Ixiolite
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About Ixiolite
Formula:
(Ta,Nb,Sn,Fe,Mn)4O8
Colour:
Steel-grey, black
Lustre:
Sub-Metallic
Hardness:
6 - 6½
Specific Gravity:
7.03 - 7.23
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
After Ixion in Greek mythology, a character related to Tantalus, in allusion to the tantalum content of the material.
Complex oxide with disordered cation distribution (only one cation site in the asymmetric unit) and a unit cell equivalent to a subcell of columbite.
Some "ixiolites" are Nb-dominant and probably a new species (see ixiolite varieties).
Orthorhombic, although some varieties seem to be monoclinic-pseudoorthorhombic (Wise et al., 1998).
Some "ixiolites" are Nb-dominant and probably a new species (see ixiolite varieties).
Orthorhombic, although some varieties seem to be monoclinic-pseudoorthorhombic (Wise et al., 1998).
Classification of Ixiolite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Approval year:
1962
4/D.17-30
4.DB.25
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
B : With medium-sized cations; chains of edge-sharing octahedra
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
B : With medium-sized cations; chains of edge-sharing octahedra
8.1.10.1
8 : MULTIPLE OXIDES CONTAINING NIOBIUM,TANTALUM OR TITANIUM
1 : ABO4
8 : MULTIPLE OXIDES CONTAINING NIOBIUM,TANTALUM OR TITANIUM
1 : ABO4
18.1.41
18 : Niobates and Tantalates
1 : Niobates and tantalates containing neither rare earths nor U
18 : Niobates and Tantalates
1 : Niobates and tantalates containing neither rare earths nor U
Physical Properties of Ixiolite
Sub-Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Steel-grey, black
Hardness:
6 - 6½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
7.03 - 7.23 g/cm3 (Measured) 7.39 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Chemical Properties of Ixiolite
Formula:
(Ta,Nb,Sn,Fe,Mn)4O8
IMA Formula:
(Ta,Mn,Nb)O2
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Ixiolite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.73 Å, b = 4.74 Å, c = 5.16 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.209 : 1 : 1.089
Unit Cell V:
140 ų
Morphology:
Single crystals are "columbite-like", also as spherical aggregates. Rectangular prisms with {100}, {001}, and {010}.
Twinning:
Twinned on {103} at times.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0000125 | Ixiolite | Nickel E H, Rowland J F, McAdam R C (1963) Ixiolite - a columbite substructure sample M-6591, note that the coordinates have been put into a standard setting American Mineralogist 48 961-979 | ![]() | 1963 | 0 | 293 | |
0005132 | Ixiolite | Grice J D, Ferguson R B, Hawthorne F C (1976) The crystal structures of tantalite, ixiolite and wodginite from Bernic lake, Manitoba I. Tantalite and ixiolite The Canadian Mineralogist 14 540-549 | ![]() | 1976 | Bernic lake, Manitoba, Canada | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.65 Å | (32) |
2.98 Å | (100) |
2.87 Å | (5) |
2.57 Å | (13) |
2.51 Å | (20) |
2.37 Å | (5) |
2.265 Å | (2) |
2.213 Å | (4) |
2.104 Å | (9) |
2.017 Å | (1) |
1.915 Å | (4) |
1.826 Å | (6) |
1.772 Å | (13) |
1.746 Å | (17) |
1.722 Å | (24) |
1.554 Å | (12) |
1.521 Å | (1) |
1.490 Å | (1) |
1.459 Å | (29) |
1.380 Å | (1) |
Comments:
The unit-cell is a sub-cell of columbite, with similar parameters except for b, which is one-third of the columbite b parameter.
Geological Environment
Geological Setting:
Ta-bearing granitic pegmatites
Type Occurrence of Ixiolite
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Granitic pegmatite
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Ixiolite
Other Language Names for Ixiolite
Varieties of Ixiolite
Scandian Ixiolite (of Bergstøl & Juve) | A scandium-rich variety of ixiolite. The most Sc-rich samples are Sc-dominant (Bergstøl & Juve, 1988), and may be a new species. See: http://www.mindat.org/mesg-7-72088.html. |
Scandian Ixiolite (of von Knorring) | Probably a new species because of the Nb-dominance (ixiolite is defined as being Ta-dominant). |
Wolframoixiolite | A tungsten-bearing variety of ixiolite; possibly a separate species. Compare qitianlingite. |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
4 photos of Ixiolite associated with Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
3 photos of Ixiolite associated with Wodginite | Mn2+Sn4+Ta2O8 |
3 photos of Ixiolite associated with Monazite-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) |
3 photos of Ixiolite associated with Cleavelandite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
2 photos of Ixiolite associated with Titanowodginite | Mn2+TiTa2O8 |
2 photos of Ixiolite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
1 photo of Ixiolite associated with Lithiowodginite | LiTa3O8 |
1 photo of Ixiolite associated with Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping
4.DB.05 | Argutite | GeO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
4.DB.05 | Cassiterite | SnO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
4.DB.05 | Plattnerite | PbO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
4.DB.05 | Pyrolusite | Mn4+O2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
4.DB.05 | Rutile | TiO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
4.DB.05 | Tripuhyite | Fe3+Sb5+O4 | Tet. |
4.DB.05 | Tugarinovite | MoO2 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
4.DB.05 | Varlamoffite | (Sn,Fe)(O,OH)2 | |
4.DB.10 | Byströmite | MgSb2O6 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nmm |
4.DB.10 | Tapiolite-(Fe) | Fe2+Ta2O6 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
4.DB.10 | Tapiolite-(Mn) | Mn2+Ta2O6 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
4.DB.10 | Ordoñezite | ZnSb2O6 | Tet. |
4.DB.15b | Akhtenskite | ε-Mn4+O2 | Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P63/mmc |
4.DB.15c | Nsutite | (Mn4+,Mn2+)(O,OH)2 | Hex. |
4.DB.15a | Paramontroseite | V4+O2 | Orth. |
4.DB.15a | Ramsdellite | Mn4+O2 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
4.DB.20 | Scrutinyite | α-PbO2 | Orth. |
4.DB.25 | Ishikawaite | U4+Fe2+Nb2O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.25 | Samarskite-(Y) | YFe3+Nb2O8 | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
