Löllingite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Löllingite
19th century iron ore grinding mill
Lölling mining district, Hüttenberger Erzberg, Hüttenberg, Sankt Veit an der Glan District, Carinthia, Austria
Lölling mining district, Hüttenberger Erzberg, Hüttenberg, Sankt Veit an der Glan District, Carinthia, Austria
Formula:
FeAs2
May contain minor S.
Colour:
Steel gray to silver white
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
5 - 5½
Specific Gravity:
7.43
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1845 by Wilhelm Karl von Haidinger for the type locality at the Wolfbau Mine, Lölling District, Hüttenberger Erzberg, Hüttenberg, Friesach - Hüttenberg area, Carinthia, Austria.
Löllingite Group.
Forms a series with safflorite and can also contain considerable amounts of nickel (solid solution with rammelsbergite).
May be confused with arsenopyrite.
Forms a series with safflorite and can also contain considerable amounts of nickel (solid solution with rammelsbergite).
May be confused with arsenopyrite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2426
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2426:2
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
f4394e8a-a4d6-4a85-9f40-3ae28747cfe9
IMA Classification of Löllingite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Classification of Löllingite
2.EB.15a
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
B : M:S = 1:2, with Fe, Co, Ni, PGE, etc.
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
B : M:S = 1:2, with Fe, Co, Ni, PGE, etc.
2.12.2.9
2 : SULFIDES
12 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:2
2 : SULFIDES
12 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:2
3.9.11
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
9 : Sulphides etc. of Fe
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
9 : Sulphides etc. of Fe
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Lö | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Lo | Kretz (1983) | Kretz, R. (1983) Symbols of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68, 277–279. |
Lo | Siivolam & Schmid (2007) | Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download |
Lo | Whitney & Evans (2010) | Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371 |
Lol | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Pronunciation of Löllingite
Pronunciation:
Play | Recorded by | Country |
---|---|---|
Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Löllingite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Steel gray to silver white
Streak:
Greyish black
Hardness:
5 - 5½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=859 - 920 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Distinct on {010}{101}
Distinct on {010}{101}
Fracture:
Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
7.43 g/cm3 (Measured) 7.472 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Löllingite
Anisotropism:
Strong
Reflectivity:
Wavelength | R1 | R2 |
---|---|---|
400nm | 51.6% | 59.7% |
420nm | 52.0% | 59.9% |
440nm | 52.6% | 59.8% |
460nm | 53.1% | 58.8% |
480nm | 53.7% | 57.6% |
500nm | 54.2% | 56.2% |
520nm | 54.8% | 54.9% |
540nm | 55.4% | 53.7% |
560nm | 55.9% | 52.7% |
580nm | 56.3% | 51.8% |
600nm | 56.3% | 51.1% |
620nm | 55.9% | 50.4% |
640nm | 55.2% | 49.8% |
660nm | 54.5% | 49.3% |
680nm | 53.6% | 48.7% |
700nm | 53.1% | 48.4% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 59.9%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Chemistry of Löllingite
Mindat Formula:
FeAs2
May contain minor S.
May contain minor S.
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Bi
Chemical Analysis
Oxide wt%:
1 | |
---|---|
Fe | 27.31 % |
Co | 1.29 % |
As | 67.60 % |
S | 2.77 % |
Total: | 98.97 % |
Empirical formulas:
Sample ID | Empirical Formula |
---|---|
1 | Fe0.96Co0.04As1.76S0.17 |
Sample references:
ID | Locality | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Nedre Lapplægeret Quarry, Lapplægeret, Drag, Hamarøy, Nordland, Norway | Chemical analysis by E. Christensen 1953 |
Crystallography of Löllingite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pnnm
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.300 Å, b = 5.983 Å, c = 2.882 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.886 : 1 : 0.482
Unit Cell V:
91.39 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Prismatic, may be very similar to arsenopyrite.
