Kanoite
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About Kanoite
Formula:
Mn2+(Mg,Mn2+)Si2O6
Colour:
pinkish brown
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
6
Specific Gravity:
3.66
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named in honor of Hiroshi Kano (加納 博教授) (9 September 1914, Tokyo, Japan - 5 June 2009), Professor of Petrology, Akita University, for "his geological and petrographical contributions to metamorphic rocks in Japan especially those forming the basement of the Japanese Islands."
Type Locality:
Dimorph of:
Classification of Kanoite
Approved
First published:
1977
8/F.01-30
9.DA.10
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
A : Inosilicates with 2-periodic single chains, Si2O6; pyroxene family
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
A : Inosilicates with 2-periodic single chains, Si2O6; pyroxene family
65.1.1.3
65 : INOSILICATES Single-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=1)
1 : Single-Width Unbranched Chains, W=1 with chains P=2
65 : INOSILICATES Single-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=1)
1 : Single-Width Unbranched Chains, W=1 with chains P=2
14.18.8
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
18 : Silicates of Mn and Na, K, Mg, Ca or Fe
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
18 : Silicates of Mn and Na, K, Mg, Ca or Fe
Physical Properties of Kanoite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
pinkish brown
Streak:
pale brown to white
Hardness:
6 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
{110}
{110}
Density:
3.66 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.60 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Kanoite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.715 nβ = 1.715 nγ = 1.728
2V:
Measured: 40° to 42°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.013

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Dispersion:
r > v
Chemical Properties of Kanoite
Formula:
Mn2+(Mg,Mn2+)Si2O6
IMA Formula:
MnMgSi2O6
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Al,Fe,Ca,Na,K
Crystallography of Kanoite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.73 Å, b = 8.93 Å, c = 5.26 Å
β = 108.56°
β = 108.56°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.09 : 1 : 0.589
Unit Cell V:
433.27 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Grains to 0.1mm
Twinning:
Polysynthetic twinning on {100} is common.
Comment:
Space group probable
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0000806 | Kanoite | Gordon W A, Peacor D R, Brown P E, Essene E J, Allard L F (1981) Exsolution relationship in a clinopyroxene of average composition Ca0.43Mn0.69Mg0.82Si2O6: X-ray diffraction and analytical electron microscopy American Mineralogist 66 127-141 | ![]() | 1981 | 0 | 293 | |
0002049 | Kanoite | Arlt T, Angel R J, Miletich R, Armbruster T, Peters T (1998) High-pressure P2_1/c-C2/c phase transitions in clinopyroxenes: Influence of cation size and electronic structure American Mineralogist 83 1176-1181 | ![]() | 1998 | 0 | 293 | |
0002050 | Kanoite | Arlt T, Angel R J, Miletich R, Armbruster T, Peters T (1998) High-pressure P2_1/c-C2/c phase transitions in clinopyroxenes: Influence of cation size and electronic structure American Mineralogist 83 1176-1181 | ![]() | 1998 | 5.2 | 293 | |
0006620 | Kanoite | Gnos E, Armbruster T, Nyfeler D (1996) Kanoite, donpeacorite and tirodite: Mn-Mg-silicates from a manganiferous quartzite in the United Arab Emirates European Journal of Mineralogy 8 251-261 | 1996 | manganiferous quartzite in the United Arab Emirates | 0 | 293 | |
0006698 | Kanoite | Arlt T, Armbruster T (1997) The temperature-dependent P2_1/c - C2/c phase transition in the clinopyroxene kanoite MnMg[Si2O6]: a single-crystal X-ray and optical study European Journal of Mineralogy 9 953-964 | 1997 | 0 | 473 | ||
0006699 | Kanoite | Arlt T, Armbruster T (1997) The temperature-dependent P2_1/c - C2/c phase transition in the clinopyroxene kanoite MnMg[Si2O6]: a single-crystal X-ray and optical study European Journal of Mineralogy 9 953-964 | 1997 | 0 | 543 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
Type Occurrence of Kanoite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Science Museum, Tokyo, Japan
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Seam cutting a pyroxmangite-cummingtonite metamorphic rock.
Reference:
Kobayashi, H. (1977) Kanoite, (Mn2+,Mg)2[Si2O6], a new clinopyroxene in the metamorphic rock from Tatehira, Oshima Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan. Chishitsugaku Zasshi: 83: 537-542.
