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Halotrichite

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Halotrichite

Almería, Andalusia, Spain
Halotrichite

Faraglione Ranni, Faraglioni di Levante, Porto Levante, Vulcano Island, Lipari, Eolie Islands, Messina Province, Sicily, Italy
Halotrichite

Slag localities, Waitschach, Hüttenberg, Friesach - Hüttenberg area, Carinthia, Austria
Halotrichite

Almería, Andalusia, Spain
Halotrichite

Faraglione Ranni, Faraglioni di Levante, Porto Levante, Vulcano Island, Lipari, Eolie Islands, Messina Province, Sicily, Italy
Halotrichite

Slag localities, Waitschach, Hüttenberg, Friesach - Hüttenberg area, Carinthia, Austria
Halotrichite

Almería, Andalusia, Spain
Halotrichite

Faraglione Ranni, Faraglioni di Levante, Porto Levante, Vulcano Island, Lipari, Eolie Islands, Messina Province, Sicily, Italy
Formula:
Fe2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
System:
Monoclinic
Colour:
Colourless to white, ...
Lustre:
Silky
Hardness:
1½ - 2
Name:
Named in 1839 by Ernst Friedrich Glocker from the Greek αλζ meaning salt and τρικοζ meaning hair. Latin form is "halotrichum," which in turn is from the older German name "Haarsalz" (hair salt).
Halotrichite Group; Halotrichite-Pickeringite Series.
Fe(II) analogue of Pickeringite.

At least a partial series extends toward Apjohnite.



Classification of Halotrichite

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Strunz 8th ed.:
6/C.12-20
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:
7.CB.85

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations
Dana 8th ed.:
29.7.3.2

29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
7 : AB2(XO4)4·H2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:
25.11.26

25 : Sulphates
11 : Sulphates of Fe and other metals

Physical Properties of Halotrichite

Lustre:
Silky
Diaphaneity (Transparency):
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Colourless to white, yellowish, greenish; colourless in transmitted light.
Streak:
White
Hardness (Mohs):
1½ - 2
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Poor/Indistinct
On {010}, poor.
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
1.89 g/cm3 (Measured)    1.95 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
Pure end member values.

Optical Data of Halotrichite

Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.480 nβ = 1.486 nγ = 1.490
2V:
Measured: 35° , Calculated: 78°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.010
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
none

Chemical Properties of Halotrichite

IMA Formula:
Fe2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Elements listed in formula:
Al, Fe, H, O, S - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of Halotrichite

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2 - Sphenoidal
Space Group:
P2
Cell Parameters:
a = 20.51 Å, b = 24.29 Å, c = 6.18 Å
β = 100.99°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.844 : 1 : 0.254
Unit Cell Volume:
V 3,022.34 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:
Crystals acicular [001]; distinctly terminated crystals rare. Radial or matted aggregates of hair-like crystals; tufted; spheroidal; as incrustations or efflorescences; asbestiform. Larger crystals may be hollow or contain bubbles of liquid or gas.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
6.02 (35)
4.93 (21)
4.78 (100)
4.29 (31)
3.947 (21)
3.751 (27)
3.484 (75)

