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Lausenite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About LauseniteHide

Formula:
Fe2(SO4)3 · 5H2O
Formerly thought to be Fe2(SO4)3·6H2O.
Colour:
White; colourless in transmitted light.
Lustre:
Silky
Specific Gravity:
2.49 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named by Gurdon Montague Butler in 1928 in honor of Carl B. Lausen (1889 - ?), Mining Engineer, United Verde Mining Company, Arizona, who first discovered the mineral. He described it as rogersite, but that name was previously used elsewhere, so the species was quickly renamed to lausenite (Butler 1928).
The only "natural" occurrences of this species are mine fires; therefore, by the current rules, it would not be eligible for consideration as a species in view of its anthropogenic origin (05.03.2020 edit: no longer a case due to new IMA proposal approved). Although the environment is man-made, this is not necessarily true for the mineral-forming processes.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
2345
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2345:6
GUID
(UUID V4):
44356e58-a0c2-4e10-931f-7fe127107e02

IMA Classification of LauseniteHide

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Fe3+2(SO4)3 · 5H2O
First published:
1928

Classification of LauseniteHide

7.CB.70

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations
29.8.1.1

29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
8 : A2(XO4)3·H2O
25.10.7

25 : Sulphates
10 : Sulphates of Fe alone

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
LseIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of LauseniteHide

Silky
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
White; colourless in transmitted light.
Streak:
White
Density:
2.49 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of LauseniteHide

Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.548 - 1.598 nβ = 1.628(5) nγ = 1.600 - 1.654
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.052 - 0.056
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r < v weak

Chemistry of LauseniteHide

Mindat Formula:
Fe2(SO4)3 · 5H2O

Formerly thought to be Fe2(SO4)3·6H2O.

Crystallography of LauseniteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.679(2) Å, b = 11.053(3) Å, c = 5.567(1) Å
β = 98.89(1)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.966 : 1 : 0.504
Unit Cell V:
654 ų
Z:
2
Morphology:
Lumpy aggregates of minute fibers. Fibers elongated parallel to c.

Forms include {111}, {211}, {311}, {301}, {053}, {100}, {010}, {110}, and {210}.
Comment:
Data for type specimen. Synthetic material gives similar values.

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0003736LauseniteMajzlan J, Botez C, Stephens P W (2005) The crystal structures of synthetics Fe2(SO4)3(H2O)5 and the type specimen of lausenite American Mineralogist 90 411-41620050293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
3.52 Å(100)
3.38 Å(100)
2.065 Å(60)
3.03 Å(50)
2.85 Å(50)
5.555 Å(40)
4.82 Å(30)
Comments:
Velikomostov-2 mine, Ukraine.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals]
47b : [Sulfates and sulfites]
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere<0.6
50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals<0.36
Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals<10 Ka
54 : Coal and other mine fire minerals (see also #51 and #56)

Type Occurrence of LauseniteHide

General Appearance of Type Material:
Crusts lining cavities of crushed rocks and also as small tufts of radiating crystals. Crystals are slender prisms elongated parallel to the c axis and rich in forms.

Place of Conservation of Type Material:
University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA, number M53.
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, number 90537.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Burning pyritic ore body.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Synonyms of LauseniteHide

Other Language Names for LauseniteHide

German:Lausenit
Spanish:Lausenita

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
1 photo of Lausenite associated with CopiapiteFe2+Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
1 photo of Lausenite associated with HohmanniteFe3+2(SO4)2O · 8H2O
1 photo of Lausenite associated with RömeriteFe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 14H2O
1 photo of Lausenite associated with ParacoquimbiteFe4(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

