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Actinolite
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About ActinoliteHide
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Formula:
☐{Ca2}{Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Colour:
Green, green-black, grey-green, or black
Lustre:
Vitreous, Silky
Hardness:
5 - 6
Specific Gravity:
3.03 - 3.24
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1794 by Richard Kirwan from the Greek ακτίνα ("aktina") for "ray" and λίθος ("lithos") for "stone" in allusion to the fibrous nature of the original specimens.
Type locality not known.
Type locality not known.
Note: Tremolite is defined as having an Mg/(Mg+Fe2+) ratio ≥ 0.9; actinolite has a ratio of 0.5–0.9 and ferro-actinolite has a ratio of less than 0.5. The name actinolite was retained in the nomenclature, since it is entrenched in the literature.
As bladed crystals, to 15 cm; columnar, may be kinked or bent; radiating fibrous to asbestiform; granular to massive.
Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Actinolite.
As bladed crystals, to 15 cm; columnar, may be kinked or bent; radiating fibrous to asbestiform; granular to massive.
Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Actinolite.
Classification of ActinoliteHide
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Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Notes:
Redefined by the IMA
First Published:
1794
Approval History:
Redefined by IMA in 2012 (special procedure).
8/F.10-20
9.DE.10
9.DE.10
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
E : Inosilicates with 2-periodic double chains, Si4O11; Clinoamphiboles
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
E : Inosilicates with 2-periodic double chains, Si4O11; Clinoamphiboles
14.23.2
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
23 : Silicates of Fe, Mg, Ca
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
23 : Silicates of Fe, Mg, Ca
Pronounciation of ActinoliteHide
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Pronounciation:
| Play | Recorded by | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Jolyon & Katya Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of ActinoliteHide
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Vitreous, Silky
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Green, green-black, grey-green, or black
Comment:
Colourless, pale green to deep green in thin section.
Streak:
White
Hardness:
5 - 6 on Mohs scale
Hardness Data:
Measured
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
on {110}
on {110}
Parting:
on {100}
Fracture:
Splintery
Density:
3.03 - 3.24 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.07 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of ActinoliteHide
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Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.613 - 1.646 nβ = 1.624 - 1.656 nγ = 1.636 - 1.666
2V:
Measured: 79° to 86°, Calculated: 78° to 82°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.023
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r < v
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
X= pale yellow, yellowish green
Y= pale yellow-gree, green
Z= pale green, deep greenish blue
Y= pale yellow-gree, green
Z= pale green, deep greenish blue
Chemical Properties of ActinoliteHide
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Formula:
☐{Ca2}{Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
IMA Formula:
◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Idealised Formula:
☐{Ca2}{(Mg,Fe2+)5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Common Impurities:
Mn,Al,Na,K,Ti
Crystallography of ActinoliteHide
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Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.891 Å, b = 18.2 Å, c = 5.31 Å
β = 104.64°
β = 104.64°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.543 : 1 : 0.292
Unit Cell V:
924.85 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Twinning:
simple or lamellar, common parallel {100}; lamellar, less common parallel {001}
X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide
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Image Loading
Radiation - Copper Kα
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 8.47 | (70) |
| 5.305 | (10) |
| 4.91 | (70) |
| 3.401 | (80) |
| 3.143 | (70) |
| 2.719 | (100) |
| 2.543 | (100) |
Comments:
ICDD 25-0157
Synonyms of ActinoliteHide
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Other Language Names for ActinoliteHide
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Basque:Aktinolita
Bulgarian:Актинолит
Czech:Aktinolit
Dutch:Actinoliet
Finnish:Aktinoliitti
French:Actinote
Hebrew:אקטינוליט
Hungarian:Aktinolit
Italian:Actinolite
Actinolota
Actinolota
Japanese:緑閃石
Latvian:Aktinolīts
Low Saxon/Low German:Aktinolith
Polish:Aktynolit
Portuguese:Actinolita
Russian:Актинолит
Serbian:Актинолит
Simplified Chinese:阳起石
Slovak:Aktinolit
Swedish:Aktinolit
Ukrainian:Актиноліт
Varieties of ActinoliteHide
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| Smaragdite | An emerald green variety of actinolite, owing its colour to a faint chromium content. |
Relationship of Actinolite to other SpeciesHide
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Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Ferro-actinolite | ☐{Ca2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| Ferro-fluoro-actinolite | ☐{Ca2}{Fe5}(Si8O22)F2 | |
| Fluoro-tremolite | ☐{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Tremolite | ☐{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Forms a series with:
Common AssociatesHide
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| Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Chlorite Group | A group of mostly monoclinic (also triclinic or orthorhombic) micaceous phyllosilicate minerals with a structure ... |
| Epidote | {Ca2}{Al2Fe3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH) |
| Glaucophane | ◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| Lawsonite | CaAl2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2O |
| Pumpellyite | Synonymous with members of the Pumpellyite Group (which includes also 'julgoldite'). |
| Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| Quartz | 164 photos of Actinolite associated with Quartz on mindat.org. |
| Calcite | 132 photos of Actinolite associated with Calcite on mindat.org. |
| Epidote | 96 photos of Actinolite associated with Epidote on mindat.org. |
| Titanite | 46 photos of Actinolite associated with Titanite on mindat.org. |
| Magnetite | 38 photos of Actinolite associated with Magnetite on mindat.org. |
| Talc | 38 photos of Actinolite associated with Talc on mindat.org. |
| Oligoclase | 38 photos of Actinolite associated with Oligoclase on mindat.org. |
| Axinite-(Fe) | 37 photos of Actinolite associated with Axinite-(Fe) on mindat.org. |
| Prehnite | 37 photos of Actinolite associated with Prehnite on mindat.org. |
| Dyscrasite | 36 photos of Actinolite associated with Dyscrasite on mindat.org. |
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz GroupingHide
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| 9.DE. | Clino-suenoite | □{Mn2+2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.05 | Cummingtonite | ☐{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.05 | Clino-holmquistite Root Name | ☐{Li2}{Z2+3Z3+2}(Si8O22)(OH,F,Cl)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.05 | Grunerite | ☐{Fe2+2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.05 | Permanganogrunerite | ☐{Mn2+2}{Mn2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.05 | Ferri-fluoro-leakeite | {Na}{Na2}{Mg2Fe3+2Li}(Si8O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferri-tschermakite | ☐{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-actinolite | ☐{Ca2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-hornblende | ☐{Ca2}{Fe2+4Al}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-tschermakite | ☐{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.10 | Joesmithite | {Pb}{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Be2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.10 | Magnesio-hornblende | ☐{Ca2}{Mg4Al}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.10 | Tremolite | ☐{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.10 | Tschermakite | ☐(Ca2)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.10 | Cannilloite | Ca(Ca2)(Mg4Al)(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.10 | Fluoro-cannilloite | {Ca}{Ca2}{Mg4Al}(Al3Si5O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.10 | Parvo-manganotremolite | ☐{CaMn2+}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.10 | Fluoro-tremolite | ☐{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Edenite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg5}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-edenite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+5}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-kaersutite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+3AlTi}(Al2Si6O22)O2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-pargasite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+4Al}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Hastingsite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+4Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Kaersutite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg3AlTi}(Al2Si6O22)O2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Magnesio-hastingsite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Pargasite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg4Al}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Fluoro-edenite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg5}(AlSi7O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : P2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-ferri-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-pargasite | {K}{Ca2}{Mg4Al}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Magnesio-fluoro-hastingsite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-fluoro-hastingsite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+4Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-chloro-hastingsite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+4Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(Cl,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Fluoro-pargasite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg4Al}(Al2Si6O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Parvo-mangano-edenite | {Na}{CaMn2+}{Mg5}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-chloro-pargasite | {K}{Ca2}{Mg4Al}(Al2Si6O22)(Cl,OH)2 | |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-chloro-edenite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+5}(AlSi7O22)(Cl,OH)2 | |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-magnesio-hastingsite | {K}{Ca2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-pargasite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+4Al}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Chromio-pargasite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg4Cr3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-fluoro-pargasite | {K}{Ca2}{Mg4Al}(Al2Si6O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferri-kaersutite | NaCa2(Mg3Fe3+Ti)(Al2Si6O22)O2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Vanadio-pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4V)(Al2Si6)O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Barroisite | ☐{CaNa}{Mg3Al2}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-barroisite | ☐(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-winchite | ☐[CaNa][Fe2+4(Fe3+,Al)]Si8O22(OH)2 | |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-barroisite | ☐(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-katophorite | Na(NaCa)(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-barroisite | ☐{CaNa}{Fe2+3Al2}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-richterite | {Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-winchite | ☐{CaNa}{Fe2+4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-katophorite | {Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2 | |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-katophorite | Na(CaNa)(Mg4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Magnesiotaramite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg3AlFe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Richterite | {Na}{NaCa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Winchite | ☐{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Taramite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-richterite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Katophorite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-fluoro-richterite | {K}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-richterite | {K}{CaNa}{Mg5}Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-ghoseite | ☐[Mn2+Na][Mg4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-winchite | ☐[CaNa][Mg4(Fe3+,Al)]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-taramite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-katophorite | Na(CaNa)(Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)F2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-fluoro-katophorite | Na(CaNa)(Mg4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Arfvedsonite | [Na][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Eckermannite | NaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-eckermannite | NaNa2(Fe2+4Al)Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-glaucophane | ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Glaucophane | ◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-mangani-leakeite | [(Na,K)][Na2][Mg2Mn3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangano-ferri-eckermannite | {Na}{Na2}{Mn2+4Fe3+}Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-leakeite | [Na][Na2][Mg2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Magnesio-riebeckite | ◻{Na2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Magnesio-arfvedsonite | {Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Nybøite | NaNa2(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Riebeckite | ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangano-mangani-ungarettiite | NaNa2(Mn2+2Mn3+3)(Si8O22)O2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-nybøite | NaNa2[(Fe2+3,Mg)Fe3+2](AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Clino-ferro-ferri-holmquistite | ◻{Li2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-nybøite | NaNa2(Mg3Fe3+2](AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-leakeite | [Na][Na2][Fe2+2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-leakeite | Na(Na2)(Fe2+2Fe3+2Li)(Si8O22)(F)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Sodic-ferri-clinoferroholmquistite | Na0.5{Li2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite | [Na][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22](F,OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-pedrizite | [Na][Li2][Mg2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-ferri-leakeite | [K][Na2][Mg2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-nybøite | NaNa2(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangani-dellaventuraite | {Na}{Na2}{MgMn3+2LiTi4+}Si8O22O2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-pedrizite | NaLi2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-arfvedsonite | [(K,Na)][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangani-obertiite | Na(Na2)(Mg3Mn3+Ti)(Si8O22)O2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite | [(K,Na)][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22][(F,OH)2] | |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-pedrizite | [Na][Li2][Fe2+2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-magnesio-arfvedsonite | [K][Na2][Mg4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Pedrizite | NaLi2(LiMg2Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-pedrizite | NaLi2(Fe2+2Al2Li)Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-fluoro-pedrizite | {Na}{Li2}{Fe2Al2Li}(Al2Si6O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-leakeite | NaNa2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-obertiite | NaNa2(Fe2+3Fe3+Ti)Si8O22O2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-obertiite | Na(Na2)(Mg3Fe3+Ti)(Si8O22)O2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals GroupingHide
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| 14.23.1 | Pigeonite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Other InformationHide
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Health Risks:
Dust from asbestiform varieties of actinolite can cause serious and irreversible lung disease when inhaled. Avoid creating or inhaling dust.
Actinolite in petrologyHide
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An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.
References for ActinoliteHide
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Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Kirwan, R. (1794) 16th species: actynolite. in Elements of Mineralogy, 2nd Edition, Volume 1, Elmsly (London) 167-170.
Hawthorne, F.C. (1983) The crystal chemistry of the amphiboles; Introduction. The Canadian Mineralogist: 21: 174.
Hawthorne, F.C. (1983) The crystal chemistry of the amphiboles; Classification and nomenclature. The Canadian Mineralogist: 21: 175-176.
Mandarino, J.A. (1998) The Second List of Additions and Corrections to the Glossary of Mineral Species (1995). The Amphibole Group. Mineralogical Record: 29: 169-174.
Hawthorne, F.C., Oberti, R. (2006) On the classification of amphiboles. The Canadian Mineralogist: 44: 1-21.
