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Liveingite

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Liveingite

Lengenbach Quarry, Fäld, Binn Valley, Wallis, Switzerland
Liveingite

Lengenbach Quarry, Fäld, Binn Valley, Wallis, Switzerland
Liveingite

Lengenbach Quarry, Fäld, Binn Valley, Wallis, Switzerland
Liveingite

Lengenbach Quarry, Fäld, Binn Valley, Wallis, Switzerland
Liveingite

Lengenbach Quarry, Fäld, Binn Valley, Wallis, Switzerland
Liveingite

Lengenbach Quarry, Fäld, Binn Valley, Wallis, Switzerland
Liveingite

Lengenbach Quarry, Fäld, Binn Valley, Wallis, Switzerland
Liveingite

Lengenbach Quarry, Fäld, Binn Valley, Wallis, Switzerland
Formula:
Pb9As13S28
System:
Monoclinic
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
3
Member of:
Name:
Named by R.H. Solly and H. Jackson in 1901 in honor of George Downing Liveing (14 August 1827, Nayland, Suffolk, UK - 26 December 1924), Professor of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, England. The name rathite-II also refers to liveingite.
An Ag-rich, closely related species is argentoliveingite.


Classification of Liveingite

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Strunz 8th ed.:
2/E.25-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:
2.HC.05c

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
H : Sulfosalts of SnS archetype
C : With only Pb
Dana 8th ed.:
3.6.17.1

3 : SULFOSALTS
6 : 2 < ø < 2.49
Hey's CIM Ref.:
5.6.3

5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
6 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb alone

Physical Properties of Liveingite

Lustre:
Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):
Opaque
Hardness (Mohs):
3
Density:
5.3 g/cm3 (Measured)    

Optical Data of Liveingite

Type:
Anisotropic
Internal Reflections:
Deep red

Chemical Properties of Liveingite

Formula:
Pb9As13S28
IMA Formula:
Pb18.5As25S56
Elements listed in formula:
As, Pb, S - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of Liveingite

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.94 Å, b = 70.84 Å, c = 8.33 Å
β = 90°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.112 : 1 : 0.118
Unit Cell Volume:
V 4,685.37 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Twinning:
On {100}. Irregular twin lamellae visible in polished section.

Type Occurrence of Liveingite

Type Locality:
Lengenbach Quarry, Fäld (Imfeld; Im Feld; Feld), Binn Valley, Wallis (Valais), Switzerland

Relationship of Liveingite to other Species

Member of:
Sartorite Group
Other Members of Group:
ArgentobaumhaueriteAg1.5Pb22As33.5S72
ArgentodufrénoysiteAg3Pb26As35S80
ArgentoliveingiteAgxPb40-2xAs48+xS112
BarikaiteAg3Pb10(Sb8As11)S40
BaumhaueritePb12As16S36
BernarlottiitePb6(As5Sb3)S18
BoscardiniteTlPb4(Sb7As2)S18
Carducciite(Ag2Sb2)Pb12(As,Sb)16S40
DufrénoysitePb2As2S5
ÉcrinsiteAgTl3Pb4As11Sb9S36
EnneasartoriteTl6Pb32As70S140
GuettarditePbAsSbS4
HendekasartoriteTl2Pb48As82S172
HeptasartoriteTl7Pb22As55S108
HyršlitePb8As10Sb6S32
IncomsartoriteTl6Pb144As246S516
ParapierrotiteTlSb5S8
PhilrothiteTlAs3S5
PierrotiteTl2(Sb,As)10S16
PolloneiteAgPb46As26Sb23S120
RathiteAg2Pb12-xTlx/2As18+x/2S40
SartoritePbAs2S4
Twinnite Pb0.8Tl0.1Sb1.3As0.8S4
VeenitePb2(Sb,As)2S5
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
2.HC.05bArgentobaumhaueriteAg1.5Pb22As33.5S72
2.HC.05bBaumhaueritePb12As16S36
2.HC.05eChabournéiteTl4Pb2(Sb,As)20S34
2.HC.05dDufrénoysitePb2As2S5
2.HC.05aGuettarditePbAsSbS4
2.HC.05fParapierrotiteTlSb5S8
2.HC.05fPierrotiteTl2(Sb,As)10S16
2.HC.05dRathiteAg2Pb12-xTlx/2As18+x/2S40
2.HC.05aSartoritePbAs2S4
2.HC.05aTwinnite Pb0.8Tl0.1Sb1.3As0.8S4
2.HC.05dVeenitePb2(Sb,As)2S5
2.HC.05gMarumoitePb32As40S92
2.HC.05eDalnegroite(Tl4Pb2)(As12Sb8)S34
2.HC.10aFülöppitePb3Sb8S15
2.HC.10cHeteromorphitePb7Sb8S19
2.HC.10bPlagionitePb5Sb8S17
2.HC.10dRayitePb8(Ag,Tl)2Sb8S21
2.HC.10dSemseyitePb9Sb8S21
2.HC.15BoulangeritePb5Sb4S11
2.HC.15FalkmanitePb3Sb2S6
2.HC.20RobinsonitePb4Sb6S13
2.HC.25MoëloitePb6Sb6S14(S3)
2.HC.30DadsonitePb23Sb25S60Cl
2.HC.35OwyheeiteAg3+xPb10-2xSb11+xS28, -0.13 < x > +0.20
2.HC.35ZoubekiteAgPb4Sb4S10
2.HC.40ParasterryiteAg4Pb20Sb14As10S58
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
5.6.1SartoritePbAs2S4
5.6.2DufrénoysitePb2As2S5
5.6.4BaumhaueritePb12As16S36
5.6.5GratonitePb9As4S15
5.6.6JordanitePb14(As,Sb)6S23
5.6.7FülöppitePb3Sb8S15
5.6.8ZinkenitePb9Sb22S42
5.6.9PlagionitePb5Sb8S17
5.6.10HeteromorphitePb7Sb8S19
5.6.11LaunayiteCuPb10(Sb,As)12S20
5.6.12PlayfairitePb16(Sb,As)19S44Cl
5.6.13SemseyitePb9Sb8S21
5.6.14MadocitePb19(Sb,As)16S43
5.6.15BoulangeritePb5Sb4S11
5.6.17RobinsonitePb4Sb6S13
5.6.18GuettarditePbAsSbS4
5.6.19Twinnite Pb0.8Tl0.1Sb1.3As0.8S4
5.6.20VeenitePb2(Sb,As)2S5
5.6.21SorbyiteCuPb9(Sb,As)11S26
5.6.22GeocronitePb14(Sb,As)6S23
5.6.23GalenobismutitePbBi2S4
5.6.24CosalitePb2Bi2S5
5.6.25CannizzaritePb4Bi6S13
5.6.26LillianitePb3-2xAgxBi2+xS6
5.6.27GiessenitePb27Cu2(Bi,Sb)19S57
5.6.28Platynite
5.6.29XilingolitePb3Bi2S6
5.6.30WeibullitePb5Bi8Se7S11
5.6.31WittitePb9Bi12(S,Se)27
5.6.32KirkiitePb10Bi3As3S19
5.6.33UstarasitePb(Bi,Sb)6S10 (?)

