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Actinolite
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Formula:
☐{Ca2}{Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Colour:
Green, green-black, grey-green, or black
Lustre:
Vitreous, Silky
Hardness:
5 - 6
Specific Gravity:
3.03 - 3.24
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1794 by Richard Kirwan from the Greek ακτίνα ("aktina") for "ray" and λίθος ("lithos") for "stone" in allusion to the fibrous nature of the original specimens.
Type locality not known.
Type locality not known.
Note: Tremolite is defined as having an Mg/(Mg+Fe2+) ratio ≥ 0.9; actinolite has a ratio of 0.5–0.9 and ferro-actinolite has a ratio of less than 0.5. The name actinolite was retained in the nomenclature, since it is entrenched in the literature.
As bladed crystals, to 15 cm; columnar, may be kinked or bent; radiating fibrous to asbestiform; granular to massive.
Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Actinolite.
As bladed crystals, to 15 cm; columnar, may be kinked or bent; radiating fibrous to asbestiform; granular to massive.
Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Actinolite.
Classification of ActinoliteHide
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Notes:
Redefined by the IMA
First Published:
1794
Approval History:
Redefined by IMA in 2012 (special procedure).
8/F.10-20
9.DE.10
9.DE.10
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
E : Inosilicates with 2-periodic double chains, Si4O11; Clinoamphiboles
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
E : Inosilicates with 2-periodic double chains, Si4O11; Clinoamphiboles
14.23.2
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
23 : Silicates of Fe, Mg, Ca
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
23 : Silicates of Fe, Mg, Ca
Pronounciation of ActinoliteHide
Pronounciation:
| Play | Recorded by | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Jolyon & Katya Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of ActinoliteHide
Vitreous, Silky
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Green, green-black, grey-green, or black
Comment:
Colourless, pale green to deep green in thin section.
Streak:
White
Hardness:
5 - 6 on Mohs scale
Hardness Data:
Measured
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
on {110}
on {110}
Parting:
on {100}
Fracture:
Splintery
Density:
3.03 - 3.24 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.07 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of ActinoliteHide
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.613 - 1.646 nβ = 1.624 - 1.656 nγ = 1.636 - 1.666
2V:
Measured: 79° to 86°, Calculated: 78° to 82°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.023
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r < v
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
X= pale yellow, yellowish green
Y= pale yellow-gree, green
Z= pale green, deep greenish blue
Y= pale yellow-gree, green
Z= pale green, deep greenish blue
Chemical Properties of ActinoliteHide
Formula:
☐{Ca2}{Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
IMA Formula:
Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Σ=5Si8O22(OH)2
Idealised Formula:
☐{Ca2}{(Mg,Fe2+)5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Common Impurities:
Mn,Al,Na,K,Ti
Age informationHide
Age range:
Orosirian : 1943 Ma to 1835 Ma - based on mindat.org data.
Crystallography of ActinoliteHide
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.891 Å, b = 18.2 Å, c = 5.31 Å
β = 104.64°
β = 104.64°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.543 : 1 : 0.292
Unit Cell V:
924.85 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Twinning:
simple or lamellar, common parallel {100}; lamellar, less common parallel {001}
X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide
Image Loading
Radiation - Copper Kα
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 8.47 | (70) |
| 5.305 | (10) |
| 4.91 | (70) |
| 3.401 | (80) |
| 3.143 | (70) |
| 2.719 | (100) |
| 2.543 | (100) |
Comments:
ICDD 25-0157
Synonyms of ActinoliteHide
Other Language Names for ActinoliteHide
Basque:Aktinolita
Bulgarian:Актинолит
Czech:Aktinolit
Dutch:Actinoliet
Finnish:Aktinoliitti
French:Actinote
Hebrew:אקטינוליט
Hungarian:Aktinolit
Italian:Actinolite
Actinolota
Actinolota
Japanese:緑閃石
Latvian:Aktinolīts
Low Saxon:Aktinolith
Polish:Aktynolit
Portuguese:Actinolita
Russian:Актинолит
Serbian (Cyrillic Script):Актинолит
Simplified Chinese:阳起石
Slovak:Aktinolit
Swedish:Aktinolit
Ukrainian:Актиноліт
Varieties of ActinoliteHide
| Smaragdite | An emerald green variety of actinolite, owing its colour to a faint chromium content. |
Relationship of Actinolite to other SpeciesHide
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Ferro-actinolite | ☐{Ca2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| Ferro-fluoro-actinolite | ☐{Ca2}{Fe5}(Si8O22)F2 | |
| Fluoro-tremolite | ☐{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Tremolite | ☐{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Forms a series with:
Common AssociatesHide
| Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Chlorite Group | A group of mostly monoclinic (also triclinic or orthorhombic) micaceous phyllosilicate minerals with a structure ... |
| Epidote | {Ca2}{Al2Fe3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH) |
| Glaucophane | ◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| Lawsonite | CaAl2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2O |
| Pumpellyite | Synonymous with members of the Pumpellyite Group (which includes also 'julgoldite'). |
| Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| Quartz | 164 photos of Actinolite associated with Quartz on mindat.org. |
| Calcite | 132 photos of Actinolite associated with Calcite on mindat.org. |
| Epidote | 96 photos of Actinolite associated with Epidote on mindat.org. |
| Titanite | 46 photos of Actinolite associated with Titanite on mindat.org. |
| Magnetite | 38 photos of Actinolite associated with Magnetite on mindat.org. |
| Talc | 38 photos of Actinolite associated with Talc on mindat.org. |
| Oligoclase | 38 photos of Actinolite associated with Oligoclase on mindat.org. |
| Axinite-(Fe) | 37 photos of Actinolite associated with Axinite-(Fe) on mindat.org. |
| Prehnite | 37 photos of Actinolite associated with Prehnite on mindat.org. |
| Dyscrasite | 36 photos of Actinolite associated with Dyscrasite on mindat.org. |
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz GroupingHide
| 9.DE.05 | Anthophyllite | ☐{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
| 9.DE.05 | Cummingtonite | ☐{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.05 | Clino-holmquistite Root Name | ☐{Li2}{Z2+3Z3+2}(Si8O22)(OH,F,Cl)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.05 | Grunerite | ☐{Fe2+2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.05 | Manganocummingtonite | ☐{Mn2+2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.05 | Manganogrunerite | ☐{Mn2+2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.05 | Permanganogrunerite | ☐{Mn2+2}{Mn2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.05 | Ferro-fluoro-pedrizite | {Na}{Li2}{Fe2Al2Li}(Al2Si6O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.05 | Ferri-fluoro-leakeite | {Na}{Na2}{Mg2Fe3+2Li}(Si8O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferri-tschermakite | ☐{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-actinolite | ☐{Ca2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-hornblende | ☐{Ca2}{Fe2+4Al}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-tschermakite | ☐{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.10 | Joesmithite | {Pb}{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Be2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.10 | Magnesio-hornblende | ☐{Ca2}{Mg4Al}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.10 | Tremolite | ☐{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.10 | Tschermakite | ☐(Ca2)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.10 | Cannilloite | Ca(Ca2)(Mg4Al)(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.10 | Fluoro-cannilloite | {Ca}{Ca2}{Mg4Al}(Al3Si5O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.10 | Parvo-manganotremolite | ☐{CaMn2+}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.10 | Fluoro-tremolite | ☐{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.10 | Potassic-fluoro-pargasite | {K}{Ca2}{Mg4Al}(Al2Si6O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Edenite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg5}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-edenite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+5}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-kaersutite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+3AlTi}(Al2Si6O22)O2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-pargasite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+4Al}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Hastingsite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+4Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Kaersutite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg3AlTi}(Al2Si6O22)O2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Magnesio-hastingsite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Pargasite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg4Al}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Fluoro-edenite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg5}(AlSi7O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : P2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-ferri-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-pargasite | {K}{Ca2}{Mg4Al}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Magnesio-fluoro-hastingsite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-fluoro-hastingsite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+4Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-chloro-hastingsite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+4Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(Cl,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Fluoro-pargasite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg4Al}(Al2Si6O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Parvo-mangano-edenite | {Na}{CaMn2+}{Mg5}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-chloro-pargasite | {K}{Ca2}{Mg4Al}(Al2Si6O22)(Cl,OH)2 | |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-chloro-edenite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+5}(AlSi7O22)(Cl,OH)2 | |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-magnesio-hastingsite | {K}{Ca2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-pargasite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+4Al}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Chromio-pargasite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg4Cr3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Barroisite | ☐{CaNa}{Mg3Al2}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-barroisite | ☐(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-winchite | ☐[CaNa][Fe2+4(Fe3+,Al)]Si8O22(OH)2 | |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-barroisite | ☐(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-katophorite | Na(NaCa)(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-barroisite | ☐{CaNa}{Fe2+3Al2}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-richterite | {Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-winchite | ☐{CaNa}{Fe2+4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-katophorite | {Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2 | |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Magnesiotaramite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg3AlFe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Richterite | {Na}{NaCa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Winchite | ☐{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Taramite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-richterite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Katophorite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-fluoro-richterite | {K}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-richterite | K[CaNa][Mg5]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-ghoseite | ☐[Mn2+Na][Mg4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-winchite | ☐[CaNa][Mg4(Fe3+,Al)]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-taramite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Arfvedsonite | [Na][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Eckermannite | NaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-eckermannite | NaNa2(Fe2+4Al)Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-glaucophane | ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Glaucophane | ◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-mangani-leakeite | [(Na,K)][Na2][Mg2Mn3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangano-ferri-eckermannite | [Na][Na2][Mn2+4(Fe3+)]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-leakeite | [Na][Na2][Mg2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Magnesio-riebeckite | ◻{Na2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Magnesio-arfvedsonite | {Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Nybøite | NaNa2(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Riebeckite | ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangano-mangani-ungarettiite | NaNa2(Mn2+2Mn3+3)(Si8O22)O2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-nybøite | NaNa2[(Fe2+3,Mg)Fe3+2](AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Clino-ferro-ferri-holmquistite | ◻{Li2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-nybøite | NaNa2(Mg3Fe3+2](AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-leakeite | [Na][Na2][Fe2+2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-leakeite | Na(Na2)(Fe2+2Fe3+2Li)(Si8O22)(F)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Sodic-ferri-clinoferroholmquistite | Na0.5{Li2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite | [Na][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22](F,OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-pedrizite | [Na][Li2][Mg2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-ferri-leakeite | [K][Na2][Mg2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-nybøite | NaNa2(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangani-dellaventuraite | {Na}{Na2}{MgMn3+2LiTi4+}Si8O22O2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-pedrizite | NaLi2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-arfvedsonite | [(K,Na)][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangani-obertiite | Na(Na2)(Mg3Mn3+Ti)(Si8O22)O2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite | [(K,Na)][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22][(F,OH)2] | |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-pedrizite | [Na][Li2][Fe2+2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-magnesio-arfvedsonite | [K][Na2][Mg4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Pedrizite | NaLi2(LiMg2Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-pedrizite | NaLi2(Fe2+2Al2Li)Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-leakeite | NaNa2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-obertiite | NaNa2(Fe2+3Fe3+Ti)Si8O22O2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals GroupingHide
| 14.23.1 | Pigeonite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Other InformationHide
Health Risks:
Dust from asbestiform varieties of actinolite can cause serious and irreversible lung disease when inhaled. Avoid creating or inhaling dust.