4.DB.25 | Srilankite | ZrTi2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
4.DB.25 | Yttrocolumbite-(Y) | Y(U4+,Fe2+)Nb2O8 | |
4.DB.25 | Calciosamarskite | (Ca,Fe3+,Y)2(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.25 | Samarskite-(Yb) | (Yb,Y,U,Th,Ca,Fe)(Nb,Ta)2O8 | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
4.DB.30 | Ferberite | FeWO4 | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
4.DB.30 | Hübnerite | MnWO4 | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
4.DB.30 | Sanmartinite | (Zn,Fe)WO4 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
4.DB.30 | Krasnoselskite | CoWO4 | Mon. |
4.DB.30 | Heftetjernite | ScTaO4 | Mon. 2/m |
4.DB.30 | Huanzalaite | MgWO4 | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
4.DB.35 | Columbite-(Fe) | Fe2+Nb2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
4.DB.35 | Tantalite-(Fe) | Fe2+Ta2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
4.DB.35 | Columbite-(Mn) | Mn2+Nb2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
4.DB.35 | Tantalite-(Mn) | Mn2+Ta2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
4.DB.35 | Columbite-(Mg) | (Mg,Fe,Mn)(Nb,Ta)2O6 | Orth. |
4.DB.35 | Qitianlingite | (Fe,Mn)2(Nb,Ta)2WO10 | Orth. |
4.DB.35 | Magnocolumbite | (Mg,Fe,Mn)(Nb,Ta)2O6 | |
4.DB.35 | Tantalite-(Mg) | (Mg,Fe2+)(Ta,Nb)2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
4.DB.40 | Ferrowodginite | Fe2+Sn4+Ta2O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.40 | Lithiotantite | LiTa3O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.40 | Lithiowodginite | LiTa3O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.40 | Titanowodginite | Mn2+TiTa2O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.40 | Wodginite | Mn2+Sn4+Ta2O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.40 | Ferrotitanowodginite | Fe2+TiTa2O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.40 | Wolframowodginite | Mn(Mn,Sn,Fe,Ta)(W,Ta,Nb)2O8 | |
4.DB.45 | Tivanite | V3+TiO3(OH) | Mon. |
4.DB.50 | Carmichaelite | (Ti,Cr,Fe)[O2-x(OH)x] | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
4.DB.55 | Alumotantite | AlTaO4 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
4.DB.60 | Biehlite | ((Sb,As)O)2[MoO4] | Mon. |
Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals Grouping
18.1.1 | Lithiotantite | LiTa3O8 | Mon. |
18.1.2 | Lueshite | NaNbO3 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
18.1.3 | Natroniobite | NaNbO3 | Mon. |
18.1.4 | Franconite | Na(Nb2O5)(OH) · 3H2O | Mon. |
18.1.5 | Natrotantite | Na2Ta4O11 | Mon. |
18.1.6 | Irtyshite | Na2(Ta,Nb)4O11 | Hex. |
18.1.7 | Rankamaite | (Na,K)3(Ta,Nb,Al)11(O,OH)31 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmmm |
18.1.8 | Hydropyrochlore | (H2O,◻)2Nb2(O,OH)6(H2O) | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
18.1.9 | Calciotantite | CaTa4O11 | Hex. |
18.1.10 | Rynersonite | CaTa2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
18.1.11 | Microlite Group | A2-mTa2X6-wZ-n | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
18.1.12 | Belyankinite | Ca1-2(Ti,Nb)5O12 · 9H2O (?) | Amor. |
18.1.13 | Latrappite | Ca2NbFe3+O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
18.1.14 | Hochelagaite | (Ca,Na,Sr)(Nb,Ti,Si,Al)4O11 · 8H2O | Mon. |
18.1.15 | Bariomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977) | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m | |
18.1.16 | Parabariomicrolite | BaTa4O10(OH)2 · 2H2O | Trig. |
18.1.17 | Bariopyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977) | A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
18.1.18 | Alumotantite | AlTaO4 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
18.1.19 | Simpsonite | Al4Ta3O13(OH) | Trig. 3 : P3 |
18.1.20 | Sosedkoite | (K,Na)5Al2(Ta,Nb)22O60 | Orth. |
18.1.21 | Thoreaulite | (Sn2+,Pb)(Ta,Nb)2O6 | Mon. |
18.1.22 | Stannomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977) | ||
18.1.23 | Foordite | Sn2+(Nb,Ta)2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
18.1.24 | Changbaiite | PbNb2O6 | Trig. |
18.1.25 | Plumbopyrochlore (of Skorobogatova et al.) | A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z | |
18.1.26 | Plumbomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977) | ||
18.1.27 | Stibiocolumbite | Sb(Nb,Ta)O4 | Orth. mm2 |
18.1.28 | Stibiotantalite | Sb(Ta,Nb)O4 | Orth. mm2 |
18.1.29 | Natrobistantite | Iso. | |
18.1.30 | Cesplumtantite | (Cs,Na)2(Pb,Sb3+)3Ta8O24 | Tet. |
18.1.31 | Stibiomicrolite (of Groat et al.) | ||
18.1.32 | Cesstibtantite | ||
18.1.34 | Bismutotantalite | Bi(Ta,Nb)O4 | Orth. |
18.1.35 | Bismutomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977) | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m | |
18.1.36 | Tantalite-(Mn) | Mn2+Ta2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
18.1.37 | Gerasimovskite | (Mn,Ca)(Nb,Ti)5O12 · 9H2O | Amor. |
18.1.38 | Tapiolite-(Mn) | Mn2+Ta2O6 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
18.1.39 | Columbite-(Mn) | Mn2+Nb2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
18.1.40 | Wodginite | Mn2+Sn4+Ta2O8 | Mon. |
18.1.42 | Columbite-(Fe) | Fe2+Nb2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
18.1.43 | Tantalite-(Fe) | Fe2+Ta2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
18.1.44 | Columbite | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn | |
18.1.45 | Tantalite | (Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6 | |
18.1.46 | Tapiolite | (Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) |
18.1.47 | Tapiolite-(Fe) | Fe2+Ta2O6 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
18.1.48 | Columbite-(Mg) | (Mg,Fe,Mn)(Nb,Ta)2O6 | Orth. |
18.1.50 | Strüverite | (Ti,Ta,Fe)O2 | |
18.1.51 | Staringite | (Fe,Mn)x(Ta,Nb)2xSn6-3xO12 |
Other Information
Thermal Behaviour:
Heating above 700 °C induces order; either to wodginite structure or to columbite structure depending on chemistry.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Industrial Uses:
Ta-ore
References for Ixiolite
Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Nordenskiöld (1857), Ann. Phys.: 101: 632.
Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 778.
Khvostova, V. A.; Maksimova, N. V. (1963): New discovery of ixiolite. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 148, 424-426 (in Russian).
Nickel, E. H.; Rowland, J. F.; McAdam, R. C. (1963): Ixiolite-a columbite substructure. American Mineralogist, 48, 961-979.
Grice, J. D., Ferguson, R. B., Hawthorne, F. C. (1976): The crystal structures of tantalite, ixiolite and wodginite from Bernic lake, Manitoba. I. Tantalite and ixiolite. Canadian Mineralogist 14, 540-549.
Polyakov, V. O.; Cherepivskaya, G. E. (1981): Ixiolite of the Ilmen Mountains. Mineralogicheskii Zhurnal 3, 67-75 (in Russian).
Wise, M.A., Černý, P., Falster, A.U. (1998): Scandium substitution in columbite-group minerals and ixiolite. Canadian Mineralogist 36, 673-680.
Internet Links for Ixiolite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2059.html
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Localities for Ixiolite
Locality List




All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Algeria | |
| Kesraoui, M., & Nedjari, S. (2002). Contrasting evolution of low-P rare metal granites from two different terranes in the Hoggar area, Algeria. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 34(3), 247-257.; Kesraoui Mokrane; Marignac Christian; Verkaeren Jean, 2000: Late magmatic evolution of rare earth granites; example of the Tin-Amzi Cupola Ahaggar, Algeria. Bulletin du Service Geologique de l'Algerie 11(2): 195-216 |
Argentina | |
| Colombo, F., Lira, R., Simmons, W., & Falster, A. (2011). The NYF-type miarolitic-rare earth elements pegmatites of the El Portezuelo granite, Papachacra (Catamarca, NW Argentina). Asoc. Geol. Arg., Serie D, Publicación Especial, 14, 57-59. |
| Milka K. de Brodtkorb (2002) Las Especies Minerales de la Republica Argentina. Vol. 1 (elements, sulphides and sulphosalts). (Asociacion Mineralogica Argentina); Galliski, M. A. (1983). Distrito minero El Quemado, Deptos. La Poma y Cachi, provincia de Salta. II. Geología de sus pegmatitas. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argentina, 38, 340-380. |
Galliski, M. A., & Černý, P. (2006). Geochemistry and structural state of columbite-group minerals in granitic pegmatites of the Pampean Ranges, Argentina. The Canadian Mineralogist, 44(3), 645-666. | |
Australia | |
| Partington, G.A. (1990) Environment and structural controls on the intrusion of the giant rare metal Greenbushes pegmatite, Western Australia. Economic Geology: 85: 437-456.; Econ Geol (1995) 90:616-635 |
| Jacobson, M., Calderwood, M., Grguric, B.(2007): Pegmatites of Western Australia |
jacobson, M., calderwood, M., Grguric, B., (2007): Pegmatites of Western Australia | |
| Grguric, B. A. & Downes, P. J. (2008): Pegmatite minerals from the Barabara mine, Coolgardie, Western Australia. Australian J. of Mineralogy 14, 55-60. |
| Calderwood, M.A., Grguric, B.A., Jacobson, M.I. (2007) Guidebook to the Pegmatites of Western Australia. Hesperian Press, Carlisle, Western Australia, 394 pages. |
| Simpson, Edward S. (1928) Famous Mineral Localities: Wodgina, North West Australia, American Mineralogist, Vol. 13, No. 9, September 1928, pp.457-468. |
Austria | |
| Carinthia II, 193./113 (2003) 195-216. |
Brandstätter, F. & Niedermayr, G. (2003): 1331) Wolframoixiolith in Rauchquarz von Maigen, Niederösterreich. P. 203 in Niedermayr, G. et al. (2003): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LII, Carinthia II, 193./113., 195-216. | |
| Mali, H. (2004): Die Spodumenpegmatite von Bretstein und Pusterwald (Wölzer Tauern, Steiermark). Joannea Mineralogie 2, 5-53. |
Brazil | |
| Dias, C.H. & de Sá Carneiro Chaves, M.L: (2015): Uncommon Nb-tantalate from the Cachoeira mine, Araçuaí pegmatite district (Minas Gerais). Revista Escola des Minas, 68 (4): ? |
| Beurlen, H., Da Silva, M.R.R., Thomas, R., Soares, D.R., and Olivier, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 207-228. |
| Beurlen, H., Da Silva, M.R.R., Thomas, R., Soares, D.R., and Olivier, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 207-228; Beurlen, H., Thomas, R., Melgarejo, J. C., Da Silva, J. M. R., Rhede, D., Soares, D. R., & Da Silva, M. R. (2013). Chrysoberyl-sillimanite association from the Roncadeira pegmatite, Borborema Province, Brazil: implications for gemstone exploration. Journal of GEOsciences, 58(2), 79-90. |
| Beurlen, H., Da Silva, M.R.R., Thomas, R., Soares, D.R., and Olivier, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 207-228. |
| Beurlen, H., Da Silva, M.R.R., Thomas, R., Soares, D.R., and Olivier, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 207-228. |
Beurlen, H., Da Silva, M.R.R., Thomas, R., Soares, D.R., and Olivier, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 207-228.; - Beurlen, H.; Müller, A.; Silva, D.; Da Silva, M.R.R. (2011): Petrogenetic significance of LA-ICP-MS trace-element data on quartz from the Borborema Pegmatite Province, northeast Brazil. Mineralogical Magazine 75, 2703-2719. | |
