Hoelite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Hoelite
Formula:
C14H8O2
structural formula: (CH)4C2C(O)C(O)C2(CH4)2 or C4H4C2(CO)2C2C4H4
Colour:
Yellow, greenish-yellow
Specific Gravity:
1.43
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named after Adolf Hoel (1879â1964), Norwegian geologist and polar researcher. He led the expedition during which the mineral was found.
Type Locality:
Chemically 9,10-anthraquinone (also known as anthracene-9,10-dione) - a diketone derivative of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon anthracene.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1915
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1915:2
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
f04f3829-ee63-4cba-bc1b-86fe2c15a5bd
IMA Classification of Hoelite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1922
Classification of Hoelite
10.CA.15
10 : ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
C : Miscellaneous Organic Minerals
A : Miscellaneous Organic Minerals
10 : ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
C : Miscellaneous Organic Minerals
A : Miscellaneous Organic Minerals
50.4.2.1
50 : ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
4 : Miscellaneous
50 : ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
4 : Miscellaneous
32.9
32 : Hydrocarbons, Resins and other Organic Compounds
32 : Hydrocarbons, Resins and other Organic Compounds
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMAâCNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Hoe | IMAâCNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMAâCNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Hoelite
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Yellow, greenish-yellow
Density:
1.43 g/cm3 (Measured) 1.467 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Hoelite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.750 nβ = 1.750 nγ = 2.000(1)
Birefringence:
About 0.3
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.250
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Chemistry of Hoelite
Mindat Formula:
C14H8O2
structural formula: (CH)4C2C(O)C(O)C2(CH4)2 or C4H4C2(CO)2C2C4H4
structural formula: (CH)4C2C(O)C(O)C2(CH4)2 or C4H4C2(CO)2C2C4H4
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Hoelite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Setting:
P21/a
Cell Parameters:
a = 15.81 Å, b = 3.967 Å, c = 7.876 Å
β = 102.67°
β = 102.67°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 3.985 : 1 : 1.985
Unit Cell V:
481.94 Ă
Âł (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
delicate needles, to several mm long
Comment:
Monoclinic, pseudo-orthorhombic.
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
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Rotation
Stop | Start
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Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0009309 | Hoelite | Prakash A (1967) Refinement of the crystal structure of anthraquinone Acta Crystallographica 22 439-440 | 1967 | 0 | 293 | ||
0010586 | Hoelite | Murty B V R (1960) Refinement of the structure of anthraquinone Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 113 445-465 | 1960 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
7.69 Ă | (95) |
6.16 Ă | (50) |
3.84 Ă | (35) |
3.79 Ă | (10) |
3.52 Ă | (100) |
3.36 Ă | (80) |
3.14 Ă | (14) |
Comments:
(ICDD 28-2002).
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals | <0.36 |
Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals | <10 Ka |
54 : Coal and other mine fire minerals (see also #51 and #56) |
Type Occurrence of Hoelite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Fine yellow needles directly on coal
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Mineralogical-Geological Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, 21981.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Vent of burning coal deposit
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Oftedal, I.W. (1922) Minerals from the burning coal seam at Mt. Pyramide, Spitsbergen. Resultater av de Norske Statsunderstottede Spitsbergenekspeditioner: 1: 9-14.
Synonyms of Hoelite
Other Language Names for Hoelite
German:9,10-Anthrachinon
Hoelit
Hoelit
Spanish:Hoelita
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
4 photos of Hoelite associated with Sulphur | S8 |
1 photo of Hoelite associated with Salammoniac | NH4Cl |
1 photo of Hoelite associated with Freitalite | C14H10 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
10.CA. | Tholins | (C,H,N) |
10.CA. | Natrosulfatourea | Na2(SO4)[CO(NH2)2] |
10.CA. | Allantoin | C4H6N4O3 |
10.CA. | Bojarite | Cu3(N3C2H2)3(OH)Cl2 · 6H2O |
10.CA.05 | Refikite | C20H32O2 |
10.CA.10 | Flagstaffite | C10H22O3 |
10.CA.20 | Abelsonite | Ni(C31H32N4) |
10.CA.25 | Kladnoite | C6H4(CO)2NH |
10.CA.30 | Guanine | C5H5N5O |
10.CA.30 | Tinnunculite (of Chesnokov & Shcherbakova) | C10H12N8O8 |
10.CA.35 | Urea | CO(NH2)2 |
10.CA.40 | Uricite | C5H4N4O3 |
10.CA.45 | Chanabayaite | CuCl(N3C2H2)(NH3) · 0.25H2O |
10.CA.50 | Triazolite | NaCu2(N3C2H2)2(NH3)2Cl3 · 4H2O |
10.CA.55 | Ernstburkeite | Mg(CH3SO3)2 · 12H2O |
10.CA.60 | Joanneumite | Cu(C3N3O3H2)2(NH3)2 |
10.CA.65 | Tinnunculite | C5H4N4O3 · 2H2O |
10.CA.70 | Dopplerite |
Other Information
Notes:
On heating, it sublimates very easily. Dissolved in concentrated sulphuric acid and regenerated from the solution on dilution with water. Easily soluble in chloroform and somewhat less easily in benzol. The solutions are all yellow.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Hoelite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1915.html
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References for Hoelite
Reference List:
Localities for Hoelite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
â - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Czech Republic | |
| Zacek et al. (1995) |
| Hyrsl J. +1 other reference |
| JirĂĄsek (2001) |
Germany | |
| Thalheim +1 other reference |
Norway (TL) | |
| Oftedahl (1929) |
Poland | |
| FabiaĆska et al. (2015) |
| Kruszewski et al. (2019) |
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Carola Mine, Döhlen, Freital, SÀchsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge, Saxony, Germany