Other Language Names for Kanoite
Relationship of Kanoite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Burnettite | CaVAlSiO6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Clinoenstatite | MgSiO3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Clinoferrosilite | Fe2+SiO3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Davisite | CaScAlSiO6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Esseneite | CaFe3+[AlSiO6] | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Grossmanite | CaTi3+ AlSiO6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Hedenbergite | CaFe2+Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Jadeite | Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6 | Mon. |
Jervisite | NaSc3+Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Johannsenite | CaMn2+Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Kosmochlor | NaCrSi2O6 | Mon. |
Kushiroite | CaAl[AlSiO6] | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Namansilite | NaMn3+Si2O6 | Mon. |
Natalyite | NaV3+Si2O6 | Mon. |
Omphacite | (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(AleFe3+fFe2+gMgh)Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m |
Petedunnite | Ca(Zn,Mn2+,Mg,Fe2+)Si2O6 | Mon. |
Pigeonite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Spodumene | LiAlSi2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Tissintite | (Ca,Na,◻)AlSi2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
UM2001-19-SiO:AlCaMgNa | (Na,Mg,Ca)(Mg,Al)Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
UM2003-36-SiO:CaNa | NaCrSi2O6 - CaMgSi2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
1 photo of Kanoite associated with Pyroxmangite | Mn2+SiO3 |
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping
9.DA. | Protoenstatite | Mg2Si2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
9.DA.05 | Donpeacorite | (Mn2+,Mg)Mg[SiO3]2 | Orth. |
9.DA.05 | Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca |
9.DA.05 | Ferrosilite | FeSiO3 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca |
9.DA.10 | Clinoenstatite | MgSiO3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
9.DA.10 | Clinoferrosilite | Fe2+SiO3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
9.DA.10 | Pigeonite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
9.DA.15 | Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
9.DA.15 | Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
9.DA.15 | Esseneite | CaFe3+[AlSiO6] | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
9.DA.15 | Hedenbergite | CaFe2+Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
9.DA.15 | Johannsenite | CaMn2+Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
9.DA.15 | Petedunnite | Ca(Zn,Mn2+,Mg,Fe2+)Si2O6 | Mon. |
9.DA.15 | Davisite | CaScAlSiO6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
9.DA.15 | Kushiroite | CaAl[AlSiO6] | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
9.DA.15 | Grossmanite | CaTi3+ AlSiO6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
9.DA.20 | Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
9.DA.20 | Omphacite | (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(AleFe3+fFe2+gMgh)Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m |
9.DA.25 | Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
9.DA.25 | Jadeite | Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6 | Mon. |
9.DA.25 | Jervisite | NaSc3+Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
9.DA.25 | Kosmochlor | NaCrSi2O6 | Mon. |
9.DA.25 | Namansilite | NaMn3+Si2O6 | Mon. |
9.DA.25 | Natalyite | NaV3+Si2O6 | Mon. |
9.DA.30 | Spodumene | LiAlSi2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Related Minerals - Dana Grouping (8th Ed.)
65.1.1.1 | Clinoenstatite | MgSiO3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
65.1.1.2 | Clinoferrosilite | Fe2+SiO3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
65.1.1.2 | Eliseevite | LiNa1.5Ti2(H1.5Si4O12)O2 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
65.1.1.4 | Pigeonite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals Grouping
14.18.1 | Nambulite | LiMn2+4Si5O14(OH) | Tric. |
14.18.2 | Natronambulite | (Na,Li)(Mn,Ca)4Si5O14OH | Tric. |
14.18.3 | Zakharovite | Na4Mn5Si10O24(OH)6 · 6H2O | Trig. |
14.18.4 | Norrishite | KLiMn3+2(Si4O10)O2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
14.18.5 | Shafranovskite | Na3K2(Mn,Fe,Na)4[Si9(O,OH)27](OH)2 · nH2O | Trig. |
14.18.6 | Abswurmbachite | CuMn3+6(SiO4)O8 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/acd |
14.18.7 | Donpeacorite | (Mn2+,Mg)Mg[SiO3]2 | Orth. |
14.18.9 | Caryopilite | Mn2+3Si2O5(OH)4 | Mon. |
14.18.10 | Gonyerite | (Mn2+,Mg)5Fe3+(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH)8 | Orth. |
14.18.11 | Tirodite | ||