Other Names for Liveingite

Synonyms:

Rathite-II

Name in Other Languages:
Simplified Chinese:利硫砷铅矿
Spanish:Liveingita
Traditional Chinese:利硫砷鉛礦

Other Information

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Liveingite

Reference List:
Solly, R.H., Jackson, H. (1902) Liveingite, a new mineral from the Binnenthal. Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society: 11: 239-240.

Giuşcă, D. (1930) Die Erze der Lagerstätte vom Lengenbach im Binnental (Wallis). Schweiz. Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen: 10: 152-177.

Palache, C., Berman, H., Frondel, C. (1944) The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 462-463.

Le Bihan, M.T. (1961) Structure de la rathite II. Comparaison entre les differentes structures connues de sulfures d'arsenic et de plomb. Acta Crystallographica: 14: 1211-1212.

Nowacki, W. (1967) Sulfides and sulfosalts. XXXIX. Possible identity of liveingite with rathite-II. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte: 1967: 353-354 (in German).

Fleischer, M. (1969) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 54: 1495-1499.

Engel, P., Nowacki, W. (1970) Die kristallstruktur von rathit-II [As25S56|PbVII6,5PbIX12]. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 131: 356-375.

Ozawa, T., Nowacki, W. (1974) Note on the mineral rathite-IV. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte: 1974: 530-531.

Laroussi, A., Moëlo, Y., Ohnenstetter, D., Ginderow, D. (1989) Argent et thallium dans les sulfosels de la série de la sartorite (Gisement de Lengenbach, vallée de Binn, Suisse). Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Série II: 308: 927-933.

Pring, A. (1990) Disordered intergrowths in lead-arsenic sulfide minerals and the paragenesis of the sartorite-group minerals. American Mineralogist: 75: 289-294.

Pring, A. (2001) The crystal chemistry of the sartorite group minerals from Lengenbach, Binntal, Switzerland - a HRTEM study. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen: 81: 69-87.

Berlepsch, P., Armbruster, T., Topa, D. (2002) Structural and chemical variations in rathite, Pb8Pb4-x(Tl2As2)x(Ag2As2)As16S40: modulations of a parent structure. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 217: 581-590.

Roth, P. (2007) Liveingite. in Minerals first discovered in Switzerland and minerals named after Swiss individuals, Kristallografik Verlag (Achberg Germany): 100-101.

Internet Links for Liveingite

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    Localities for Liveingite

    This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) indicates first recorded locality for everything else. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Chile
     
    • Arica and Parinacota Region
      • Parinacota Province
        • Ticnamar area
    		Cecioni A, Cornejo C, Ruz L.; Choquelimpie, un yacimiento epitermal", Actas n. 1 del Congreso Geológico Chileno, pag.181/183, agosto 2000; Econ Geol (1991) 86:1206-1221
    France
     
    • Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
      • Alpes-Maritimes
        • Guillaumes
          • Péone
    		R. Pierrot, P. Picot, J. Feraud, J. Vernet : "Inventaire Minéralogique de la France, N° 4, Alpes Maritimes", BRGM, 1974
    Spain
     
    • Castile and Leon
      • León
        • Crémenes
    		Crespo, J. L., Moro, M. C., Fadón, O., Cabrera, R., & Fernández, A. (2000). The Salamón gold deposit (León, Spain). Journal of Geochemical Exploration,71(2), 191-208. [as "leveingita"]
    Switzerland (TL)
     
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Binn Valley
        • Fäld (Imfeld; Im Feld; Feld)
    		Bull Min 85 (1962), 15
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