Actinolite in petrologyHide
An essential component of (items highlighted in red)
Common component of (items highlighted in red)
Accessory component of (items highlighted in red)
References for ActinoliteHide
Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Kirwan, R. (1794) 16th species: actynolite. in Elements of Mineralogy, 2nd Edition, Volume 1, Elmsly (London) 167-170.
Hawthorne, F.C. (1983) The crystal chemistry of the amphiboles; Introduction. The Canadian Mineralogist: 21: 174.
Hawthorne, F.C. (1983) The crystal chemistry of the amphiboles; Classification and nomenclature. The Canadian Mineralogist: 21: 175-176.
Mandarino, J.A. (1998) The Second List of Additions and Corrections to the Glossary of Mineral Species (1995). The Amphibole Group. Mineralogical Record: 29: 169-174.
Hawthorne, F.C., Oberti, R. (2006) On the classification of amphiboles. The Canadian Mineralogist: 44: 1-21.
Internet Links for ActinoliteHide
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-18.html
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Specimens:
The following Actinolite specimens are currently listed for sale on minfind.com.
Localities for ActinoliteHide
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality ListShow
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Antarctica | AmMin 36:361-367 |
| Schlüter, J., Estrada, S., Lisker, F., Läufer, A., Kühn, R., Nitzsche, K. N., & Spiegel, C. (2011). First petrographical description of rock occurrences in the Steingarden area, Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica. Polarforschung, 80(3), 161-172. |
| Faure, G.; Felder, R.P. (1984) Lithium-bearing pegmatite and bismuth-antimony-lead-copper-bearing veinlets on Mount Madison, Byrd Glacier area. Antarctic Journal of the U.S., 19(5), 13-14. |
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| SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit Details Deposit Number: 939 | |
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| Orth, K. (2002), Setting of the Paleoproterozoic Koongie Park Formation and Carbonate Associated Base Metal Mineralisation at Koongie Park Northwestern Australia (thesis), University of Tasmania, 2002 |
| Orth, K. (2002) Setting of the Paleoproterozoic Koongie Park Formation and Carbonate-associated Base Metal Mineralisation, at Koongie Park, Northwestern Australia, PhD. Thesis, University of Tasmania, November 2002. [http://eprints.utas.edu.au/8932/] | |
| Orth, K. (2002), Setting of the Paleoproterozoic Koongie Park Formation and Carbonate Associated Base Metal Mineralisation at Koongie Park Northwestern Australia (thesis), University of Tasmania, November 2002 | |
| Bagas, L., Anderson, J.A.C., and Bierlein, F.P. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 47-67. |
| Steadman, J. A., Large, R. R., Davidson, G. J., Bull, S. W., Thompson, J., Ireland, T. R., & Holden, P. (2014). Paragenesis and composition of ore minerals in the Randalls BIF-hosted gold deposits, Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia: Implications for the timing of deposit formation and constraints on gold sources. Precambrian Research, 243, 110-132. | |
| Econ Geol (1997) 92:407-437 |
| Marston, R.J. (1984) Nickel Mineralization in Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin 14, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 291p. |
| Marston, R.J. (1984) Nickel Mineralization in Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin 14, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 291p. | |
| Kalgoorlie Miner newspaper (1934), Windanya. Old District Receiving Attention, 04/12/1934 | |
| Feldtmann, F.R. (1919), The Magnesite Deposits of Bulong. North-East Coolgardie Goldfield, Geological Survey of Western Australia, Bulletin 82, 1919 |
| Western Argus newspaper (Kalgoorlie) (1917), Binti Binti. Melba Proprietary G.M., 16/10/1917 |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 1, pp 116, 1948 |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 2, pp597, 1948 | |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, P176 | |
| Marston, R.J. (1984) Nickel Mineralization in Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin 14, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 291p. |
| Steadman, J.A., Large, A.A., Davidson, G.J., Bull, S.W., Thompson, J., Ireland, T.R., Holden, P. (2014), Paragenesis and Composition of Ore Minerals in the Randalls BIF Hosted Gold Deposits Yilgarn Craton Western Australia: implications for timing of deposit formation and constraints in gold source, Precambrian Research, 243, pp110-132, 2014 | |
| http://www.silverlakeresources.com.au/ | |
| Econ Geol (1997) 92:407-437; Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 | |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 1, p 157 | |
| Mueller, A.G. (2007), Copper-Gold Endoskarns and High Mg Monzodiorite-Tonalite Intrusions at Mt Shea Kalgoorlie Australia, Mineralium Deposita, Oct 2007 |
| Fred Rose- leasee of the nearby Mt Holland rubellite mine |
| Marston, R.J. (1984) Nickel Mineralization in Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin 14, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 291p. |
| http://www.poseidonresources.com/laverton-project |
| Duuring, P., Hagemann, S.G., and Groves, D.I. (2000): Mineralium Deposita 35, 402-421. |
| Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 |
| Mueller, A.G., Hall, G.C., Nemchin, A.A., Stein, H.J., Creaser, R.A., and Mason, D.R. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 337-362. | |
| Thebaud, N (2014), The Orogenic Gold Deposits of the Agnew Gold Camp, centre for Exploration Targeting, Quarterly News, 30/12/2014 |
| Thebaud, N. (2014), The Orogenic Gold Deposits of the Agnew Gold Camp. Yilgarn Craton. Western Australia, Centre of Exploration Targetting, Quarterly News, 30/12/2014 | |
| Carver et al (2004), Redeemer Au Deposit Agnew District Western Australia, CRC LEME, 2004 | |
| Thebaud, N. (2014), The Orogenic Gold Deposits of the Agnew Gold Camp, Centre for Exploration Targeting, Quarterly News, 30/12/2014 | |
| Neil Phillips, G., Vearncombe, J.R., and Eshuys, E. (1998): Mineralium Deposita 33, 310-316. |
| Kenworthy, S., & Hagemann, S. G. (2005). Decoupled lamprophyric magmatism and gold mineralization at the Archean Darlot lode gold deposit, Western Australia. In Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge (pp. 987-990). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 1, p351 |
| Mock, C. et al (1987), Gold Deposits of Western Australia, BMR, Datafile (MINDEP), Resource Deposit 3, Dept of Primary Industries and Energy, Bur of Mineral Resources Geology and Geophysics, Commonwealth Government of Australia, 1987 | |
| Barnes, S.J.(2007): Cotectic Precipitation of Olivine and Sulfide Liquid from Komatiite Magma and the Origin of Komatiite Hosted Disseminated Nickel Sulfide Mineralisation at Mt Keith and Yakabindie Western Australia, Economic Geology (2007):102(2): 299-304 |
| http://www.vesuviusminerals.com.au/vanadium_project |
| Western Mail newspaper (Perth), The Garden Gully Find. Official Report on the Kyarra, 10/12/1910 |
| E. de., Simpson, E.S., Farquharson, R.A. (1916), The Geology and Ore Bodies at Meekatharra. Murchison Goldfield, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 1916 | |
| http://www.ore.com.au/crm/oreas-251 |
| Northern Star Limited (2015), Northern Star Plutonic Operations Fact Sheet, 2015 |
| Johnson, S.L., Wright, A.H. (2003), Mine Void Water Resources Issues in Western Australia, Water and Rivers Commission Report, Government of Western Australia, 2003. | |
| Australian Journal of Mineralogy; Vol 12, Number 1, June 2006; The Minerals of Comet Vale; B.A. Grguric, A.W.R. Bevan, P.J. Downes, A.Pring; pp 9-23 |
| Lintern, M.J., Calcrete Sampling for Mineral Exploration, CRC LEME (date?) (there is not date listed on this source but is likely to be around 1998 when an interest was taken by the CSIRO for the site) |
| Robertson, I.D.M., Douglas, G.B. (2003), Lights of Israel Gold Deposit Davyhurst W.A., CRC LEME, 2003 |
| Blewett, R.S., Czarnota, K, (2007), Tectnostratigraphic Architecture and Uplift History of the Eastern Yilgarn Craton, Module 3, Terrane Structures, Project y-p763, Geoscience Australia, Commonwealth of Australia, 2007 |
| Econ Geol (1997) 92:407-437 | |
| Mineralogical Magazine 1974 39 : 737-743 | |
| Stratum Metals (2015), Potential to Join Existing Gold Open Pits Identified at East Menzies- ASX announcement, 09/11/2015 |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 1, p 156 | |
| The West Australian newspaper (Perth) (1907), The Pinjin Leases. Mr. Montgomery's Report, 04/01/1907 |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 1, p 464 |
| Emeralds of the World English extraLapis Vol. 2 2002 pp24-35 | |
| Abeysinghe, P.B. (1996) Talc, Pyrophyllite and Magnesite in Western Australia: Western Australia Geological Survey, Mineral Resources Bulletin 16, 129p. |
| Simpson, E.S. 91948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 1, p 427 |
| Neumayr, P., Ridley, J.R., Mcnaughton, N., Kinny, P.D., Barley, M., Groves, D., (1998) Timing of gold mineralization in the Mt York district, Pilgangoora greenstone belt, and implications for the tectonic and metamorphic evolution of an area linking the western and eastern Pilbara Craton. Precambrian Research, Vol. 88, 1998, p. 249-265 (University of Western Australia). |
| Marston, R.J. (1984) Nickel Mineralization in Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin 14, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 291p. |
| Ferguson, K.M. (1999) Lead, Zinc and Silver Deposits of Western Australia. Geological Survey of Western Australia, Mineral Resources Bulletin 15. |
| Mock, C. et al (1987), Gold Deposits of Western Australia, BMR, Datafile (MINDEP), Resource Deposit 3, Dept of Primary Industries and Energy, Bur of MIneral Resources Geology and Geophysics, Commonwealth Government of Australia, 1987 |