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Localities for ActinoliteHide
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The Locality ListShow
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- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
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? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
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(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Antarctica | AmMin 36:361-367 |
| Schlüter, J., Estrada, S., Lisker, F., Läufer, A., Kühn, R., Nitzsche, K. N., & Spiegel, C. (2011). First petrographical description of rock occurrences in the Steingarden area, Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica. Polarforschung, 80(3), 161-172. |
| Faure, G.; Felder, R.P. (1984) Lithium-bearing pegmatite and bismuth-antimony-lead-copper-bearing veinlets on Mount Madison, Byrd Glacier area. Antarctic Journal of the U.S., 19(5), 13-14. |
| Geological Magazine; March 2002; v. 139; no. 2; p. 209-231 |
Argentina | |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.; Koukharsky, M.and Mirre, J. C. (1976): A porphyry copper-type deposit in northwestern Argentina, Economic Geology 71: 849-863. |
| Bowman, R.S. and Delap, S.E. (Eds), (2006): Zeolite - 7th International Conference on the Occurrence, Properties and Utilization of Natural Zeolites, Socorro, New Mexico, USA. July 16-21: 242. |
| LANFRANCHINI, M.E. Geological characterization of El Abuelo skarn deposit, Alto Rio Senguerr, Chubut. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2004: 59(4) 685-692. |
| Gemmell, J. B., Zantop, H. and Meinert, L. D., (1992), Genesis of the Aguilar zinc-lead-silver deposit, Argentina, contact metasomatic vs. sedimentary exhalative, Economic Geology: 87: 2085-2112. |
| J. A. Fallet y E. Zanoni (1999). Yacimientos de Talco en Mendoza. En: Recursos Minerales de la República Argentina (1999).(Edición E. O. Zappettini). Instituto de Geología y Recursos Minerales. SEGEMAR, Volumen I, Anales Nº 35; 715-720. Buenos Aires. |
| J. A. Fallet y E. Zanoni (1999). Yacimientos de Talco en Mendoza. En: Recursos Minerales de la República Argentina (1999).(Edición E. O. Zappettini). Instituto de Geología y Recursos Minerales. SEGEMAR, Volumen I, Anales Nº 35; 715-720. Buenos Aires. | |
| PONS, María Josefina; FRANCHINI, Marta; MAS, Graciela and RIOS, Francisco Javier. Genetic model of the Vegas Peladas Fe-sakarns, Mendoza, Argentina. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2009, vol.64, n.4, pp. 615-634 |
| PONS, Josefina M.; FRANCHINI, Marta B. and IMPICCINI, Agnes, (2009), The Fe Skarn of Vegas Peladas: Geologic and mineralogic characteristics and distribution of the mineral paragenesis. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2009: 64(2): 329-351. | |
| KOSTADINOFF, J. et al. (2004), Geofisica del cuerpo ultramáfico de la mina Salamanca, provincia de Mendoza. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2004: 59:(1) 113-120. [citado 2011-06-03]. |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| Galliski, M. A. (1983). Distrito minero El Quemado, Deptos. La Poma y Cachi, provincia de Salta. II. Geología de sus pegmatitas. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argentina, 38, 340-380. |
| |
Armenia | |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
Atlantic Ocean | |
| Vlasov E.A., Pertsev A.N., Kotova M.S., Beltenev V.E. (2010) Ore-hosting metasomatic rocks of hydrothermal fields in the ore cluster «Semenov» region (Mid-Atlantic ridge, 13°31'). Abstracts of XXVII International conference School «Geochemistry of Alkaline rocks». – Moscow-Koktebel’. pp. 240 pp. |
| Mazarovich, A.O., Simonov, V.A., Peive, A.A., Kovyazin, S.V., Tret’yakov, G.A., Raznitsin, Y.N., Savel’eva, G.N., Skolotnev, S.G., Sokolov, S.Y., and Turko, N.N. (2001): Lithology and Mineral Resources 36(5), 460-466. |
| Sharkov, E.V., Abramov, S.S., Simonov, V.A., Krinov, D.I., Skolotnev, S.G., Bel’tenev, V.E., and Bortnikov, N.S. (2007): Geology of Ore Deposits 49(6), 467-486. |
| Mazarovich, A.O., Simonov, V.A., Peive, A.A., Kovyazin, S.V., Tret’yakov, G.A., Raznitsin, Y.N., Savel’eva, G.N., Skolotnev, S.G., Sokolov, S.Y., and Turko, N.N. (2001): Lithology and Mineral Resources 36(5), 460-466. |
Australia | |
| McQueen, Ken G.; J. R. Caldwell; P. W. Millsteed (July 1988). "Primary and Secondary Minerals at the Paddy's River Mine, Australian Capital Territory". Australian Mineralogist 3: 83–100. |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2005) Porphyry Copper Deposits of the World: Database, Map, and Grade and Tonnage Models. USGS Open-File Report 2005-1060. |
| http://www.portergeo.com.au/database/mineinfo.asp?mineid=mn228 | |
| Wilson, A. J., Cooke, D. R., & Harper, B. L. (2003). The Ridgeway Gold-Copper Deposit: A High-Grade Alkalic Porphyry Deposit in the Lachlan Fold Belt, New South Wales, Australia. Economic Geology, 98(8), 1637-1666. | |
| Jododex Aust Pty Ltd (1978) Exploration report, EL 858, Rockley - Cow Flat area, Geological Survey report GS1978/290. |
| Stevens, B.P.J. (1972) Mine Data Sheets to accompany Metallogenic Map Bathurst 1:250,000 Sheet, Department of Mines, Geological Survey of New South Wales. |
| Stevens, B.P.J. (1972) Mine Data Sheets to accompany Metallogenic Map Bathurst 1:250,000 Sheet, Department of Mines, Geological Survey of New South Wales. | |
| D'Aguilar Gold Limited (2008) Second Annual Exploration Report on EL6652 - Cow Flat Project, Covering Period 20 October 2007 to 19 October 2008, New South Wales Geological Survey Report GS 2009/0233. | |
| Stevens, B.P.J. (1972) Mine Data Sheets to accompany Metallogenic Map Bathurst 1:250,000 Sheet, Department of Mines, Geological Survey of New South Wales. |
| Ashley, P.M., and Willott, B.R. (1997): Mineralium Deposita 32, 16-33. |
| Harper, L.F. (1919) Mineral Resources Bulletin 29: The Geology and Mining Developments of the Ardlethan Tin Field |
| Byrnes, J.G. (1993) Bourke 1:250 000 Metallogenic Map (SH/55-10): Metallogenic Study and Mineral Deposit Data Sheets. Geological Survey of New South Wales, Sydney, 127p. |
| Gary R Burton, Steven J Trigg, Lance P Black (2007) A Middle Triassic age for felsic intrusions and associated mineralisation in the Doradilla prospect area, New South Wales. Quarterly Notes Geological Survey of New South Wales No 125. | |
| Gilligan, L.B., Suppel, D.W. (1993) Metallogenic Study and Mineral Deposit Data Sheets: Nymagee 1:250 000 Metallogenic Map (SI/55-2). Geological Survey of New South Wales, Sydney, 171 pages. |
| Gilligan, L.B., Suppel, D.W. (1993) Metallogenic Study and Mineral Deposit Data Sheets: Nymagee 1:250 000 Metallogenic Map (SI/55-2). Geological Survey of New South Wales, Sydney, 171 pages. | |
| Metallogenic Study and Mineral Deposit Data Sheets: Grafton-Maclean Metallogenic Map (SH/56-10, SH/56-11), Geological Survey of New South Wales, 2001: HF Henley, RE Brown, JW Brownlow, RG Barnes and WJ Stroud. Published by the Geological Survey of New South Wales. |
| Stevens, B.P.J. (1972) Mine Data Sheets to accompany Metallogenic Map Bathurst 1:250,000 Sheet, Department of Mines, Geological Survey of New South Wales. |
| Vickery, N., Leigh, J., & Oates, M. (2010) Attunga skarn project: Latest exploration findings and interpretations. New England Orogen 2010, 351. |
| Och, D.J., Leitch, E.C., Caprarelli, G., Watanabe, T. (2003) Blueschist and eclogite in tectonic melange, Port Macquarie, New South Wales, Australia. Mineralogical Magazine, 67:4, 609-624. |
| McKinnon, A.R., Fitzherbert, J.A. (2017) New developments at the Hera Au-Pb-Zn-Ag Mine, Nymagee, New South Wales. Discoveries in the Tasmanides 2017, Australian Institute of Geoscientists, AIG Bulletin 67. |
| Ashley, P. M., & Hartshorn, G. K. (1988). Geological and geochemical characteristics of lode gold deposits in the Nundle Goldfield, northeastern New South Wales. New England Orogen—Tectonics and Metallogenesis, 249-263. |
| Gilligan, L.B., Brownlow, J.W., Cameron, R.G., Henley, H.F. (1992) Metallogenic Study and Mineral Deposit Data Sheets: Dorrigo-Coffs Harbour 1:250 000 Metallogenic Map SH/56-10, SH/56-11. Geological Survey of New South Wales, Sydney, 509 pages. |
| Matthew Goodwin |
| Stevens, B.P.J. (1972) Mine Data Sheets to accompany Metallogenic Map Bathurst 1:250,000 Sheet, Department of Mines, Geological Survey of New South Wales. |
| Stevens, B.P.J. (1972) Mine Data Sheets to accompany Metallogenic Map Bathurst 1:250,000 Sheet, Department of Mines, Geological Survey of New South Wales. | |
| I. Plimer; R. Bottrill |
| http://www.dakotamatrix.com/images/products/cassiterite38245a.jpg? (cassiterite photo); Tantalum Producers International Study Center (spelt this way), (1979), Australian Tantalite Deposits, Quarterly Bulletin, No. 19 , p2, Sept 1979- galena; Daly, J., Dyson, D.F. (1963), Radiometric Investigations at Anningie Utopia and the Bundley River Fields NT, Dept of national Development/Bureau of Mineral Resources Geology and Geophysics, Commonwealth of Australia, Record 1963/45, 1963; Kojan, C.J. (1980), Exploration Licence 1448 NT Final Report, Feb 1980; Powell, P. (1981), Annual Report EL 2347 Anningie Station NT, Jays Exploration Pty Ltd, 26 May 1981; Warren, R.G., Stewart, A.J., Shaw, R.D. (1974), Summary Information on Mineral Deposits of the Arunta Complex Alice Springs Area N.T., Dept of National Development/Bureau of Mineral Resources Geology and Geophysics, Commonwelath of Australia, Record 1974/17, 1974 |
| Ryan, G.R. (1961), The Geology and Mineral Resources of the Hatches Creek Wolfram Field. Northern Territory, Department of National Development/Bureau of Mineral Resources Geology and Geophysics, Commonwealth of Australia, Bulletin No. 6, 1961 |
| Modat Mineral Occurrence database; Northern Territory Geological Survey 2002. |
| Skirrow, R.G. (1993) The genesis of gold-copper-bismuth deposits, Tennant Creek, Northern Territory, PhD thesis (unpublished) Australian National University. | |
| Shaw, R.D. & Freeman, M.J. (1985) Illogwa Creek, Northern Territory (Second Edition) 1:250 000 geological series, explanatory notes, SF/53-15. Department of Resources & Energy, Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics. |
| Huckitta 1996 |
| Zia U. Bajwah, Huckitta 1:250 000 Mineral deposit data series, Northern Territory Geological Survey, 1994 | |
| Zia U. Bajwah, Huckitta 1:250 000 Mineral deposit data series, Northern Territory Geological Survey, 1994 | |
| Huckitta 1996 | |
| Zia U. Bajwah, Huckitta 1:250 000 Mineral deposit data series, Northern Territory Geological Survey, 1994 | |
| Huckitta 1996 | |
| Huckitta 1996 | |
| Ransom, D.M. (1978) The Scheelite prospects of the Jervois Range, Bonya Creek and Molyhill areas, Northern Territory. |
| Robertson, W.A. (1959) Jervois Range Copper-Lead Deposit, Northern Territory, Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics, Commonwealth of Australia, Records 1959/103 (unpublished). | |
| Huckitta 1996 | |
| Zia U. Bajwah, Huckitta 1:250 000 Mineral deposit data series, Northern Territory Geological Survey, 1994 | |
| Huckitta 1996 | |
| Barraclough, D. (1979) Geological investigations at the Molyhil Scheelite Mine, Central Australia. Northern Territory Geological Survey Report, GS 79/016. | |
| Shaw, R.D. (1970) Geology and copper deposits of the Pinnacles Bore Area, Strangways Range, Northern Territory. Department of National Development, Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics, Record 1970/115. |
| Bain, C.J. (2016) Third Annual & Final Technical Report. EL 29827. SXB Project (NT). 30/08/2015 to 27/10/2016, Davenport Resources Limited. | |
| Clarke, D. (1971) Winnecke-Authority to Prospect 1721. Northern Territory Progress Report, Central Pacific Minerals N.L. |
| Ahmad, M. & Munson, T. J. (compilers) (2013) Geology and mineral resources of the Northern Territory. Northern Territory Geological Survey, Special Publication 5, (Chapter 13 Warumpi Province). |
| Adams, R.L. (1983), EL 3316. Annual Report for Period 18/6/82 to 17/6/83, Geopeko, September 1983 |
| Lohan, A. J. (1990). Final report EL 4457 Eva Valley. |
| England, B.M., Robinson, N. (1988) Mimetite and Duftite from the Mount Bonnie Mine, Northern Territory. The Mineralogical Record, 19:6, 441-450. |
| Paulick, H., Herrmann, W., & Gemmell, J. B. (2001). Alteration of felsic volcanics hosting the Thalanga massive sulfide deposit (Northern Queensland, Australia) and geochemical proximity indicators to ore. Economic Geology, 96(5), 1175-1200. |
| Marshall, L.J., Oliver, N.H.S., and Davidson, G.J. (2006): Mineralium Deposita 41, 429-452.; Williams, P. J., Barton, M. D., Johnson, D. A., Fontboté, L., De Haller, A., Mark, G., ... & Marschik, R. (2005). Iron oxide copper-gold deposits: Geology, space-time distribution, and possible modes of origin. Economic Geology, 371-405. |
| Marshall, L.J., Oliver, N.H.S., and Davidson, G.J. (2006): Mineralium Deposita 41, 429-452.; Cannell, J., & Davidson, G. J. (1998). A carbonate-dominated copper-cobalt breccia-vein system at the Great Australia Deposit, Mount Isa eastern succession. Economic Geology, 93(8), 1406-1421. | |
| S Rust Collection | |
| Leahey T.A., Stewart R.J., Skeet J.S., Sandercock I.H., (2010) Technical report - Kalman deposit in the Mt Isa project Queensland, prepared for Kings Minerals NL. | |
| Econ Geol (1985) 80:513-518 |
| Ryan Eagle specimen | |
