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Hedenbergite

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Hedenbergite

Iron Cap Mine, Landsman Camp, Aravaipa, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA
Hedenbergite

Eas a Bradain, Luib, Isle of Skye, North West Highlands, Scotland, UK
Hedenbergite

Eas a Bradain, Luib, Isle of Skye, North West Highlands, Scotland, UK
Hedenbergite

Iron Cap Mine, Landsman Camp, Aravaipa, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA
Hedenbergite

Eas a Bradain, Luib, Isle of Skye, North West Highlands, Scotland, UK
Hedenbergite

Eas a Bradain, Luib, Isle of Skye, North West Highlands, Scotland, UK
Hedenbergite

Iron Cap Mine, Landsman Camp, Aravaipa, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA
Hedenbergite

Eas a Bradain, Luib, Isle of Skye, North West Highlands, Scotland, UK
Formula:
CaFe2+Si2O6
System:
Monoclinic
Colour:
brownish green, black
Lustre:
Vitreous, Dull
Hardness:
5½ - 6½
Name:
Named in 1819 by Jöns Jakob Berzelius in honor of Mr. Anders Ludvig (Ludwig) Hedenberg [1781 Sweden - 1809 Sweden], formerly a clerk associated with Mountain College, and later chemistry student and co-worker with Berzelius and who first found it at Mormorgruvan, Tunaberg, Sweden and published a description of the mineral. Later Berzelius (in 1819) named the mineral and described it. Hedenberg and Berzelius attempted to make compounds involving nitrogen and sulfur. {N.B. The first initial commonly attributed to Anders Ludvig Hedenberg's name signifies the title "Mister" and not to a given name.}
Pyroxene Group - Clinopyroxene Subgroup. See also the Hedenbergite-Johannsenite Series, Diopside-Hedenbergite Series, and the Hedenbergite-Petedunnite solid solution.


Classification of Hedenbergite

Hedenbergite and its relation to other pyroxenes (after Morimoto et al, 1989)

Previous petrological nomenclature of clinopyroxenes from basaltic magmas (after Poldervaart & Hess, 1951)

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Strunz 8th ed.:
8/F.01-60
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:
9.DA.15

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
A : Inosilicates with 2-periodic single chains, Si2O6; pyroxene family
Dana 8th ed.:
65.1.3a.2

65 : INOSILICATES Single-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=1)
1 : Single-Width Unbranched Chains, W=1 with chains P=2
Hey's CIM Ref.:
14.22.1

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
22 : Silicates of Fe and Ca

Physical Properties of Hedenbergite

Lustre:
Vitreous, Dull
Diaphaneity (Transparency):
Transparent, Opaque
Colour:
brownish green, black
Streak:
white, grey
Hardness (Mohs):
5½ - 6½
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Good on {110}
Parting:
{100}{010}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Conchoidal
Density:
3.56 g/cm3 (Measured)    3.65 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Hedenbergite

Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.699 - 1.739 nβ = 1.705 - 1.745 nγ = 1.728 - 1.757
2V:
Measured: 58° to 63°, Calculated: 56° to 72°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.029
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Dispersion:
r > v strong
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
X= pale green, bluish green
Y= green, bluish green
Z= green, yellow green

Chemical Properties of Hedenbergite

Formula:
CaFe2+Si2O6
Elements listed in formula:
Ca, Fe, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Mn,Zn,Ti,Al,Mg,Na,K

Crystallography of Hedenbergite

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/b
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.85 Å, b = 9.01 Å, c = 5.25 Å
β = 104.82°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.093 : 1 : 0.583
Unit Cell Volume:
V 450.43 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Short prismatic crystals, columnar or acicular aggregates, granular, lamellar, massive.
Twinning:
Simple and polysynthetic on {100} {010}
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Occurrences of Hedenbergite

Type Occurrence of Hedenbergite

Type Locality:
Mormorsgruvan, Tunaberg Cu-Co Ore Field, Tunaberg, Nyköping, Södermanland, Sweden