| Beurlen, H., Da Silva, M.R.R., Thomas, R., Soares, D.R., and Olivier, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 207-228. |
| Beurlen, H., Da Silva, M.R.R., Thomas, R., Soares, D.R., and Olivier, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 207-228.; Beurlen, H., Soares, D. R., Thomas, R., Prado-Borges, L. E., & Castro, C. D. (2005). Mineral chemistry of tantalate species new in the Borborema Pegmatitic Province, Northeast Brazil. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 77(1), 169-182. |
Beurlen, H., Da Silva, M.R.R., Thomas, R., Soares, D.R., and Olivier, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 207-228. | |
Canada | |
| Bannatyne, B. B. (1985). Industrial minerals in rare-element pegmatites of Manitoba (Vol. 84, No. 1). Manitoba Energy and Mines, Geological Services. |
| Bannatyne, B. B. (1985). Industrial minerals in rare-element pegmatites of Manitoba (Vol. 84, No. 1). Manitoba Energy and Mines, Geological Services. |
Crouse, R.A., Černý, P. (1972) The Tanco pegmatite at Bernic Lake, Manitoba. I. Geology and paragenesis. Canadian Mineralogist, 11(3), 591-608.; Grice, Joel D. (1989) Bernic Lake, Manitoba: Mining for Space-age Elements. In: Famous mineral localities of Canada. Published by Fitzhenry & Whiteside Limited & the National Museum of Natural Sciences, 190 pages: 64-67; 153-155. | |
| Bannatyne, B. B. (1985). Industrial minerals in rare-element pegmatites of Manitoba (Vol. 84, No. 1). Manitoba Energy and Mines, Geological Services. |
Bannatyne, B. B. (1985). Industrial minerals in rare-element pegmatites of Manitoba (Vol. 84, No. 1). Manitoba Energy and Mines, Geological Services. | |
Bannatyne, B. B. (1985). Industrial minerals in rare-element pegmatites of Manitoba (Vol. 84, No. 1). Manitoba Energy and Mines, Geological Services. | |
Bannatyne, B. B. (1985). Industrial minerals in rare-element pegmatites of Manitoba (Vol. 84, No. 1). Manitoba Energy and Mines, Geological Services. | |
Bannatyne, B. B. (1985). Industrial minerals in rare-element pegmatites of Manitoba (Vol. 84, No. 1). Manitoba Energy and Mines, Geological Services. | |
Bannatyne, B. B. (1985). Industrial minerals in rare-element pegmatites of Manitoba (Vol. 84, No. 1). Manitoba Energy and Mines, Geological Services. | |
Bannatyne, B. B. (1985). Industrial minerals in rare-element pegmatites of Manitoba (Vol. 84, No. 1). Manitoba Energy and Mines, Geological Services. | |
Canadian Mineralogist 36, 547 | |
Bannatyne, B. B. (1985). Industrial minerals in rare-element pegmatites of Manitoba (Vol. 84, No. 1). Manitoba Energy and Mines, Geological Services. | |
| Bannatyne, B. B. (1985). Industrial minerals in rare-element pegmatites of Manitoba (Vol. 84, No. 1). Manitoba Energy and Mines, Geological Services. |
| Bannatyne, B. B. (1985). Industrial minerals in rare-element pegmatites of Manitoba (Vol. 84, No. 1). Manitoba Energy and Mines, Geological Services. |
| Bannatyne, B. B. (1985). Industrial minerals in rare-element pegmatites of Manitoba (Vol. 84, No. 1). Manitoba Energy and Mines, Geological Services. |
| Bannatyne, B. B. (1985). Industrial minerals in rare-element pegmatites of Manitoba (Vol. 84, No. 1). Manitoba Energy and Mines, Geological Services. |
| Bannatyne, B. B. (1985). Industrial minerals in rare-element pegmatites of Manitoba (Vol. 84, No. 1). Manitoba Energy and Mines, Geological Services. |
Bannatyne, B. B. (1985). Industrial minerals in rare-element pegmatites of Manitoba (Vol. 84, No. 1). Manitoba Energy and Mines, Geological Services. | |
| Bannatyne, B. B. (1985). Industrial minerals in rare-element pegmatites of Manitoba (Vol. 84, No. 1). Manitoba Energy and Mines, Geological Services. |
Bannatyne, B. B. (1985). Industrial minerals in rare-element pegmatites of Manitoba (Vol. 84, No. 1). Manitoba Energy and Mines, Geological Services. | |
| www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/can.htm.; Badham 91978), Davidson (1978 & 1983) |
SHEARD, E.R., WILLIAMS-JONES, A.E., HEILIGMANN, M., PEDERSON, C. AND TRUEMAN, D.L. (2012) Controls on the concentration of zirconium, niobium, and the rare earth elements in the Thor Lake rare metal deposit, Northwest Territories, Canada. Economic Geology, 107(1), 81-104. | |
Sheard, E.R. (2010); SHEARD, E.R., WILLIAMS-JONES, A.E., HEILIGMANN, M., PEDERSON, C. AND TRUEMAN, D.L. (2012) Controls on the concentration of zirconium, niobium, and the rare earth elements in the Thor Lake rare metal deposit, Northwest Territories, Canada. Economic Geology, 107(1), 81-104. | |
| Canadian Mineralogist 36, 547 |
| ontariominerals.com |
China | |
| Guangming Yang, Su Wang, Zhizhong Peng, and Jingzhen Bu (1985): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 5(3), 193-198 |
| Fengjun Nie, Fengxiang Wang, Yu'an Zhao, Yan Sun, and Hua Chai (2013): Mineral Deposits 32(4), 730-743 |
