast'
      • Kola Peninsula
Lyalina, L., Zolotarev Jr, A., Selivanova, E., Savchenko, Y., Zozulya, D., Krivovichev, S., & Mikhailova, Y. (2015). Structural characterization and composition of Y-rich hainite from Sakharjok nepheline syenite pegmatite (Kola Peninsula, Russia). Mineralogy and Petrology, 1-9.
Mineral and/or Locality  
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