Relationship of Hedenbergite to other Species

Series:
Forms a series with Johannsenite (see here)
Forms a series with Diopside (see here)
Member of:
Clinopyroxene Subgroup > Pyroxene Group
Other Members of Group:
AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Aegirine-augite(Na,Ca)(Fe3+,Fe2+,Mg,Al)Si2O6
Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
ClinoenstatiteMgSiO3
ClinoferrosiliteFe2+SiO3
DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
EsseneiteCaFe3+[AlSiO6]
JadeiteNa(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6
Jervisite(Na,Ca,Fe2+)(Sc,Mg,Fe2+)Si2O6
JohannseniteCaMn2+Si2O6
KanoiteMn2+(Mg,Mn2+)Si2O6
KosmochlorNaCrSi2O6
KushiroiteCaAl[AlSiO6]
NamansiliteNaMn3+Si2O6
NatalyiteNaV3+Si2O6
Omphacite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Al)Si2O6
PetedunniteCa(Zn,Mn2+,Mg,Fe2+)Si2O6
Pigeonite(Mg,Fe2+,Ca)(Mg,Fe2+)Si2O6
SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
9.DA.05Donpeacorite(Mn2+,Mg)Mg[SiO3]2
9.DA.05EnstatiteMgSiO3
9.DA.05FerrosiliteFeSiO3
9.DA.10ClinoenstatiteMgSiO3
9.DA.10ClinoferrosiliteFe2+SiO3
9.DA.10KanoiteMn2+(Mg,Mn2+)Si2O6
9.DA.10Pigeonite(Mg,Fe2+,Ca)(Mg,Fe2+)Si2O6
9.DA.15Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
9.DA.15DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
9.DA.15EsseneiteCaFe3+[AlSiO6]
9.DA.15JohannseniteCaMn2+Si2O6
9.DA.15PetedunniteCa(Zn,Mn2+,Mg,Fe2+)Si2O6
9.DA.15DavisiteCaScAlSiO6
9.DA.15KushiroiteCaAl[AlSiO6]
9.DA.15GrossmaniteCaTi3+ AlSiO6
9.DA.20Aegirine-augite(Na,Ca)(Fe3+,Fe2+,Mg,Al)Si2O6
9.DA.20Omphacite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Al)Si2O6
9.DA.25AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
9.DA.25JadeiteNa(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6
9.DA.25Jervisite(Na,Ca,Fe2+)(Sc,Mg,Fe2+)Si2O6
9.DA.25KosmochlorNaCrSi2O6
9.DA.25NamansiliteNaMn3+Si2O6
9.DA.25NatalyiteNaV3+Si2O6
9.DA.30SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
14.22.2Pyroxferroite(Fe,Mn,Ca)SiO3
14.22.3 Ferro-akermaniteCa2FeSi2O7
14.22.4KirschsteiniteCaFe2+SiO4
14.22.5TungusiteCa4Fe2Si6O15(OH)6
14.22.6Ferro-actinolite☐{Ca2}{Fe52+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
14.22.7IlvaiteCaFe3+Fe22+(Si2O7)O(OH)
14.22.8Julgoldite-(Fe2+)Ca2Fe2+Fe23+(Si2O7)(SiO4)(OH)2 · H2O
14.22.9AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3

Other Names for Hedenbergite

Synonyms:

Funkite

Lodulite

Name in Other Languages:
Croatian:Hedenbergit
Italian:Edenbergite
Japanese:灰鉄輝石
Simplified Chinese:钙铁辉石
镁铁辉石
Varieties:

Ferrosalite

Hedenbergite-Hypersthene

Manganoan Hedenbergite

Other Information

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Hedenbergite in petrology

Common component of (items highlighted in red)

References for Hedenbergite

Reference List:
Hedenberg, A.L. in Afhandlingar i Fysic, Kemi och Mineralogi. Utgifne af W. Hisinger och J. Berzelius. (Stockholm, 1806-18), Vol 2, p. 164.

Berzelius, J.J. (1819) Hedenbergite. Nouveau Système de Minéralogie. A Paris, Chez Méquignon-Marvis, 1819: 269-270.

A. Poldervaart , and H. H. Hess , "Pyroxenes in the Crystallization of Basaltic Magma," The Journal of Geology 59, no. 5 (Sep., 1951): 472-489.

Smith, J.V. (1966) X-ray emission microanalysis of rock-forming minerals. VI: Clinopyroxenes near the diopside-hedenbergite join. Journal of Geology: 74: 463-467.

Clark, J.R., Appleman, D.E., Papike, J.J. (1969) Crystal-chemical characterization of clinopyroxenes based on eight new structure refinements. MSA Special Paper: 2: 31-50.

Rustein, M.S. (1971) Re-examination of the wollastonite-hedenbergite (CaSiO3-CaFeSi2O6) equilibria. American Mineralogist: 56: 2040-2052.

Cameron, M., Shigeho, S., Prewitt, C.T., Papike, J.J. (1973) High-temperature crystal chemistry of acmite, diopside, hedenbergite, jadeite, spodumene and ureyite. American Mineralogist: 58: 594-618.

Shimazaki, H., Yamanaka, T. (1973) Iron-wollastonite from skarns and its stability relation in the CaSiO3-CaFeSi2O6 join. Geochemical Journal: 7: 67-79.

(1978) Zapiski Vserossiyskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 107: 113.

Ito, Yoshiaki; Matsumoto, Takeo; Yoshiasa, Akira (1982): A manganoan hedenbergite from the Nakatatsu mine, Fukui Prefecture, Japan and its crystal structure. Mineralogical Journal 11, 84-92.

Fehr, K.T., Hobelsberger, B. (1997) Experimentelle Bestimmung der chemischen Potentiale von Hedenbergit in der Mischreihe Hedenbergit-Petedunnit. Beiheft zum European Journal of Mineralogy: 9: 98.

Rothkopf, A.L., Fehr, K.T. (1998) The chemical potential of hedenbergite in hedenbergite-petedunnite solid solution determined by EMF measurements. Terra Abstracts: 10: Supplement 1: 53.

N.Morimoto, J. Fabries, A.K.Ferguson, I.V.Ginzburg, M.Ross, F.A.Seifeit and J.Zussman. 1989. "Nomenclature of pyroxenes" Canadian Mineralogist Vol.27 pp143–156 http://www.mineralogicalassociation.ca/doc/abstracts/ima98/ima98(12).pdf

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