| Wenlan Zhang, Renmin Hua, and Rucheng Wang (2003): Mineral Deposits 22(2), 158-165, 120 |
| [AmMin 84:688] |
Czech Republic | |
| Gadas, P., Novák, M., Filip, J., & Staněk, J. (2011). Zoned foitite→ schorl→ dravite→ magnesiofoitite crystals from pockets in anatectic pegmatites of the Moldanubian Zone, Czech Republic. In Asociacion Geologica Argentina, ser. D, Contributions to the 5th Int. Symp. on Granitic Pegmatites (Vol. 14, pp. 87-89). |
| Breiter, K. et al. (2007): Mineralogy and Petrology, 91, 225-248. |
| Miloš René und Radek Škoda (2011): Nb-Ta-Ti oxides fractionation in rare-metal granites: Krásno-Horní Slavkov ore district, Czech Republic. Mineralogy and Petrology 103, 37-48. |
| Novák, M.: Maršíkov - Schinderhübel. In Exkurzní průvodce po mineralogických lokalitách na Sobotínsku. Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci, 2002, Olomouc, s. 34-37. |
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| Novak, M., & Divis, K. (1996). Compositional trends in manganocolumbite from the Puklice I pegmatite, western Moravia, Czech Republic. Journal of GEOsciences, 41(1-2), 1-6. |
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| Novák, M.: Niobový a tantalový rutil – hojné variety rutilu. Minerál, 2004, roč. 12, č. 6, s. 428-431. |
Novák, M.: Niobový a tantalový rutil – hojné variety rutilu. Minerál, 2004, roč. 12, č. 6, 428-431.; Novák, M., Johan, Z., Škoda, R., Černý, P., Šrein, V., & Veselovský, F. (2008). Primary oxide minerals in the system WO3–Nb2O5–TiO2–Fe2O3–FeO and their breakdown products from the pegmatite No. 3 at Dolní Bory-Hatě, Czech Republic. European Journal of Mineralogy, 20(4), 487-499. | |
| Škoda, R., Staněk, J., Čopjaková, R.: Minerální asociace fosfátových nodulí z granitického pegmatitu od Cyrilova u Velkého Meziříčí, Moldanubikum; část 1 – primární a exsoluční fáze. Acta Mus. Moraviae, Sci. geol., 2007, 92, 59-74. |
Novotný, F. and Cempírek, J. (2019): Magmatic-hydrothermal evolution of tourmaline from the elbaite pegmatite Dolni Rožinka, Czech Republic. 9th European Conference on Mineralogy and Spectroscopy, ECMS2019, Prague, Czech Republic, September 11-13, Book of Abstracts, https://www.ecms2019.eu/sites/default/files/Abstract%20book%20ECMS2019%20web.pdf. | |
| Novák, M., Houzar, S., Pfeiferová, A.: Přehled mineralogie, petrografie a historie klasické lokality lepidolitového pegmatitu v Rožné u Bystřice nad Pernštejnem, západní Morava. Acta Musei Moraviae, Sci. geol., 83:3-48.; Novak, M., & Cerny, P. (2001). Distinctive compositional trends in columbite-tantalite from two segments of the lepidolite pegmatite at Rozna Western Moravia, Czech Republic. Journal of GEOsciences, 46(1-2), 1-8. |
P. Pauliš (2001): Nejzajímavější naleziště Moravy a Slezska. Kuttna, Kutná Hora. | |
P. Pauliš (2001): Nejzajímavější naleziště Moravy a Slezska. Kuttna, Kutná Hora. | |
DR Congo | |
| Voloshin A.V., Pakhomovskii Ya.A. (1988) Mineralogy of tantalum and niobium in rare-metal pegmatites, - Leningrad, Nauka, p. 240 (in Rus.) |
Egypt | |
| Küster, D. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 68-86.; Fengjun Nie, Fengxiang Wang, Yu'an Zhao, Yan Sun, and Hua Chai (2013): Mineral Deposits 32(4), 730-743 |
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Küster, D. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 68-86. | |
Ethiopia | |
| Küster, D. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 68-86.; A Geological Excursion To The Mesozoic Sediments Of The Abay Basin ( Blue Nile), Recent Volcanics Of The Ethiopian Main Rift And Basement Rocks Of The Adola Rea, Ethiopia. Mitt. Österr. Miner. Ges. 147 (2002) |
Europe | |
| Giovanni Scapin collection (XRD, SEM-EDS) |
Finland | |
| Lahti Seppo I. 2011. Kotkan topaasilouhoksesta ja sen mineraaleista. Kivi-lehti 4. |
| Lahti, S. (2000): Compositional variation in columbite group minerals from different types of granitic pegmatites of the Eräjärvi district,South Finland. Journal of the Czech Geological Society. 45 (1-2),107-118 |
Lahti, S. (2000): Compositional variation in columbite group minerals from different types of granitic pegmatites of the Eräjärvi district,South Finland. Journal of the Czech Geological Society. 45 (1-2),107-118 | |
Lahti, S. (2000): Compositional variation in columbite group minerals from different types of granitic pegmatites of the Eräjärvi district,South Finland. Journal of the Czech Geological Society. 45 (1-2),107-118 | |
Lahti, S. (2000): Compositional variation in columbite group minerals from different types of granitic pegmatites of the Eräjärvi district,South Finland. Journal of the Czech Geological Society. 45 (1-2),107-118 | |
| Lahti, Seppo & Kärkkäinen, Niilo 2016. Esiselvitys: REE-mineraalien esiintyminen Etelä-Suomen graniiteissa ja graniittipegmatiiteisssa. Geologinen Tutkimuskeskus raportti28/2016. |
| Hytönen, Kai 1999. Suomen Mineraalit. Geologian tutkimuskeskus. Erillisjulkaisu. |