| Mock, C. et al (1987), Gold Deposits of Western Australia, BMR, Datafile (MINDEP), Resource Deposit 3, Dept of Primary Industries and Energy, Bur of Mineral Resources Geology and Geophysics, Commonwealth Government of Australia, 1987 | |
| Marston, R.J. (1984) Nickel Mineralization in Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin 14, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 291p. |
| Simpson, E.S., (1948) Minerals of Western Australia. Volume 1-3. Government Printer, Perth. |
| Neil Phillips, G., Vearncombe, J.R., and Eshuys, E. (1998): Mineralium Deposita 33, 310-316. |
| Disseminated and Massive Nickel Sulphide Deposits,Honeymoon Well Complex, Western Australia; M Gole and M Woodhouse, Journal of the Virtual Explorer; ISSN 1441-8142 Vol 1 paper 2, 2000 |
| Grguric, B.A. (2003) Minerals of the MKD5 nickel deposit, Mount Keith, Western Australia. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 9, No.2 pp.55-71. |
| Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 |
| Edward S. Simpson (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 1 p229, Vol 2 p586, Vol 3 p676 |
| Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 |
| www.portergeo.com.au | |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, p 689 |
| Econ Geol (1997) 92:181-209 | |
| Econ Geol (1984) 79:162-171; Econ Geol (1997) 92:181-209; Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 | |
| Economic Geology (1997) 92:181-209. |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, p 456 |
| Nugus, M.J. et al (2003), Enigmatic Kinematics Resolved in the Taurus Shear Zone Golden Pig Mine Southern Cross WA, 5th International Mining Geology Conference, Bendigo Vic Nov 17-19 2003 |
| Ore Petrology Chemistry and Timing of Electrum in the Archaean Hypozonal Transvaal Lode Gold Deposit, Western Australia; SG Hagemann, PE Brown, J Ridley, P Stern, J Fournelle; Economic Geology, V93May 1998, pp 271-291 | |
Austria | |
| Autorenkollektiv (Red. M. A. Götzinger und P. Huber) (2009): Die Mineralien des Burgenlandes - Geologie, Mineralogie und mineralische Rohstoffe. – Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten aus dem Burgenland, Band 126, Amt der Burgenländischen Landesregierung, Abteilung 7 - Landesmuseum, Eisenstadt, 256 S. |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| |
| H. Meixner: Der Karinthin 6:108-120 (1949) |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| Paar, W.H., and Niedermayr, G. (1998): Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft 143, 425-435. |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| Pichler (2009) |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| Bergbau in Westkärnten |
| F. H. Ucik: Carinthia II, 159./79.:32-33 (1969) |
| F. H. Ucik: Carinthia II, 159./79.: 32-33 (1969) |
| F. H. Ucik: Carinthia II, 159./79.:32-33 (1969) |
| F. H. Ucik: Carinthia II, 159./79.: 32-33 (1969) |
| Carinthia II (2013) |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| Niedermayr (1997) |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| W. Postl: Carinthia II 186./106.:135-138 (1996) |
| Niedermayr, G. (2007): 1502) Albit, Aktinolith, Chalcopyrit, Epidot-Klinozoisit, Hämatit, Ilmenit Klinochlor und Quarz von einem Straßenaufschluss bei Prigglitz, Niederösterreich. - In: Niedermayr, G. et al.: Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LVI, Carinthia II, 197/117, Teil 1, 173, Klagenfurt. |
| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993) |
| Kiesewetter, L. & Knobloch, G. (2003): Die Minerale des Raumes Spitz/Donau. MEFOS, 14/26, 4-22 |
| Huber, S. and Huber, P. (1977): Mineral-Fundstellen Band 8: Oberösterreich, Niederösterreich und Burgenland. C. Weise Verlag, München, 270 pp. (in German); MEIXNER, H. (1976): 375. Mineralfunde vom Arzberg bei Spitz an der Donau, Niederösterreich. Pp. 32-35 in MEIXNER, H. (1976): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich XXVI. Carinthia II, 166./86., 11-42. |
| Götzinger, M. A., Beran, A. & Libowitzky, E. (1994): Exkursion A: Mineralvorkommen und Lagerstätten im östlichen Waldviertel. Mitt. Österr. Mineral. Ges. 139, 389-405. |
| Götzinger, M. A. (1981): Mineralogische Untersuchungen des Magnetitvorkommens Kottaun bei Geras, niederösterreichisches Moldanubikum. Ein Beitrag zur Genese von Skarnen. Sitzungsber. Österr. Akad. Wiss., math.-naturw. Kl., 190, 45-78. |
| Huber, S., Huber, P. (1977): Mineralfundstellen. Band 8: Oberösterreich, Niederösterreich und Burgenland. - 271 p., München - Innsbruck (Christian Weise, Pinguin). |
| Database „Minerale NÖ“ (A. Thinschmidt and co-workers) |
| SIGMUND, Alois (1937a): Die Minerale Niederösterreichs.- 2. Aufl., XI + 247 S., Wien - Leipzig (Deuticke). |
| peter neschen collection |
| Löffler, E. & Kolitsch, U. (2011): Die Mineralien der Loja bei Persenbeug, Niederösterreich (I). Mineralien-Welt. 22 (3): 73-84 | |
| Löffler, E. & Kolitsch, U. (2011): Die Mineralien der Loja bei Persenbeug, Niederösterreich (II). Mineralien-Welt. 22 (4): 51-62 | |
| Löffler, E. & Kolitsch, U. (2011): Die Mineralien der Loja bei Persenbeug, Niederösterreich (II). Mineralien-Welt. 22 (4): 51-62 | |
| Kolitsch, U. (2015): 1941) Aktinolith, Aragonit, Baryt, Fluorapatit, Gips und Siderit aus den Marmorbrüchen bei Winkl, Waldviertel, Niederösterreich. P. 252 in Niedermayr, G. et al. (2015): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXIV. Carinthia II, 205./125., 207-280. |
| Huber, S. & Huber, P. (1977): Mineral-Fundstellen Band 8: Oberösterreich, Niederösterreich und Burgenland. C. Weise Verlag, München, 270 pp. |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| S.Schwabl (2016) |
| Collection of Martin Slama, collected 2008 |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| Niedermayr, G. (1993): 913. Ein interessanter Fund von Rutil und Aktinolith von der „Prehnitinsel" im Habachtal, Salzburg. P. 276 in NIEDERMAYR, G., F. BRANDSTÄTTER, B. MOSER, W. H. PAAR, W. POSTL, J. TAUCHER & H.-P. BOJAR (1993): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich XIIL. Carinthia II, 183./103.: 265-290. |
| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| peter neschen collection |
| dan weinrich |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| peter neschen collection | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| Natural History Museum Vienna collection |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| Strasser, A.(1989): Die Minerale Salzburgs. Salzburg. 346p | |
| Van King |
| Collection Uwe Ludwig | |
| peter neschen collection |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| C. Auer: Lapis 20(11):11-20 (1995) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989); Paar, W.; Schantl, J.; Meixner, H.; Günther, W. (1978): Vorbericht über eine Chromitvererzung vom Federweißschartl, Schladminger Tauern, Lungau, Salzburg. Karinthin 79, 69-71. |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| G. Niedermayr, W. Postl, F. Walter: Carinthia II 175./95.:235-252 (1985) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| Sigmund, A. (1919): Die kristallinen Schiefer und die Minerale im Pöllergraben bei Gams nächst Frohnleiten. Mitteilungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines für Steiermark, 55, 127-150. |
| peter neschen collection |
| Schachinger, T., Auer, Ch., Tomazic, P., Bernhard, F. & Postl, W. (2013): Eine Blei-Zink-Silber-Mineralisation im Graschnitzgraben südlich von St. Marein im Mürztal, Fischbacher Alpen, Steiermark. Der Steirische Mineralog, 27, 4-9. |
| Chris Auer photo |
| Postl, W. et al. (2004) |
| Annalen 1999, p.11-22 |
| Freyn (1902), Redlich (1908) | |
| Aufschluss 1972(SB), 80-83 | |
| Offenbacher (1983) |
| peter neschen collection |
| Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen 12 (1968) 182-203. |
| Natural History Museum Vienna collection |
| C.Auer (2016) |
| Christian Bracke collection |
| Andrew Haighton Collection | |
| Collection of Volker Betz |
| Miller, C. (1970): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 28, 42-56. |
| Gerard van der Veldt collection |
| Extra Lapis No 12 Ziller valley | |
| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993) |
| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993) |
| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993) | |
| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993) |
Azerbaijan | |
| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia |
| Pavel M. Kartashov data |
Bangladesh | |
| Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 45(1), 17-26, 2010 |
Belgium | |
| - Fransolet, A.M., Kramm, U., Schreyer, W. (1977): Metamorphose und Magmatismus im Venn-Stavelot-Massiv, Ardennen, Fortschritte der Mineralogie, Vol. 55, Beiheft 2, pp.: 75-103 |
| Histoire, industrie, geologie des Carrières de Quenast. Claude Pire, 1993 |
Bolivia | |
| Alfredo Petrov collection. |
| Alfredo Petrov collection |
| Federico Ahlfeld and Jorge Muñoz Reyes (1955) Las Especies Minerales de Bolivia. (Banco Minero de Bolivia, 180 pp) | |
| Alfredo Petrov, field collected specimens.; Federico Ahlfeld and Jorge Muñoz Reyes (1955) Las Especies Minerales de Bolivia. (Banco Minero de Bolivia, 180 pp) | |
| Kempff, O., Tawackoli, S., and Paar, W.H. (2003) Minerales de Bolivia (Minera San Cristobal, S.A., La Paz) |
Brazil | |
| Cassedanne, J.P. & Cassedanne, J.O. (1978): Famous mineral localities: The Brumado district, Bahia , Brazil. Mineralogical Record 9 : 196-205 |
| [MinRec 9:204-205] | |
| Emeralds of the World English extraLapis Vol. 2 2002 pp24-35 |
| Emeralds of the World English extraLapis Vol. 2 2002 pp24-35 |
| Overstreet, William C., 1967, The Geologic Occurrence of Monazite, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper, Volume 530, p. 292. |
| Emeralds of the World English extraLapis Vol. 2 2002 pp24-35 |
| - Kuyumjian, R.M., Costa, A.L.L.; 1999; Geologia, Geoquímica e Mineralizações Auríferas da Seqüência Mina Inglesa, Greenstone Belt de Crixás, Goiás. |
| Jost, H., and de Tarso Ferro de Oliveira Fortes, P. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 358-376. | |
