Landesite
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About Landesite
Formula:
Mn2+3-xFe3+x(PO4)2(OH)x · (3-x)H2O
Colour:
red brown; yellowish brown in transmitted light
Lustre:
Sub-Vitreous, Greasy
Hardness:
3 - 3½
Specific Gravity:
3.21
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
In honor of Kenneth Knight Landes (10 May 1899, Seattle Washington, USA - 21 November 1981, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA), Professor of Geology, University of Michigan, who extensively studied the pegmatites of Maine, USA and established modern ideas of granite pegmatite paragenesis in 1925.
Type Locality:
Isostructural with:
Occurs as an alteration product of ferroan reddingite.
Compare the chemically closely related correianevesite.
Compare the chemically closely related correianevesite.
Classification of Landesite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
7/D.03-20
8.CC.05
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
C : With only medium-sized cations, RO4:H2O = 1:1.5
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
C : With only medium-sized cations, RO4:H2O = 1:1.5
40.3.2.4
40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
3 : A3(XO4)2·xH2O
40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
3 : A3(XO4)2·xH2O
19.12.18
19 : Phosphates
12 : Phosphates of Mn
19 : Phosphates
12 : Phosphates of Mn
Physical Properties of Landesite
Sub-Vitreous, Greasy
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
red brown; yellowish brown in transmitted light
Hardness:
3 - 3½ on Mohs scale
Hardness Data:
Measured
Cleavage:
Perfect
On {010}, perfect; one poor at right angles to the perfect cleavage.
On {010}, perfect; one poor at right angles to the perfect cleavage.
Density:
3.21 g/cm3 (Measured)
Optical Data of Landesite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.720 nβ = 1.728 nγ = 1.735
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.015

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Dispersion:
r < v moderate
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X (┴ to the inferior cleavage) = Dark brown
Y = Light brown
Z (┴ to the best cleavage) = Yellow
Y = Light brown
Z (┴ to the best cleavage) = Yellow
Chemical Properties of Landesite
Formula:
Mn2+3-xFe3+x(PO4)2(OH)x · (3-x)H2O
IMA Formula:
Mn2+9Fe3+3(PO4)8(OH)3 · 9H2O
Crystallography of Landesite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.43 Å, b = 10.17 Å, c = 8.47 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.927 : 1 : 0.833
Unit Cell V:
812.30 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Dipyramidal
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0014472 | Landesite | Moore P B, Araki T, Kampf A R (1980) Nomenclature of the phosphoferrite structure type: refinements of landesite and kryzhanovskite Mineralogical Magazine 43 789-795 | ![]() | 1980 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
Type Occurrence of Landesite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Granite pegmatite
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Other Language Names for Landesite
Relationship of Landesite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Correianevesite | Fe2+Mn2+2(PO4)2 · 3H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
Garyansellite | (Mg,Fe)3(PO4)2(OH,O) · 1.5H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
Kryzhanovskite | (Fe3+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2(OH,H2O)3 | Orth. |
Phosphoferrite | (Fe2+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna |
Reddingite | (Mn2+,Fe2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna |
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping
8.CC. | Correianevesite | Fe2+Mn2+2(PO4)2 · 3H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
8.CC.05 | Garyansellite | (Mg,Fe)3(PO4)2(OH,O) · 1.5H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
8.CC.05 | Kryzhanovskite | (Fe3+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2(OH,H2O)3 | Orth. |
8.CC.05 | Phosphoferrite | (Fe2+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna |
8.CC.05 | Reddingite | (Mn2+,Fe2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna |
8.CC.10 | Kaatialaite | Fe(H2AsO4)3 · 5H2O | Mon. 2/m |
8.CC.15 | Leogangite | Cu10(AsO4)4(SO4)(OH)6 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Related Minerals - Dana Grouping (8th Ed.)
40.3.2.1 | Phosphoferrite | (Fe2+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna |
40.3.2.2 | Kryzhanovskite | (Fe3+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2(OH,H2O)3 | Orth. |
40.3.2.3 | Reddingite | (Mn2+,Fe2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna |
40.3.2.5 | Garyansellite | (Mg,Fe)3(PO4)2(OH,O) · 1.5H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals Grouping
19.12.1 | Metaswitzerite | Mn2+3(PO4)2 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
19.12.2 | Bermanite | Mn2+Mn3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
19.12.3 | Natrophilite | NaMn2+PO4 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna |
19.12.4 | Sidorenkite | Na3Mn2+(CO3)(PO4) | Mon. |
19.12.5 | Niahite | (NH4)(Mn2+,Mg)(PO4) · H2O | Orth. mm2 : Pmn21 |
19.12.6 | Robertsite | Ca2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O | Mon. m : Bb |
19.12.7 | Pararobertsite | Ca2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
19.12.8 | Sinkankasite | Mn2+Al(PO3OH)2(OH) · 6H2O | Tric. |
19.12.9 | Mangangordonite | Mn2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O | Tric. |
19.12.10 | Heterosite | (Fe3+,Mn3+)PO4 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna |
19.12.11 | Purpurite | Mn3+(PO4) | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna |
19.12.12 | Wolfeite | Fe2+2(PO4)(OH) | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
19.12.13 | Triploidite | Mn2+2(PO4)(OH) | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
19.12.14 | Lipscombite | Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 | Tet. |
19.12.15 | Frondelite | Mn2+Fe3+4(PO4)3(OH)5 | Orth. 2 2 2 : C2 2 21 |
19.12.16 | Rockbridgeite | Fe2+Fe3+4(PO4)3(OH)5 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
19.12.17 | Kryzhanovskite | (Fe3+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2(OH,H2O)3 | Orth. |
19.12.19 | Phosphoferrite | (Fe2+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna |
19.12.20 | Reddingite | (Mn2+,Fe2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna |
19.12.21 | Earlshannonite | Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O | Mon. |
19.12.22 | Hureaulite | Mn2+5(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
19.12.23 | Switzerite | Mn2+3(PO4)2 · 7H2O | Mon. |
19.12.24 | Laueite | Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
19.12.25 | Pseudolaueite | Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
19.12.26 | Strunzite | Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
19.12.27 | Stewartite | Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
19.12.28 | Alluaudite | (Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3 | Mon. |
19.12.29 | Ferroalluaudite | (Na,Ca)Fe2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
19.12.30 | Fillowite | Na3CaMn2+11(PO4)9 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
19.12.31 | Johnsomervilleite | Na3CaFe11(PO4)9 | Trig. |
19.12.32 | Wicksite | NaCa2(Fe2+,Mn2+)4MgFe3+(PO4)6 · 2H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
19.12.33 | Dickinsonite-(KMnNa) | (KNa)(Mn2+◻)Ca(Na2Na)Mn2+13Al(PO4)11(PO4)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
19.12.34 | Sarcopside | (Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)3(PO4)2 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
19.12.35 | Ludlamite | Fe2+3(PO4)2 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
19.12.36 | Graftonite | Fe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
19.12.37 | Wilhelmvierlingite | CaMnFe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O | Orth. |
19.12.38 | Fairfieldite | Ca2Mn2+(PO4)2 · 2H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
19.12.39 | Beusite | Mn2+Mn2+2 (PO4)2 | Mon. |
19.12.40 | Messelite | Ca2Fe2+(PO4)2 · 2H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
19.12.41 | Jahnsite-(CaMnFe) | {Ca}{Mn2+}{Fe2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
19.12.42 | Jahnsite-(CaMnMn) | {Ca}{Mn2+}{Mn2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
19.12.43 | Jahnsite-(CaMnMg) | {Ca}{Mn2+}{(Mg,Fe2+)2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
19.12.44 | Keckite | CaMn2+(Fe3+Mn2+)Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)3 · 7H2O | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
19.12.45 | Stanfieldite | Ca4Mg5(PO4)6 | Mon. |
19.12.46 | Laubmannite | ||
19.12.47 | Zodacite | Ca4Mn2+Fe3+4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2O | Mon. |
19.12.48 | Hagendorfite | NaCaMn2+Fe2+2(PO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
19.12.49 | Maghagendorfite | (Na,◻)MgMn2+(Fe2+,Fe3+)2(PO4)3 | Mon. |
19.12.50 | Varulite | NaCaMn2+Mn2+2(PO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
19.12.51 | Griphite | Na4Li2Ca6(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)19Al8(PO4)24(F,OH)8 | Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3 |
19.12.52 | Attakolite | CaMn2+Al4(SiO3OH)(PO4)3(OH)4 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
19.12.53 | Arrojadite-(KFe) | (KNa)(Fe2+◻)Ca(Na2◻)Fe2+13Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH)2 | Mon. |
19.12.54 | Lun'okite | (Mn,Ca)(Mg,Fe,Mn)Al(PO4)2OH · 4H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca |
19.12.55 | Eosphorite | Mn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmca |
19.12.56 | Ernstite | (Mn2+,Fe3+)Al(PO4)(OH,O)2 · H2O | Mon. |
19.12.57 | Childrenite | Fe2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O | Orth. mm2 : Ccc2 |
19.12.58 | Bobfergusonite | Na2Mn5FeAl(PO4)6 | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
19.12.59 | Qingheiite | NaMn3+Mg(Al,Fe3+)(PO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
19.12.60 | Whiteite-(CaFeMg) | {Ca}{(Fe2+,Mn2+)}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
19.12.61 | Whiteite-(CaMnMg) | {Ca}{Mn2+}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m |
19.12.62 | Whiteite-(MnFeMg) | {(Mn2+,Ca)}{(Fe2+,Mn2+)}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
19.12.63 | Rittmannite | {(Mn2+,Ca)}{Mn2+}{(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)2}{(Al,Fe3+)2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O | Mon. |
19.12.64 | Zanazziite | Ca2Mg5Be4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 6H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
19.12.65 | Samuelsonite | (Ca,Ba)Ca8Fe2+2Mn2+2Al2(PO4)10(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
References for Landesite
Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Berman, H., Gonyer, F.A. (1930) Pegmatite minerals in Poland, Maine. American Mineralogist: 15: 375-387.
Palache, C., Berman, H., Frondel, C. (1951) The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 729-730.
Moore, P.B. (1964) Investigations of landesite. American Mineralogist: 49: 1122-1125.
Moore, P.B., Araki, T., Kampf, A.R. (1980) Nomenclature of the phosphoferrite structure type: refinements of landesite and kryzhanovskite. Mineralogical Magazine: 43: 789-795.
Dyar, M.D., Jawin, E.R., Breves, E., Marchand, G., Nelms, M., Lane, M.D., Mertzman, S.A., Bish, D.L., Bishop, J.L. (2014) Mössbauer parameters of iron in phosphate minerals: Implications for interpretation of martian data. American Mineralogist: 99: 914-942.
Internet Links for Landesite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2318.html
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Localities for Landesite
Locality List




All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Brazil | |
| Tom Loomis |
Bulgaria | |
| Kunov, A. & Mandova, E. (1997): Supergene minerals of the Obichnik Au-Ag deposit (Eastern Rhodopes). Spisanie na Bulgarskoto Geologichesko Druzhestvo 58, 19-24. (in Bulgarian) |
Germany | |
| Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990 |
http://www.berthold-weber.de/h_miner.htm | |
Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001; Dill, H. G., Weber, B., Gerdes, A., & Melcher, F. (2008). The Fe-Mn phosphate apliteSilbergrube'near Waidhaus, Germany: epithermal phosphate mineralization in the Hagendorf-Pleystein pegmatite province. Mineralogical Magazine, 72(5), 1119-1144. | |
Namibia | |
| Von Bezing, L., Bode, R., and Jahn, S., (2008) Namibia Minerals and Localities. Edition Schloss Freudenstein, Bode Verlag GmbH, Haltern. 636 pp (in English). |
Poland | |
| Włodek, A., Grochowina, A., Gołębiowska, B., Pieczka, A. (2015): A phosphate-bearing pegmatite from Lutomia and its relationships to other pegmatites of the Góry Sowie Block, southwestern Poland. Journal of Geosciences: 60: 45-72 |
| Pieczka, A., Włodek, A., Gołębiowska, B., Szełęg, E., Szuszkiewicz, A., Ilnicki, S., Nejbert, K., Turniak, K. (2015): Phosphate-bearing pegmatites in the Góry Sowie Block and adjacent areas, Sudetes, SW Poland. 7th International Symposium on Granitic Pegmatites, PEG 2015 Książ, Poland. Abstracts: 77-78 |
Rwanda | |
| Daltry, V.D.C. and von Knorring, O. (1998) Type-mineralogy of Rwanda with particular reference to the Buranga pegmatite. Geologica Belgica: 1: 9-15. |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 249. |
USA | |
| Januzzi (1994) Mineral Data Book |
| Mineralogy of Maine,Vol 2: Mining History, Gems, and Geology. By King & Mineral News Vol. 12 No. 5 May 1996 By Douglas Watts |
| King, V. T. and Foord, E. E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, Descriptive Mineralogy, volume 1, Maine Geological Survey, Augusta, Maine, USA, pp. 418 + 88 plates. |
| No reference listed |
| Mineralogical Record (1991) 22:381-393; Falster, A. U., Simmons, W. B., Webber, K. L., Dallaire, D. A., Nizamoff, J. W., & Sprague, R. A. (2019). The Emmons Pegmatite, Greenwood, Oxford County, Maine. Rocks & Minerals, 94(6), 498-519. |
| original reference lost; listed in King & Foord, 1994: Mineralogy of Maine, V.1 |
| Morrill, 1960. NH Mines and Minerals Localities, 2nd ed. |
Hagendorf South Pegmatite, Hagendorf, Waidhaus, Neustadt an der Waldnaab District, Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, Germany