Liveingite
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Formula:
Pb9As13S28
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
3
Specific Gravity:
5.3
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named by R.H. Solly and H. Jackson in 1901 in honor of George Downing Liveing (14 August 1827, Nayland, Suffolk, UK - 26 December 1924), Professor of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, England. The name rathite-II also refers to liveingite.
Classification of Liveingite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
2/E.25-10
2.HC.05c
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
H : Sulfosalts of SnS archetype
C : With only Pb
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
H : Sulfosalts of SnS archetype
C : With only Pb
3.6.17.1
3 : SULFOSALTS
6 : 2 < ø < 2.49
3 : SULFOSALTS
6 : 2 < ø < 2.49
5.6.3
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
6 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb alone
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
6 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb alone
Physical Properties of Liveingite
Optical Data of Liveingite
Type:
Anisotropic
Internal Reflections:
Deep red
Chemical Properties of Liveingite
Formula:
Pb9As13S28
IMA Formula:
Pb18.5As25S56
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Liveingite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.94 Å, b = 70.84 Å, c = 8.33 Å
β = 90°
β = 90°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.112 : 1 : 0.118
Unit Cell V:
4,685.37 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Twinning:
On {100}. Irregular twin lamellae visible in polished section.
Comment:
Le Bihan (1961) gives the following unit-cell parameters: 8.43, 70.90, 7.91 Å, β 90.25°.
Type Occurrence of Liveingite
Synonyms of Liveingite
Other Language Names for Liveingite
Relationship of Liveingite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Argentobaumhauerite | Ag1.5Pb22As33.5S72 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Argentodufrénoysite | Ag3Pb26As35S80 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Argentoliveingite | AgxPb40-2xAs48+xS112 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Barikaite | Ag3Pb10(Sb8As11)S40 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Baumhauerite | Pb12As16S36 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Bernarlottiite | Pb6(As5Sb3)S18 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Boscardinite | TlPb4(Sb7As2)S18 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Carducciite | (Ag2Sb2)Pb12(As,Sb)16S40 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Dufrénoysite | Pb2As2S5 | Mon. 2 : P21 |
Écrinsite | AgTl3Pb4As11Sb9S36 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Enneasartorite | Tl6Pb32As70S140 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Guettardite | PbAsSbS4 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Hendekasartorite | Tl2Pb48As82S172 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Heptasartorite | Tl7Pb22As55S108 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Hyršlite | Pb8As10Sb6S32 | Mon. 2 : P21 |
Incomsartorite | Tl6Pb144As246S516 | Mon. 2/m |
Parapierrotite | TlSb5S8 | Mon. m |
Philrothite | TlAs3S5 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Pierrotite | Tl2(Sb,As)10S16 | Orth. mm2 : Pna21 |
Polloneite | AgPb46As26Sb23S120 | Mon. 2 : P21 |
Rathite | Ag2Pb12-xTlx/2As18+x/2S40 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Sartorite | PbAs2S4 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
Twinnite | Pb0.8Tl0.1Sb1.3As0.8S4 | Mon. 2/m |
Veenite | Pb2(Sb,As)2S5 | Mon. 2 : P21 |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Pyrite | 5 photos of Liveingite associated with Pyrite on mindat.org. |
Jordanite | 4 photos of Liveingite associated with Jordanite on mindat.org. |
Dolomite | 3 photos of Liveingite associated with Dolomite on mindat.org. |
Seligmannite | 1 photo of Liveingite associated with Seligmannite on mindat.org. |
Realgar | 1 photo of Liveingite associated with Realgar on mindat.org. |
Sinnerite | 1 photo of Liveingite associated with Sinnerite on mindat.org. |
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping
2.HC.05b | Argentobaumhauerite | Ag1.5Pb22As33.5S72 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
2.HC.05b | Baumhauerite | Pb12As16S36 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
2.HC.05e | Chabournéite | Tl4Pb2(Sb,As)20S34 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
2.HC.05d | Dufrénoysite | Pb2As2S5 | Mon. 2 : P21 |
2.HC.05a | Guettardite | PbAsSbS4 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
2.HC.05f | Parapierrotite | TlSb5S8 | Mon. m |
2.HC.05f | Pierrotite | Tl2(Sb,As)10S16 | Orth. mm2 : Pna21 |
2.HC.05d | Rathite | Ag2Pb12-xTlx/2As18+x/2S40 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
2.HC.05a | Sartorite | PbAs2S4 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
2.HC.05a | Twinnite | Pb0.8Tl0.1Sb1.3As0.8S4 | Mon. 2/m |
2.HC.05d | Veenite | Pb2(Sb,As)2S5 | Mon. 2 : P21 |
2.HC.05g | Marumoite | Pb32As40S92 | Mon. 2 : P21 |
2.HC.05e | Dalnegroite | (Tl4Pb2)(As12Sb8)S34 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
2.HC.10a | Fülöppite | Pb3Sb8S15 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
2.HC.10c | Heteromorphite | Pb7Sb8S19 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
2.HC.10b | Plagionite | Pb5Sb8S17 | Mon. 2/m |
2.HC.10d | Rayite | Pb8(Ag,Tl)2Sb8S21 | Mon. |
2.HC.10d | Semseyite | Pb9Sb8S21 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
2.HC.15 | Boulangerite | Pb5Sb4S11 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
2.HC.15 | Falkmanite | Pb3Sb2S6 | Mon. |