7.CB.02VoudourisiteCdSO4 · H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
7.CB.05DwornikiteNi(SO4) · H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
7.CB.05GunningiteZnSO4 · H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
7.CB.05KieseriteMgSO4 · H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
7.CB.05Poitevinite(Cu,Fe)SO4 · H2OTric. 1 : P1
7.CB.05SzmikiteMnSO4 · H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
7.CB.05SzomolnokiteFeSO4 · H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
7.CB.05CobaltkieseriteCoSO4 · H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
7.CB.07SanderiteMgSO4 · 2H2OOrth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21
7.CB.10BonattiteCuSO4 · 3H2OMon. m : Bb
7.CB.12BelogubiteCuZn(SO4)2 · 10H2OTric. 1 : P1
7.CB.15Aplowite(Co,Mn,Ni)SO4 · 4H2OMon. 2/m
7.CB.15Boyleite(Zn,Mg)SO4 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
7.CB.15Ilesite(Mn,Zn,Fe)SO4 · 4H2OMon. 2/m
7.CB.15RozeniteFeSO4 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
7.CB.15StarkeyiteMgSO4 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
7.CB.15DrobeciteCdSO4 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
7.CB.15CranswickiteMgSO4 · 4H2OMon. m : Bb
7.CB.20ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2OTric. 1 : P1
7.CB.20JôkokuiteMnSO4 · 5H2OTric. 1 : P1
7.CB.20PentahydriteMgSO4 · 5H2OTric. 1 : P1
7.CB.20SiderotilFeSO4 · 5H2OTric.
7.CB.25BianchiteZn(SO4) · 6H2OMon. 2/m : P2/m
7.CB.25ChvaleticeiteMn(SO4) · 6H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
7.CB.25FerrohexahydriteFeSO4 · 6H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
7.CB.25HexahydriteMgSO4 · 6H2OMon. 2/m : P2/m
7.CB.25MoorhouseiteCo(SO4) · 6H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
7.CB.25NickelhexahydriteNi(SO4) · 6H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
7.CB.30RetgersiteNiSO4 · 6H2OTet. 4 2 2 : P41 21 2
7.CB.35BieberiteCoSO4 · 7H2OMon. 2/m : P2/m
7.CB.35BoothiteCuSO4 · 7H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
7.CB.35MallarditeMnSO4 · 7H2OMon. 2/m : P2/m
7.CB.35MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
7.CB.35Zincmelanterite(Zn,Cu,Fe)SO4 · 7H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
7.CB.35Alpersite(Mg,Cu)(SO4) · 7H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
7.CB.40EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2OOrth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21
7.CB.40GoslariteZnSO4 · 7H2OOrth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21
7.CB.40MorenositeNiSO4 · 7H2OOrth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21
7.CB.45AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2OTric. 1 : P1
7.CB.45Meta-alunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 12H2OOrth.
7.CB.50AluminocoquimbiteAl2Fe2(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2OTrig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3 1c
7.CB.50Lazaridisite3CdSO4 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
7.CB.52PararaisaiteCuMg[Te6+O4(OH)2] · 6H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
7.CB.55CoquimbiteAlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2OTrig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3 1c
7.CB.55ParacoquimbiteFe4(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2OTrig. 3 : R3
7.CB.55Rhomboclase(H5O2)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 2H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
7.CB.55RaisaiteCuMg[Te6+O4(OH)2] · 6H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
7.CB.57CaichengyuniteFe2+3Al2(SO4)6 · 30H2OMon.
7.CB.60KorneliteFe2(SO4)3 · 7H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
7.CB.65QuenstedtiteFe2(SO4)3 · 11H2OTric. 1 : P1
7.CB.75LishizheniteZnFe2(SO4)4 · 14H2OTric. 1 : P1
7.CB.75RömeriteFe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 14H2OTric. 1 : P1
7.CB.80RansomiteCuFe2(SO4)4 · 6H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
7.CB.85ApjohniteMn2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
7.CB.85BíliniteFe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 22H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
7.CB.85Dietrichite(Zn,Fe2+,Mn2+)Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
7.CB.85HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2OMon. 2 : P2
7.CB.85PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
7.CB.85Redingtonite(Fe2+,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)2(SO4)4 · 22H2OMon. 2
7.CB.85Wupatkiite(Co,Mg,Ni)Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
7.CB.90MeridianiiteMgSO4 · 11H2OTric. 1 : P1

Other InformationHide

Notes:
May be soluble in water.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for LauseniteHide

References for LauseniteHide

Reference List:

Localities for LauseniteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Chile
 
  • Antofagasta
    • Antofagasta Province
      • Sierra Gorda
Costa Rica
 
  • Cartago Province
    • Oreamuno Canton
      • Irazú Volcano
Germany
 
  • Thuringia
    • Saalfeld-Rudolstadt District
      • Lehesten
Romania
 
  • Maramureș County
    • Băiuț
Russia
 
  • Chelyabinsk Oblast
Ukraine
 
  • Lviv Oblast
    • L'viv-Volynskii Coal Basin (L'vov-Volynskii Coal Basin)
      • Chervonograd
USA (TL)
 
  • Arizona
    • Yavapai County
      • Black Hills (Black Hill Range)
        • Verde Mining District
          • Jerome
 
Mineral and/or Locality  
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