| Marshall, L.J., Oliver, N.H.S., and Davidson, G.J. (2006): Mineralium Deposita 41, 429-452. |
| Wang, S., and Williams, P.J. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 109-124. | |
| Pollard, P.J. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 93-100. | |
| Vera Munro-Smith (2006) Cobalt Mineralisation in Selected Australian Deposits. PhD thesis, University of Western Sydney. | |
| Rotherham, J.F. (1997): Mineralium Deposita 32, 205-218. | |
| Lawrence L.J. et al. Econ Geol. 52, 140-148, 1957 | |
| Haupt, J., 2012. Minerals from the Muldiva mines, Chillagoe, Queensland. Australia and New Zealand Micromineral News, 5, 12-24 |
| Poblete, 2016 |
| Queensland Government Department of Mines and Energy - Queensland Mines, Prospects and Mineral Occurences Database |
| Sielecki, R. (1988) The Mount Isa-Cloncurry mineral field. Mineralogical Record, Vol. 19, pg. 469-490. |
| Updated list originally distributed by University of Queensland | |
| Ashley, P. M. (1980): Geology of the Ban Ban zinc deposit, a sulfide-bearing skarn, Southeast Queensland, Australia. Economic Geology 75, 15-29. |
| Qld Dept Mines- Mines records |
| Howard, N (2015) Geochemistry and hydrothermal alteration at the Mount Rawdon gold deposit, Evolution Mining Ltd | |
| Vic Cloete collection |
| J Townsend |
| www.crocoite.com (Steve Sorrell) and refs therein |
| R Bottrill collection |
| SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit Details Deposit Number: 2154 | |
| SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit Details Deposit Number: 2119 |
| Elburg et al. 2003, Australian J of Earth Sc. 50,611-631 | |
| - Coats, R. P. and Blissett, A. H. (1971): Regional and Economic Geology of the Mount Painter Province. Geological Survey of South Australia Bulletin 43.; R.J.Noble et al: Catalogue of South Australian Minerals: 1983. | |
| Coats, R. P. and Blissett, A. H. (1971): Regional and Economic Geology of the Mount Painter Province, Geological Survey of South Australia Bulletin, 43. |
| Coats, R. P. and Blissett, A. H. (1971): Regional and Economic Geology of the Mount Painter Province, Geological Survey of South Australia Bulletin, 43. | |
| Coats, R. P. and Blissett, A. H. (1971): Regional and Economic Geology of the Mount Painter Province, Geological Survey of South Australia Bulletin, 43. | |
| Coats, R. P. and Blissett, A. H. (1971): Regional and Economic Geology of the Mount Painter Province, Geological Survey of South Australia Bulletin, 43. | |
| Coats, R. P. and Blissett, A. H. (1971): Regional and Economic Geology of the Mount Painter Province, Geological Survey of South Australia Bulletin, 43. | |
| Record of mines (1980), Summary card No: 276, Copley SH 5409 | |
| SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit Details Deposit Number: 2088 | |
| Noble R.J., Just J. and Johnson J. E., (1983), Catalogue of South Australian Minerals-1983, Government Printer, Adelaide, South Australia. | |
| from vince peisley collection |
| Eggleton, R. A. (1959). The geology of some pegmatites near Gumeracha South Australia. Honours thesis. |
| Dickinson S.B. et al. (1954), Uranium deposits in South Australia. Bull No30, Geol. Surv. S.Australia. Part IV, p115-125 |
| Dickinson S.B. et al. (1954), Uranium deposits in South Australia. Bull No30, Geol. Surv. S.Australia. Part IV, p115-125 | |
| Pierre-Alain Wulser |
| Vera Munro-Smith (2006) Cobalt Mineralisation in Selected Australian Deposits. PhD thesis, University of Western Sydney. |
| Waterhouse, J. D. (1971). The geology of the Walparuta and Ethiudna Mine areas, Olary Province, South Australia. |
| G.S. Teale (2003) Iron oxide, copper-gold mineralisation styles from the Curnamona Province. in Peljo M., comp., 2003. Broken Hill Exploration Initiative: Abstracts from the July 2003 conference. Geoscience Australia Record 2003/13. pp180-183 |
| SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit Details Deposit Number: 941 |
| No reference listed | |
| SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit Details Deposit Number: 939 | |
| SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit Details Deposit Number: 883 | |
| The mines & minerals of the Olary province of S.A. - Radium Hill & New Luxemburg Mining Areas. K.R. Kakoschke & G.L. Francis. Self Published. |
| The mines & minerals of the Olary province of S.A. - Radium Hill & New Luxemburg Mining Areas. K.R. Kakoschke & G.L. Francis. Self Published. | |
| Grguric, B.A. (1989) Some mines and minerals of the Wadnaminga Goldfield, Olary Province, South Australia. Mineralogical News (Magazine of the Mineralogical Society of South Australia), Vol. 5, pg. 20-27. |
| Brugger, J., Ogierman, J., Pring, A., Waldron, H., Kolitsch, U. (2006): Origin of the secondary REE-minerals at the Paratoo copper deposit near Yunta, South Australia. Mineralogical Magazine, 70, 609-627. |
| Davidson, G. J. et al. (2007): Economic Geology 102, 1471-1498. |
| [MinRec 19:413] |
| [MinRec 19:412] |
| Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania |
| Whitehead, 1990; Ralph Bottrill 6/10/2005.; MINERALOGICAL MAGAZINE, SEPTEMBER 1984, VOL. 48, PP. 397-400; Singoyi, B. (1995). Mineral paragenesis, geochemistry and fluid characteristics of the Kara scheelite-magnetite skarn deposit, Northwestern Tasmania (Masters dissertation, University of Tasmania). |
| R Bottrill, unpub data; Bottrill, R. S., Taheri, J. (2006). The Savage River iron deposits and other mineral deposits of the Arthur Metamorphic Complex – A brief summary. MRT UR UR2006_05 |
| Turner, N.J., Bottrill, R. S. (2001 Blue amphibole, Arthur Metamorphic Complex, Tasmania: composition and regional tectonic setting. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 48:1, 167-181. Turner, N.J., Bottrill, R.S. (1993) Blue amphibole in the Proterozoic to Cambrian Arthur Metamorphic Complex, northwest Tasmania. Mineral Resources Tasmania, Report 1993/26, 15 pages. | |
| Bottrill & Taheri, 2008, Savage River mine, Unpub. Rept, Mineral Resources Tasmania | |
| Taheri, J., and Bottrill, R. S., 1998, Porphyry and Sedimentary-hosted Gold Deposits near Cygnet: New Styles of Gold Mineralisation in Tasmania: Unpub Rept, Mineral Resources Tasmania. 1999/01 |
| Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania |
| Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania; Amy B.D. Cockerton and Andrew G. Tomkins (2012): Insights into the Liquid Bismuth Collector Model Through Analysis of the Bi-Au Stormont Skarn Prospect, Northwest Tasmania. Economic Geology 107, 667-682. |
| L. J. Lawrence (1958) On the Genetic and Structural Relations between Contact Metamorphic Mineralization and a Hydrothermal Vein at Walang, N.S.W. Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales pp47-55; Burchard, U. (1977). Genesis of the King Island (Tasmania) scheelite mine. In Time-and Strata-Bound Ore Deposits (pp. 199-204). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. |
| http://www.crocoite.com/mainadit/luina.htm |
| Bottrill, unpub. |
| Greg Murray collection |
| R Bottrill, unpub data | |
| Bottrill & Sorrell 2007 |
| Ralph Bottrill collection | |
| Kwak, T.A.P., and Nicholson, M. (1988): Mineralogical Magazine 52, 713-716. |
| Patterson, D.J., 1979, Renison mine, Tasmania. Unpub. PhD thesis, Uni. Tas. |
| Geol. Soc. of Australia Abstr. 53:248-249 (Feb, 1999) |
| Birch, W.D. (1996) Danburite-bearing calc-silicate rocks from the Ascot Hills, Dookie, Victoria. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 43: 391 |
| G L Morvell (1976). Mineral Occurrences at Dookie, Victoria. Australian Mineralogist No.6 Oct/Nov 1976. pp. 21-23; G.L. Morvell (1976), Mineral Occurrences at Dookie, Victoria. Australian Mineralogist No.6 Oct/Nov 1976 pp. 21-23 | |
| Tickell, S.J., (1989). Dookie 1:100,000 map geological report. Geological Survey of Victoria Report No. 87 | |
| Econ Geol (1994) 89:566-583 |
| [MinRec 39:476]; Kalleske, N. L. (2010). Mineralogical and petrogenetic study of gold ore from the Boddington Gold Deposit, WA (Doctoral dissertation). |
| Fetherston, J.M., Stocklmayer, S.M., Stocklmayer, V.C. (2013) Gemstones of Western Australia. Geological Survey of Western Australia, Mineral Resources Bulletin 25, 306 pages. |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 1, p 232 |
| Simpson, Edward S. (1951) Minerals of Western Australia Vol 2 (Facsimile ed. 1984). Hesperian Press, Carlisle, Western Australia, p.155. |
| Witt, W.K., Knight, J.T., Mikucki, E.J. (1997) A Synmetamorphic lateral fluid flow model for gold mineralization in the Archean southern Kalgoorlie and Norseman Terranes Western Australia, Economic Geology, 92:407-437. | |
| Eilu, Pasi. (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits, Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003, Rovaniemi, Finland, 72p. | |
| Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003. | |
| Gray, N.M., Ward, H.J. (1953) The Geology of the Country about Coolgardie, Coolgardie Goldfield, W.A. Parts I & II. Geological Survey of Western Australia, Bulletin No. 107, 365 pages plus maps. | |
| Bucci, L.A., Hagemann, S.G., Groves, D.I., Standing, J.G. (2002) The Archean Chalice gold deposit: a record of complex, multistage, high-temperature hydrothermal activity and gold mineralisation associated with granitic rocks in the Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia. Ore Geology Reviews, 19:1, 23-67. |
| Howe, d. et al (2011), Discovery to Production-The Athena Gold Mine, 8th International Mining Geology Confernce 2011 |
| Marston, R.J. (1984) Nickel Mineralization in Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin 14, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 291p. | |
| Euli, P. (2003), Orogenic Gold Deposits, Fennoscanndian Exploratory Mining, 2003 | |
| Marston, R.J. (1984) Nickel Mineralization in Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin 14, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 291p. |
| Marston, R.J. (1984) Nickel Mineralization in Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin 14, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 291p. |
| Marston, R.J. (1984) Nickel Mineralization in Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin 14, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 291p. |
| John Walshe, 2018, key elements in the formation of progenitor gold deposits: lessons from the Yilgarn. Garry Davidson symposium. Unpublished Presentation, CODES. University of Tasmania | |
| Marston, R.J. (1984) Nickel Mineralization in Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin 14, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 291p. |
| Peter Eliott | |
| Barnes, 2015 | |
| Marston, R.J. (1984) Nickel Mineralization in Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin 14, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 291p. | |
| Western Australia Department of Mines (1930) Annual Report of the Department of Mines for 1929 |
| Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 |
| Fetherston, J.M. (2010), Dimension Stone in Western Australia, Vol 2, Mineral Resources Bulletin 24, Department of Mines and Petroleum, State Government of Western Australia, 2010 |
| Emeralds of the World English extraLapis Vol. 2 2002 pp24-35 |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948) Minerals of Western Australia Vol 1 (Facsimile ed. 1984). Hesperian Press, Carlisle, Western Australia, 631 pages, at p. 225. |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 1, p461 | |
| Fetherston, J.M. (2010), Dimension Stone in Western Australia, Vol 2, Mineral Resources Bulletin 24, Dept of Mines and Petroleum, State Government of Western Australia, 2010 |
| Fetherston, J.M. (2010), Dimension Stone in Western Australia, Vol 2, Mineral Resources Bulletin 24, Dept of Mines and Petroleum, State Government of Western Australia, 2010 |
| Fetherston, J.M. (2010), Dimension Stone in Western Australia, Vol 2, Mineral Resources Bulletin 24, Department of Mines and Petroleum, State Government of Western Australia, 2010 | |
| Fetherston, J.M. (2010), Dimension Stone in Western Australia, Volume 2, Mineral resources Bulletin 24, Dept of MInes and Petroleum, State Government of Western Australia, 2010 | |
| MinMag 66(6):985-1002 |
| Downes, P. J., & Bevan, A. W. R. (2002). Chrysoberyl, beryl and zincian spinel mineralization in granulite-facies Archaean rocks at Dowerin, Western Australia. Mineralogical Magazine, 66(6), 985-1002 | |
| Fetherston, J.M. (2010), Dimension Stone in Western Australia, Vol 2, Mineral Resources Bulletin 24, Dept of Mines and Petroleum, State Government of Western Australia, 2010 |
| Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 |
| Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 | |
| McCuaig, T.C. (1997), The Genesis and Evolution of Lode Gold Mineralisation and Mafic Host Lithologies in the Late-Archean Norseman Terrane Yilgarn Block Western Australia, (thesis) University of Saskketchewan, Saskatoon, Canada, 1997 & Mueller, A.G (2011), Petrogenesis of Amphibole-Biotite-Calcite-Plagioclase Alteration and Laminated Gold-Silver Quartz Veins in Four Archean Shear Zones of the Norseman District Western Australia, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Feb 2011, 29(3) pp388-417 |
| Campbell, W.D. (1906) The Geology and Mineral Resources of the Norseman District, Dundas Goldfield. Geological Survey of Western Australia, Bulletin No. 21, 140 pages plus maps. | |