Twinning:
On {001}, possibly trillings, polysynthetic on {101}
Crystallographic forms of Löllingite
Crystal Atlas:
Image Loading
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3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided by
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Edge Lines | Miller Indices | Axes
Transparency
Opaque | Translucent | Transparent
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Along a-axis | Along b-axis | Along c-axis | Start rotation | Stop rotation
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Edge Lines | Miller Indices | Axes
Transparency
Opaque | Translucent | Transparent
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Along a-axis | Along b-axis | Along c-axis | Start rotation | Stop rotation
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.97 Å | (3) |
2.989 Å | (5) |
2.651 Å | (7) |
2.605 Å | (100) |
2.599 Å | (60) |
2.532 Å | (60) |
2.421 Å | (30) |
2.331 Å | (65) |
1.984 Å | (9) |
1.932 Å | (7) |
1.867 Å | (20) |
1.8543 Å | (30) |
1.6945 Å | (25) |
1.6401 Å | (25) |
1.6344 Å | (35) |
1.5934 Å | (7) |
1.5669 Å | (11) |
1.5059 Å | (9) |
1.4960 Å | (7) |
1.4413 Å | (9) |
1.3454 Å | (7) |
1.3224 Å | (5) |
1.3030 Å | (7) |
1.2942 Å | (9) |
1.2660 Å | (3) |
1.2612 Å | (11) |
1.2388 Å | (7) |
1.2116 Å | (2) |
1.1870 Å | (5) |
1.1802 Å | (5) |
1.1671 Å | (7) |
1.1659 Å | (7) |
1.1407 Å | (9) |
1.1167 Å | (9) |
1.1052 Å | (7) |
1.1036 Å | (5) |
1.0977 Å | (9) |
1.0906 Å | (5) |
1.0820 Å | (7) |
Comments:
ICDD 11-699 (synthetic)
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere | >4.45 |
12 : Hadean hydrothermal subsurface sulfide deposits (see also #33) | |
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) | |
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
34 : Complex granite pegmatites |
Type Occurrence of Löllingite
Synonyms of Löllingite
Other Language Names for Löllingite
French:Fer Arsenical (in part)
German:Arseneisen
Arsenikeisen
Arsenosiderit
Asenosiderit
Axotomer Arsenikkies
Hüttenbergit
Leucopurit
Leukopyrit
Loellingit
Löllingit
Pharmakopyrit
Saetersbergit
Sätersbergit
Glanzarsenikkies (in part)
Glanzarsenkies (in part)
Arsenikeisen
Arsenosiderit
Asenosiderit
Axotomer Arsenikkies
Hüttenbergit
Leucopurit
Leukopyrit
Loellingit
Löllingit
Pharmakopyrit
Saetersbergit
Sätersbergit
Glanzarsenikkies (in part)
Glanzarsenkies (in part)
Russian:Леллингит
Simplified Chinese:斜方砷铁矿
Spanish:Löllingita
Swedish:Leucopyrit
Varieties of Löllingite
Chathamite | Shepard (1844) gave the name to an orthorhombic nickel-iron diarsenide which Holmes (1947) showed to be a Ni-bearing löllingite. Chathamite was later thought to be the iron member of an isometric diarsenide series that included chloanthite = nickelskutte... |
Cobalt-bearing Löllingite | A cobalt-bearing variety of löllingite. |
Geyerite | A S-bearing variety containing up to 6.73% S. Named after Geyer, Erzgebirge. |
Glaucopyrite | A Co-bearing löllingite with up to 6.44% Co. |
Relationship of Löllingite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Alloclasite | Co1-xFexAsS | Mon. 2 : P21 |
Anduoite | (Ru,Os)As2 | Orth. |
Clinosafflorite | CoAs2 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
Costibite | CoSbS | Orth. mm2 : Pmn21 |
Nisbite | NiSb2 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm |
Oenite | CoSbAs | Orth. |
Omeiite | (Os,Ru)As2 | Orth. |
Paracostibite | CoSbS | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca |
Pararammelsbergite | NiAs2 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca |
Rammelsbergite | NiAs2 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm |
Safflorite | (Co,Ni,Fe)As2 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm |
UM1998-01-AsSb:CoFeNi | (Fe,Ni)SbAs |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
183 photos of Löllingite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
139 photos of Löllingite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