| Jost, H., and de Tarso Ferro de Oliveira Fortes, P. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 358-376. |
| Jost, H., and de Tarso Ferro de Oliveira Fortes, P. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 358-376. | |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.; Kuyumjian, R. M. (2008). Magmatic arc and associated gold, copper, silver, and barite deposits in the state of Goiás, central Brazil: characteristics and speculations. Brazilian Journal of Geology, 30(2). |
| Palermo, N., Porto, C. G., & da Costa Jr, C. N. (2008). The Mara Rosa gold district, central Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Geology, 30(2). |
| Palermo, N., Porto, C. G., & da Costa Jr, C. N. (2008). The Mara Rosa gold district, central Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Geology, 30(2). | |
| Revista Brasileira de Geociências. 30(2):256-260, (2000). | |
| Palermo, N., Porto, C. G., & da Costa Jr, C. N. (2008). The Mara Rosa gold district, central Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Geology, 30(2). | |
| Emeralds of the World English extraLapis Vol. 2 2002 pp24-35 |
| Emeralds of the World English extraLapis Vol. 2 2002 pp24-35 |
| http://acd.ufrj.br/geologia/posgrad/area1_d.htm |
| Brenner et al (1990) Econ Geol 85:904-920 |
| Lobato, L.M., Ribeiro-Rodrigues, L.C., and Reis Vieira, F.W. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 249-277 |
| www.cprm.gov.br/ingles/bens/ifer0101.html. | |
| Emeralds of the World English extraLapis Vol. 2 2002 pp24-35 | |
| Lobato, L.M., Ribeiro-Rodrigues, L.C., and Reis Vieira, F.W. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 249-277 |
| Jour. of South American Earth Sci. 15:709–723 | |
| Monteiro, L.V.S., Xavier, R.P., de Carvalho, E.R., Hitzman, M.W., Johnson, C.A., de Souza Filho, C.R., and Torresi, I. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 129-159. |
| Monteiro, L.V.S., Xavier, R.P., de Carvalho, E.R., Hitzman, M.W., Johnson, C.A., de Souza Filho, C.R., and Torresi, I. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 129-159. | |
| Teixeira, A. S. (2014). Geologia, petrologia e geocronologia do complexo acamadado lago grande: evidência para uma suíte magmática mineralizada a egp na província mineral de Carajás, Brasil. |
| Villas, R.N., and Dias Santos, M. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 300-331 | |
| Villas, R.N., and Dias Santos, M. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 300-331 | |
| Grainger, C.J., Groves, D.I., Tallarico, F.H.B., and Fletcher, I.R. (2008): Ore Geology Reviews 33, 451-489.; Tazava, E. (1999). Mineralização de Au-Cu-(±ETR-U) associada às brechas hidrotermais do depósito de Igarapé Bahia, Província Mineral de Carajás, PA. MS Thesis |
| JULIANI, C.; CORRÊA-SILVA, R. H.; MONTEIRO, L. V. S.; BETTENCOURT, J. S.; NUNES, C. M. D. (2002). The Batalha Au - Granite System - Tapajós Gold Province, Amazonian Craton, Brazil: Hydrothermal alteration and regional implications. Precambrian Research, v. 119, n. 1-4, p. 225-256. |
| Souza Neto, J.A., Legrand, J.M., Volfinger, M., Pascal, M.-L., and Sonnet, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 185-205. |
| Souza Neto, J.A., Legrand, J.M., Volfinger, M., Pascal, M.-L., and Sonnet, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 185-205. |
| ACM Ferreira et al; VESUVIANITA VIOLETA GEMOLÓGICA DO SKARN DE UMBUZEIRO DOCE, PROVÍNCIA SHEELITÍFERA DA BORBOREMA, NE DO BRASIL. Estudos Geológicos V.24(1),2014 |
| Neto, M. T. D. O. C., & Barbosa, R. V. N. (2008). As Esmeraldas De Lajes, Caiçara Do Rio Dos Ventos E São Tomé/rn. Holos-ISSN 1807-1600, 2, 92-104. |
| Souza Neto, J.A., Legrand, J.M., Volfinger, M., Pascal, M.-L., and Sonnet, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 185-205. |
| Neto, J.A.S., Legrand, J.M., Volfinger, M., Pascal, M.-L., and Sonnet, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 185-205. |
| Emeralds of the World English extraLapis Vol. 2 2002 pp24-35 |
| dos Santos et al (1991) The gold quartz vein of Pontal, Brazil. Brazil Gold 91 |
Bulgaria | |
| Marcus Voigt Collection |
| Haydoutov, I., Kolcheva, K., Daieva, L. A., & Savov, I. Evidence of boninitic type magmatism in the Variegated Formations from the East Rhodope. |
| Moritz, R., Kouzmanov, K., & Petrunov, R. (2004). Late Cretaceous Cu–Au epithermal deposits of the Panagyurishte district, Srednogorie zone, Bulgaria. Swiss Bulletin of Mineralogy and Petrology, 84(1), 79-99. |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155 |
| Petrusenko, S. & Arnaudov, V. (1996): Desilicified pegmatites with dravite and corundum from the Ikhtiman Sredna Gora, Bulgaria. Geokhimiya, Mineralogiya i Petrologiya 31, 65-77 (in Bulgarian). |
| Svetoslav Petrussenko, Iliya Dimitrov, Kostadin Glushkov, Lubomir Metodiev (2007) A Wonderful World of Minerals (Minerals, Mineral Deposits and Localities from the Area of the Town of Chepelare). Fourth International Symposium Mineral Diversity Research and Preservation pp229-233 |
| A. Piestrzynski (2001) Mineral Deposits at the Beginning of the 21st Century. pp 925-928 |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.; Georgiev, Georgi (2008) A genetic model of the Elatsite porphyry copper deposit, Bulgaria. GEOCHEMISTRY, MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY • SOFIA 46, 143-160. |
Cameroon | |
| Tetsopgang, S., Koyanagi, J., Enami, M., and Kihara, K. (2003): Mineralogical Magazine 67(3), 509-516. |
Canada | |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| I.C.L. Webster, G.E. Ray and A.R. Pettipas (1992) An Investigation of Selected Mineralized Skarns in British Columbia. British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 1992 |
| Soregaroli, A. E. (1968). Geology of the Boss Mountain Mine, British Columbia (Doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia). |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. | |
| Dana 7:I:203. |
| Thomas Mumford (2007) Dykes of the Moose Creek Valley, Ice River Alkaline Complex, southeastern BC. MSc thesis University of New Brunswick. |
| Nixon, G., & Archibald, D. (2002). Age of Platinum-Group-Element Mineralization in the Sappho Alkaline Complex, South-Central British Columbia. BCMEM Paper, 1, 171-176 |
| www.em.gov.bc.ca/cf/minfile file no. 082ESE070. |
| www.em.gov.bc.ca/DL/GSBPubs/GeoFldWk/2003/25-Nixon-263-290-w.pdf.; Garagan, M. J. (2014). Textural and spatial relationship between platinum-group elements and alteration assemblages in the Afton porphyry system, Kamloops, British Columbia. BS Thesis St. Marys University, Halifax |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. | |
| I.C.L. Webster, G.E. Ray and A.R. Pettipas (1992) An Investigation of Selected Mineralized Skarns in British Columbia. British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 1992I |
| BC Minfile 104G 091 |
| Rhys, D.A. (1993): Geology of the Snip mine and its relationship to the magmatic and deformational history of the Johnny Mountain area, northwestern British Columbia. The University of British Columbia, unpublished M.Sc. thesis, 1993, 278 pp. |
| Rhys, D.A. (1993): Geology of the Snip mine and its relationship to the magmatic and deformational history of the Johnny Mountain area, northwestern British Columbia. The University of British Columbia, unpublished M.Sc. thesis, 1993, 278 pp. | |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| I.C.L. Webster, G.E. Ray and A.R. Pettipas (1992) An Investigation of Selected Mineralized Skarns in British Columbia. British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 1992I |
| http://www.em.gov.bc.ca/cf/minfile/search/search.cfm?mode=capbib&minfilno=092L%20%20044 |
| Greenwood, H. J. (1967): Am. Mineral. 52, 1669-1680. |
| Mauthier, M. and C. A. Francis (2006) Gold Crystal Localities of British Columbia, Canada. Rocks & Minerals 81:14-22 |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. | |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| Ghent, E.D., Stout, M.Z., erdmer, P. (1990) Howieite in blueschists, Pinchi Lake, British Columbia. Canadian Mineralogist, 28, 855-858. |
| MINFILE No 092HSE060 |
| Econ Geol (1992) 87:1862-1876 | |
| G E Ray, G. L. Dawson, R Simpson (1983) The Geology And Controls Of Skakn Mineralization In The Hedley Gold Camp Southern British Columbia* (92W8, 82315) British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources. Geological Fieldwork, 1986, Paper 1987-1; G.E. Ray and G.L. Dawson, (1994) The Geology and Mineral Deposits of the Hedley Gold Skarn District, Southern B.C. BC Geological Survey Bulletin 87: | |
| G E Ray, G. L. Dawson, R Simpson (1983) The Geology And Controls Of Skakn Mineralization In The Hedley Gold Camp Southern British Columbia* (92W8, 82315) British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources. Geological Fieldwork, 1986, Paper 1987-1; Dawson, Garnet Linn. GEOLOGICAL SE flING OF TIlE HEDLEY GOLD SKARN CAMP WITH SPECIFIC REFERENCE TO THE FRENCH MINE, SOUTH-CENTRAL BRITISH COLUMBIA. Diss. University of British Columbia, 1994. | |
| DIXON,A., CEMPIREK, J. & GROAT, L.A. (2014) Mineralogy and geochemistry of pegmatites on Mount Begbie, British Columbia. Canadian Mineralogist 52, 129-164. |
| MINFILE No 082N 003 | |
| R Sherlock and Julie Domvile (2007) Great Mining Camps of Canada 2. The History and Geology of the Anyox Copper Camp, British Columbia. Geoscience Canada, 34:113-134. |
| R Sherlock and Julie Domvile (2007) Great Mining Camps of Canada 2. The History and Geology of the Anyox Copper Camp, British Columbia. Geoscience Canada, 34:113-134. | |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| Econ Geol (1990) 85:1252-1259 |
| MINFILE No 082FSW093 | |
| Phillips, K. A. (1979) Minerals of Manitoba: Volume II: Metallic minerals. Manitoba Mineral Resources Division Educational Series 78/2. |
| Phillips, K. A. (1979) Minerals of Manitoba: Volume II: Metallic minerals. Manitoba Mineral Resources Division Educational Series 78/2. | |
| Olivo & Theyer (2004) CM 42, 667 |