| Western Australia Department of Mines (1930) Annual Report of the Department of Mines for 1929 | |
| McCuiag, T.C. (1997), The Genesis and Evolution of Lode Gold Mineralization amd Mafic Host Lithologies in the Late-Archean Norseman Terrane. Yilgarn Block. Western Australia, )thesis) University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada, 1997 | |
| Marston, R.J. (1984) Nickel Mineralization in Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin 14, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 291p. Cox, R. (1974) Geochemical soil surveys in exploration for nickel-copper sulphides at Pioneer, near Norseman, Western Australia, Special Publication No.2, 5th International Geochemical Exploration Symposium Vancouver BC Canada 1-4 April 1974 p.437. | |
| McCuaig, T.S. (1997), The Genesis and Evolution of the Lode Gold Mineralization and Mafic Host Lithologies in the Late-Archean Norseman Terrance Yilgarn Block Western Australia, )thesis) University of Saskkatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada, 1997 pp 139-140, pp 155 -161 | |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 2, p 154 |
| Bailey, M.E.(1982): Babingtonite in an early Archaean Metabasalt from the Pilbara Block Western Australia, Mineralogical Magazine (Sept 1982):46:401-402 |
| Orth, K. (2002), Setting of the Paleoproterozoic Koongie Park Formation and Carbonate Associated Base Metal Mineralisation at Koongie Park Northwestern Australia (thesis), University of Tasmania, 2002 |
| Orth, K. (2002) Setting of the Paleoproterozoic Koongie Park Formation and Carbonate-associated Base Metal Mineralisation, at Koongie Park, Northwestern Australia, PhD. Thesis, University of Tasmania, November 2002. [http://eprints.utas.edu.au/8932/] | |
| Orth, K. (2002), Setting of the Paleoproterozoic Koongie Park Formation and Carbonate Associated Base Metal Mineralisation at Koongie Park Northwestern Australia (thesis), University of Tasmania, November 2002 | |
| Bagas, L., Anderson, J.A.C., and Bierlein, F.P. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 47-67. |
| Steadman, J. A., Large, R. R., Davidson, G. J., Bull, S. W., Thompson, J., Ireland, T. R., & Holden, P. (2014). Paragenesis and composition of ore minerals in the Randalls BIF-hosted gold deposits, Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia: Implications for the timing of deposit formation and constraints on gold sources. Precambrian Research, 243, 110-132. | |
| Econ Geol (1997) 92:407-437 |
| Marston, R.J. (1984) Nickel Mineralization in Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin 14, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 291p. |
| Marston, R.J. (1984) Nickel Mineralization in Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin 14, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 291p. | |
| Kalgoorlie Miner newspaper (1934), Windanya. Old District Receiving Attention, 04/12/1934 | |
| Feldtmann, F.R. (1919), The Magnesite Deposits of Bulong. North-East Coolgardie Goldfield, Geological Survey of Western Australia, Bulletin 82, 1919 |
| Western Argus newspaper (Kalgoorlie) (1917), Binti Binti. Melba Proprietary G.M., 16/10/1917 |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 1, pp 116, 1948 |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 2, pp597, 1948 | |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, P176 | |
| Marston, R.J. (1984) Nickel Mineralization in Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin 14, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 291p. |
| Steadman, J.A., Large, A.A., Davidson, G.J., Bull, S.W., Thompson, J., Ireland, T.R., Holden, P. (2014), Paragenesis and Composition of Ore Minerals in the Randalls BIF Hosted Gold Deposits Yilgarn Craton Western Australia: implications for timing of deposit formation and constraints in gold source, Precambrian Research, 243, pp110-132, 2014 | |
| http://www.silverlakeresources.com.au/ | |
| Econ Geol (1997) 92:407-437; Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 | |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 1, p 157 | |
| Mueller, A.G. (2007), Copper-Gold Endoskarns and High Mg Monzodiorite-Tonalite Intrusions at Mt Shea Kalgoorlie Australia, Mineralium Deposita, Oct 2007 |
| Fred Rose- leasee of the nearby Mt Holland rubellite mine |
| Marston, R.J. (1984) Nickel Mineralization in Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin 14, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 291p. |
| http://www.poseidonresources.com/laverton-project | |
| Duuring, P., Hagemann, S.G., and Groves, D.I. (2000): Mineralium Deposita 35, 402-421. |
| Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 |
| Mueller, A.G., Hall, G.C., Nemchin, A.A., Stein, H.J., Creaser, R.A., and Mason, D.R. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 337-362. | |
| Thebaud, N (2014), The Orogenic Gold Deposits of the Agnew Gold Camp, centre for Exploration Targeting, Quarterly News, 30/12/2014 |
| Thebaud, N. (2014), The Orogenic Gold Deposits of the Agnew Gold Camp. Yilgarn Craton. Western Australia, Centre of Exploration Targetting, Quarterly News, 30/12/2014 | |
| Carver et al (2004), Redeemer Au Deposit Agnew District Western Australia, CRC LEME, 2004 | |
| Thebaud, N. (2014), The Orogenic Gold Deposits of the Agnew Gold Camp, Centre for Exploration Targeting, Quarterly News, 30/12/2014 | |
| Neil Phillips, G., Vearncombe, J.R., and Eshuys, E. (1998): Mineralium Deposita 33, 310-316. |
| Kenworthy, S., & Hagemann, S. G. (2005). Decoupled lamprophyric magmatism and gold mineralization at the Archean Darlot lode gold deposit, Western Australia. In Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge (pp. 987-990). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. |
| Mock, C. et al (1987), Gold Deposits of Western Australia, BMR, Datafile (MINDEP), Resource Deposit 3, Dept of Primary Industries and Energy, Bur of Mineral Resources Geology and Geophysics, Commonwealth Government of Australia, 1987 |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 1, p351 | |
| Barnes, S.J.(2007): Cotectic Precipitation of Olivine and Sulfide Liquid from Komatiite Magma and the Origin of Komatiite Hosted Disseminated Nickel Sulfide Mineralisation at Mt Keith and Yakabindie Western Australia, Economic Geology (2007):102(2): 299-304 |
| http://www.vesuviusminerals.com.au/vanadium_project |
| Hassan, L. Y. (2017). Alteration Associated with the Austin-Quinns VMS Prospects, Northern Yilgarn Craton. Geological Survey of Western Australia, Record 2017/10, 61p. |
| Hassan, L. Y. (2017). Alteration Associated with the Austin-Quinns VMS Prospects, Northern Yilgarn Craton. Geological Survey of Western Australia, Record 2017/10, 61p. | |
| Western Mail newspaper (Perth), The Garden Gully Find. Official Report on the Kyarra, 10/12/1910 |
| E. de., Simpson, E.S., Farquharson, R.A. (1916), The Geology and Ore Bodies at Meekatharra. Murchison Goldfield, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 1916 | |
| http://www.ore.com.au/crm/oreas-251 |
| Johnson, S.L., Wright, A.H. (2003), Mine Void Water Resources Issues in Western Australia, Water and Rivers Commission Report, Government of Western Australia, 2003. |
| Northern Star Limited (2015), Northern Star Plutonic Operations Fact Sheet, 2015 |
| Australian Journal of Mineralogy; Vol 12, Number 1, June 2006; The Minerals of Comet Vale; B.A. Grguric, A.W.R. Bevan, P.J. Downes, A.Pring; pp 9-23 |
| Lintern, M.J., Calcrete Sampling for Mineral Exploration, CRC LEME (date?) (there is not date listed on this source but is likely to be around 1998 when an interest was taken by the CSIRO for the site) |
| Robertson, I.D.M., Douglas, G.B. (2003), Lights of Israel Gold Deposit Davyhurst W.A., CRC LEME, 2003 |
| Blewett, R.S., Czarnota, K, (2007), Tectnostratigraphic Architecture and Uplift History of the Eastern Yilgarn Craton, Module 3, Terrane Structures, Project y-p763, Geoscience Australia, Commonwealth of Australia, 2007 |
| Econ Geol (1997) 92:407-437 | |
| Mineralogical Magazine 1974 39 : 737-743 | |
| Stratum Metals (2015), Potential to Join Existing Gold Open Pits Identified at East Menzies- ASX announcement, 09/11/2015 |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 1, p 156 | |
| The West Australian newspaper (Perth) (1907), The Pinjin Leases. Mr. Montgomery's Report, 04/01/1907 |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 1, p 464 |
| Emeralds of the World English extraLapis Vol. 2 2002 pp24-35 | |
| Abeysinghe, P.B. (1996) Talc, Pyrophyllite and Magnesite in Western Australia: Western Australia Geological Survey, Mineral Resources Bulletin 16, 129p. |
| Simpson, E.S. 91948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 1, p 427 |
| Neumayr, P., Ridley, J.R., Mcnaughton, N., Kinny, P.D., Barley, M., Groves, D., (1998) Timing of gold mineralization in the Mt York district, Pilgangoora greenstone belt, and implications for the tectonic and metamorphic evolution of an area linking the western and eastern Pilbara Craton. Precambrian Research, Vol. 88, 1998, p. 249-265 (University of Western Australia). |
| Marston, R.J. (1984) Nickel Mineralization in Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin 14, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 291p. |
| Ferguson, K.M. (1999) Lead, Zinc and Silver Deposits of Western Australia. Geological Survey of Western Australia, Mineral Resources Bulletin 15. |
| Mock, C. et al (1987), Gold Deposits of Western Australia, BMR, Datafile (MINDEP), Resource Deposit 3, Dept of Primary Industries and Energy, Bur of MIneral Resources Geology and Geophysics, Commonwealth Government of Australia, 1987 |
| Mock, C. et al (1987), Gold Deposits of Western Australia, BMR, Datafile (MINDEP), Resource Deposit 3, Dept of Primary Industries and Energy, Bur of Mineral Resources Geology and Geophysics, Commonwealth Government of Australia, 1987 | |
| Marston, R.J. (1984) Nickel Mineralization in Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin 14, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 291p. |
| Simpson, E.S., (1948) Minerals of Western Australia. Volume 1-3. Government Printer, Perth. |
| Neil Phillips, G., Vearncombe, J.R., and Eshuys, E. (1998): Mineralium Deposita 33, 310-316. |
| Disseminated and Massive Nickel Sulphide Deposits,Honeymoon Well Complex, Western Australia; M Gole and M Woodhouse, Journal of the Virtual Explorer; ISSN 1441-8142 Vol 1 paper 2, 2000 |
| Grguric, B.A. (2003) Minerals of the MKD5 nickel deposit, Mount Keith, Western Australia. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 9, No.2 pp.55-71. |
| Pirajno, F., Glikson, A. Y., Uysal, T., & Phillips, D. (2002). Geology of the Shoemaker impact structure, Western Australia. Geological Survey of Western Australia. Report 82 | |
| Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 |
| Edward S. Simpson (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 1 p229, Vol 2 p586, Vol 3 p676 |
| Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 |
| Economic Geology (1997) 92:181-209. |
| www.portergeo.com.au | |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, p 689 |
| Econ Geol (1997) 92:181-209 | |
| Econ Geol (1984) 79:162-171; Econ Geol (1997) 92:181-209; Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 | |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, p 456 |
| Nugus, M.J. et al (2003), Enigmatic Kinematics Resolved in the Taurus Shear Zone Golden Pig Mine Southern Cross WA, 5th International Mining Geology Conference, Bendigo Vic Nov 17-19 2003 |
| Ore Petrology Chemistry and Timing of Electrum in the Archaean Hypozonal Transvaal Lode Gold Deposit, Western Australia; SG Hagemann, PE Brown, J Ridley, P Stern, J Fournelle; Economic Geology, V93May 1998, pp 271-291 | |
Austria | |
| Autorenkollektiv (Red. M. A. Götzinger und P. Huber) (2009): Die Mineralien des Burgenlandes - Geologie, Mineralogie und mineralische Rohstoffe. – Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten aus dem Burgenland, Band 126, Amt der Burgenländischen Landesregierung, Abteilung 7 - Landesmuseum, Eisenstadt, 256 S. |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| |
| H. Meixner: Der Karinthin 6:108-120 (1949) |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| Paar, W.H., and Niedermayr, G. (1998): Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft 143, 425-435. |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| Pichler (2009) |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| Bergbau in Westkärnten |
| F. H. Ucik: Carinthia II, 159./79.:32-33 (1969) |
| F. H. Ucik: Carinthia II, 159./79.: 32-33 (1969) |
| F. H. Ucik: Carinthia II, 159./79.:32-33 (1969) |
| F. H. Ucik: Carinthia II, 159./79.: 32-33 (1969) |
| Carinthia II (2013) |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| Niedermayr (1997) |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| W. Postl: Carinthia II 186./106.:135-138 (1996) |
| Niedermayr, G. (2007): 1502) Albit, Aktinolith, Chalcopyrit, Epidot-Klinozoisit, Hämatit, Ilmenit Klinochlor und Quarz von einem Straßenaufschluss bei Prigglitz, Niederösterreich. - In: Niedermayr, G. et al.: Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LVI, Carinthia II, 197/117, Teil 1, 173, Klagenfurt. |
| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993) |
| Kiesewetter, L. & Knobloch, G. (2003): Die Minerale des Raumes Spitz/Donau. MEFOS, 14/26, 4-22 |
| C.Auer (2019) |