2.HC.20 | Robinsonite | Pb4Sb6S13 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
2.HC.25 | Moëloite | Pb6Sb6S14(S3) | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 2 |
2.HC.30 | Dadsonite | Pb23Sb25S60Cl | Tric. 1 : P1 |
2.HC.35 | Owyheeite | Ag3+xPb10-2xSb11+xS28, -0.13 < x > +0.20 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
2.HC.35 | Zoubekite | AgPb4Sb4S10 | Orth. |
2.HC.40 | Parasterryite | Ag4Pb20Sb14As10S58 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals Grouping
5.6.1 | Sartorite | PbAs2S4 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
5.6.2 | Dufrénoysite | Pb2As2S5 | Mon. 2 : P21 |
5.6.4 | Baumhauerite | Pb12As16S36 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
5.6.5 | Gratonite | Pb9As4S15 | Trig. 3m : R3m |
5.6.6 | Jordanite | Pb14(As,Sb)6S23 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
5.6.7 | Fülöppite | Pb3Sb8S15 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
5.6.8 | Zinkenite | Pb9Sb22S42 | Hex. 6 : P63 |
5.6.9 | Plagionite | Pb5Sb8S17 | Mon. 2/m |
5.6.10 | Heteromorphite | Pb7Sb8S19 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
5.6.11 | Launayite | CuPb10(Sb,As)12S20 | Mon. |
5.6.12 | Playfairite | Pb16(Sb,As)19S44Cl | Mon. |
5.6.13 | Semseyite | Pb9Sb8S21 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
5.6.14 | Madocite | Pb19(Sb,As)16S43 | Orth. |
5.6.15 | Boulangerite | Pb5Sb4S11 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
5.6.17 | Robinsonite | Pb4Sb6S13 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
5.6.18 | Guettardite | PbAsSbS4 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
5.6.19 | Twinnite | Pb0.8Tl0.1Sb1.3As0.8S4 | Mon. 2/m |
5.6.20 | Veenite | Pb2(Sb,As)2S5 | Mon. 2 : P21 |
5.6.21 | Sorbyite | CuPb9(Sb,As)11S26 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
5.6.22 | Geocronite | Pb14(Sb,As)6S23 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
5.6.23 | Galenobismutite | PbBi2S4 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
5.6.24 | Cosalite | Pb2Bi2S5 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
5.6.25 | Cannizzarite | Pb48Bi56S132 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
5.6.26 | Lillianite | Pb3-2xAgxBi2+xS6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
5.6.27 | Giessenite | Pb27Cu2(Bi,Sb)19S57 | Mon. 2/m |
5.6.28 | Platynite | ||
5.6.29 | Xilingolite | Pb3Bi2S6 | Mon. |
5.6.30 | Weibullite | Pb5Bi8Se7S11 | Orth. |
5.6.31 | Wittite | Pb9Bi12(S,Se)27 | Mon. |
5.6.32 | Kirkiite | Pb10Bi3As3S19 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
5.6.33 | Ustarasite | Pb(Bi,Sb)6S10 (?) |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
References for Liveingite
Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Solly, R.H., Jackson, H. (1902) Liveingite, a new mineral from the Binnenthal. Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society: 11: 239-240.
Giuşcă, D. (1930) Die Erze der Lagerstätte vom Lengenbach im Binnental (Wallis). Schweiz. Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen: 10: 152-177.
Palache, C., Berman, H., Frondel, C. (1944) The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 462-463.
Le Bihan, M.T. (1961): Structure de la rathite II. Comparaison entre les differentes structures connues de sulfures d'arsenic et de plomb. Acta Crystallographica: 14: 1211-1212.
Nowacki, W. (1967) Sulfides and sulfosalts. XXXIX. Possible identity of liveingite with rathite-II. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte: 1967: 353-354 (in German).
Fleischer, M. (1969) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 54: 1495-1499.
Engel, P., Nowacki, W. (1970): Die Kristallstruktur von Rathit-II [As25S56|PbVII6,5PbIX12]. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 131: 356-375.
Ozawa, T., Nowacki, W. (1974) Note on the mineral rathite-IV. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte: 1974: 530-531.
Laroussi, A., Moëlo, Y., Ohnenstetter, D., Ginderow, D. (1989) Argent et thallium dans les sulfosels de la série de la sartorite (Gisement de Lengenbach, vallée de Binn, Suisse). Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Série II: 308: 927-933.
Pring, A. (1990) Disordered intergrowths in lead-arsenic sulfide minerals and the paragenesis of the sartorite-group minerals. American Mineralogist: 75: 289-294.
Pring, A. (2001) The crystal chemistry of the sartorite group minerals from Lengenbach, Binntal, Switzerland - a HRTEM study. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen: 81: 69-87.
Berlepsch, P., Armbruster, T., Topa, D. (2002) Structural and chemical variations in rathite, Pb8Pb4-x(Tl2As2)x(Ag2As2)As16S40: modulations of a parent structure. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 217: 581-590.
Roth, P. (2007) Liveingite. in Minerals first discovered in Switzerland and minerals named after Swiss individuals, Kristallografik Verlag (Achberg Germany): 100-101.
Internet Links for Liveingite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2423.html
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Localities for Liveingite
Locality List




All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Chile | |
| Cecioni A, Cornejo C, Ruz L.; Choquelimpie, un yacimiento epitermal", Actas n. 1 del Congreso Geológico Chileno, pag.181/183, agosto 2000; Econ Geol (1991) 86:1206-1221 |
France | |
| R. Pierrot, P. Picot, J. Feraud, J. Vernet : "Inventaire Minéralogique de la France, N° 4, Alpes Maritimes", BRGM, 1974 |
Spain | |
| Crespo, J. L., Moro, M. C., Fadón, O., Cabrera, R., & Fernández, A. (2000). The Salamón gold deposit (León, Spain). Journal of Geochemical Exploration,71(2), 191-208. [as "leveingita"] |
Switzerland (TL) | |
| Bull Min 85 (1962), 15 |
Lengenbach Quarry, Fäld, Binn Valley, Wallis, Switzerland