| Sabina, A.P. (1972) Rocks & minerals for the collector: La Ronge - Creighton, Saskatchewan, Flin Flon, Thompson, Manitoba. GSC paper 71-27, 65. | |
| Cole, E.M., Gibson, H.L. and Lafrance, B. 2007: Preliminary description of the lithofacies and structure of the Schist Lake mine area, Flin Flon, Manitoba (part of NTS 63K12); in Report of Activities 2007, Manitoba Science, Technology, Energy and Mines, Manitoba Geological Survey, p. 33–42. |
| Ritchie, Paul M. H. (1973) A study of the copper-nickel-zinc deposit of Bird River Mines Co. Ltd., Southeastern Manitoba. MS Thesis University of Manitoba. |
| Samson I M, Blackburn W H, Gagnon J E (1999) Paragenesis and composition of amphibole and biotite in the MacLellan gold deposit, Lynn Lake greenstone belt, Manitoba, Canada, The Canadian Mineralogist 37, 1405-1421 |
| Richardson, D.J., Ostry, G., Weber, W., Fogwill, W.D. (1996) Gold deposits of Manitoba, Manitoba Energy and Mines, Economic Geology Report 86-1 (2nd Edition), 114 p. |
| Barrie, C.T. and Taylor, C.F. (2001) Geology, alteration mineralogy, geochemistry and volcanogenic massive-sulphide potential of the Ruttan mine area and the southern Rusty Lake volcanic belt (NTS 64B). Manitoba Geological Survey Open File Report 2001-9 |
| Barrie, C.T. and Taylor, C.F. (2001) Geology, alteration mineralogy, geochemistry and volcanogenic massive-sulphide potential of the Ruttan mine area and the southern Rusty Lake volcanic belt (NTS 64B). Manitoba Geological Survey Open File Report 2001-9 |
| Phillips, K. A. (1979) Minerals of Manitoba: Volume II: Metallic minerals. Manitoba Mineral Resources Division Educational Series 78/2. |
| Phillips, K. A. (1979) Minerals of Manitoba: Volume II: Metallic minerals. Manitoba Mineral Resources Division Educational Series 78/2. |
| Chen, Yuan, "Precious-metal Mineralization And Sulfide-silicate Relationships In Some Canadian Nickel-copper Sulfide Deposits: Thompson Mine, Manitoba; Sudbury, Ontario; Dundonald Beach, Ontario" (1993). Digitized Theses. Paper 2231. |
| KLEIN, C. (1966): Mineralogy and petrology of the metamorphosed Wabush iron formation, southwest Labrador. Journal of Petrology 7, 246-305. |
| Christian Bracke |
| Sabina (2003) 96. | |
| Badham, J. P. N. and Muda, M. M. Z, 1980, Mineralogy and Paragenesis of Hydrothermal Mineralizations in the East Arm of Great Slave Lake, Economic Geology, 75:1220-1238. |
| Reardon, N C (1992) Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 2507 |
| Acosta-Góngora, P., Gleeson, S. A., Samson, I. M., Ootes, L., & Corriveau, L. (2015). Gold Refining by Bismuth Melts in the Iron Oxide-Dominated NICO Au-Co-Bi (±Cu±W) Deposit, NWT, Canada. Economic Geology, 110(2), 291-314. |
| Geological Association of Canada (2014) Abstracts Fredericton Vol 37 | |
| Werner, A.B.T., Sinclair, W.D., and Amey, E.B. (1998): US Geological Survey Circular 930-O.; Mining Weekly 29 July 2008; Mesh Environmental (2008) Geochemical Characterization of the Cantung Mine Tailings, NWT. Project No. M018-001; LENTZ, C. and McFARLANE, C. (2014), Trace and Rare Earth Element Distribution in Scheelite from the Cantung Tungsten Bearing Skarn Deposit, N.W.T. Canada: a Geometallurgical Analysis with Evidence from SEM and LA ICP-MS Analysis. Acta Geologica Sinica, 88: 441–442. |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| Ann P. Sabina, "Rocks and Minerals for the Collector: Bay of Fundy Area", Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 64-10, 1964. |
| Meinert, 1992. Skarns & Skarn Deposits; Econ Geol (1997) 92:181-209 |
| Hicken, A.K., McClenaghan, M.B., Layton-Matthews, D., Paulen, R.C., Averill, S.A. and Crabtree, D. (2013) Indicator mineral signatures of the Izok Lake Zn-Cu-Pb-Agvolcanogenic |
| Sage (1988) Ont. Geol. Survey Study 47. |
| www.venuewest.com/8IKC/s1post.htm. | |
| Ann Sabina (1986) Rocks and Minerals for the Collector: Bancroft - Parry Sound Area | |
| MDI Number: MDI42A10SE00056 |
| MDI Number: MDI42A09SW00154 |
| Geological Survey of Canada Paper 73-13 |
| Econ Geol (1988) 83:1-17 |
| Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 2160 |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. | |
| Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Paper 41 |
| Sumnar Minerals | |
| Ann P.Sabina (1983), Rocks and Minerals for the Collector; Kingston,Ontario to Lac St.Jean, Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 32 | |
| Ann P.Sabina (1983), Rocks and Minerals for the Collector; Kingston,Ontario to Lac St.Jean, Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 32, p.21 |
| Elfric Drew Ingall (1901) Report on the iron ore deposits along the Kingston and Pembroke railway in Eastern Ontario.Geological Survey of Canada Part 1 Annual Report, Vol XII |
| Schroetter, Ralph. The Bancroft & Area Mineral Collectors Guide. Dyno Turn Actinolite. pg148, full edition. ; Ontario MDI Number: MDI31D16NE00051 |
| Schroetter, Ralph. The Bancroft & Area Mineral Collectors Guide. Page 172. |
| http://www.geologyontario.mndm.gov.on.ca/mndmfiles/mdi/data/records/MDI31E02NE00002.html |
| MDI Number: MDI31D15SW00043 |
| JGW http://www.mindat.org/photo-279900.html | |
| Maggie Wilson collected July 2008 |
| Christopher Fouts (1999) Report of Assessment Work Physical Assessment Geotechnical Assessment Mining claim: S.O. 1195060 SI/3, lot 31, con. XVII, Monmouth Township, Haliburton County | |
| various added photos | |
| http://www.geologyontario.mndm.gov.on.ca/mndmfiles/mdi/data/records/MDI31F04SE00151.html |
| Van King | |
| MSC Report 39 |
| Sabina, A. P. (1987) Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Hull-Maniwaki, Quebec; Ottawa-Peterborough, Ontario. Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 41. |
| Collection of Michael Adamowicz | |
| http://www.geologyontario.mndm.gov.on.ca/mndmfiles/MDI/data/records/MDI31F04SW00008.html |
| Bancroft Chamber of Commerce District Mineral Collecting Guidebook , page 31, Baptiste Lake North Occurrences, 2005 edition. |
| Jambor (1967a) Canadian Mineralogist 9, 7-24 |
| http://www.geologyontario.mndm.gov.on.ca/mndmfiles/MDI/data/records/MDI31C11SW00089.html |
| http://www.geologyontario.mndm.gov.on.ca/mndmfiles/MDI/data/records/MDI31C12SE00018.html | |
| Rochester Lapidary Society; "RockCollector" May-2006 |
| [Bancroft & District Mineral Collecting Guidebook] |
| Andrew Haighton Collection | |
| No reference listed |
| P Haas collection | |
| Andrew Haighton Collection |
| Identified by Mineral Associates Inc. |
| Econ Geol (1996) 91:302-321 |
| Rocks & Minerals 79:2 pp94-99 |
| Brand, Allison A., Groat, Lee A., Linnen, Robert L., Garland, Mary I., Btraks, Frederick W., and Giuliani, Gaston, 2009, Emerald Lake Mineralization Associated with the Mavis Lake Pegmatite Group, near Dryden, Ontario, Canadian Mineralogist, v 47, p. 315-336. |
| Ann P.Sabina (1991), Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Sudbury to Winnipeg. GSC Misc. Report 49. p.181 |
| Can Mineral 1984 22: 3-11 |
| Marsden, S. (2012). GEOLOGY, HYDROTHERMAL ALTERATION AND MINERALIZATION OF THE GOLD EAGLE DEPOSIT: A NEW DISCOVERY IN THE RED LAKE CAMP, CANADA. MS Thesis Queens University, Kingston Ontario |
| Ontario Ministry of Northern Development and Mines MDI Number: MDI53C13SE00078 |
| Kinross Gold Corporation, Technical Report (2003) |
| Sage (1988) OGS Study 49 |
| Sage (1988) Am. Min. 59, 820 | |
| MDI Number: MDI31F02NE00012 |
| Elfric Drew Ingall (1901) Report on the iron ore deposits along the Kingston and Pembroke railway in Eastern Ontario. Geological Survey of Canada Part 1 Annual Report, Vol XII; MDI Number: MDI31F02NE00012 | |
| Map (T) 31 C/16 Perth (G) 1089A Perth, Lanark and Leeds Counties, Geological Survey of Ontario; Sabina, A.P. (1983) Rocks & minerals for the collector: Kingston Ontario to Lac Saint-Jean, Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 32, 25. |
| |
| Ontario Ministry of Northern Development and Mines MDI Number: MDI31C05NW00026 |
| Bill Morgenstern - collected location |
| Neil T. Pettigrew, K´eiko H. Hattori (2006) The Quetico Intrusions of Western Superior Province: Neo-Archean examples of Alaskan/Ural-type mafic–ultramafic intrusions. Precambrian Research 149:21–42; N. T. Pettigrew, K. H. Hattori, and J. A. Percival. (2000) Samuels Lake intrusion: a Late Archean Cu-Ni-PGE-bearing mafic-ultramafic complex in the western Quetico Subprovince, northwestern Ontario. GSC Current Research 2000 C20 | |
| Bill Morgenstern |
| Sabina, A. P. (2007) Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Ottawa to North Bay and Huntsville, Ontario; Gatineau (Hull) to Waltham and Témiscaming, Quebec. Geological Survey of Canada, Miscellaneous Report 48, 249p. |
| Ann P.Sabina (2007), Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Ottawa to North Bay and Huntsville, Ontario; Gatineau (Hull) to Waltham and Temiscaming, Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 48 |
| http://www.geologyontario.mndm.gov.on.ca/mndmfiles/MDI/data/records/MDI31F07NE00018.html |
| Reiner Mielke |
| MDI Number: MDI31F03NW00061 | |
| Andrew Haighton Collection |
| Sabina, A. P. (2007) Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Ottawa to North Bay and Huntsville, Ontario; Gatineau (Hull) to Waltham and Témiscaming, Quebec. Geological Survey of Canada, Miscellaneous Report 48, 249p. |
| ontariominerals.com |
| Ann P.Sabina 1991, Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Sudbury to Winnipeg. GSC Misc. Report 49. |
| Ontario Division of Mines, Map 2311, Merrit and Foster Townships Sudbury District 1974 |
| Werner, A.B.T., Sinclair, W.D., and Amey, E.B. (1998): US Geological Survey Circular 930-O. | |
| Meyn, H. D.(1970): Geology of Hutton and Parkin Townships; Ontario Department of Mines. Geological Report 80, 43-51. |
| McCormick, K.A. and McDonald, A. (1999) Chlorine-bearing amphiboles from the Fraser mine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada: Description and crystal chemistry. Canadian Mineralogist, 37, 1385-1403. |