| Huber, S. and Huber, P. (1977): Mineral-Fundstellen Band 8: Oberösterreich, Niederösterreich und Burgenland. C. Weise Verlag, München, 270 pp. (in German); MEIXNER, H. (1976): 375. Mineralfunde vom Arzberg bei Spitz an der Donau, Niederösterreich. Pp. 32-35 in MEIXNER, H. (1976): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich XXVI. Carinthia II, 166./86., 11-42. |
| Götzinger, M. A., Beran, A. & Libowitzky, E. (1994): Exkursion A: Mineralvorkommen und Lagerstätten im östlichen Waldviertel. Mitt. Österr. Mineral. Ges. 139, 389-405. |
| Götzinger, M. A. (1981): Mineralogische Untersuchungen des Magnetitvorkommens Kottaun bei Geras, niederösterreichisches Moldanubikum. Ein Beitrag zur Genese von Skarnen. Sitzungsber. Österr. Akad. Wiss., math.-naturw. Kl., 190, 45-78. |
| Huber, S., Huber, P. (1977): Mineralfundstellen. Band 8: Oberösterreich, Niederösterreich und Burgenland. - 271 p., München - Innsbruck (Christian Weise, Pinguin). |
| Database „Minerale NÖ“ (A. Thinschmidt and co-workers) |
| SIGMUND, Alois (1937a): Die Minerale Niederösterreichs.- 2. Aufl., XI + 247 S., Wien - Leipzig (Deuticke). |
| Götzinger, M. A. (1987): Vermiculitvorkommen der Böhmischen Masse in Österreich und ihre Entstehung. Mitt. Österr. Mineral. Ges., 132, 135-156. |
| peter neschen collection |
| Löffler, E. & Kolitsch, U. (2011): Die Mineralien der Loja bei Persenbeug, Niederösterreich (I). Mineralien-Welt. 22 (3): 73-84 | |
| Löffler, E. & Kolitsch, U. (2011): Die Mineralien der Loja bei Persenbeug, Niederösterreich (II). Mineralien-Welt. 22 (4): 51-62 | |
| Löffler, E. & Kolitsch, U. (2011): Die Mineralien der Loja bei Persenbeug, Niederösterreich (II). Mineralien-Welt. 22 (4): 51-62 | |
| Kolitsch, U. (2015): 1941) Aktinolith, Aragonit, Baryt, Fluorapatit, Gips und Siderit aus den Marmorbrüchen bei Winkl, Waldviertel, Niederösterreich. P. 252 in Niedermayr, G. et al. (2015): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXIV. Carinthia II, 205./125., 207-280. |
| Huber, S. & Huber, P. (1977): Mineral-Fundstellen Band 8: Oberösterreich, Niederösterreich und Burgenland. C. Weise Verlag, München, 270 pp. |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| S.Schwabl (2016) |
| Collection of Martin Slama, collected 2008 |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| Niedermayr, G. (1993): 913. Ein interessanter Fund von Rutil und Aktinolith von der „Prehnitinsel" im Habachtal, Salzburg. P. 276 in NIEDERMAYR, G., F. BRANDSTÄTTER, B. MOSER, W. H. PAAR, W. POSTL, J. TAUCHER & H.-P. BOJAR (1993): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich XIIL. Carinthia II, 183./103.: 265-290. |
| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| peter neschen collection |
| dan weinrich |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| peter neschen collection | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| Natural History Museum Vienna collection |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| Strasser, A.(1989): Die Minerale Salzburgs. Salzburg. 346p | |
| Van King |
| Collection Uwe Ludwig | |
| peter neschen collection |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| C. Auer: Lapis 20(11):11-20 (1995) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989); Paar, W.; Schantl, J.; Meixner, H.; Günther, W. (1978): Vorbericht über eine Chromitvererzung vom Federweißschartl, Schladminger Tauern, Lungau, Salzburg. Karinthin 79, 69-71. |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| G. Niedermayr, W. Postl, F. Walter: Carinthia II 175./95.:235-252 (1985) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| Sigmund, A. (1919): Die kristallinen Schiefer und die Minerale im Pöllergraben bei Gams nächst Frohnleiten. Mitteilungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines für Steiermark, 55, 127-150. |
| peter neschen collection |
| Schachinger, T., Auer, Ch., Tomazic, P., Bernhard, F. & Postl, W. (2013): Eine Blei-Zink-Silber-Mineralisation im Graschnitzgraben südlich von St. Marein im Mürztal, Fischbacher Alpen, Steiermark. Der Steirische Mineralog, 27, 4-9. |
| Chris Auer photo |
| Postl, W. et al. (2004) |
| Annalen 1999, p.11-22 |
| Freyn (1902), Redlich (1908) | |
| Aufschluss 1972(SB), 80-83 | |
| C.Auer (2019) | |
| Offenbacher (1983) |
| peter neschen collection |
| Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen 12 (1968) 182-203. |
| Natural History Museum Vienna collection |
| C.Auer (2016) |
| Christian Bracke collection |
| Andrew Haighton Collection | |
| Collection of Volker Betz |
| Miller, C. (1970): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 28, 42-56. |
| Gerard van der Veldt collection |
| Extra Lapis No 12 Ziller valley | |
| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993) |
| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993) |
| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993) | |
| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993) |
Azerbaijan | |
| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia |
| Pavel M. Kartashov data |
Bailiwick of Guernsey | |
| Henwood, W.J. (1871): Transactions of the Royal Geological Society of Cornwall 8(1), 530-539 | |
Bangladesh | |
| Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 45(1), 17-26, 2010 |
Belgium | |
| - Fransolet, A.M., Kramm, U., Schreyer, W. (1977): Metamorphose und Magmatismus im Venn-Stavelot-Massiv, Ardennen, Fortschritte der Mineralogie, Vol. 55, Beiheft 2, pp.: 75-103 |
| Histoire, industrie, geologie des Carrières de Quenast. Claude Pire, 1993 |
Bolivia | |
| Alfredo Petrov collection. |
| Alfredo Petrov collection |
| Federico Ahlfeld and Jorge Muñoz Reyes (1955) Las Especies Minerales de Bolivia. (Banco Minero de Bolivia, 180 pp) | |
| Alfredo Petrov, field collected specimens.; Federico Ahlfeld and Jorge Muñoz Reyes (1955) Las Especies Minerales de Bolivia. (Banco Minero de Bolivia, 180 pp) | |
| Kempff, O., Tawackoli, S., and Paar, W.H. (2003) Minerales de Bolivia (Minera San Cristobal, S.A., La Paz) |
Brazil | |
| Cassedanne, J.P. & Cassedanne, J.O. (1978): Famous mineral localities: The Brumado district, Bahia , Brazil. Mineralogical Record 9 : 196-205 |
| [MinRec 9:204-205] | |
| Emeralds of the World English extraLapis Vol. 2 2002 pp24-35 |
| Overstreet, William C., 1967, The Geologic Occurrence of Monazite, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper, Volume 530, p. 292. |
| Sá, J. H. S., Barnes, S. J., Prichard, H. M., & Fisher, P. C. (2005). The distribution of base metals and platinum-group elements in magnetitite and its host rocks in the Rio Jacaré Intrusion, Northeastern Brazil. Economic Geology, 100(2), 333-348. |
| Emeralds of the World English extraLapis Vol. 2 2002 pp24-35 |
| Emeralds of the World English extraLapis Vol. 2 2002 pp24-35 |
| - Kuyumjian, R.M., Costa, A.L.L.; 1999; Geologia, Geoquímica e Mineralizações Auríferas da Seqüência Mina Inglesa, Greenstone Belt de Crixás, Goiás. |
| Jost, H., and de Tarso Ferro de Oliveira Fortes, P. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 358-376. | |
| Jost, H., and de Tarso Ferro de Oliveira Fortes, P. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 358-376. |
| Jost, H., and de Tarso Ferro de Oliveira Fortes, P. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 358-376. | |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.; Kuyumjian, R. M. (2008). Magmatic arc and associated gold, copper, silver, and barite deposits in the state of Goiás, central Brazil: characteristics and speculations. Brazilian Journal of Geology, 30(2). |
| Palermo, N., Porto, C. G., & da Costa Jr, C. N. (2008). The Mara Rosa gold district, central Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Geology, 30(2). |
| Palermo, N., Porto, C. G., & da Costa Jr, C. N. (2008). The Mara Rosa gold district, central Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Geology, 30(2). | |
| Revista Brasileira de Geociências. 30(2):256-260, (2000). | |
| Palermo, N., Porto, C. G., & da Costa Jr, C. N. (2008). The Mara Rosa gold district, central Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Geology, 30(2). | |
| Emeralds of the World English extraLapis Vol. 2 2002 pp24-35 |
| Emeralds of the World English extraLapis Vol. 2 2002 pp24-35 |
| Silva, M. L. T. D. (2017). Geologia, petrologia e metalogenia do depósito de ouro Santa Helena, Mato Grosso. Thesis Universidade de Brasília |
| Lobato, L.M., Ribeiro-Rodrigues, L.C., and Reis Vieira, F.W. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 249-277 |
| Folentino (2017) M.Sc. Thesis | |
| http://acd.ufrj.br/geologia/posgrad/area1_d.htm |
| Brenner et al (1990) Econ Geol 85:904-920 |
| www.cprm.gov.br/ingles/bens/ifer0101.html. | |
| Emeralds of the World English extraLapis Vol. 2 2002 pp24-35 | |
| Lobato, L.M., Ribeiro-Rodrigues, L.C., and Reis Vieira, F.W. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 249-277 |
| Jour. of South American Earth Sci. 15:709–723 | |
| Monteiro, L.V.S., Xavier, R.P., de Carvalho, E.R., Hitzman, M.W., Johnson, C.A., de Souza Filho, C.R., and Torresi, I. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 129-159. |
| Monteiro, L.V.S., Xavier, R.P., de Carvalho, E.R., Hitzman, M.W., Johnson, C.A., de Souza Filho, C.R., and Torresi, I. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 129-159. | |
| Teixeira, A. S. (2014). Geologia, petrologia e geocronologia do complexo acamadado lago grande: evidência para uma suíte magmática mineralizada a egp na província mineral de Carajás, Brasil. |
| Villas, R.N., and Dias Santos, M. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 300-331 | |
| Villas, R.N., and Dias Santos, M. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 300-331 | |
| Grainger, C.J., Groves, D.I., Tallarico, F.H.B., and Fletcher, I.R. (2008): Ore Geology Reviews 33, 451-489.; Tazava, E. (1999). Mineralização de Au-Cu-(±ETR-U) associada às brechas hidrotermais do depósito de Igarapé Bahia, Província Mineral de Carajás, PA. MS Thesis |
| JULIANI, C.; CORRÊA-SILVA, R. H.; MONTEIRO, L. V. S.; BETTENCOURT, J. S.; NUNES, C. M. D. (2002). The Batalha Au - Granite System - Tapajós Gold Province, Amazonian Craton, Brazil: Hydrothermal alteration and regional implications. Precambrian Research, v. 119, n. 1-4, p. 225-256. |
| Souza Neto, J.A., Legrand, J.M., Volfinger, M., Pascal, M.-L., and Sonnet, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 185-205. |
| Souza Neto, J.A., Legrand, J.M., Volfinger, M., Pascal, M.-L., and Sonnet, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 185-205. |
| ACM Ferreira et al; VESUVIANITA VIOLETA GEMOLÓGICA DO SKARN DE UMBUZEIRO DOCE, PROVÍNCIA SHEELITÍFERA DA BORBOREMA, NE DO BRASIL. Estudos Geológicos V.24(1),2014 |
| Neto, M. T. D. O. C., & Barbosa, R. V. N. (2008). As Esmeraldas De Lajes, Caiçara Do Rio Dos Ventos E São Tomé/rn. Holos-ISSN 1807-1600, 2, 92-104. |
| Souza Neto, J.A., Legrand, J.M., Volfinger, M., Pascal, M.-L., and Sonnet, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 185-205. |
| Neto, J.A.S., Legrand, J.M., Volfinger, M., Pascal, M.-L., and Sonnet, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 185-205. |
| Emeralds of the World English extraLapis Vol. 2 2002 pp24-35 |
| dos Santos et al (1991) The gold quartz vein of Pontal, Brazil. Brazil Gold 91 |
Bulgaria | |
| Marcus Voigt Collection |
| Haydoutov, I., Kolcheva, K., Daieva, L. A., & Savov, I. Evidence of boninitic type magmatism in the Variegated Formations from the East Rhodope. |
| Moritz, R., Kouzmanov, K., & Petrunov, R. (2004). Late Cretaceous Cu–Au epithermal deposits of the Panagyurishte district, Srednogorie zone, Bulgaria. Swiss Bulletin of Mineralogy and Petrology, 84(1), 79-99. |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155 |
| Petrusenko, S. & Arnaudov, V. (1996): Desilicified pegmatites with dravite and corundum from the Ikhtiman Sredna Gora, Bulgaria. Geokhimiya, Mineralogiya i Petrologiya 31, 65-77 (in Bulgarian). |
| Svetoslav Petrussenko, Iliya Dimitrov, Kostadin Glushkov, Lubomir Metodiev (2007) A Wonderful World of Minerals (Minerals, Mineral Deposits and Localities from the Area of the Town of Chepelare). Fourth International Symposium Mineral Diversity Research and Preservation pp229-233 |
| A. Piestrzynski (2001) Mineral Deposits at the Beginning of the 21st Century. pp 925-928 |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.; Georgiev, Georgi (2008) A genetic model of the Elatsite porphyry copper deposit, Bulgaria. GEOCHEMISTRY, MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY • SOFIA 46, 143-160. |
Cameroon | |
| Tetsopgang, S., Koyanagi, J., Enami, M., and Kihara, K. (2003): Mineralogical Magazine 67(3), 509-516. |
Canada | |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| I.C.L. Webster, G.E. Ray and A.R. Pettipas (1992) An Investigation of Selected Mineralized Skarns in British Columbia. British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 1992 |
| Soregaroli, A. E. (1968). Geology of the Boss Mountain Mine, British Columbia (Doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia). |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. | |
| Dana 7:I:203. |
| Thomas Mumford (2007) Dykes of the Moose Creek Valley, Ice River Alkaline Complex, southeastern BC. MSc thesis University of New Brunswick. |
| Nixon, G., & Archibald, D. (2002). Age of Platinum-Group-Element Mineralization in the Sappho Alkaline Complex, South-Central British Columbia. BCMEM Paper, 1, 171-176 |
