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Hoelite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About HoeliteHide

00639320014946347008767.jpg
Adolf Hoel in 1911
Formula:
C14H8O2
structural formula: (CH)4C2C(O)C(O)C2(CH4)2 or C4H4C2(CO)2C2C4H4
Colour:
Yellow, greenish-yellow
Specific Gravity:
1.43
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named after Adolf Hoel (1879–1964), Norwegian geologist and polar researcher. He led the expedition during which the mineral was found.
Chemically 9,10-anthraquinone (also known as anthracene-9,10-dione) - a diketone derivative of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon anthracene.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
1915
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1915:2
GUID
(UUID V4):
f04f3829-ee63-4cba-bc1b-86fe2c15a5bd

IMA Classification of HoeliteHide

Classification of HoeliteHide

10.CA.15

10 : ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
C : Miscellaneous Organic Minerals
A : Miscellaneous Organic Minerals
50.4.2.1

50 : ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
4 : Miscellaneous
32.9

32 : Hydrocarbons, Resins and other Organic Compounds

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
HoeIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of HoeliteHide

Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Yellow, greenish-yellow
Density:
1.43 g/cm3 (Measured)    1.467 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of HoeliteHide

Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.750 nβ = 1.750 nγ = 2.000(1)
Birefringence:
About 0.3
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.250
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High

Chemistry of HoeliteHide

Mindat Formula:
C14H8O2

structural formula: (CH)4C2C(O)C(O)C2(CH4)2 or C4H4C2(CO)2C2C4H4

Crystallography of HoeliteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Setting:
P21/a
Cell Parameters:
a = 15.81 Å, b = 3.967 Å, c = 7.876 Å
β = 102.67°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 3.985 : 1 : 1.985
Unit Cell V:
481.94 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
delicate needles, to several mm long
Comment:
Monoclinic, pseudo-orthorhombic.

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0009309HoelitePrakash A (1967) Refinement of the crystal structure of anthraquinone Acta Crystallographica 22 439-44019670293
0010586HoeliteMurty B V R (1960) Refinement of the structure of anthraquinone Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 113 445-46519600293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
7.69 Å(95)
6.16 Å(50)
3.84 Å(35)
3.79 Å(10)
3.52 Å(100)
3.36 Å(80)
3.14 Å(14)
Comments:
(ICDD 28-2002).

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere<0.6
50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals<0.36
Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals<10 Ka
54 : Coal and other mine fire minerals (see also #51 and #56)

Type Occurrence of HoeliteHide

General Appearance of Type Material:
Fine yellow needles directly on coal
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Mineralogical-Geological Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, 21981.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Vent of burning coal deposit
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Oftedal, I.W. (1922) Minerals from the burning coal seam at Mt. Pyramide, Spitsbergen. Resultater av de Norske Statsunderstottede Spitsbergenekspeditioner: 1: 9-14.

Synonyms of HoeliteHide

Other Language Names for HoeliteHide

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
4 photos of Hoelite associated with SulphurS8
1 photo of Hoelite associated with SalammoniacNH4Cl
1 photo of Hoelite associated with FreitaliteC14H10

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

10.CA.Tholins(C,H,N)
10.CA.NatrosulfatoureaNa2(SO4)[CO(NH2)2]Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn
10.CA.AllantoinC4H6N4O3Mon. 2/m : P21/b
10.CA.BojariteCu3(N3C2H2)3(OH)Cl2 · 6H2OIso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
10.CA.05RefikiteC20H32O2Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 2
10.CA.10FlagstaffiteC10H22O3Orth. mm2 : Fdd2
10.CA.20AbelsoniteNi(C31H32N4)Tric. 1 : P1
10.CA.25KladnoiteC6H4(CO)2NHMon. 2/m
10.CA.30GuanineC5H5N5OMon. 2/m : P21/b
10.CA.30Tinnunculite (of Chesnokov & Shcherbakova)C10H12N8O8Orth.
10.CA.35UreaCO(NH2)2Tet. 4 2m : P4 21m
10.CA.40UriciteC5H4N4O3Mon. 2/m : P21/b
10.CA.45ChanabayaiteCuCl(N3C2H2)(NH3) · 0.25H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Imma
10.CA.50TriazoliteNaCu2(N3C2H2)2(NH3)2Cl3 · 4H2OOrth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21
10.CA.55ErnstburkeiteMg(CH3SO3)2 · 12H2O Trig. 3 : R3
10.CA.60JoanneumiteCu(C3N3O3H2)2(NH3)2Tric. 1 : P1
10.CA.65TinnunculiteC5H4N4O3 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
10.CA.70DoppleriteAmor.

Other InformationHide

Notes:
On heating, it sublimates very easily. Dissolved in concentrated sulphuric acid and regenerated from the solution on dilution with water. Easily soluble in chloroform and somewhat less easily in benzol. The solutions are all yellow.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for HoeliteHide

References for HoeliteHide

Localities for HoeliteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Czech Republic
 
  • Central Bohemian Region
Zacek et al. (1995)
      • LibuĆĄin
Hyrsl J. +1 other reference
  • Hradec KrĂĄlovĂ© Region
    • Trutnov District
      • Radvanice
JirĂĄsek (2001)
Germany
 
  • Saxony
    • SĂ€chsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge
      • Freital
        • Döhlen
Thalheim +1 other reference
Norway (TL)
 
  • Svalbard
    • Spitsbergen
Oftedahl (1929)
Poland
 
  • Silesian Voivodeship
    • Katowice
      • WeƂnowiec-JĂłzefowiec
FabiaƄska et al. (2015)
    • Rybnik
      • Niedobczyce
Kruszewski et al. (2019)
 
Mineral and/or Locality  
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