| Sarah A. S. Dare, Sarah-Jane Barnes, Hazel M. Prichard und Peter C. Fisher (2011): Chalcophile and platinum-group element (PGE) concentrations in the sulfide minerals from the McCreedy East deposit, Sudbury, Canada, and the origin of PGE in pyrite. Mineralium Deposita 46, 381-407. | |
| Econ Geol (1992) 87:1584-1598; C. Li and A. J. Naldrett (1993) High chlorine alteration minerals and calcium-rich brines in fluid inclusions from the Strathcona deep copper zone, Sudbury, Ontario. Economic Geology and the Bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists 88:1780-1796 | |
| Hawley, J.E. & Stanton, R.L. (1962): The Sudbury ores: their mineralogy and origin. Part II. The facts: The ores, their minerals, metals and distribution, Canadian Mineralogist 7, 30-145. |
| Economic Geology 103 (2008) 1005-1028. |
| Harris (1989); Yuanming Pan and Michael E. Fleet (1992) Calc-silicate alteration in the Hemlo gold deposit, Ontario; mineral assemblages, P-T-X constraints, and significance. Economic Geology and the Bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists, 87:1104-1120 |
| Econ Geol (1994) 89:720-756; Franklin, J M, Schnieders, B R, Koopman, E R (1991) Mineral Deposits in the western Superior Province, Ontario (Field Trip 9) Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 2164 | |
| Yuanming Pan and Michael E. Fleet (1989)Cr-rich calc-silicates from the Hemlo area, Ontario. The Canadian Mineralogist, 27:565-577 | |
| Currie (1980) | |
| Mcdonald, A.M., Cabri, L.J., Stanley, C.J., Good, D.J., Redpath, J., Lane, G., Spratt, J. & Ames, D.E. (2015) Coldwellite, Pd3Ag2S, a new mineral species from the Marathon deposit, Coldwell complex, Ontario, Canada. Canadian Mineralogist 53, 1-13. | |
| Canadian Mineralogist 31, 695 |
| Canadian Mineralogist 31, 695 | |
| Econ Geol. (1995) 90:255-270 |
| Economic Geology 2005 100: 43-61; Canadian Mineralogist, Vol.22, pp. 125-136 (1984); John G. Hinchey & Keiko H. Hattori (2005) Magmatic mineralization and hydrothermal enrichment of the High Grade Zone at the Lac des Iles palladium mine, northern Ontario, Canada. Mineralium Deposita 40:13–23 | |
| N.T. Pettigrew and K.H. Hattori, 2001, Explor. Mining Geol. , Vol. 10, N° 1-2, pp. 35-49. | |
| Rinne, M., & Hollings, P. (2013). The Characteristics and Origin of the Big Lake Mafic-Ultramafic-Hosted Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide Occurrence, Marathon, Ontario, Canada. Economic Geology, 108(4), 719-738. |
| Canadian Mineralogist 30, 121 |
| Mulja, T. & Mitchell, R.H. (1990) Platinum-group minerals and tellurides from the Geordi Lake intrusion, Coldwell complex, Northwestern Ontario. Canadian Mineralogist 28, 489-501.; Geological Association of Canada (2014) Abstracts Fredericton Vol 37 |
| The Canadian Mining and Metallurgical Bull., Feb 1966. |
| Econ Geol (1993) 88:817-836 | |
| Marshall, D. D., Diamond, L. W., & Skippen, G. B. (1993). Silver transport and deposition at Cobalt, Ontario, Canada; fluid inclusion evidence. Economic Geology, 88(4), 837-854. |
| Ann P. Sabina (1974) Rocks and Minerals for the Collector: Cobalt-Belleferre-Timmins; Ontario and Quebec. Canadian Geological Survey Paper 73-13 | |
| Can Mineral December 1971 v. 11 no. 1 p. 286-288 |
| Ann P. Sabina (1974) Rocks and Minerals for the Collector: Cobalt-Belleferre-Timmins; Ontario and Quebec. Canadian Geological Survey Paper 73-13 |
| Hicks, K. D. (1990). Magmatic-hydrothermal and wall rock alteration at the Lake Shore gold deposit, Kirkland Lake, Ontario. University of Ottawa (Canada). MS Thesis University of Ottawa. |
| Reiner Mieklke |
| Reiner Mielke 2011 | |
| Ontario Mineral Deposits Inventory (MDI) |
| MDI Number: MDI31D10NW00038 |
| Reiner Mielke | |
| Sabina (2003)126 |
| GSC Paper 73-30 Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Kirkland Lake- Noranda - Val d'Or; by Ann P. Sabina 1974 | |
| Sabina (2003) 186. |
| SABINA, A.P. (2003): Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Kirkland Lake - Rouyn-Noranda - Val d'Or, Ontario & Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 77, 162. | |
| Simard, M., Gaboury, D., Daigneault, R., & Mercier-Langevin, P. (2013). Multistage gold mineralization at the Lapa mine, Abitibi Subprovince: insights into auriferous hydrothermal and metasomatic processes in the Cadillac–Larder Lake Fault Zone. Mineralium Deposita, 48(7), 883-905. | |
| Sabina, A.P. (2003) Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Kirkland Lake - Rouyn-Noranda - Val d'Or, Ontario & Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 77, 308 p. | |
| Sabina (2003) 165 | |
| Galley, A.G., Jonasson, I.R., and Watkinson, D.H. (2000): Mineralium Deposita 35, 619-637. |
| SABINA, A.P. (2003): Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Kirkland Lake - Rouyn-Noranda - Val d'Or, Ontario & Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 77, 106. | |
| SABINA, A.P. (2003): Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Kirkland Lake - Rouyn-Noranda - Val d'Or, Ontario & Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 77, 74. | |
| SABINA, A.P. (2003): Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Kirkland Lake - Rouyn-Noranda - Val d'Or, Ontario & Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 77, 104-105. | |
| 33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Crerarite a Pt-Bi-S mineral: A new occurrence and re-investigation of its chemical formula and crystal structure; Am Min (1995) 80:845-850 |
| Canadian Museum of Nature & Horvath collections |
| HORVÁTH, L., PFENNINGER-HORVÁTH, E. (2006) Brookite et anatase à Saint-Pierre-de-Broughton, Québec, Canada: Une minéralisation de type “fentes alpines.” Le Règne Minéral, No.71, 28-42 (in French). |
| Mineralogical Record 20, 393 |
| Grice, J.D. and Williams, R. (1979): Famous mineral localities: The Jeffrey Mine, Asbestos, Québec. Mineralogical Record, 10(2):69-80 |
| Trottier, J., Brown,A.C. & Authier, M.G. (1991) An Ordovician rift environment for the Memphremagog polymetallic massive sulphide deposit, Appalachian Ophiolite Belt, Quebec. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 28, 1887-1904. |
| Allcock, J.B.(1982) Skarn and porphyry copper mineralization at Mines Gaspé, Murdochville, Quebec. Economic Geology, vol.77, 971-999. |
| Econ Geol (1989) 84:1507-1514 |
| - Sabina, A.P. (1986) Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Buckingham - Mont-Laurier - Grenville, Quebec Hawkesbury - Ottawa, Ontario. GSC Misc. Report 33 |
| Kerry Day | |
| Donald Doell Mineral Collection |
| Sabina, A.P. (1983) Rocks & minerals for the collector: Kingston Ontario to Lac Saint-Jean, Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 32, 74-75. |
| Horváth, L and Gault, R.A. (1990), The mineralogy of Mont Saint-Hilaire Quebec. Mineralogical Record: 21: 284-359. |
| Sabina (1983) |
| Gaboury, D., Daigneault, R., and Beaudoin, G. (2000): Mineralium Deposita 35, 21-36. |
| Bynoe, L. (1987). Shear zone influence on the emplacement of a giant pegmatite: The Whabouchi Lithium Pegmatite, Quebec, Canada (Doctoral dissertation, The University of Western Ontario). | |
| McMillan, R. H. (1973). Petrology, Geochemistry And Wallrock Alteration At Opemiska--a Vein Copper Deposit Crosscutting A Layered Archean Ultramafic-mafic Sill. PhD Thesis University of Western Ontario. | |
| Côté-Mantha, O., Daigneault, R., Gaboury, D., Chartrand, F., & Pilote, P. (2012). Geology, Alteration, and Origin of Archean Au-Ag-Cu Mineralization Associated with the Synvolcanic Chibougamau Pluton: The Brosman Prospect, Abitibi Greenstone Belt, Canada. Economic Geology, 107(5), 909-934. | |
| Sabiba (2003) 143.; Canadian Mineralogist 31, 695 |
| W. W. Moorhouse and N. Shepherd (1963): Hypersthene and cummingtonite from Payne Bay, New Quebec. Can. Mineral. 7, 527-532 |
| Econ Geol. (1995) 90:255-270 |
| Econ Geol (1986) 81:1147-1158 |
| Charlie L. Seabrook, Hazel M. Prichard and Peter C. Fisher (2004) Platinum-group minerals in the Raglan Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide deposit, Cape Smith, Quebec, Canada (in Platinum-group elements; petrology, geochemistry, mineralogy) The Canadian Mineralogist 42:485-497 | |
| GSC Miscellaneous Report 41 - Sabina |
| SABINA, A.P. (1987) Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Hull-Maniwaki, Quebec, Ottawa-Peterborough, Ontario. GSC Misc. Report 41, 12. | |
| A. Sabina ( 1987) Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Geological Survey of Canada, Miscellaneous Report, p.8 | |
| SABINA, A.P. (1987) Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Hull-Maniwaki, Quebec, Ottawa-Peterborough, Ontario. GSC Misc. Report 41, 7. | |
| Sabina, A.P. (1987), Rocks And Minerals For The Collector. Hull-Maniwaki,Quebec, Ottawa-Peterborough, Ontario, Geological Survey of Canada, Miscellaneous Report 41:15-16 |
| Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 41 |
| SABINA, A.P. (1987) Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Hull-Maniwaki, Quebec, Ottawa-Peterborough, Ontario. GSC Misc. Report 41, 37-38. |
| Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 41. |
| M A G Lafontaine (1979) Uranium-Thorium Deposite at the Yates Mine, Huddersfield Township, Quebec. MSc thesis, University of Ottawa. |
| Thomson, M. L., Fleet, M. E., & Barnett, R. L. (1981). Amphiboles from the Renzy Lake ultramafic complex, southwestern Quebec. Can Mineral, 19, 469-477. | |
| Sabina, A.P. (1972) Rocks & minerals for the collector: La Ronge - Creighton, Saskatchewan, Flin Flon, Thompson, Manitoba. GSC paper 71-27, 65. |
| Steadman, J. A., & Spry, P. G. (2015). Metamorphosed Proterozoic Zn-Pb-Ag Mineralization in the Foster River Area, Northern Saskatchewan, Canada. Economic Geology, 110(5), 1193-1214. | |
| Sabina, A.P. (1972) Rocks & minerals for the collector: La Ronge - Creighton, Saskatchewan, Flin Flon, Thompson, Manitoba. GSC paper 71-27, 65. |
| Gleeson, C. F. ( 1970) Heavy Mineral Studies In The Klondike Area, Yukon Territory. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 173. |
| Traill, R. J., 1970, A Catalogue of Canadian Minerals | |