| www.em.gov.bc.ca/cf/minfile file no. 082ESE070. |
| www.em.gov.bc.ca/DL/GSBPubs/GeoFldWk/2003/25-Nixon-263-290-w.pdf.; Garagan, M. J. (2014). Textural and spatial relationship between platinum-group elements and alteration assemblages in the Afton porphyry system, Kamloops, British Columbia. BS Thesis St. Marys University, Halifax |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. | |
| I.C.L. Webster, G.E. Ray and A.R. Pettipas (1992) An Investigation of Selected Mineralized Skarns in British Columbia. British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 1992I |
| https://www.imperialmetals.com/assets/docs/ruddock_creek_tech_report-2012final.pdf | |
| BC Minfile 104G 091 |
| Rhys, D.A. (1993): Geology of the Snip mine and its relationship to the magmatic and deformational history of the Johnny Mountain area, northwestern British Columbia. The University of British Columbia, unpublished M.Sc. thesis, 1993, 278 pp. |
| Rhys, D.A. (1993): Geology of the Snip mine and its relationship to the magmatic and deformational history of the Johnny Mountain area, northwestern British Columbia. The University of British Columbia, unpublished M.Sc. thesis, 1993, 278 pp. | |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| I.C.L. Webster, G.E. Ray and A.R. Pettipas (1992) An Investigation of Selected Mineralized Skarns in British Columbia. British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 1992I |
| http://www.em.gov.bc.ca/cf/minfile/search/search.cfm?mode=capbib&minfilno=092L%20%20044 |
| Greenwood, H. J. (1967): Am. Mineral. 52, 1669-1680. |
| Mauthier, M. and C. A. Francis (2006) Gold Crystal Localities of British Columbia, Canada. Rocks & Minerals 81:14-22 |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. | |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| Ghent, E.D., Stout, M.Z., erdmer, P. (1990) Howieite in blueschists, Pinchi Lake, British Columbia. Canadian Mineralogist, 28, 855-858. |
| MINFILE No 092HSE060 |
| Econ Geol (1992) 87:1862-1876 | |
| G E Ray, G. L. Dawson, R Simpson (1983) The Geology And Controls Of Skakn Mineralization In The Hedley Gold Camp Southern British Columbia* (92W8, 82315) British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources. Geological Fieldwork, 1986, Paper 1987-1; G.E. Ray and G.L. Dawson, (1994) The Geology and Mineral Deposits of the Hedley Gold Skarn District, Southern B.C. BC Geological Survey Bulletin 87: | |
| G E Ray, G. L. Dawson, R Simpson (1983) The Geology And Controls Of Skakn Mineralization In The Hedley Gold Camp Southern British Columbia* (92W8, 82315) British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources. Geological Fieldwork, 1986, Paper 1987-1; Dawson, Garnet Linn. GEOLOGICAL SE flING OF TIlE HEDLEY GOLD SKARN CAMP WITH SPECIFIC REFERENCE TO THE FRENCH MINE, SOUTH-CENTRAL BRITISH COLUMBIA. Diss. University of British Columbia, 1994. | |
| DIXON,A., CEMPIREK, J. & GROAT, L.A. (2014) Mineralogy and geochemistry of pegmatites on Mount Begbie, British Columbia. Canadian Mineralogist 52, 129-164. |
| MINFILE No 082N 003 | |
| R Sherlock and Julie Domvile (2007) Great Mining Camps of Canada 2. The History and Geology of the Anyox Copper Camp, British Columbia. Geoscience Canada, 34:113-134. |
| R Sherlock and Julie Domvile (2007) Great Mining Camps of Canada 2. The History and Geology of the Anyox Copper Camp, British Columbia. Geoscience Canada, 34:113-134. | |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| Econ Geol (1990) 85:1252-1259 |
| MINFILE No 082FSW093 | |
| BC Minfile data |
| Phillips, K. A. (1979) Minerals of Manitoba: Volume II: Metallic minerals. Manitoba Mineral Resources Division Educational Series 78/2. |
| Phillips, K. A. (1979) Minerals of Manitoba: Volume II: Metallic minerals. Manitoba Mineral Resources Division Educational Series 78/2. | |
| Olivo & Theyer (2004) CM 42, 667 |
| Sabina, A.P. (1972) Rocks & minerals for the collector: La Ronge - Creighton, Saskatchewan, Flin Flon, Thompson, Manitoba. GSC paper 71-27, 65. | |
| Cole, E.M., Gibson, H.L. and Lafrance, B. 2007: Preliminary description of the lithofacies and structure of the Schist Lake mine area, Flin Flon, Manitoba (part of NTS 63K12); in Report of Activities 2007, Manitoba Science, Technology, Energy and Mines, Manitoba Geological Survey, p. 33–42. |
| Ritchie, Paul M. H. (1973) A study of the copper-nickel-zinc deposit of Bird River Mines Co. Ltd., Southeastern Manitoba. MS Thesis University of Manitoba. |
| Samson I M, Blackburn W H, Gagnon J E (1999) Paragenesis and composition of amphibole and biotite in the MacLellan gold deposit, Lynn Lake greenstone belt, Manitoba, Canada, The Canadian Mineralogist 37, 1405-1421 |
| Richardson, D.J., Ostry, G., Weber, W., Fogwill, W.D. (1996) Gold deposits of Manitoba, Manitoba Energy and Mines, Economic Geology Report 86-1 (2nd Edition), 114 p. |
| Barrie, C.T. and Taylor, C.F. (2001) Geology, alteration mineralogy, geochemistry and volcanogenic massive-sulphide potential of the Ruttan mine area and the southern Rusty Lake volcanic belt (NTS 64B). Manitoba Geological Survey Open File Report 2001-9 |
| Barrie, C.T. and Taylor, C.F. (2001) Geology, alteration mineralogy, geochemistry and volcanogenic massive-sulphide potential of the Ruttan mine area and the southern Rusty Lake volcanic belt (NTS 64B). Manitoba Geological Survey Open File Report 2001-9 |
| Phillips, K. A. (1979) Minerals of Manitoba: Volume II: Metallic minerals. Manitoba Mineral Resources Division Educational Series 78/2. |
| Fulton, P. J. (1999). Distribution of gold mineralization at the New Britannia Mine in Snow Lake, Manitoba, implications for exploration and processing. MSC thesis University of Manitoba | |
| Phillips, K. A. (1979) Minerals of Manitoba: Volume II: Metallic minerals. Manitoba Mineral Resources Division Educational Series 78/2. |
| Chen, Yuan, "Precious-metal Mineralization And Sulfide-silicate Relationships In Some Canadian Nickel-copper Sulfide Deposits: Thompson Mine, Manitoba; Sudbury, Ontario; Dundonald Beach, Ontario" (1993). Digitized Theses. Paper 2231. |
| Van King |
| KLEIN, C. (1966): Mineralogy and petrology of the metamorphosed Wabush iron formation, southwest Labrador. Journal of Petrology 7, 246-305. |
| Christian Bracke |
| Sabina (2003) 96. | |
| Badham, J. P. N. and Muda, M. M. Z, 1980, Mineralogy and Paragenesis of Hydrothermal Mineralizations in the East Arm of Great Slave Lake, Economic Geology, 75:1220-1238. |
| Reardon, N C (1992) Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 2507 |
| Acosta-Góngora, P., Gleeson, S. A., Samson, I. M., Ootes, L., & Corriveau, L. (2015). Gold Refining by Bismuth Melts in the Iron Oxide-Dominated NICO Au-Co-Bi (±Cu±W) Deposit, NWT, Canada. Economic Geology, 110(2), 291-314. |
| Geological Association of Canada (2014) Abstracts Fredericton Vol 37 | |
| Werner, A.B.T., Sinclair, W.D., and Amey, E.B. (1998): US Geological Survey Circular 930-O.; Mining Weekly 29 July 2008; Mesh Environmental (2008) Geochemical Characterization of the Cantung Mine Tailings, NWT. Project No. M018-001; LENTZ, C. and McFARLANE, C. (2014), Trace and Rare Earth Element Distribution in Scheelite from the Cantung Tungsten Bearing Skarn Deposit, N.W.T. Canada: a Geometallurgical Analysis with Evidence from SEM and LA ICP-MS Analysis. Acta Geologica Sinica, 88: 441–442. |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| Ann P. Sabina, "Rocks and Minerals for the Collector: Bay of Fundy Area", Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 64-10, 1964. |
| Groat L, Brand A, Cempirek J, Kleespies P (2014) Emerald mineralization at the Anuri prospect, Nunavut, Canada. 21 st meeting of the International Mineralogical Association. p 284 |
| Jiricka, D. L. (2013) Independent Technical Report on the Nueltin Lake Project, Nunavut |
| Meinert, 1992. Skarns & Skarn Deposits; Econ Geol (1997) 92:181-209 | |
| Hicken, A.K., McClenaghan, M.B., Layton-Matthews, D., Paulen, R.C., Averill, S.A. and Crabtree, D. (2013) Indicator mineral signatures of the Izok Lake Zn-Cu-Pb-Agvolcanogenic |
| Sage (1988) Ont. Geol. Survey Study 47. |
| www.venuewest.com/8IKC/s1post.htm. | |
| Ann Sabina (1986) Rocks and Minerals for the Collector: Bancroft - Parry Sound Area | |
| MDI Number: MDI42A10SE00056 |
| MDI Number: MDI42A09SW00154 |
| Geological Survey of Canada Paper 73-13 |
| Econ Geol (1988) 83:1-17 |
| Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 2160 |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. | |
| Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Paper 41 |
| Sumnar Minerals | |
| Ann P.Sabina (1983), Rocks and Minerals for the Collector; Kingston,Ontario to Lac St.Jean, Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 32 | |
| Ann P.Sabina (1983), Rocks and Minerals for the Collector; Kingston,Ontario to Lac St.Jean, Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 32, p.21 |
| Elfric Drew Ingall (1901) Report on the iron ore deposits along the Kingston and Pembroke railway in Eastern Ontario.Geological Survey of Canada Part 1 Annual Report, Vol XII |
| Schroetter, Ralph. The Bancroft & Area Mineral Collectors Guide. Dyno Turn Actinolite. pg148, full edition. ; Ontario MDI Number: MDI31D16NE00051 |
| Schroetter, Ralph. The Bancroft & Area Mineral Collectors Guide. Page 172. |
| http://www.geologyontario.mndm.gov.on.ca/mndmfiles/mdi/data/records/MDI31E02NE00002.html |
| MDI Number: MDI31D15SW00043 |
| JGW http://www.mindat.org/photo-279900.html | |
| Maggie Wilson collected July 2008 |
| Christopher Fouts (1999) Report of Assessment Work Physical Assessment Geotechnical Assessment Mining claim: S.O. 1195060 SI/3, lot 31, con. XVII, Monmouth Township, Haliburton County | |
| various added photos | |
| http://www.geologyontario.mndm.gov.on.ca/mndmfiles/mdi/data/records/MDI31F04SE00151.html |
| Van King | |
| MSC Report 39 |
| Sabina, A. P. (1987) Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Hull-Maniwaki, Quebec; Ottawa-Peterborough, Ontario. Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 41. |
| Collection of Michael Adamowicz | |
| http://www.geologyontario.mndm.gov.on.ca/mndmfiles/MDI/data/records/MDI31F04SW00008.html |
| Bancroft Chamber of Commerce District Mineral Collecting Guidebook , page 31, Baptiste Lake North Occurrences, 2005 edition. |
| Jambor (1967a) Canadian Mineralogist 9, 7-24 |
| http://www.geologyontario.mndm.gov.on.ca/mndmfiles/MDI/data/records/MDI31C11SW00089.html |
| http://www.geologyontario.mndm.gov.on.ca/mndmfiles/MDI/data/records/MDI31C12SE00018.html | |
| Rochester Lapidary Society; "RockCollector" May-2006 |
| [Bancroft & District Mineral Collecting Guidebook] |
| Andrew Haighton Collection | |
| No reference listed |
| P Haas collection | |
| Andrew Haighton Collection |
| Identified by Mineral Associates Inc. |
| Econ Geol (1996) 91:302-321 |
| Dubé, B., Balmer, W., Sanborn-Barrie, M., Skulski, T. and Parker, J. 2000. A preliminary report on amphibolite-facies, disseminated-replacement-style mineralization at the Madsen gold mine, Red Lake, Ontario; in Current Research 2000-C17, Geological Survey of Canada, 12p. |
| Rocks & Minerals 79:2 pp94-99 |
| Brand, Allison A., Groat, Lee A., Linnen, Robert L., Garland, Mary I., Btraks, Frederick W., and Giuliani, Gaston, 2009, Emerald Lake Mineralization Associated with the Mavis Lake Pegmatite Group, near Dryden, Ontario, Canadian Mineralogist, v 47, p. 315-336. |
| Ann P.Sabina (1991), Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Sudbury to Winnipeg. GSC Misc. Report 49. p.181 |
| Can Mineral 1984 22: 3-11 |
| Marsden, S. (2012). GEOLOGY, HYDROTHERMAL ALTERATION AND MINERALIZATION OF THE GOLD EAGLE DEPOSIT: A NEW DISCOVERY IN THE RED LAKE CAMP, CANADA. MS Thesis Queens University, Kingston Ontario |
| Ontario Ministry of Northern Development and Mines MDI Number: MDI53C13SE00078 |
| Kinross Gold Corporation, Technical Report (2003) |
| Sage (1988) OGS Study 49 |
| Sage (1988) Am. Min. 59, 820 | |
| MDI Number: MDI31F02NE00012 |
| Elfric Drew Ingall (1901) Report on the iron ore deposits along the Kingston and Pembroke railway in Eastern Ontario. Geological Survey of Canada Part 1 Annual Report, Vol XII; MDI Number: MDI31F02NE00012 | |
| Map (T) 31 C/16 Perth (G) 1089A Perth, Lanark and Leeds Counties, Geological Survey of Ontario; Sabina, A.P. (1983) Rocks & minerals for the collector: Kingston Ontario to Lac Saint-Jean, Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 32, 25. |
| |
| Ontario Ministry of Northern Development and Mines MDI Number: MDI31C05NW00026 |
| Bill Morgenstern - collected location |
| Neil T. Pettigrew, K´eiko H. Hattori (2006) The Quetico Intrusions of Western Superior Province: Neo-Archean examples of Alaskan/Ural-type mafic–ultramafic intrusions. Precambrian Research 149:21–42; N. T. Pettigrew, K. H. Hattori, and J. A. Percival. (2000) Samuels Lake intrusion: a Late Archean Cu-Ni-PGE-bearing mafic-ultramafic complex in the western Quetico Subprovince, northwestern Ontario. GSC Current Research 2000 C20 | |
| Bill Morgenstern |
| Sabina, A. P. (2007) Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Ottawa to North Bay and Huntsville, Ontario; Gatineau (Hull) to Waltham and Témiscaming, Quebec. Geological Survey of Canada, Miscellaneous Report 48, 249p. |
| Ann P.Sabina (2007), Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Ottawa to North Bay and Huntsville, Ontario; Gatineau (Hull) to Waltham and Temiscaming, Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 48 |