| Nordenskiöld, A.E. (1857): Beitrag zu Finnlands Mineralogie. Ann.Phys.Chem.(Poggendorf),(1857) 4th ser., 11, 625-634; Nickel, E.H., Rowland, J.F. & McAdam, R.C. (1963): Ixiolite- a columbite substructure. American Mineralogist. 48, 961-979. |
| Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data 2018, Jyrki Autio material |
| Wilke, H.-J. (1976): Mineral-Fundstellen Band 4: Skandinavien. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, 370 pp. (in German) |
Wilke, H.-J. (1976): Mineral-Fundstellen Band 4: Skandinavien. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, 370 pp (p.296). | |
| Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data, Jyrki Autio Collection |
France | |
| Patureau, J., Chiappero, P-J. & Lebocey, J. (2011): Mines et minéraux de Montebras, Soumans, Creuse. Le Règne Minéral. 99, 5-33 |
| Harlaux, M., Marignac, C., Cuney, M., & Mercadier, J. (2015, August). The Puy-les-Vignes breccia pipe (Massif Central, France): a unique occurrence of polymetallic W-Nb±Ta-HREE-Bi-Cu-As±Au-Ag mineralization in the Variscan belt. In 13th Biennial SGA Meeting (Vol. 2, pp. 749-752). |
| Berbain,C., Riley, T., Favreau, G., (2012): Phosphates des pegmatites du massif des Albères (Pyrénées-Orientales). Le Cahier des Micromonteurs. 117, 121-172 |
| BERBAIN. C, RILEY. T, FAVREAU. G, (2012) Phosphates des pegmatites du massif des Albères. Ed Association Française de Microminéralogie |
Germany | |
| Witzke, T. & Giesler, T. (2013): Eine Seltenerd- und Niob-Tantal-Mineralisation aus dem Königshainer Granit in der Lausitz, Sachsen.- Mineralien-Welt 24(1), 36-45 |
Witzke, T. & Giesler, T. (2013): Eine Seltenerd- und Niob-Tantal-Mineralisation aus dem Königshainer Granit in der Lausitz, Sachsen.- Mineralien-Welt 24(1), 36-45 | |
Italy | |
| Grill, E. (1935): I minerali del granito di Baveno, la fayalite. Periodico di Mineralogia, 129-133. - Gallitelli, P. (1936): Le miche del granito di Baveno. . Periodico di Mineralogia, 61-76 - Pagliani, G. (1948): Le Zeoliti del granito di Baveno. Periodico di Mineralogia, 175-188. - Ravagnani, D. (1974): I giacimenti uraniferi italiani - Gruppo Mineralogico Lombardo - Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, Ed., Milano, 188 pp. - min. Rec. 14 (3), 157-168 - Am. Min. 83, 1330-1334 (1998) - Am. Min. 84, 782-789 (1999). - Guastoni, A. & Pezzotta, F. (2004): Kristiansenite a Baveno, second ritrovamento Mondiale della specie. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 4/2004, 247-251. - Guastoni, A., Demartin, F., Pezzotta, F. (2004): Sekaninaite delle pegmatiti granitiche di Feriolo e Baveno (VB). Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 145, 59-68. - Mineralogist americano (2005) 90, 1442-1452. |
• Guastoni, A. & Pezzotta, F. (2004): Kristiansenite a Baveno, secondo ritrovamento mondiale della specie. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 4/2004, 247-251. | |
| Vecchi, F., Rocchetti, I. & Gentile, P. (2013): Die Mineralien des Granits von Predazzo, Provinz Trient, Italien. Mineralien-Welt, 24(6), 98-117 (in German). |
| Can Min (2002) 40 (3), 799-814 |
Orlandi, P., & Pezzotta, F. (1997). Minerali dell'Isola d'Elba. Edizioni Novecento Grafico, Bergamo, 249 pp. | |
Kazakhstan | |
| Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow |
| Oitseva, Tatyana & D’yachkov, Boris & Vladimirov, A. & Kuzmina, O. & Ageeva, O.. (2017). New data on the substantial composition of Kalba rare metal deposits. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 110. 012018. 10.1088/1755-1315/110/1/012018. |
| Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow |
| Pavel M. Kartashov data |
Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow | |
| Jeremolenko, V. (2002): Kara-Oba: Mineralogische Perle der Betpak-Ebene bei Dzhambul, Kasachstan. Lapis 27 (4), 13-34 + 50 |
Madagascar | |
| Bull. Geol.Soc.Finland 41,75-77 (1969) |
| Ranorosoa, N. (1986): Etude mineralogique des pegmatites du champ de la Sahatany, Madagascar. These de Doctorat de l`Universite Paul Sabatier, Toulouse |
Pezzotta, F.(2007): Ta-Nb borates and other rare accessory phases in granitic pegmatites of the Itremo region, central Madagascar. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift. 35,97-98 | |
Ranorosoa, N. (1986): Etude mineralogique des pegmatites du champ de la Sahatany, Madagascar. These de doctorat de L'Universite Paul Sabatier, Toulouse | |
Ranorosoa, N. (1986): Etude mineralogique des pegmatites du champ de la Sahatany, Madagascar. These de Doctorat de l`Universite Paul Sabatier, Toulouse | |
v. Knorring, O. V., Sahama, Th.G. (1969): Scandian ixiolite from Mozambique and Madagascar. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland. 41: 75-77 | |
Mozambique | |
| Moiana, M. (2010) Certeza geológica da ocorrência e viabilidade económica para o aproveitamento dos Berilos" True Blue" de Licungo, Zambézia, Moçambique (Doctoral dissertation Universidade do Minho). |
P.M. Kartashov data | |
v. Knorring, O. V., Sahama, Th.G. (1969): Scandian ixiolite from Mozambique and Madagascar. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland. 41: 75-77 | |
Myanmar | |
| Myint, A.Z., Yonezu, K., Boyce, A.J, Selby, D., Scherstén, A., Tindell, T., Watanabe, K., Swe, Y.M. (2018): Stable isotope and geochronological study of the Mawchi Sn-W deposit, Myan-mar: Implications for timing of mineralization and ore genesis. Ore Geology Reviews 95, 663-679. |
Namibia | |
| http://www.mineral.tu-freiberg.de/econgeology/lehre/namibia/snlipegm/snlipegm_2_4.html |
| Bezing, L. von, Bode, R. & Jahn, S. (2007): Namibia. Mineralien und Fundstellen. Edition Schloss Freudenstein, Bode Verlag, Haltern: 417 (in English). |
Bezing, L. von, Bode, R. & Jahn, S. (2007): Namibia. Mineralien und Fundstellen. Edition Schloss Freudenstein, Bode Verlag, Haltern: 417 (in English). | |
Norway | |
| Larsen, K. E. (2018): Noen funn av mineraler i Norge 2017 - 2018. Norsk Mineralsymposium 2018: 105-114 |
| Bergstøl, S. & Juve, G. (1988): Scandian ixiolite, pyrochlore and bazzite in granite pegmatite in Tørdal, Telemark, Norway. A contribution to the mineralogy and geochemistry of scandium and tin. Mineral. Petrol., 38, 229-243; Raade, G. & Kristiansen, R. (2000a): Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrifter. 17, 19-25 |
Peter Andresen collection. | |
Pakistan | |
| Dudley Blauwet, Bill Smith and Carol Smith (2004) Table of mineral localities of the northern areas of Pakistan and other selected sites. (in "Pakistan: Minerals, Mountains & Majesty", Lapis International, East Hampton, Connecticut); Dudley Blauwet, Bill Smith and Carol Smith (2004) Table of mineral localities of the northern areas of Pakistan and other selected sites. (in "Pakistan: Minerals, Mountains & Majesty", Lapis International, East Hampton, Connecticut) |
Poland | |
| PIECZKA et al. 2010: Nb-Ta minerals in pegmatites in the DSS mine at Piława Górna, Góry Sowie Block, southwestern Poland. Mineralogia - Special Papers, 37. |
Szuszkiewicz, A., Szełęg, E., Pieczka, A., Ilnicki, S., Nejbert, K., Turniak, K., ... & Michałowski, P. (2013) The Julianna pegmatite vein system at the Piława Górna Mine, Góry Sowie Block, SW Poland–preliminary data on geology and descriptive mineralogy. Geological Quarterly, 2013, 57 (3): 000–000; Pieczka, A., Łodziński, M., Szełęg, E., Ilnicki, S.S., Nejbert, K., Szuszkiewicz, A., Turniak, K., Banach, M., Michałowski, P. & Różniak, R. (2012) the Sowie Mts. Pegmatites (Lower Silesia, Sw Poland): A Current Knowledge. Mineralogica-Petrographica, 94, 105. Abstract Series, Szeged, Vol. 7 | |
| Matyszczak, W. (2018). Liandratite from Karkonosze pegmatites, Sudetes, Southwestern Poland. Mineralogy and Petrology, 1-14. |
Matyszczak, W. (2018). Liandratite from Karkonosze pegmatites, Sudetes, Southwestern Poland. Mineralogy and Petrology, 1-14. | |
Matyszczak, W. (2018). Liandratite from Karkonosze pegmatites, Sudetes, Southwestern Poland. Mineralogy and Petrology, 1-14. | |
Matyszczak, W. (2018). Liandratite from Karkonosze pegmatites, Sudetes, Southwestern Poland. Mineralogy and Petrology, 1-14. | |
Matyszczak, W. (2018). Liandratite from Karkonosze pegmatites, Sudetes, Southwestern Poland. Mineralogy and Petrology, 1-14. | |
| Matyszczak, W. (2018). Liandratite from Karkonosze pegmatites, Sudetes, Southwestern Poland. Mineralogy and Petrology, 1-14. |
Portugal | |
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| Antunes, I. M. H. R., Neiva, A. M. R., Ramos, J. M. F., Silva, P. B., Silva, M. M. V. G., & Corfu, F. (2013). Petrogenetic links between lepidolite-subtype aplite-pegmatite, aplite veins and associated granites at Segura (central Portugal). Chemie der Erde-Geochemistry, 73(3), 323-341. |
| Moura, A., Dória, A., Neiva, A. M. R., Gomes, C. L., & Creaser, R. A. (2014). Metallogenesis at the Carris W–Mo–Sn deposit (Gerês, Portugal): constraints from fluid inclusions, mineral geochemistry, Re–Os and He–Ar isotopes. Ore Geology Reviews, 56, 73-93. |
| International Geological Congress (2008) MRD-06 Geology and geoeconomical potential of pegmatite deposits: A case study |
Romania | |
| http://minerals-of-the-carpathians.eu |
| Udubașa, G., Ďud'a, R., Szakáll, S., Kvasnytsya, V., Koszowska, E., Novák, M. (2002): Minerals of the Carpathians (Szakáll, S., ed.). Granit, Prague, Czech Rep., 482 pp. Hîrtopanu, P. (1997): Tolovanu manganese mine. In: Nedelcu, L., Moga, C., Podasca, I., Hirtopanu, P. (Eds.), Crystalline zone of the East Carpathians (Northern Bistrița Mts.): Structure, lithostratigraphy, metamorphism and metallogeny. Valea Putnei-Valea Bistriței. Romanian Journal of Mineralogy: 78 (Suppl. 2): 25-34 |
Russia | |
| Kurguzova, A. V., Smirnov, S. Z., Klyukin, Y. I., & Karmanov, N. S. (2014). Bi-rich fluid inclusions in quartz from zwitter related to Li-F granite in the Severny pluton, Chukchi Peninsula: An insight into bismuth behavior during greisenization process. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56(8), 629-636. |
| Alekseev, V. I., & Marin, Y. B. (2015). Composition and evolution of accessory mineralization of Li–F granites in the Far East as indicators of their ore potential. Geology of Ore Deposits, 57(8), 635-644. |
| P.M. Kartashov data; Makagon, V. (2007) Evolution of Nb, Ta-oxide mineralization in rare-metal pegmatites of the East Sayan belt, Siberia, Russia. in Granitic Pegmatites: The State of the Art – International Symposium. 06th – 12th May 2007, Porto, Portugal. pp 46-47; USGS Open File Report 2005-1252 p38 |
| Alekseev, V. I., & Marin, Y. B. (2015). Composition and evolution of accessory mineralization of Li–F granites in the Far East as indicators of their ore potential. Geology of Ore Deposits, 57(8), 635-644. |
| dan weinrich |
| Gonevchuk, V. G., Korostelev, P. G., & Semenyak, B. I. (2005). Genesis of the Tigrinoe tin deposit (Russia). Geology Of Ore Deposits C/C Of Geologiia Rudnykh Mestorozhdenii, 47(3), 223. |
| Alekseev, V. I., & Marin, Y. B. (2015). Composition and evolution of accessory mineralization of Li–F granites in the Far East as indicators of their ore potential. Geology of Ore Deposits, 57(8), 635-644. |
| Ginzburg A.I. e.a. (1969) Zapiski VMO, v.98, N1, pp. 63-73.(in Rus.). |
| Fialova, D., Kremplova, M., Hynek, D., Konecna, M., Kaiser, J., Malina, R., ... & Adam, V. (2013). Sosedka Pegmatite Metal Ions Composition Determined by Voltammetry. Int. J. Electrochem. Sci, 8, 7853-7867. |
[MinRec 32:44] | |
Badanina, E.V., Gordienko, V.V., Wiechowski, A., and Friedrich, G. (2008): Geology of ore Deposits 50(8), 772-781. | |
Rwanda | |
| Daltry, V.D.C. and von Knorring, O. (1998) Type-mineralogy of Rwanda with particular reference to the Buranga pegmatite. Geologica Belgica: 1: 9-15. |
Saudi Arabia | |
| Küster, D. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 68-86.; Bokhari, M. M., Jackson, N. J., & Al Oweidi, K. (1986). Geology and mineralization of the Jabal Umm Al Suqian albitized apogranite, southern Najd region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Journal of African Earth Sciences (1983), 4, 189-198. |
Slovakia | |
| Uher, P. ,Černý, P., 1998 : Vzácnoprvková mineralizácia v granitových pegmatitoch Nízkych Tatier. Mineralia Slovaca, 30, 2,93 – 94 |
| Uher, P., Žitňan, P. & Ozdín, D. (2006) Compositional Variations Of Pegmatite Nb-ta Mineral Assemblage From The Limbach Area, Malé Karpaty Mts., Slovakia. Acta Miner.-Petrograph.,Abstract Series 5, Szeged, p.125; Uher, P., & Zitnan, P. (2007). Pegmatitic Nb-Ta oxide minerals in alluvial placers from Limbach, Bratislava Massif, Western Carpathians, Slovakia: compositional variations and evolutionary trend. Journal of Geosciences, 52(1-2), 133-141. |
| Uher P., Žitňan P., Ozdín D., 2007: Pegmatitic Nb-Ta oxide minerals in alluvial placers from Limbach, Bratislava Massif, Western Carpathians, Slovakia: compositional variations and evolutionary trend. Journal of Geosciences, 52, 1-2, 133-141. |
| Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590k |
| Uher P., 2000: Stibiotantalit v pegmatite Sb ložiska Dúbrava - produkt hydrotermálnej alterácie kolumbitu-tantalitu. Min.Slovaca, Bratislava, 32, 109-114 |
Sweden | |
| Gustafsson, L., Langhof, J., Otter, B. (2001). Stora Vika kalkstensbrott. Berg & Mineral, 11(32), 23-29 |
| Diederik Visser photo |
| Otter, B. (1989): Ixiolit från Gundlabo, Väne Ryr.. Stuffen (Medlemsblad för Södertörn Amatörgeologiska Sällskap). Nr 39, nov 1989, 17 |
Tajikistan | |
| Mirakov M.A., Pautov L.A., Shodibekov M.A., Plechov P.Yu., Karpenko V.Yu. (2018) A new scandim-bearing variety of tusionite from Eastern Pamir (Tajikistan), - Zapiski VMO, №4, pp. 84-96 (in Rus.). |
| Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow |
Thailand | |
| Econ Geol (1995) 90:603-615 |
Suwimonprecha, P., Černý, P., Friedrich, G. (1995) Rare Metal Mineralization Related to Granites and Pegmatites, Phuket, Thailand. Economic Geology, 90(3), 603-615. | |
Econ Geol (1995) 90:603-615 | |
| Eur. J. Mineral. , 1993, 5, pp. 721-736. |
UK | |
| No reference listed |
Ukraine | |
| Lyckberg, P., Chornousenko, V. & Wilson, W. E. (2009): Volodarsk-Volynski, Zhitomir Oblast, Ukraine. Mineralogical Record, 40, 473-506. |
USA | |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. |
| AmMin 84:754-763 |
| Jarnot, Bruce M. (1989): Minerals New to the Portland Area Pegmatites of Central Connecticut. Abstract in: Contributed Papers in Specimen Mineralogy, 16th Rochester Mineralogical Symposium. Rocks & Minerals: 64(6): 471.; Schooner, Richard. (circa 1990), Untitled manuscript on central Connecticut mineralogy.; www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/ixiolite.pdf |
Former Richard Schooner collection | |
| Sharon Cisneros |
| Rocks & Minerals: 75(3): 156-169. |
| Self-Collected by Franklin Roberts |
| www.uwrf.edu/~wc01 |
Rocks & Min. (2007) 82:233 |
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Vez-Dara River Valley, Shakhdara Range, Shughnon, Gorno-Badakhshan, Tajikistan