| Traill, R. J., 1970, A Catalogue of Canadian Minerals |
| Werner, A.B.T., Sinclair, W.D., and Amey, E.B. (1998): US Geological Survey Circular 930-O. |
| Hunt, J., Baker, T., and Thorkelson, D. (2005): Mineralium Deposita 40, 492-514. |
| Sabina, A.P. (1972) Rocks & minerals for the collector: The Alaska Highway, Dawson Creek, British Columbia to Yukon/Alaska border. GSC paper 72-32, 65. |
| Yukon Minfile 105A 012 |
| L. A. Dick and G. W. Robinson (1979) Chlorine-bearing potassian hastingsite from a sphalerite skarn in southern Yukon. Can Mineral 17:25-26 |
| Héon, D. (2004) The Whitehorse Copper Belt, Yukon. Yukon Geological Survey, Open File, 15. |
| Héon, D. (2004). The Whitehorse Copper Belt, Yukon. An Annotated Geology Map. Yukon Geological Survey, Open File, 15; Tenney, D., 1994. The Whitehorse Copper Belt: Mining, Exploration and Geology (1967-1980). Geology Section, Yukon Region, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Bulletin 1, 29 p. |
| Héon, D. (2004). The Whitehorse Copper Belt, Yukon. An Annotated Geology Map. Yukon Geological Survey, Open File, 15.; Tenney, D., 1994. The Whitehorse Copper Belt: Mining, Exploration and Geology (1967-1980). Geology Section, Yukon Region, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Bulletin 1, 29 p. | |
| Tenney, D., 1994. The Whitehorse Copper Belt: Mining, Exploration and Geology (1967-1980). Geology Section, Yukon Region, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Bulletin 1, 29 p. | |
Chad | |
| Rigobert, T., Claude, D. J., Marambaye, D., & Yannick, B. (2013). On the occurrence of gold mineralization in the Pala Neoproterozoic formations, South-Western Chad. Journal of African Earth Sciences. Volume 84, August 2013, Pages 36–46 |
Channel Islands | |
| Henwood, W.J. (1871): Transactions of the Royal Geological Society of Cornwall 8(1), 530-539 | |
Chile | |
| Maksaev, V., Townley, B., Palacios, C., and Camus, F. (2007): Metallic ore deposits. In: Moreno, T., and Gibbons, W. (editors): The Geology of Chile. The Geological Society (London), pp. 414. |
| Oliveros, V., Tristá-Aguilera, D., Féraud, G., Morata, D., Aguirre, L., Kojima, S., and Ferraris, F. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 61-78. |
| Maksaev, V., Townley, B., Palacios, C., and Camus, F. (2007): Metallic ore deposits. In: Moreno, T., and Gibbons, W. (editors): The Geology of Chile. The Geological Society (London), pp. 414. |
| Tornos, F., Velasco, F, Barra, F. and Morata, D. (2010): The Tropezón Cu-Mo-(Au) deposit: the missing link between IOCG and porphyry copper systems? Mineralium Deposita 45, 313-321. | |
| Maksaev, V., Townley, B., Palacios, C., and Camus, F. (2007): Metallic ore deposits. In: Moreno, T., and Gibbons, W. (editors): The Geology of Chile. The Geological Society (London), pp. 414. |
| C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988): "Yacimientos metalíferos de Chile": Fondecyt, Stgo de Chile. | |
| Maksaev, V., Townley, B., Palacios, C., and Camus, F. (2007): Metallic ore deposits. In: Moreno, T., and Gibbons, W. (editors): The Geology of Chile. The Geological Society (London), pp. 414. |
| Kampf, A. R., Mills, S. J., Nash, B. P., Housley, R. M., Rossman, G. R., Dini, M. and Gatta G.D. (2013): Camaronesite, [Fe3+(H2O)2(PO3OH)]2(SO4)•1–2H2O, a new phosphate-sulfate from the Camarones Valley, Chile, structurally related to taranakite. Mineralogical Magazine 77, 453-465. |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| Sernageomin database 2006;Stgo de Chile |
| Richard H. Sillitoe, Justin Tolman and Glen Van Kerkvoort (2013): Geology of the Caspiche Porphyry Gold-Copper Deposit, Maricunga Belt, Northern Chile. Economic Geology, 108, 585-604. |
| Cook, R B. (1979): Famous mineral localities; Chanarcillo, Chile. Mineralogical Record. 10, 197-204. | |
| Sernageomin database 2007;Stgo de Chile |
| samples analysed by Gerhard Mohn and Joy Desor |
| Maksaev, V., Townley, B., Palacios, C., and Camus, F. (2007): Metallic ore deposits. In: Moreno, T., and Gibbons, W. (editors): The Geology of Chile. The Geological Society (London), pp. 414. |
| Maksaev, V., Townley, B., Palacios, C., and Camus, F. (2007): Metallic ore deposits. In: Moreno, T., and Gibbons, W. (editors): The Geology of Chile. The Geological Society (London), pp. 414. |
| C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988): "Yacimientos metalíferos de Chile": Fondecyt, Stgo de Chile. |
| C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988): "Yacimientos metalíferos de Chile": Fondecyt, Stgo de Chile. |
| C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988): "Yacimientos metalíferos de Chile": Fondecyt, Stgo de Chile. | |
| C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988): "Yacimientos metalíferos de Chile": Fondecyt, Stgo de Chile. | |
| C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988): "Yacimientos metalíferos de Chile": Fondecyt, Stgo de Chile. | |
| C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988): "Yacimientos metalíferos de Chile": Fondecyt, Stgo de Chile. | |
| C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988): "Yacimientos metalíferos de Chile": Fondecyt, Stgo de Chile. | |
| Maksaev, V., Townley, B., Palacios, C., and Camus, F. (2007): Metallic ore deposits. In: Moreno, T., and Gibbons, W. (editors): The Geology of Chile. The Geological Society (London), pp. 414. |
| British Natural History Museum online catalogue 2007 |
| Maksaev, V., Townley, B., Palacios, C., and Camus, F. (2007): Metallic ore deposits. In: Moreno, T., and Gibbons, W. (editors): The Geology of Chile. The Geological Society (London), pp. 414. |
| Econ Geol (1995) 90:438-444 | |
| Sugaki, A., Campos, E. & Kojima, S. (2000): Mineralogy of the Panulcillo skarn copper deposit, Coquimbo region, Chile. Revista Geologica de Chile 27, 139-155. |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| Maksaev, V., Townley, B., Palacios, C., and Camus, F. (2007): Metallic ore deposits. In: Moreno, T., and Gibbons, W. (editors): The Geology of Chile. The Geological Society (London), pp. 414. |
| YAMANA GOLD INC. ANNUAL INFORMATION FORM FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008 |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
China | |
| Wenya Zhou and Deming Xu (1990): Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica 9(1), 69-77 |
| Xuncheng Wang and Yucai Zhou (1995): Geology and Prospecting 31(3), 9, 16-23; Taofa Zhou,Feng Yuan, Shucang Yue, Xiaodong Liu, and Yong Zhao (2002): Mineral Deposits 21(1), 1-8; Zhao Bin, Zhao Jinsong, Li Zhaolin, Zhang Zhongze, and Peng Zhuolun (2003): Science in China, Series D (Earth Sciences), 46(5), 481-497; Zhenhua Zhou, Hongwei Liu, Guoxiong Chang, Linsu Li, Tao Li, Yongjun Yang, Ruijun Zhang, and Xianhe Ji (2011): Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica 30(1), 97-112 |
| Xikun Chen (1987): Mineral Deposits 6(4), 43-52; Taofa Zhou, Feng Yuan, Shucang Yue, Xiaodong Liu, Xin Zhang, and Yu Fan (2007): Ore Geology Reviews 31, 279-303 | |
| Taofa Zhou, Feng Yuan, Shucang Yue, Xiaodong Liu, Xin Zhang, and Yu Fan (2007): Ore Geology Reviews 31, 279-303. | |
| Hengcheng Xu (1993): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 8(1), 11-27 |
| Ruqing Ji, Wenya Zhou, and Shilan Zhang (1987): Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica 6(1), 64-71; Zhaowen Xu, Wenyi Xu, Jiansheng Qiu, Bin Fu, and Cuiyi Niu (2000): Geology and Prospecting 36(4), 36-40 |
| Jinjie Yu, Jingwen Mao, and Changqing Zhang (2008): Progress in Natural Science 18, 167-172. | |
| Xin Xiong, Wenyi Xu, Liqiong Jia, Qingtian Lü, and Jun Li (2013): Mineral Deposits 32(6), 1211-1220 |
| Huaidong Zhang, Bohua Wang, Yuejin Hao, Song Cheng, and Bing Xiang (2012): Mineral Deposits 31(1), 41-51 |
| Jinjie Yu, Jingwen Mao, and Changqing Zhang (2008): Progress in Natural Science 18, 167-172. |
| Jinjie Yu, Jingwen Mao, and Changqing Zhang (2008): Progress in Natural Science 18, 167-172. | |
| Zhangru Zhu (1993): Geology and Prospecting 29(4), 13-18; Yue Wang, Xiangkun Zhu, Jingwen Mao, and Yanbo Cheng (2014): Mineral Deposits 33(4), 689-696 |
| Zhangang Li (1992): Geology and Prospecting 28(5), 1-5, 30 | |
| Deyin Yue (1995): Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica 14(1) | |
| Yushen Zhao (1993): Geology and Prospecting 29(12), 6-12; Yuanming Pan and Ping Dong (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15, 177-242; Jixi Xiang and Ruqing Ji (1980): Geology and Prospecting 16(2), 8-18 |
| Hong Wan (1984): Geology and Prospecting 20(11), 20-24 | |
| Wenxuan Hu (1990): Mineral Deposits 9(4), 375-382 | |
| Jianqing Lai, Guoxiang Chi, Shenglin Peng, Bin Yang, and Yongjun Shao (2006): Mineral Deposits 25(suppl.), 171-174 |
| Chaoyang Que, Ganguo Wu, Da Zhang, Zhihui Zhang, Yongjun Di, Hongwei Fang, and Qin Yuan (2013): Mineral Deposits 32(6), 1221-1235 | |
| Yiming Zhao, Yinan Zhang, and Chengsi Bi (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 14, 227-249. |
| Shihong Tian, Tiping Ding, Zhusen Yang, Yifeng Meng, Pusheng Zeng, Yanbin Wang, Xuncheng Wang, and Zhangping Jiang (2004): Mineral Deposits 23(3), 365-374; Geng Gao, Zhaowen Xu, Xiaonan Yang, Guiping Nie, Shipeng Zhu, Yunjian Wang, and Jun Zhang (2006): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 21(3), 162-167; Jianzhong Wang, Jianwei Li, Xinfu Zhao, Changqian Ma, Wenjun Qu, and Andao Du (2008): International Geology Review 50(4), 392-406 | |
| Bangguo Chen, Jinghua Liu, Zhaowen Xu, Xiaonan Yang, and Haiyong Li (2007): Jiangsu Geology 31(3), 206-211 | |
| Yuanming Pan and Ping Dong (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15, 177-242.; Zhongfa Liu, Yongjun Shao, Xin Zhou, Yu Zhang, and Guibin Zhou (2014): Acta Petrologica Sinica 30(1), 199-208 | |
| Xiao Xinjian, Gu Lianxing, and Ni Pei (2002): Science in China Series D 45(1), 34-44. |
| Xuxin Zhou (2002): Geology and Prospecting 38(1), 31-34 | |
| Yiming Zhao, Yinan Zhang, and Chengsi Bi (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 14, 227-249. |