| http://www.geologyontario.mndm.gov.on.ca/mndmfiles/MDI/data/records/MDI31F07NE00018.html |
| Reiner Mielke |
| MDI Number: MDI31F03NW00061 | |
| Andrew Haighton Collection |
| Sabina, A. P. (2007) Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Ottawa to North Bay and Huntsville, Ontario; Gatineau (Hull) to Waltham and Témiscaming, Quebec. Geological Survey of Canada, Miscellaneous Report 48, 249p. |
| ontariominerals.com |
| Ann P.Sabina 1991, Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Sudbury to Winnipeg. GSC Misc. Report 49. |
| Ontario Division of Mines, Map 2311, Merrit and Foster Townships Sudbury District 1974 |
| Werner, A.B.T., Sinclair, W.D., and Amey, E.B. (1998): US Geological Survey Circular 930-O. | |
| Meyn, H. D.(1970): Geology of Hutton and Parkin Townships; Ontario Department of Mines. Geological Report 80, 43-51. |
| McCormick, K.A. and McDonald, A. (1999) Chlorine-bearing amphiboles from the Fraser mine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada: Description and crystal chemistry. Canadian Mineralogist, 37, 1385-1403. |
| Sarah A. S. Dare, Sarah-Jane Barnes, Hazel M. Prichard und Peter C. Fisher (2011): Chalcophile and platinum-group element (PGE) concentrations in the sulfide minerals from the McCreedy East deposit, Sudbury, Canada, and the origin of PGE in pyrite. Mineralium Deposita 46, 381-407. | |
| Nelles, E. W. (2014). Genesis of Cu-PGE-rich footwall-type mineralization in the Morrison deposit, Sudbury (Masters thesis, Laurentian University of Sudbury). | |
| Econ Geol (1992) 87:1584-1598; C. Li and A. J. Naldrett (1993) High chlorine alteration minerals and calcium-rich brines in fluid inclusions from the Strathcona deep copper zone, Sudbury, Ontario. Economic Geology and the Bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists 88:1780-1796 | |
| Hawley, J.E. & Stanton, R.L. (1962): The Sudbury ores: their mineralogy and origin. Part II. The facts: The ores, their minerals, metals and distribution, Canadian Mineralogist 7, 30-145. |
| Economic Geology 103 (2008) 1005-1028.; Ames, D. E., McClenaghan, M. B., Averill, S., & Milkereit, B. (2007). Footwall-hosted Cu-PGE (Au, Ag), Sudbury Canada: towards a new exploration vector. Exploration 07, Exploration in the New Millennium, 1013-1017. |
| Harris (1989); Yuanming Pan and Michael E. Fleet (1992) Calc-silicate alteration in the Hemlo gold deposit, Ontario; mineral assemblages, P-T-X constraints, and significance. Economic Geology and the Bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists, 87:1104-1120 |
| Econ Geol (1994) 89:720-756; Franklin, J M, Schnieders, B R, Koopman, E R (1991) Mineral Deposits in the western Superior Province, Ontario (Field Trip 9) Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 2164 | |
| Yuanming Pan and Michael E. Fleet (1989)Cr-rich calc-silicates from the Hemlo area, Ontario. The Canadian Mineralogist, 27:565-577 | |
| Currie (1980) | |
| Mcdonald, A.M., Cabri, L.J., Stanley, C.J., Good, D.J., Redpath, J., Lane, G., Spratt, J. & Ames, D.E. (2015) Coldwellite, Pd3Ag2S, a new mineral species from the Marathon deposit, Coldwell complex, Ontario, Canada. Canadian Mineralogist 53, 1-13. | |
| Canadian Mineralogist 31, 695; Pan, Y., Fleet, M. E., Barnett, R. L., & Chen, Y. (1993). Pyrosmalite in Canadian Precambrian sulfide deposits; mineral chemistry, petrogenesis and significance. The Canadian Mineralogist, 31(3), 695-710. |
| Canadian Mineralogist 31, 695; Pan, Y., Fleet, M. E., Barnett, R. L., & Chen, Y. (1993). Pyrosmalite in Canadian Precambrian sulfide deposits; mineral chemistry, petrogenesis and significance. The Canadian Mineralogist, 31(3), 695-710. | |
| Econ Geol. (1995) 90:255-270 |
| Economic Geology 2005 100: 43-61; Canadian Mineralogist, Vol.22, pp. 125-136 (1984); John G. Hinchey & Keiko H. Hattori (2005) Magmatic mineralization and hydrothermal enrichment of the High Grade Zone at the Lac des Iles palladium mine, northern Ontario, Canada. Mineralium Deposita 40:13–23 | |
| N.T. Pettigrew and K.H. Hattori, 2001, Explor. Mining Geol. , Vol. 10, N° 1-2, pp. 35-49. | |
| Rinne, M., & Hollings, P. (2013). The Characteristics and Origin of the Big Lake Mafic-Ultramafic-Hosted Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide Occurrence, Marathon, Ontario, Canada. Economic Geology, 108(4), 719-738. |
| Canadian Mineralogist 30, 121 |
| Wilson, G., & Harper, G. (2013). Nipigon Reefs Project: A New Look at the PGE-bearing Seagull Mafic-Ultramafic Complex. Field Guide to the Copper-Nickel-Platinum Group Element Deposits of the Lake Superior Region, Precambrian Research Center Guidebook, 13-01. |
| Mulja, T. & Mitchell, R.H. (1990) Platinum-group minerals and tellurides from the Geordi Lake intrusion, Coldwell complex, Northwestern Ontario. Canadian Mineralogist 28, 489-501.; Geological Association of Canada (2014) Abstracts Fredericton Vol 37 |
| The Canadian Mining and Metallurgical Bull., Feb 1966. |
| Econ Geol (1993) 88:817-836 | |
| Marshall, D. D., Diamond, L. W., & Skippen, G. B. (1993). Silver transport and deposition at Cobalt, Ontario, Canada; fluid inclusion evidence. Economic Geology, 88(4), 837-854. |
| Ann P. Sabina (1974) Rocks and Minerals for the Collector: Cobalt-Belleferre-Timmins; Ontario and Quebec. Canadian Geological Survey Paper 73-13 | |
| Can Mineral December 1971 v. 11 no. 1 p. 286-288 |
| Ann P. Sabina (1974) Rocks and Minerals for the Collector: Cobalt-Belleferre-Timmins; Ontario and Quebec. Canadian Geological Survey Paper 73-13 |
| Hicks, K. D. (1990). Magmatic-hydrothermal and wall rock alteration at the Lake Shore gold deposit, Kirkland Lake, Ontario. University of Ottawa (Canada). MS Thesis University of Ottawa. |
| Reiner Mieklke |
| Reiner Mielke 2011 | |
| Ontario Mineral Deposits Inventory (MDI) |
| MDI Number: MDI31D10NW00038 |
| Reiner Mielke | |
| Sabina (2003)126 |
| GSC Paper 73-30 Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Kirkland Lake- Noranda - Val d'Or; by Ann P. Sabina 1974 | |
| Sabina (2003) 186. |
| SABINA, A.P. (2003): Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Kirkland Lake - Rouyn-Noranda - Val d'Or, Ontario & Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 77, 162. | |
| Simard, M., Gaboury, D., Daigneault, R., & Mercier-Langevin, P. (2013). Multistage gold mineralization at the Lapa mine, Abitibi Subprovince: insights into auriferous hydrothermal and metasomatic processes in the Cadillac–Larder Lake Fault Zone. Mineralium Deposita, 48(7), 883-905. | |
| Sabina, A.P. (2003) Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Kirkland Lake - Rouyn-Noranda - Val d'Or, Ontario & Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 77, 308 p. | |
| Sabina (2003) 165 | |
| Galley, A.G., Jonasson, I.R., and Watkinson, D.H. (2000): Mineralium Deposita 35, 619-637. |
| SABINA, A.P. (2003): Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Kirkland Lake - Rouyn-Noranda - Val d'Or, Ontario & Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 77, 106. | |
| SABINA, A.P. (2003): Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Kirkland Lake - Rouyn-Noranda - Val d'Or, Ontario & Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 77, 74. | |
| SABINA, A.P. (2003): Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Kirkland Lake - Rouyn-Noranda - Val d'Or, Ontario & Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 77, 104-105. | |
| Boucher, S. M. (2011). Ore petrology and alteration of the West Ansil volcanic-hosted Massive sulphide deposit of the Noranda mining camp, Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec. University of Ottawa (Canada). | |
| 33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Crerarite a Pt-Bi-S mineral: A new occurrence and re-investigation of its chemical formula and crystal structure; Am Min (1995) 80:845-850 |
| Canadian Museum of Nature & Horvath collections |
| HORVÁTH, L., PFENNINGER-HORVÁTH, E. (2006) Brookite et anatase à Saint-Pierre-de-Broughton, Québec, Canada: Une minéralisation de type “fentes alpines.” Le Règne Minéral, No.71, 28-42 (in French). |
| Mineralogical Record 20, 393 |
| Grice, J.D. and Williams, R. (1979): Famous mineral localities: The Jeffrey Mine, Asbestos, Québec. Mineralogical Record, 10(2):69-80 |
| Trottier, J., Brown,A.C. & Authier, M.G. (1991) An Ordovician rift environment for the Memphremagog polymetallic massive sulphide deposit, Appalachian Ophiolite Belt, Quebec. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 28, 1887-1904. |
| Allcock, J.B. (1982) Skarn and porphyry copper mineralization at Mines Gaspé, Murdochville, Quebec. Economic Geology, 77:4, 971-999. |
| Econ Geol (1989) 84:1507-1514 |
| - Sabina, A.P. (1986) Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Buckingham - Mont-Laurier - Grenville, Quebec Hawkesbury - Ottawa, Ontario. GSC Misc. Report 33 |
| Kerry Day | |
| Donald Doell Mineral Collection |
| Sabina, A.P. (1983) Rocks & minerals for the collector: Kingston Ontario to Lac Saint-Jean, Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 32, 74-75. |
| Horváth, L and Gault, R.A. (1990), The mineralogy of Mont Saint-Hilaire Quebec. Mineralogical Record: 21: 284-359. |
| Sabina (1983) |
| Gaboury, D., Daigneault, R., and Beaudoin, G. (2000): Mineralium Deposita 35, 21-36. |
| Bynoe, L. (1987). Shear zone influence on the emplacement of a giant pegmatite: The Whabouchi Lithium Pegmatite, Quebec, Canada (Doctoral dissertation, The University of Western Ontario). | |
| McMillan, R. H. (1973). Petrology, Geochemistry And Wallrock Alteration At Opemiska--a Vein Copper Deposit Crosscutting A Layered Archean Ultramafic-mafic Sill. PhD Thesis University of Western Ontario. | |
| Côté-Mantha, O., Daigneault, R., Gaboury, D., Chartrand, F., & Pilote, P. (2012). Geology, Alteration, and Origin of Archean Au-Ag-Cu Mineralization Associated with the Synvolcanic Chibougamau Pluton: The Brosman Prospect, Abitibi Greenstone Belt, Canada. Economic Geology, 107(5), 909-934. | |
| Sabiba (2003) 143.; Canadian Mineralogist 31, 695; Pan, Y., Fleet, M. E., Barnett, R. L., & Chen, Y. (1993). Pyrosmalite in Canadian Precambrian sulfide deposits; mineral chemistry, petrogenesis and significance. The Canadian Mineralogist, 31(3), 695-710. |
| W. W. Moorhouse and N. Shepherd (1963): Hypersthene and cummingtonite from Payne Bay, New Quebec. Can. Mineral. 7, 527-532 |
| Econ Geol. (1995) 90:255-270 |
| Econ Geol (1986) 81:1147-1158 |
| Charlie L. Seabrook, Hazel M. Prichard and Peter C. Fisher (2004) Platinum-group minerals in the Raglan Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide deposit, Cape Smith, Quebec, Canada (in Platinum-group elements; petrology, geochemistry, mineralogy) The Canadian Mineralogist 42:485-497 | |
| GSC Miscellaneous Report 41 - Sabina |
| SABINA, A.P. (1987) Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Hull-Maniwaki, Quebec, Ottawa-Peterborough, Ontario. GSC Misc. Report 41, 12. | |
| A. Sabina ( 1987) Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Geological Survey of Canada, Miscellaneous Report, p.8 | |
| SABINA, A.P. (1987) Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Hull-Maniwaki, Quebec, Ottawa-Peterborough, Ontario. GSC Misc. Report 41, 7. | |
| Sabina, A.P. (1987), Rocks And Minerals For The Collector. Hull-Maniwaki,Quebec, Ottawa-Peterborough, Ontario, Geological Survey of Canada, Miscellaneous Report 41:15-16 |
| Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 41 |
| SABINA, A.P. (1987) Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Hull-Maniwaki, Quebec, Ottawa-Peterborough, Ontario. GSC Misc. Report 41, 37-38. |
| Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 41. |
| M A G Lafontaine (1979) Uranium-Thorium Deposite at the Yates Mine, Huddersfield Township, Quebec. MSc thesis, University of Ottawa. |
| Thomson, M. L., Fleet, M. E., & Barnett, R. L. (1981). Amphiboles from the Renzy Lake ultramafic complex, southwestern Quebec. Can Mineral, 19, 469-477. | |
| Sabina, A.P. (1972) Rocks & minerals for the collector: La Ronge - Creighton, Saskatchewan, Flin Flon, Thompson, Manitoba. GSC paper 71-27, 65. |
| Steadman, J. A., & Spry, P. G. (2015). Metamorphosed Proterozoic Zn-Pb-Ag Mineralization in the Foster River Area, Northern Saskatchewan, Canada. Economic Geology, 110(5), 1193-1214. | |
| Sabina, A.P. (1972) Rocks & minerals for the collector: La Ronge - Creighton, Saskatchewan, Flin Flon, Thompson, Manitoba. GSC paper 71-27, 65. |
| Gleeson, C. F. ( 1970) Heavy Mineral Studies In The Klondike Area, Yukon Territory. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 173. |
| Traill, R. J., 1970, A Catalogue of Canadian Minerals | |
| Traill, R. J., 1970, A Catalogue of Canadian Minerals |
| Werner, A.B.T., Sinclair, W.D., and Amey, E.B. (1998): US Geological Survey Circular 930-O. |
| Hunt, J., Baker, T., and Thorkelson, D. (2005): Mineralium Deposita 40, 492-514. |
| Sabina, A.P. (1972) Rocks & minerals for the collector: The Alaska Highway, Dawson Creek, British Columbia to Yukon/Alaska border. GSC paper 72-32, 65. |
| Yukon Minfile 105A 012 |
| L. A. Dick and G. W. Robinson (1979) Chlorine-bearing potassian hastingsite from a sphalerite skarn in southern Yukon. Can Mineral 17:25-26 |
| Héon, D. (2004) The Whitehorse Copper Belt, Yukon. Yukon Geological Survey, Open File, 15. |