14.18.12 | Manganhumite | (Mn2+,Mg)7(SiO4)3(OH)2 | Orth. |
14.18.13 | Bustamite | CaMn2+(Si2O6) | Tric. 1 : P1 |
14.18.14 | Glaucochroite | CaMn2+SiO4 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
14.18.15 | Truscottite | (Ca,Mn)14Si24O58(OH)8 · 2H2O | Trig. |
14.18.16 | Santaclaraite | CaMn4[Si5O14OH](OH) · H2O | Tric. |
14.18.17 | Ferrobustamite | CaFe2+(Si2O6) | Tric. |
14.18.18 | Johannsenite | CaMn2+Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
14.18.19 | Neltnerite | CaMn3+6(SiO4)O8 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/acd |
14.18.20 | Orlymanite | Ca4Mn3Si8O20(OH)6 · 2H2O | Hex. |
14.18.21 | Inesite | Ca2(Mn,Fe)7Si10O28(OH)2 · 5H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
14.18.22 | Orientite | Ca8Mn3+10(SiO4)3(Si3O10)3(OH)10 · 4H2O | Orth. |
14.18.23 | Ruizite | Ca2Mn3+2[Si4O11(OH)2](OH)2 · 2H2O | Mon. 2 |
14.18.24 | Bostwickite | CaMn3+6Si3O16 · 7H2O | Orth. |
14.18.25 | Kittatinnyite | Ca2Mn2Mn(SiO4)2(OH)4 · 9H2O | Hex. |
14.18.26 | Lithiomarsturite | LiCa2Mn2Si5O14(OH) | Tric. |
14.18.27 | Serandite | NaMn2+2Si3O8(OH) | Tric. 1 : P1 |
14.18.28 | Kvanefjeldite | Na4(Ca,Mn)(Si3O7)2(OH)2 | Orth. |
14.18.29 | Marsturite | NaCaMn3Si5O14(OH) | Tric. 1 : P1 |
14.18.30 | Raite | Na4Mn2+3Ti0.25Si8O20(OH)2 · 10H2O | Orth. 2 2 2 : C2 2 2 |
14.18.31 | Richterite | {Na}{NaCa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
14.18.32 | Byelorussite-(Ce) | NaBa2Ce2MnTi2[Si4O12]2O2(F,OH) · H2O | Orth. mm2 : Ama2 |
14.18.33 | Deerite | (Fe,Mn)6(Fe,Al)3[Si6O17]O3(OH)5 | Mon. |
14.18.34 | Calderite | Mn2+3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 | Iso. |
14.18.35 | Pyroxmangite | Mn2+SiO3 | Tric. 1 |
14.18.36 | Dannemorite | ◻{Mn2+2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | |
14.18.37 | Neotocite | (Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO3 · H2O | Amor. |
14.18.38 | Babingtonite | Ca2(Fe,Mn)FeSi5O14(OH) | Tric. 1 : P1 |
14.18.39 | Manganbabingtonite | Ca2(Mn,Fe)FeSi5O14(OH) | Tric. |
14.18.40 | Örebroite | Mn2+3(Sb5+,Fe3+)(SiO4)(O,OH)3 | Hex. |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
References for Kanoite
Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Clark, J.R., Appleman, D.E., Papike, J.J. (1969) Crystal-chemical characterization of clinopyroxenes based on eight new structure refinements. MSA Special Paper: 2: 31-50.
Kobayashi, H. (1977) Kanoite, (Mn2+,Mg)2[Si2O6], a new clinopyroxene in the metamorphic rock from Tatehira, Oshima Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan. Chishitsugaku Zasshi: 83: 537-542.
Fleischer, M., Cabri, L.J. (1978) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 63: 595.
Morimoto, N. (1989) Nomenclature of pyroxenes. The Canadian Mineralogist: 27: 143-156.
Gnos, E., Armbruster, T., Nyfeler, D. (1996): Kanoite, donpeacorite and tirodite: Mn-Mg-silicates from a manganiferous quartzite in the United Arab Emirates. European Journal of Mineralogy 8, 251-261.
Internet Links for Kanoite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2154.html
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Localities for Kanoite
Locality List




All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Birch, W. D., ed. (1999): The minerals of Broken Hill. Broken Hill City Council and Museum of Victoria, Broken Hill, Australia, 289 pp. |
Finland | |
| Heikkilä, Pasi 2003. Vittinki-ryhmän metaserttien geologia ja mineralogia Etelä-Pohjanmaalla. Pro gradu, matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta, Geologian laitos. Helsingin Yliopisto. |
Japan (TL) | |
| Kobayashi, H. (1977): Kanoite, (Mn2+,Mg)2[Si2O6], a new clinopyroxene in the metamorphic rock from Tatehira, Oshima Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan. Chishitsugaku Zasshi 83, 537-542.; Tomohiro Morishita, Hiroharu Mastueda (2011) Mineral assemblage and genesis of the Tatehira manganese ore deposit, Southeast Hokkaido, Japan. Abstracts for Annual Meeting of Japan Association of Mineralogical Sciences 2011 Session ID: R1-P22 |
| Gunnar Färber specimens. |
Russia | |
| Kazachenko, V. T., Perevoznikova, E. V., Miroshnichenko, N. V., Karabtsov, A. A., & Solyanik, V. A. (2006, July). Metalliferous sediments of the Triassic cherty formation in the Ol’ga ore district of primorye: Tin-noble metal ores of a new genetic type. In Doklady earth sciences (Vol. 409, No. 2, pp. 847-852). MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica. |
Sweden | |
| Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data 2018, Ulf Nyberg material |
United Arab Emirates | |
| European Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 9 , 953-964 |
USA | |
| NY State Museum spec. no. 13664 |
Tatehira mine, Kumaishi, Yakumo, Futami District, Oshima Subprefecture, Hokkaidō Prefecture, Japan