| Yuanming Pan and Ping Dong (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15, 177-242. | |
| Yuanming Pan and Ping Dong (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15, 177-242. | |
| Yuanming Pan and Ping Dong (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15, 177-242. |
| Hengcheng Xu (1993): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 8(1), 11-27; Xu, G. and Lin, X. (2000): Ore Geology Reviews 16(1), 91-106 |
| Yi Cao, Yangsong Du, Fuping Gao, Lifang Hu, Fengpei Xin, and Zhenshan Pang (2012): Ore Geology Reviews 48, 225-238 | |
| Yuanming Pan and Ping Dong (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15, 177-242. |
| Yanhe Cui, Shaomei Qi, Mingsheng Peng, and Bin Shi (1994): Mineral Deposits 13(3), 261-270 |
| http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of03-220/DATABASE/lode_deposits.txt |
| Henian Huang (2005): Coal Geology of China 17(suppl.), 59-61 |
| Guangwu Mao, Yulin Zhu, and Mingan Hu (2013): Geology and Exploration 49(1), 130-143 |
| Yiming Zhao and Daxin Li (2003): Mineral Deposits 22(4), 345-359 |
| Yiming Zhao and Daxin Li (2003): Mineral Deposits 22(4), 345-359 | |
| Feng Chengyou, Zhang Dequan, She Hongquan, Li Daxin, and Wu Jianshe (2005), In: Jingwen Mao and Bierlein, F.P., Eds.: Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge. Proceedings of the Eighth Biennial SGA Meeting, Beijing, China, 18-21 August 2005, 607-610; Yongjun Di, Ganguo Wu, Da Zhang, Xinqi Yu, Dongyan Lin, Jianji Shi, Wenshuan Zang, Xiangxin Zhang, and Qunfeng Wang (2006): Mineral Deposits 25(2), 123-134 |
| Huadong Liu (2008): Jiangxi Nonferrous Metals 22(1), 11-15 |
| Hongchang Li, Guangli Tang, Xieming Li, Shunquan Yang, and Jinchang Deng (1987): Geology and Prospecting 23(11), 6-15; Yongjun Di, Ganguo Wu, Da Zhang, Xinqi Yu, Dongyan Lin, Jianji Shi, Wenshuan Zang, Xiangxin Zhang, and Qunfeng Wang (2006): Mineral Deposits 25(2), 123-134 | |
| Naizhong Liu (2012): Geology and Exploration 48(3), 570-579 |
| Yongjun Di, Ganguo Wu, Da Zhang, Xinqi Yu, Dongyan Lin, Jianji Shi, Wenshuan Zang, Xiangxin Zhang, and Qunfeng Wang (2006): Mineral Deposits 25(2), 123-134 |
| Hongchang Li, Guangli Tang, Xieming Li, Shunquan Yang, and Jinchang Deng (1987): Geology and Prospecting 23(11), 6-15 |
| Chun Ma (2002): Geology of Fujian 21(1), 21-26 |
| Xiaoming Peng (2008): Resources & Industries 10(6), 119-124 |
| Bing Zhou and Lianxing Gu (1999): Mineral Deposits 18(2), 99-109; Feng Chengyou, Zhang Dequan, She Hongquan, Li Daxin, and Wu Jianshe (2005), In: Jingwen Mao and Bierlein, F.P., Eds.: Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge. Proceedings of the Eighth Biennial SGA Meeting, Beijing, China, 18-21 August 2005, 607-610; Yongjun Di, Ganguo Wu, Da Zhang, Xinqi Yu, Dongyan Lin, Jianji Shi, Wenshuan Zang, Xiangxin Zhang, and Qunfeng Wang (2006): Mineral Deposits 25(2), 123-134; Defeng Shi, Shugen Zhang, and Shili Han (2012): Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica 31(2), 243-251; Defeng Shi, Shugen Zhang, Shili Han, and Zhongfa Xu (2013): Mineral Deposits 32(5), 1003-1010 |
| Jianshe Wu and Rensheng Huan (2001): Chinese Geology 28(12), 13-18; Feng Chengyou, Zhang Dequan, She Hongquan, Li Daxin, and Wu Jianshe (2005), In: Jingwen Mao and Bierlein, F.P., Eds.: Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge. Proceedings of the Eighth Biennial SGA Meeting, Beijing, China, 18-21 August 2005, 607-610. | |
| Zhouping Guo, Wenyuan Li, Qunzi Jia, Zhongbao Song, and Yongbao Gao (2010): Geology and Exploration 46(1), 76-84 |
| Rongfu Jiang (2003): Geology and Prospecting 39(5), 35-38 |
| Jiangguo Yang, Jinyuan Zhai, Hongwu Yang, Chongfeng Wang, Chunlin Xie, Xiaohong Wang, and Yongxiao Lei (2010): Geological Bulletin of China 29(7), 1017-1023; Jianguo Yang, Jinyuan Zhai, Hongwu Yang, Xiaohong Wang, Chunlin Xie, Xing'an Wang, and Bingchen Ren (2010): Geotectonica et Metallogenia 34(2), 246-254 |
| Laigeng Yang (1989): Geology and Prospecting 25(6), 9-13 | |
| Guobao An (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(3), 27-32; Qingshan Wang (2008): Gold Science and Technology 16(1), 28-34 | |
| Gansu Province Metallurgical and Geological Exploration Team No. 4 (1978): Geology and Prospecting 14(8), 20-23 |
| Jianguo Yang, Lei Wang, Xiaohong Wang, Xie Xie, and Zhengguang Qie (2012): Geological Bulletin of China 31(2/3), 448-454 | |
| Zuoheng Zhang, Jingwen Mao, Jianmin Yang, Zhiliang Wang, and Zhaochong Zhang (2002): Mineral Deposits 21(2), 200-211 |
| Bin Yang, Wenxin Xie, and Luping Du (2007): Geology and Prospecting 43(5), 34-39 |
| Weijun Zhou (1985): Geology and Prospecting 21(2), 6-11; Guoliang Ma, Beaudoin, G., Sijing Qi, and Ying Li (2004): Mineralium Deposita 39(3), 380-395 |
| Xuexin Song, Yuemin Guo, Jue Xu, and Qingsheng Xu (2002): Mineral Deposits 21(suppl.), 453-458 |
| Yunhua Liu, Huaili Liu, Hongxing Gao, Zhiguo Li, Xiao Zhuang, Yongqiang Zhang, Xuzhong Zheng, and Junqi Wei (2011): Geology and Exploration 47(5), 837-845 |
| Mao Jingwen, Zhang Xiaoyu, Zhang Zhaochong, Ren Fengshou, Zuo Guochao, Zhang Zuoheng, Yang Jianmin, Wang Zhiliang, and Ye Dejin (1999): Acta Geologica Sinica 73(2). |
| Duifu Liu and Yufeng Chen (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(5), 10-16 |
| Jinchun Li, Bochong Liu, and Shuhong Ding (2005): Northwestern Geology 38(1), 47-54; Damin Li, Yongjun Sun, and Wenjin Xu (2006): Mineral Deposits 25(3), 312-320 | |
| Lianshun Feng (1986): Geology and Prospecting 22(3), 21-27 |
| Hongchang Li, Guangli Tang, Xieming Li, Shunquan Yang, and Jinchang Deng (1987): Geology and Prospecting 23(11), 6-15 |
| Guangdong Institute of Geology and Metallurgy Team No. 932 (1978): Geology and Prospecting 14(1), 23-28 |
| Lianshun Feng (1986): Geology and Prospecting 22(3), 21-27 |
| Hongchang Li, Guangli Tang, Xieming Li, Shunquan Yang, and Jinchang Deng (1987): Geology and Prospecting 23(11), 6-15; Juyun Gu, Qiongying Wu, and Xueping Hou (1984): Geology and Prospecting 20(3), 1-8; Hongying Qu, Maohong Chen, Fuchu Yang, Zhihui Gao, Yaowu Wang, Haijie Zhao, and Zhangfa Yu (2014): Acta Petrologica Sinica 30(1), 152-162 |
| Shehong Li, Wenqian Li, Qianyong Liang, Jibiao Jia, and Jiedong Zheng (2009): Geology and Exploration 45(4), 358-366 | |
| Lin Jun, Ya-xin Yang and Xin-min Wu (2006): Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 267(2), 377-380 |
| Lianshun Feng (1986): Geology and Prospecting 22(3), 21-27 |
| Lianshun Feng (1986): Geology and Prospecting 22(3), 21-27 | |
| Jimin Yang (1986): Geology and Prospecting 22(10), 22-25; Yonglei Wang, Denghong Wang, Changqing Zhang, Wenjun Qu, and Yanchun Hu (2010): Mineral Deposits 29(5), 881-889 |
| Jinbang Wang (1987): Geology and Prospecting 23(8), 1-5; Shikun Huang (1990): Geology and Prospecting 26(9), 6-11, 20; Zeng, Y., and Liu, T. (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15(1), 153-163 |
| Shikun Huang (1990): Geology and Prospecting 26(9), 6-11, 20 |
| Jinbang Wang (1988): Geology and Prospecting 24(5), 19-23 |
| Zhaochong Zhang, Yuchuan Chen, and Jingwen Mao (1994): Geology and Prospecting 30(2), 7, 34-38; Jie Zhang and Zhefu Shui (1995): Geology and Prospecting 31(2), 23-29 |
| Baogui Zhang (1996), In: Tu Guangzhi (Ed.): Geochemistry of strata-bound deposits in China. Science Press (Beijing), 240-253. |
| Shengyan Gu, Renmin Hua, and Huawen Qi (2007): Mineral Deposits 26(3), 265-276 |
| Guoxiang Chi, Jayanta Guha, and Huanzhang Lu (1993): Economic Geology 88, 916-933 |
| Zhenhua Shan and Fenglian Li (1988): Geology and Prospecting 24(1), 30-34; Guoxiang Chi, Jayanta Guha, and Huanzhang Lu (1993): Economic Geology 88, 916-933 | |
| Guoxiang Chi, Jayanta Guha, and Huanzhang Lu (1993): Economic Geology 88, 916-933 | |
| Yi Li and Lairen Lai (1993): Mining Geology 14(4), 172-180 |
| Xianhua Zheng, Dade Li, Shuiming Li, and Jiacong Yang (1987): Geology and Prospecting 23(12), 55-60; Zhaochong Zhang, Yuchuan Chen, and Jingwen Mao (1994): Geology and Prospecting 30(2), 7, 34-38 |
| Qiang Fu, Wensheng Ge, Changshun Wen, and Shengbao Li (2014): Mineral Deposits 33(4), 785-794 |
| Qian Zhang, Dapeng Wang, Liangwu Fan, Xiaoqing Zhu, and Zhengwei Zhang (2008): Geology and Prospecting 44(2), 8-13 |
| Shikun Huang (1990): Geology and Prospecting 26(9), 6-11, 20 |
| Deru Xu, Li Wang, Yong Xiao, Zhaolu Liu, Qiji Fu, Zhourong Cai, and Jurui Huang (2008): Mineral Deposits 27(6), 681-694; Zhen Liao, Yuwang Wu, Jingbin Wang, Huiqiong Zhang, and Jingchun Wang (2011): Mineral Deposits 30(5), 903-911 |
| Jun Zhou, Ping Han, Lei Liu, Qinhu Tian, and Decheng Li (2006): Resource Geology 57(1), 76-89. |
| Deru Xu, Bin Xia, Bakun-Czubarow, N., Chi Ma, Pengchun Li, Bachlinski, R., and Guanghao Chen (2006): Acta Petrologica Sinica 22(12), 2987-3006 |
| Kan Tu (1986): Mineral Deposits 5(4), 49-61 |
| Chao Chen, Shuyin Niu, Baojun Ma, Fuxiang Zhang, Aiqun Sun, Baode Wang, Jianzhen Zhang, Guoxi Ma, and Zhikuan Chen (2013): Geology and Exploration 49(5), 861-871 |
| Guoxi Ma, Zhikuan Chen, Lijing Chen, Xiaofeng Ma, Jinhu Ma, Yunsheng Ti, and Youfeng Dou (2010): Mineral Deposits 29(6), 1101-1111; Chao Chen, Shuyin Niu, Baojun Ma, Fuxiang Zhang, Aiqun Sun, Baode Wang, Jianzhen Zhang, Guoxi Ma, and Zhikuan Chen (2013): Geology and Exploration 49(5), 861-871 | |
| Guoxi Ma, Zhikuan Chen, Lijing Chen, Xiaofeng Ma, Jinhu Ma, Yunsheng Ti, and Youfeng Dou (2010): Mineral Deposits 29(6), 1101-1111; Chao Chen, Shuyin Niu, Baojun Ma, Fuxiang Zhang, Aiqun Sun, Baode Wang, Jianzhen Zhang, Guoxi Ma, and Zhikuan Chen (2013): Geology and Exploration 49(5), 861-871 | |
| Chao Chen, Shuyin Niu, Baojun Ma, Fuxiang Zhang, Aiqun Sun, Baode Wang, Jianzhen Zhang, Guoxi Ma, and Zhikuan Chen (2013): Geology and Exploration 49(5), 861-871 | |
| Chao Chen, Shuyin Niu, Baojun Ma, Fuxiang Zhang, Aiqun Sun, Baode Wang, Jianzhen Zhang, Guoxi Ma, and Zhikuan Chen (2013): Geology and Exploration 49(5), 861-871 | |
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Malenco Valley, Valtellina, Sondrio Province, Lombardy, Italy