Relationship of Halotrichite to other Species

Series:
Forms a series with Pickeringite (see here)
Member of:
Halotrichite Group
Other Members of Group:
ApjohniteMn2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
BíliniteFe2+Fe23+(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Dietrichite(Zn,Fe2+,Mn2+)Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Redingtonite(Fe2+,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)2(SO4)4·22H2O
Wupatkiite(Co,Mg,Ni)Al2(SO4)4·22H2O
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
7.CB.05DwornikiteNiSO4 · H2O
7.CB.05GunningiteZnSO4 · H2O
7.CB.05KieseriteMgSO4 · H2O
7.CB.05PoiteviniteCuSO4 · H2O
7.CB.05SzmikiteMn2+SO4 · H2O
7.CB.05SzomolnokiteFe2+SO4 · H2O
7.CB.05CobaltkieseriteCoSO4 · H2O
7.CB.07SanderiteMgSO4 · 2H2O
7.CB.10BonattiteCuSO4 · 3H2O
7.CB.15AplowiteCoSO4 · 4H2O
7.CB.15BoyleiteZnSO4 · 4H2O
7.CB.15IlesiteMn2+SO4 · 4H2O
7.CB.15RozeniteFe2+SO4 · 4H2O
7.CB.15StarkeyiteMgSO4 · 4H2O
7.CB.15DrobeciteCdSO4 · 4H2O
7.CB.15CranswickiteMgSO4 · 4H2O
7.CB.20ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
7.CB.20JôkokuiteMn2+SO4 · 5H2O
7.CB.20PentahydriteMgSO4 · 5H2O
7.CB.20Siderotil(Fe,Cu)SO4 · 5H2O
7.CB.25BianchiteZnSO4 · 6H2O
7.CB.25ChvaleticeiteMnSO4 · 6H2O
7.CB.25FerrohexahydriteFe2+SO4 · 6H2O
7.CB.25HexahydriteMgSO4 · 6H2O
7.CB.25MoorhouseiteCoSO4 · 6H2O
7.CB.25NickelhexahydriteNiSO4 · 6H2O
7.CB.30RetgersiteNiSO4 · 6H2O
7.CB.35BieberiteCoSO4 · 7H2O
7.CB.35BoothiteCuSO4 · 7H2O
7.CB.35MallarditeMn 2+SO4 · 7H2O
7.CB.35MelanteriteFe2+SO4 · 7H2O
7.CB.35ZincmelanteriteZnSO4 · 7H2O
7.CB.35Alpersite(Mg,Cu2+)SO4 · 7H2O
7.CB.40EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
7.CB.40GoslariteZnSO4 · 7H2O
7.CB.40MorenositeNiSO4 · 7H2O
7.CB.45AlunogenAl2(SO4)3(H2O)12 · 5H2O
7.CB.45Meta-alunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 14H2O
7.CB.50AluminocoquimbiteAlFe(SO4)3 · 9H2O
7.CB.55CoquimbiteFe23+(SO4)3 · 9H2O
7.CB.55ParacoquimbiteFe23+(SO4)3 · 9H2O
7.CB.55Rhomboclase(H3O)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 3H2O
7.CB.60KorneliteFe23+(SO4)3 · 7H2O
7.CB.65QuenstedtiteFe23+(SO4)3 · 11H2O
7.CB.70LauseniteFe23+(SO4)3 · 5H2O
7.CB.75LishizheniteZnFe23+(SO4)4 · 14H2O
7.CB.75RömeriteFe2+Fe23+(SO4)4 · 14H2O
7.CB.80RansomiteCuFe23+(SO4)4 · 6H2O
7.CB.85ApjohniteMn2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
7.CB.85BíliniteFe2+Fe23+(SO4)4 · 22H2O
7.CB.85DietrichiteZnAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
7.CB.85PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
7.CB.85RedingtoniteFe2+Cr2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
7.CB.85WupatkiiteCoAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
7.CB.90MeridianiiteMgSO4 · 11H2O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
25.11.1NatrojarositeNaFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
25.11.2SideronatriteNa2Fe3+(SO4)2(OH) · 3H2O
25.11.3MetasideronatriteNa2Fe3+(SO4)2(OH) · H2O
25.11.4FerrinatriteNa3Fe3+(SO4)3 · 3H2O
25.11.5AmarilliteNaFe3+(SO4)2 · 6H2O
25.11.6YavapaiiteKFe3+(SO4)2
25.11.7KrausiteKFe3+(SO4)2 · H2O
25.11.8GoldichiteKFe3+(SO4)2 · 4H2O
25.11.9JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
25.11.10VoltaiteK2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
25.11.11UngemachiteK3Na8Fe3+(SO4)6(NO3)2 · 6H2O
25.11.12MetavoltineK2Na6Fe2+Fe63+O2(SO4)12 · 18H2O
25.11.13SabieiteNH4Fe3+(SO4)2
25.11.14AmmoniojarositeNH4Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
25.11.15Clairite(NH4)2Fe33+(SO4)4(OH)3 · 3H2O
25.11.16Mohrite(NH4)2Fe2+(SO4)2 · 6H2O
25.11.17LonecreekiteNH4Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O
25.11.18Godovikovite(NH4)Al(SO4)2
25.11.19BotryogenMgFe3+(SO4)2(OH) · 7H2O
25.11.21Slavíkite(H3O)31+Mg6Fe15(SO4)21(OH)18 · 98H2O
25.11.23SturmaniteCa6Fe23+(SO4)2.5[B(OH)4](OH)12 · 25H2O
25.11.24MillosevichiteAl2(SO4)3
25.11.25Aluminocopiapite(Al,Mg)Fe43+(SO4)6(OH,O)2 · 20H2O
25.11.27Idrizite(Mg,Fe)(Al,Fe)2(SO4)3(OH)2 · 15H2O or near
25.11.28LishizheniteZnFe23+(SO4)4 · 14H2O
25.11.29ZincovoltaiteK2Zn5Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O

Other Names for Halotrichite

Synonyms:

Butter-Rock

Feather Alum

Halotrichite (of Glocker)

Iron Alum

Mountain Butter

Name in Other Languages:
Italian:Halotrichine
Simplified Chinese:铁茂
Varieties:

Bergbutter

Masrite

Other Information

Other Information:
Completely soluble in water to an acid solution.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Halotrichite

Reference List:
Klaproth (1802) Beiträge zur Krystallographie und Mineralogie, Heidelberg: 3: 102 (as Federalaun vom Freyenwalde).

Glocker, E.F. (1839) Handbuch der Mineralogie, 2nd. edition, Nürnberg: 691 (as Halotrichit).

Forchhammer (1843) Jahresbericht über die Fortschritte der Chemie und Mineralogie, Tübingen: 23: 263 (as Hversalt).

Scacchi (1849) Mem. geol. camp. Nap.: 84 (as Halotrichine).

Uhlig (1912) Centralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Stuttgart: 723.

Larsen, E.S. (1921) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin 679: 41.

Schairer and Lawson (1926) American Journal of Science: 11: 301.

Doelter, C. (1927) Handbuch der Mineral-chemie: 4 [2]: 523, 545.

Vavrinecz (1929) Magyar Chemiai Folyóirat, Budapest: 35: 1.

Hintze, Carl (1930) Handbuch der Mineralogie. Berlin and Leipzig. 6 volumes: 1 [3B]: 4505, 4512.

Kokta (1930) Přiroda, Brno: 32: 381.

Rutherford (1932) American Mineralogist: 17: 401.

Tokody (1933) Földtani Közlöny, Budapest (Magyarhone Földtani Torsulat): 62: 187.

Lo Sardo (1937) Periodico de Mineralogia-Roma: 8: 281.

Meixner and Pillewizer (1937) Zbl. Min.: 263.

Bandy (1938) American Mineralogist: 23: 724.

Gordon (1942) Academy of Science Philadelphia, Not. Nat. no. 101.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951) The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 523-527.

Canadian Mineralogist (1978): 16: 17.

Mihajlovic, T., Karanovic, L., Dimitrijevic, R. (2002) The crystal structure of halotrichite (Fe2+Al2(SO4)4·22H2O) from the mercury mine Šuplja Stena on Mt. Avala, Serbia. Jahrestagung der DGK, Kiel, Germany, March 4-7, 2002; abstract.

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