| Héon, D. (2004). The Whitehorse Copper Belt, Yukon. An Annotated Geology Map. Yukon Geological Survey, Open File, 15; Tenney, D., 1994. The Whitehorse Copper Belt: Mining, Exploration and Geology (1967-1980). Geology Section, Yukon Region, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Bulletin 1, 29 p. |
| Héon, D. (2004). The Whitehorse Copper Belt, Yukon. An Annotated Geology Map. Yukon Geological Survey, Open File, 15.; Tenney, D., 1994. The Whitehorse Copper Belt: Mining, Exploration and Geology (1967-1980). Geology Section, Yukon Region, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Bulletin 1, 29 p. | |
| Tenney, D., 1994. The Whitehorse Copper Belt: Mining, Exploration and Geology (1967-1980). Geology Section, Yukon Region, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Bulletin 1, 29 p. | |
Chad | |
| Rigobert, T., Claude, D. J., Marambaye, D., & Yannick, B. (2013). On the occurrence of gold mineralization in the Pala Neoproterozoic formations, South-Western Chad. Journal of African Earth Sciences. Volume 84, August 2013, Pages 36–46 |
Chile | |
| Maksaev, V., Townley, B., Palacios, C., and Camus, F. (2007): Metallic ore deposits. In: Moreno, T., and Gibbons, W. (editors): The Geology of Chile. The Geological Society (London), pp. 414. |
| Oliveros, V., Tristá-Aguilera, D., Féraud, G., Morata, D., Aguirre, L., Kojima, S., and Ferraris, F. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 61-78. |
| Maksaev, V., Townley, B., Palacios, C., and Camus, F. (2007): Metallic ore deposits. In: Moreno, T., and Gibbons, W. (editors): The Geology of Chile. The Geological Society (London), pp. 414. |
| Tornos, F., Velasco, F, Barra, F. and Morata, D. (2010): The Tropezón Cu-Mo-(Au) deposit: the missing link between IOCG and porphyry copper systems? Mineralium Deposita 45, 313-321. | |
| Maksaev, V., Townley, B., Palacios, C., and Camus, F. (2007): Metallic ore deposits. In: Moreno, T., and Gibbons, W. (editors): The Geology of Chile. The Geological Society (London), pp. 414. |
| C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988): "Yacimientos metalíferos de Chile": Fondecyt, Stgo de Chile. | |
| Maksaev, V., Townley, B., Palacios, C., and Camus, F. (2007): Metallic ore deposits. In: Moreno, T., and Gibbons, W. (editors): The Geology of Chile. The Geological Society (London), pp. 414. |
| Kampf, A. R., Mills, S. J., Nash, B. P., Housley, R. M., Rossman, G. R., Dini, M. and Gatta G.D. (2013): Camaronesite, [Fe3+(H2O)2(PO3OH)]2(SO4)•1–2H2O, a new phosphate-sulfate from the Camarones Valley, Chile, structurally related to taranakite. Mineralogical Magazine 77, 453-465. |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| Daroch, G. and Barton, M.D. (2011) Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization in Santo Domingo Sur Iron Oxide (-Cu-Au) Deposit, Atacama Region, Chile. In: Barra, F., Reich, M., Campos, E., and Tornos, F., editors, Proceedings of the 11th Biennial Meeting, Society for Geology Applied to Ore Deposits, p. 488-490. | |
| Sernageomin database 2006;Stgo de Chile |
| Richard H. Sillitoe, Justin Tolman and Glen Van Kerkvoort (2013): Geology of the Caspiche Porphyry Gold-Copper Deposit, Maricunga Belt, Northern Chile. Economic Geology, 108, 585-604. |
| Cook, R B. (1979): Famous mineral localities; Chanarcillo, Chile. Mineralogical Record. 10, 197-204. | |
| Sernageomin database 2007;Stgo de Chile |
| Maksaev, V., Townley, B., Palacios, C., and Camus, F. (2007): Metallic ore deposits. In: Moreno, T., and Gibbons, W. (editors): The Geology of Chile. The Geological Society (London), pp. 414. |
| samples analysed by Gerhard Mohn and Joy Desor |
| Maksaev, V., Townley, B., Palacios, C., and Camus, F. (2007): Metallic ore deposits. In: Moreno, T., and Gibbons, W. (editors): The Geology of Chile. The Geological Society (London), pp. 414. |
| C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988): "Yacimientos metalíferos de Chile": Fondecyt, Stgo de Chile. |
| C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988): "Yacimientos metalíferos de Chile": Fondecyt, Stgo de Chile. |
| C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988): "Yacimientos metalíferos de Chile": Fondecyt, Stgo de Chile. | |
| C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988): "Yacimientos metalíferos de Chile": Fondecyt, Stgo de Chile. | |
| C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988): "Yacimientos metalíferos de Chile": Fondecyt, Stgo de Chile. | |
| C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988): "Yacimientos metalíferos de Chile": Fondecyt, Stgo de Chile. | |
| C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988): "Yacimientos metalíferos de Chile": Fondecyt, Stgo de Chile. | |
| Maksaev, V., Townley, B., Palacios, C., and Camus, F. (2007): Metallic ore deposits. In: Moreno, T., and Gibbons, W. (editors): The Geology of Chile. The Geological Society (London), pp. 414. |
| British Natural History Museum online catalogue 2007 |
| Maksaev, V., Townley, B., Palacios, C., and Camus, F. (2007): Metallic ore deposits. In: Moreno, T., and Gibbons, W. (editors): The Geology of Chile. The Geological Society (London), pp. 414. |
| Econ Geol (1995) 90:438-444 | |
| Sugaki, A., Campos, E. & Kojima, S. (2000): Mineralogy of the Panulcillo skarn copper deposit, Coquimbo region, Chile. Revista Geologica de Chile 27, 139-155. |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| Maksaev, V., Townley, B., Palacios, C., and Camus, F. (2007): Metallic ore deposits. In: Moreno, T., and Gibbons, W. (editors): The Geology of Chile. The Geological Society (London), pp. 414. |
| YAMANA GOLD INC. ANNUAL INFORMATION FORM FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008 |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| http://www.portergeo.com.au/database/mineinfo.asp?mineid=mn609#browse (accessed 01/19/2018) |
China | |
| Wenya Zhou and Deming Xu (1990): Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica 9(1), 69-77 |
| Xuncheng Wang and Yucai Zhou (1995): Geology and Prospecting 31(3), 9, 16-23; Taofa Zhou,Feng Yuan, Shucang Yue, Xiaodong Liu, and Yong Zhao (2002): Mineral Deposits 21(1), 1-8; Zhao Bin, Zhao Jinsong, Li Zhaolin, Zhang Zhongze, and Peng Zhuolun (2003): Science in China, Series D (Earth Sciences), 46(5), 481-497; Zhenhua Zhou, Hongwei Liu, Guoxiong Chang, Linsu Li, Tao Li, Yongjun Yang, Ruijun Zhang, and Xianhe Ji (2011): Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica 30(1), 97-112 |
| Xikun Chen (1987): Mineral Deposits 6(4), 43-52; Taofa Zhou, Feng Yuan, Shucang Yue, Xiaodong Liu, Xin Zhang, and Yu Fan (2007): Ore Geology Reviews 31, 279-303 | |
| Taofa Zhou, Feng Yuan, Shucang Yue, Xiaodong Liu, Xin Zhang, and Yu Fan (2007): Ore Geology Reviews 31, 279-303. | |
| Hengcheng Xu (1993): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 8(1), 11-27 |
| Ruqing Ji, Wenya Zhou, and Shilan Zhang (1987): Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica 6(1), 64-71; Zhaowen Xu, Wenyi Xu, Jiansheng Qiu, Bin Fu, and Cuiyi Niu (2000): Geology and Prospecting 36(4), 36-40 |
| Jinjie Yu, Jingwen Mao, and Changqing Zhang (2008): Progress in Natural Science 18, 167-172. | |
| Xin Xiong, Wenyi Xu, Liqiong Jia, Qingtian Lü, and Jun Li (2013): Mineral Deposits 32(6), 1211-1220 |
| Huaidong Zhang, Bohua Wang, Yuejin Hao, Song Cheng, and Bing Xiang (2012): Mineral Deposits 31(1), 41-51 |
| Jinjie Yu, Jingwen Mao, and Changqing Zhang (2008): Progress in Natural Science 18, 167-172. |
| Jinjie Yu, Jingwen Mao, and Changqing Zhang (2008): Progress in Natural Science 18, 167-172. | |
| Zhangru Zhu (1993): Geology and Prospecting 29(4), 13-18; Yue Wang, Xiangkun Zhu, Jingwen Mao, and Yanbo Cheng (2014): Mineral Deposits 33(4), 689-696 |
| Zhangang Li (1992): Geology and Prospecting 28(5), 1-5, 30 | |
| Deyin Yue (1995): Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica 14(1) | |
| Yushen Zhao (1993): Geology and Prospecting 29(12), 6-12; Yuanming Pan and Ping Dong (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15, 177-242; Jixi Xiang and Ruqing Ji (1980): Geology and Prospecting 16(2), 8-18 |
| Hong Wan (1984): Geology and Prospecting 20(11), 20-24 | |
| Wenxuan Hu (1990): Mineral Deposits 9(4), 375-382 | |
| Jianqing Lai, Guoxiang Chi, Shenglin Peng, Bin Yang, and Yongjun Shao (2006): Mineral Deposits 25(suppl.), 171-174 |
| Chaoyang Que, Ganguo Wu, Da Zhang, Zhihui Zhang, Yongjun Di, Hongwei Fang, and Qin Yuan (2013): Mineral Deposits 32(6), 1221-1235 | |
| Yiming Zhao, Yinan Zhang, and Chengsi Bi (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 14, 227-249. |
| Shihong Tian, Tiping Ding, Zhusen Yang, Yifeng Meng, Pusheng Zeng, Yanbin Wang, Xuncheng Wang, and Zhangping Jiang (2004): Mineral Deposits 23(3), 365-374; Geng Gao, Zhaowen Xu, Xiaonan Yang, Guiping Nie, Shipeng Zhu, Yunjian Wang, and Jun Zhang (2006): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 21(3), 162-167; Jianzhong Wang, Jianwei Li, Xinfu Zhao, Changqian Ma, Wenjun Qu, and Andao Du (2008): International Geology Review 50(4), 392-406 | |
| Bangguo Chen, Jinghua Liu, Zhaowen Xu, Xiaonan Yang, and Haiyong Li (2007): Jiangsu Geology 31(3), 206-211 | |
| Yuanming Pan and Ping Dong (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15, 177-242.; Zhongfa Liu, Yongjun Shao, Xin Zhou, Yu Zhang, and Guibin Zhou (2014): Acta Petrologica Sinica 30(1), 199-208 | |
| Xiao Xinjian, Gu Lianxing, and Ni Pei (2002): Science in China Series D 45(1), 34-44. |
| Xuxin Zhou (2002): Geology and Prospecting 38(1), 31-34 | |
| Yiming Zhao, Yinan Zhang, and Chengsi Bi (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 14, 227-249. |
| Yuanming Pan and Ping Dong (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15, 177-242. | |
| Yuanming Pan and Ping Dong (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15, 177-242. | |
| Yuanming Pan and Ping Dong (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15, 177-242. |
| Hengcheng Xu (1993): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 8(1), 11-27; Xu, G. and Lin, X. (2000): Ore Geology Reviews 16(1), 91-106 |
| Yi Cao, Yangsong Du, Fuping Gao, Lifang Hu, Fengpei Xin, and Zhenshan Pang (2012): Ore Geology Reviews 48, 225-238 | |
| Yuanming Pan and Ping Dong (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15, 177-242. |
| Yanhe Cui, Shaomei Qi, Mingsheng Peng, and Bin Shi (1994): Mineral Deposits 13(3), 261-270 |
| http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of03-220/DATABASE/lode_deposits.txt |
| Henian Huang (2005): Coal Geology of China 17(suppl.), 59-61 |
| Guangwu Mao, Yulin Zhu, and Mingan Hu (2013): Geology and Exploration 49(1), 130-143 |
| Yiming Zhao and Daxin Li (2003): Mineral Deposits 22(4), 345-359 |
| Yiming Zhao and Daxin Li (2003): Mineral Deposits 22(4), 345-359 | |
| Feng Chengyou, Zhang Dequan, She Hongquan, Li Daxin, and Wu Jianshe (2005), In: Jingwen Mao and Bierlein, F.P., Eds.: Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge. Proceedings of the Eighth Biennial SGA Meeting, Beijing, China, 18-21 August 2005, 607-610; Yongjun Di, Ganguo Wu, Da Zhang, Xinqi Yu, Dongyan Lin, Jianji Shi, Wenshuan Zang, Xiangxin Zhang, and Qunfeng Wang (2006): Mineral Deposits 25(2), 123-134 |
| Huadong Liu (2008): Jiangxi Nonferrous Metals 22(1), 11-15 |
| Hongchang Li, Guangli Tang, Xieming Li, Shunquan Yang, and Jinchang Deng (1987): Geology and Prospecting 23(11), 6-15; Yongjun Di, Ganguo Wu, Da Zhang, Xinqi Yu, Dongyan Lin, Jianji Shi, Wenshuan Zang, Xiangxin Zhang, and Qunfeng Wang (2006): Mineral Deposits 25(2), 123-134 | |
| Naizhong Liu (2012): Geology and Exploration 48(3), 570-579 |
| Yongjun Di, Ganguo Wu, Da Zhang, Xinqi Yu, Dongyan Lin, Jianji Shi, Wenshuan Zang, Xiangxin Zhang, and Qunfeng Wang (2006): Mineral Deposits 25(2), 123-134 |
| Hongchang Li, Guangli Tang, Xieming Li, Shunquan Yang, and Jinchang Deng (1987): Geology and Prospecting 23(11), 6-15 |
| Chun Ma (2002): Geology of Fujian 21(1), 21-26 |
| Xiaoming Peng (2008): Resources & Industries 10(6), 119-124 |
| Bing Zhou and Lianxing Gu (1999): Mineral Deposits 18(2), 99-109; Feng Chengyou, Zhang Dequan, She Hongquan, Li Daxin, and Wu Jianshe (2005), In: Jingwen Mao and Bierlein, F.P., Eds.: Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge. Proceedings of the Eighth Biennial SGA Meeting, Beijing, China, 18-21 August 2005, 607-610; Yongjun Di, Ganguo Wu, Da Zhang, Xinqi Yu, Dongyan Lin, Jianji Shi, Wenshuan Zang, Xiangxin Zhang, and Qunfeng Wang (2006): Mineral Deposits 25(2), 123-134; Defeng Shi, Shugen Zhang, and Shili Han (2012): Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica 31(2), 243-251; Defeng Shi, Shugen Zhang, Shili Han, and Zhongfa Xu (2013): Mineral Deposits 32(5), 1003-1010 |
| Jianshe Wu and Rensheng Huan (2001): Chinese Geology 28(12), 13-18; Feng Chengyou, Zhang Dequan, She Hongquan, Li Daxin, and Wu Jianshe (2005), In: Jingwen Mao and Bierlein, F.P., Eds.: Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge. Proceedings of the Eighth Biennial SGA Meeting, Beijing, China, 18-21 August 2005, 607-610. | |
| Zhouping Guo, Wenyuan Li, Qunzi Jia, Zhongbao Song, and Yongbao Gao (2010): Geology and Exploration 46(1), 76-84 |
| Rongfu Jiang (2003): Geology and Prospecting 39(5), 35-38 |
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| Laigeng Yang (1989): Geology and Prospecting 25(6), 9-13 | |
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Otjiwarongo District, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia