Anilite
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About Anilite
Formula:
Cu7S4
Colour:
Bluish-Grey
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
3
Specific Gravity:
5.68 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
For the type locality, Ani Mine, Japan.
All specimens studied by the authors of the original description contained some djurleite.
Note: Many of the reported associations of digenite and djurleite, identified by powder diffraction, could be anilite and djurleite, as anilite transforms to digenite during grinding (Goble, 1985).
If heated, anilite decomposes to high digenite and covellite above 70 +- 3°C (Morimoto & Koto, 1970).
Note: Many of the reported associations of digenite and djurleite, identified by powder diffraction, could be anilite and djurleite, as anilite transforms to digenite during grinding (Goble, 1985).
If heated, anilite decomposes to high digenite and covellite above 70 +- 3°C (Morimoto & Koto, 1970).
Classification of Anilite
Approved
First published:
1969
2/B.01-50
2.BA.10
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
B : Metal Sulfides, M: S > 1: 1 (mainly 2: 1)
A : With Cu, Ag, Au
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
B : Metal Sulfides, M: S > 1: 1 (mainly 2: 1)
A : With Cu, Ag, Au
2.4.7.5
2 : SULFIDES
4 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 2:1
2 : SULFIDES
4 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 2:1
3.1.4
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
1 : Sulphides etc. of Cu
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
1 : Sulphides etc. of Cu
Physical Properties of Anilite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Bluish-Grey
Streak:
Black
Hardness:
3 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Sectile
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
None observed
Comment:
Brittle
Density:
5.68 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Chemical Properties of Anilite
Formula:
Cu7S4
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Anilite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pnma
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.89 Å, b = 7.84 Å, c = 11.01 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.006 : 1 : 1.404
Unit Cell V:
681.05 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Prismatic or platy crystals to 5mm. Anilite cannot be identified using a powdered sample. Grinding transforms anilite to digenite (Morimoto, et. al., 1969).
Twinning:
Present; "neighboring twins".
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0009376 | Anilite | Koto K, Morimoto N (1970) The crystal structure of anilite Acta Crystallographica B26 915-924 | ![]() | 1970 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.36 Å | (20) |
3.32 Å | (17) |
3.20 Å | (57) |
2.77 Å | (65) |
2.75 Å | (6) |
2.69 Å | (14) |
2.59 Å | (29) |
2.54 Å | (31) |
2.39 Å | (10) |
2.16 Å | (39) |
2.13 Å | (15) |
2.05 Å | (5) |
1.956 Å | (100) |
1.873 Å | (10) |
1.847 Å | (3) |
1.677 Å | (35) |
Comments:
Morimoto, Nobuo, Koto,Kichiro, Shimazaki, Yoshihiko (1969) Anilite, Cu7S4, A New Mineral, American Mineralogist, v. 54, pp. 1256-1268.
Geological Environment
Geological Setting:
Hydrothermal copper ores.
Type Occurrence of Anilite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Prismatic or platy crystals to 5 mm
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Sakurai Museum, Tokyo, Japan
Reference:
Morimoto, N., Koto, K., Shimazaki, Y. (1969) Anilite, Cu7S4, a new mineral. American Mineralogist: 54: 1256-1269.
Synonyms of Anilite
Copper Sulphides (in part)
Other Language Names for Anilite
Common Associates
Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
Covellite | CuS |
Djurleite | Cu31S16 |
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping
2.BA. | Alburnite | Ag8GeTe2S4 | Iso. |
2.BA. | Dzierżanowskite | CaCu2S2 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1 |
2.BA.05 | Chalcocite | Cu2S | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
2.BA.05 | Djurleite | Cu31S16 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm |
2.BA.05 | Geerite | Cu8S5 | Trig. 3 |
2.BA.05 | Roxbyite | Cu9S5 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
2.BA.10 | Digenite | Cu9S5 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m |
2.BA.15 | Bornite | Cu5FeS4 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca |
2.BA.20 | Bellidoite | Cu2Se | Tet. 4/m : P42/n |
2.BA.20 | Berzelianite | Cu2Se | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m |
2.BA.25 | Athabascaite | Cu5Se4 | Orth. |
2.BA.25 | Umangite | Cu3Se2 | Tet. |
2.BA.30 | Rickardite | Cu7Te5 | Orth. |
2.BA.30 | Weissite | Cu2-xTe | Hex. |
2.BA.35 | Acanthite | Ag2S | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
2.BA.40 | Mckinstryite | Ag5-xCu3+xS4 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
2.BA.40 | Stromeyerite | AgCuS | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
2.BA.40d | UM2003-13-S:AgAuCu | Ag6AuCu2S5 | |
2.BA.45 | Jalpaite | Ag3CuS2 | Tet. |
2.BA.45 | Selenojalpaite | Ag3CuSe2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd |
2.BA.50 | Eucairite | AgCuSe | Orth. |
2.BA.55 | Aguilarite | Ag4SeS | Mon. 2/m |
2.BA.55 | Naumannite | Ag2Se | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
2.BA.60 | Cervelleite | Ag4TeS | Mon. 2/m |
2.BA.60 | Hessite | Ag2Te | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
2.BA.60 | Chenguodaite | Ag9Fe3+Te2S4 | Orth. |
2.BA.65 | Henryite | (Cu,Ag)3+xTe2 , with x ~ 0.40 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3c |
2.BA.65 | Stützite | Ag5-xTe3, x = 0.24-0.36 | Hex. 6 : P6 |
2.BA.70 | Argyrodite | Ag8GeS6 | Orth. mm2 : Pna21 |
2.BA.70 | Canfieldite | Ag8SnS6 | Orth. mm2 |
2.BA.70 | Putzite | (Cu4.7Ag3.3)GeS6 | Iso. 4 3m : F4 3m |
2.BA.75 | Fischesserite | Ag3AuSe2 | Iso. 4 3 2 : I41 3 2 |
2.BA.75 | Penzhinite | (Ag,Cu)4Au(S,Se)4 | Hex. |
2.BA.75 | Petrovskaite | AuAgS | Mon. |
2.BA.75 | Petzite | Ag3AuTe2 | Iso. 4 3 2 : I41 3 2 |
2.BA.75 | Uytenbogaardtite | Ag3AuS2 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3c |
2.BA.80 | Bezsmertnovite | (Au,Ag)4Cu(Te,Pb) | Orth. |
2.BA.80 | Bilibinskite | PbCu2Au3Te2 | Iso. |
2.BA.80 | Bogdanovite | (Au,Te,Pb)3(Cu,Fe) | Iso. |
Related Minerals - Dana Grouping (8th Ed.)
2.4.7.1 | Chalcocite | Cu2S | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
2.4.7.2 | Djurleite | Cu31S16 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm |
2.4.7.3 | Digenite | Cu9S5 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m |
2.4.7.4 | Roxbyite | Cu9S5 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
2.4.7.7 | Spionkopite | Cu39S28 | Hex. 6 2 2 |
Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals Grouping
3.1.1 | Chalcocite | Cu2S | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
3.1.2 | Djurleite | Cu31S16 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm |
3.1.3 | Digenite | Cu9S5 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m |
3.1.5 | Roxbyite | Cu9S5 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
3.1.6 | Spionkopite | Cu39S28 | Hex. 6 2 2 |
3.1.7 | Geerite | Cu8S5 | Trig. 3 |
3.1.8 | Covellite | CuS | Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P63/mmc |
3.1.9 | Berzelianite | Cu2Se | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m |
3.1.10 | Bellidoite | Cu2Se | Tet. 4/m : P42/n |
3.1.11 | Umangite | Cu3Se2 | Tet. |
3.1.12 | Yarrowite | Cu9S8 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1 |
3.1.13 | Athabascaite | Cu5Se4 | Orth. |
3.1.14 | Klockmannite | CuSe | Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P63/mmc |
3.1.15 | Krut'aite | CuSe2 | Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3 |
3.1.16 | Weissite | Cu2-xTe | Hex. |
3.1.17 | Rickardite | Cu7Te5 | Orth. |
3.1.18 | Vulcanite | CuTe | Orth. |
3.1.19 | Bambollaite | Cu(Se,Te)2 | Tet. |
3.1.20 | Lautite | CuAsS | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
3.1.21 | Mgriite | Cu3AsSe3 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) |
3.1.22 | Cubanite | CuFe2S3 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
3.1.23 | Bornite | Cu5FeS4 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca |
3.1.24 | Fukuchilite | Cu3FeS8 | Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3 |
3.1.25 | Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 | Tet. 4 2m : I4 2d |
3.1.26 | Mooihoekite | Cu9Fe9S16 | Tet. |
3.1.27 | Haycockite | Cu4Fe5S8 | Orth. 2 2 2 |
3.1.28 | Isocubanite | CuFe2S3 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m |
3.1.29 | Idaite | Cu5FeS6 | Hex. |
3.1.30 | Nukundamite | Cu3.33Fe0.66S4 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1 |
3.1.31 | Putoranite | Cu1.1Fe1.2S2 | Iso. |
3.1.32 | Orickite | 2CuFeS2 · H2O | Hex. |
3.1.33 | Eskebornite | CuFeSe2 | Tet. |
3.1.34 | Chaméanite | (Cu,Fe)4As(Se,S)4 | Iso. |
3.1.35 | Talnakhite | Cu9(Fe,Ni)8S16 | Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m |
Fluorescence of Anilite
Not fluorescent in UV
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
References for Anilite
Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Morimoto, N., Koto, K., Shimazaki, Y. (1969) Anilite, Cu7S4, a new mineral. American Mineralogist: 54: 1256-1269.
Morimoto, N., Koto, K. (1970) Phase relations of the Cu-S system at low temperatures: stability of anilite. American Mineralogist: 55: 106-117.
Koto, K., Nobuo, M. (1970) The crystal structure of anilite. Acta Crystallographica: B26: 915-924.
Goble, R.J., Smith, D.G.W. (1973) Electron microprobe investigation of copper sulphides in the Precambrian Lewis Series of S.W. Alberta, Canada. The Canadian Mineralogist: 12: 95-103.
Potter, R.W. II (1977) An electrochemical investigation of the system copper-sulfur. Economic Geology: 72: 1524-1542.
Goble, R.J. (1981) The leaching of copper from anilite and the production of a metastable copper sulfide structure. The Canadian Mineralogist: 19: 583-591.
Goble, R.J. (1985) The relationship between crystal structure, bonding and cell dimensions in the copper sulfides. The Canadian Mineralogist: 23: 61-76.
Whiteside, L.S., Goble, R.J. (1986) Structural and compositional changes in copper sulfides during leaching and dissolution. The Canadian Mineralogist: 24: 247-258.
Internet Links for Anilite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-236.html
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Localities for Anilite
Locality List




All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| Colombo, F., Lira, R., Ripley, E. M., & del Tanago, J. G. (2011). Geology, mineralogy and possible origin of the copper mineralization in marble near Saldan, Cordoba (Argentina). Journal of GEOsciences, 56(3), 299-316. |
Atlantic Ocean | |
| Gablina, I.F., Semkova, T.A., Stepanova, T.V., and Gor'kova, N.V. (2006): Lithology and Mineral Resources 41(1), 27-44. |
Australia | |
| Richardson, S.M. and Day, A.D. (1997) Geology of the Esperanza copper deposit. Proceedings of the 3rd International Mining Geology Conference, Launceston. pg. 51-56; Vera Munro-Smith (2006) Cobalt Mineralisation in Selected Australian Deposits. PhD thesis, University of Western Sydney. |
| Ciobanu, C. L., Cook, N. J., Ehrig, K. (2017): Ore minerals down to the nanoscale: Cu-(Fe)-sulphides from the iron oxide copper gold deposit at Olympic Dam, South Australia. Ore Geology Review 81, 1218-1235. |
| Handbook of Mineralogy |
| Ogilvie, A. L. (2014). Textural and LA-ICP-MS trace element chemistry analysis of pyrite and chalcopyrite from Telfer Au-Cu deposit, WA: implications for a multi-source ore system (Honors thesis). |
Austria | |
| Raith, J. G., Leitner, T., & Paar, W. H. (2015). Orogenic-type copper-gold-arsenic-(bismuth) mineralization at Flatschach (Eastern Alps), Austria. Mineralogy and Petrology, 109(5), 531-553. |
| Moser & Postl (1990); Exel (1993) |
Belgium | |
| Hatert, F., Baijot, M., Dal Bo, F. (2014) Occurrence of tellurides in the Stavelot Massif, Belgium. 21st meeting of the International Mineralogical Association, 131. |
Hatert, F., Deliens, M., Fransolet, A.-M., Van Der Meersche, E. (2002) Les minéraux de Belgique. 2ème édition, Muséum des Sciences Naturelles, Bruxelles, Belgium, 304 pages (in French). | |
Hatert, F. (1996) Étude minéralogique préliminaire de quelques sulfures du Massif de Stavelot. Mémoire de licence, Université de Liège, 48 pages.; Hatert, F., Deliens, M., Fransolet, A.-M., Van Der Meersche, E. (2002) Les minéraux de Belgique. 2ème édition, Muséum des Sciences Naturelles, Bruxelles, Belgium, 304 pages (in French).; Blondieau, M. (2005) Les gisements minéraux du Salmien dans le massif de Stavelot. Published by M. Blondieau, Tellin, Belgium, 90 pages. | |
Brazil | |
| Bello, Rosa M. S. (1986) "Jazida de cobre de Surubim, vale do Curuçá, Bahia: mineralogia, petrologia e petrogenese" |
Canada | |
| Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990; Goble R J (1980) Copper sulfides from Alberta: yarrowite Cu9S8 and spionkopite Cu39S28, The Canadian Mineralogist 18, 511-518 |
Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990; Goble R J (1980) Copper sulfides from Alberta: yarrowite Cu9S8 and spionkopite Cu39S28, The Canadian Mineralogist 18, 511-518 | |
| Economic Geology,(1996) Vol. 91-3, pp.507-526 |
| http://nsminerals.atspace.com/Dunbrack.html |
Chile | |
| Oliveros, V., Tristá-Aguilera, D., Féraud, G., Morata, D., Aguirre, L., Kojima, S., and Ferraris, F. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 61-78. |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| Flint, S. (1986): Sedimentary and diagenetic controls on red-bed ore genesis: the Middle Tertiary San Bartolo copper deposit, Antofagasta Province, Chile. Economic Geology 81, 761-778. |
| Suluezert, Y., ol Japan, G. S., Kawata-cho, S., & AestRAcr, T. (1969). Anilite, Cuzsn, A New Mineral. The American Mineralogist, 54. |
| Econ Geol (1987) 82:546-570 |
China | |
| Jiyu Xue, Tao Sun, Wenlan Zhang, Yuanfeng Cai, and Wu Chen (2000): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 20(1), 9-12; Yu Liu, Wenyuan Liu, and Shaohuai Wang (2011): Mineral Deposits 30(4), 735-741; Huang, H., Wang, S., & Chi, C. (2014). Identification of the complete Cu–S series minerals from the Zijinshan Cu–Au deposit, Fujian Province. Geol. J. China Univ., 20, 50-57. |
| Zhai, D., & Liu, J. (2014). Gold-telluride-sulfide association in the Sandaowanzi epithermal Au-Ag-Te deposit, NE China: implications for phase equilibrium and physicochemical conditions. Mineralogy and Petrology, 108(6), 853-871.; Zhai, D., Williams-Jones, A. E., Liu, J., Tombros, S. F., & Cook, N. J. (2018) Mineralogical, fluid inclusion, and multiple isotope (HOS-Pb) constraints on the genesis of the Sandaowanzi epithermal Au-Ag-Te deposit, NE China. Economic Geology, 113(6), 1359-1382. |
| Rongge Xiao and Wensheng Ge (1999): Mineral Deposits 18(2), 138-145 |
Czech Republic | |
| Ondruš P, Veselovský F, Gabašová A, Hloušek J, Šrein V, Vavrín I, Skála R, Sejkora J, Drábek M (2003) Primary minerals of the Jáchymov ore district, Journal of the Czech Geological Society 48, 19-147 |
| Malec J. et al.: Jacutingait, paladiové zlato a Pd-selenidy v Cu-zrudnění z karbonských sedimentù od Košťálova u Semil (podkrkonošská pánev). Zprávy o geologických výzkumech v roce 2011, Mineralogie, petrologie a geochemie, 189-192. |
| Dolníček, Z., & Nepejchal, M. (2019). Sylvanit, clausthalit a doprovodné minerály ze železnorudného ložiska typu Lahn-Dill Pittenwald u Skal u Rýmařova. Bulletin Mineralogie Petrologie, 27(1), 82-88. |
| Sejkora, J., Pauliš, P., Škoda, R.: Uranové ložisko Zálesí v Rychlebských horách. Minerál, 2007, roč. 15, č. 4, s. 305-238. |
| Sejkora J., Pauliš P., Kopecký S., Novák F., Malec J., Franc J.: Mineralogie uranového zrudnění z lokality Dlažov u Klatov (Česká republika). Bulletin mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 2009, roč. 17, č. 2, s. 73-80. |
| - Hyrsl, J. & Korbel, P. (2009): Tschechien & Slowakei, Mineralien und Fundstellen. Page 71. |
Germany | |
| Markl, G. (2017). Schwarzwald. Lagerstätten und Mineralien aus 4 Jahrhunderten. Bd.4: Südlicher Schwarzwald. Das untere und das kleine Wiesental. Ed. Krüger-Stiftung. Bode Verlag, 31020 Salzhemmendorf, 880 pp. [p. 608]. |
| Staude, S., Werner, W., Mordhorst, T., Wemmer, K., Jacob, D. E., & Markl, G. (2012) Multi-stage Ag–Bi–Co–Ni–U and Cu–Bi vein mineralization at Wittichen, Schwarzwald, SW Germany: geological setting, ore mineralogy, and fluid evolution. Mineralium Deposita, 47(3), 251-276. |
| Staude, S., Werner, W., Mordhorst, T., Wemmer, K., Jacob, D. E., & Markl, G. (2012) Multi-stage Ag–Bi–Co–Ni–U and Cu–Bi vein mineralization at Wittichen, Schwarzwald, SW Germany: geological setting, ore mineralogy, and fluid evolution. Mineralium Deposita, 47(3), 251-276. |
| undefined |
| Blass, G., Emmerich, F., Graf, HW., Schäfer, Ch., Tschörtner, J., (2006): Minerale der Eifelvulkane, Version 1.0, CD, published by authors |
Blass, G., Emmerich, F., Graf, HW., Schäfer, Ch., Tschörtner, J., (2006): Minerale der Eifelvulkane, Version 1.0, CD, published by authors | |
| Blass, G., Emmerich, F., Graf, HW., Schäfer, Ch., Tschörtner, J., (2006): Minerale der Eifelvulkane, Version 1.0, CD, published by authors |
| Blass, G., Emmerich, F., Graf, HW., Schäfer, Ch., Tschörtner, J., (2006): Minerale der Eifelvulkane, Version 1.0, CD, published by authors |
| XRD by Joachim Lorenz |
| Lapis 15(7/8), 21 (1990) |
Lapis 15(7/8), 21 (1990) | |
| Siemroth,J./Witzke,T.:Die Minerale des Mansfelder Kupferschiefers.-Hettstedt 1999 |
Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001 | |
Greece | |
| Rieck, B., Kolitsch, U., Voudouris, P., Giester, G. and Tzeferis, P. (2018): Weitere Neufunde aus Lavrion, Griechenland. Mineralien-Welt 29 (5), 32-77 (in German). |
India | |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.; Sikka, D. B., Petruk, W., Nehru, C. E., & Zhang, Z. (1991). Geochemistry of secondary copper minerals from Proterozoic porphyry copper deposit, Malanjkhand, India. Ore Geology Reviews, 6(2-3), 257-290. |
Indonesia | |
| The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 41, pp. 185-200 (2003) |
Iran | |
| Salehi, L., Rasa, I., Alirezaei, S., & KAZEMI, M. A. (2016). The Madan Bozorg, volcanic-hosted copper deposit, East Shahroud; an example of Manto type copper deposits in Iran. Geosciences 25:93-104. |
| SALEHI, L., RASA, I., ALIREZAEI, S., & KAZEMI, M. A. (2016). THE MADAN BOZORG, VOLCANIC-HOSTED COPPER DEPOSIT, EAST SHAHROUD; AN EXAMPLE OF MANTO TYPE COPPER DEPOSITS IN IRAN. |
| http://www.fos.ut.ac.ir/~journal/G.80.1E_2.htm; Shekarifard, A., Rahimpour, B. H., & Rouh, S. J. (2004) Alteration of sulfide minerals in the Ardakan barite-chalcopyrite ore deposits. Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy. Vol. 12, No. 2, 1383/2004 Fall & Winter |
Israel | |
| Shlomovitch, N., Bar-Matthews, M., & Matthews, A. (1999). Sedimentary and epigenetic copper mineral assemblages in the Cambrian Timna Formation, southern Israel. Israel Journal of Earth Sciences, 48(140), 195-208. |
Italy | |
| Tumiati, S., Casartelli, P., Mambretti, A., Martin, S., Frizzo, P., Rottoli, M. (2005): The ancient mine of Servette (Saint-Marcel, Val d' Aosta, western Italian Alps): A mineralogical, metallurgical and charcoal analysis of furnace slags. Archaeometry, 47, 317-340. |
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Japan (TL) | |
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Papua New Guinea | |
| Noku, S.K., Espi, J.O., Matsueda, H. (2012) Magmatic contributions to the mineralization of the Laloki and Federal Flag strata-bound massive sulfide deposits, Papua New Guinea: Sulfur isotope evidence. Paper presented at PNG Research, Science and Technology Conference, Pacific Adventist University, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. |
Peru | |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
Philippines | |
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Poland | |
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Portugal | |
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Russia | |
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| Palyanova, G. A., Murzin, V. V., Zhuravkova, T. V., & Varlamov, D. A. (2018). Au-Cu-Ag mineralization in rodingites and nephritoids of the Agardag ultramafic massif (southern Tuva, Russia). Russian Geology and Geophysics, 59(3), 238-256. |
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Saudi Arabia | |
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Serbia | |
| JF Carpentier collection |
Slovakia | |
| Vlasáč J., Ferenc Š., Mikuš T., Polák Ľ., Luptáková J., Biroň A. (2018): Výskyt Cu mineralizácie v permských bazaltoch hronika pri Banskej Bystrici (Slovenská republika). Bull Mineral Petrolog 26(2): 176-187. |
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Spain | |
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Switzerland | |
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Turkey | |
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UK | |
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USA | |
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| Smithsonian Institution Mineral Reference Collection No.165301-00 |
| Smithsonian Institution Mineral Reference Collection No.165316-00 |
Smithsonian institution Mineral Reference Collection No.165312-00 | |
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Uzbekistan | |
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Hilarion Mine, Kamariza Mines, Agios Konstantinos, Lavrion Mining District, Lavreotiki, East Attica, Attica, Greece