124 photos of Löllingite associated with Fluorite | CaF2 |
124 photos of Löllingite associated with Arsenopyrite | FeAsS |
86 photos of Löllingite associated with Dyscrasite | Ag3Sb |
70 photos of Löllingite associated with Galena | PbS |
66 photos of Löllingite associated with Magnetite | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
66 photos of Löllingite associated with Stibarsen | AsSb |
64 photos of Löllingite associated with Pyrargyrite | Ag3SbS3 |
64 photos of Löllingite associated with Arsenic | As |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
2.EB. | Iridarsenite | (Ir,Ru)As2 |
2.EB. | Selenolaurite | RuSe2 |
2.EB. | Andrieslombaardite | RhSbS |
2.EB. | Kanatzidisite | (SbBiS3)2Te2 |
2.EB.05a | Aurostibite | AuSb2 |
2.EB.05b | Bambollaite | Cu(Se,Te)2 |
2.EB.05a | Cattierite | CoS2 |
2.EB.05a | Erlichmanite | OsS2 |
2.EB.05a | Fukuchilite | Cu3FeS8 |
2.EB.05a | Geversite | PtSb2 |
2.EB.05a | Hauerite | MnS2 |
2.EB.05a | Insizwaite | Pt(Bi,Sb)2 |
2.EB.05a | Krut'aite | CuSe2 |
2.EB.05a | Laurite | RuS2 |
2.EB.05a | Penroseite | (Ni,Co,Cu)Se2 |
2.EB.05a | Pyrite | FeS2 |
2.EB.05a | Sperrylite | PtAs2 |
2.EB.05a | Trogtalite | CoSe2 |
2.EB.05a | Vaesite | NiS2 |
2.EB.05a | Villamanínite | (Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S2 |
2.EB.05a | Dzharkenite | FeSe2 |
2.EB.05a | Gaotaiite | Ir3Te8 |
2.EB.05a v | Cayeuxite | |
2.EB.10b | Alloclasite | Co1-xFexAsS |
2.EB.10d | Costibite | CoSbS |
2.EB.10a | Ferroselite | FeSe2 |
2.EB.10a | Frohbergite | FeTe2 |
2.EB.10c | Glaucodot | (Co0.50Fe0.50)AsS |
2.EB.10a | Kullerudite | NiSe2 |
2.EB.10a | Marcasite | FeS2 |
2.EB.10a | Mattagamite | CoTe2 |
2.EB.10e | Paracostibite | CoSbS |
2.EB.10e | Pararammelsbergite | NiAs2 |
2.EB.10f | Oenite | CoSbAs |
2.EB.10a | Petříčekite | CuSe2 |
2.EB.15a | Anduoite | (Ru,Os)As2 |
2.EB.15a | Clinosafflorite | CoAs2 |
2.EB.15a | Nisbite | NiSb2 |
2.EB.15a | Omeiite | (Os,Ru)As2 |
2.EB.15c | Paxite | CuAs2 |
2.EB.15a | Rammelsbergite | NiAs2 |
2.EB.15a | Safflorite | (Co,Ni,Fe)As2 |
2.EB.15b | Seinäjokite | (Fe,Ni)(Sb,As)2 |
2.EB.20 | Arsenopyrite | FeAsS |
2.EB.20 | Gudmundite | FeSbS |
2.EB.20 | Osarsite | (Os,Ru)AsS |
2.EB.20 | Ruarsite | (Ru,Os)AsS |
2.EB.25 va | Antimony-bearing Gersdorffite | Ni(As,Sb)S |
2.EB.25 | Cobaltite | CoAsS |
2.EB.25 | Gersdorffite | NiAsS |
2.EB.25 | Hollingworthite | (Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS |
2.EB.25 | Irarsite | (Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS |
2.EB.25 | Jolliffeite | NiAsSe |
2.EB.25 | Krutovite | NiAs2 |
2.EB.25 | Maslovite | PtBiTe |
2.EB.25 | Michenerite | PdBiTe |
2.EB.25 | Padmaite | PdBiSe |
2.EB.25 | Platarsite | Pt(As,S)2 |
2.EB.25 | Testibiopalladite | PdSbTe |
2.EB.25 | Tolovkite | IrSbS |
2.EB.25 | Ullmannite | NiSbS |
2.EB.25 | Willyamite | CoSbS |
2.EB.25 | Changchengite | IrBiS |
2.EB.25 | Mayingite | IrBiTe |
2.EB.25 | Kalungaite | PdAsSe |
2.EB.25 | Milotaite | PdSbSe |
2.EB.25 | Paragersdorffite | Ni(As,S)2 |
2.EB.25 | Orthogersdorffite | NiAsS |
2.EB.25 | Kvačekite | NiSbSe |
2.EB.30 | Urvantsevite | Pd(Bi,Pb)2 |
2.EB.35 | Rheniite | ReS2 |
Fluorescence of Löllingite
Not fluorescent in ultraviolet light
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Löllingite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2426.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Löllingite
Reference List:
Localities for Löllingite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Vera Munro-Smith (2006) |
| Wilde (1988) |
| Henley et al. (2001) +1 other reference |
Henley et al. (2001) | |
| Ramdohr (1950) |
| Ramdohr (1950) |
Blampain et al. (2006) | |
L.Lawrence +1 other reference | |
Ramdohr (1950) | |
| Ramdohr (1950) |
Teale et al. (2006) | |
Ramdohr (1950) | |
Ramdohr (1950) | |
Teale et al. (2006) | |
Slack et al. (1993) | |
| Hein (1994) +1 other reference |
Hein (1994) | |
Hein (1994) | |
| Graham-Ruzicka (2014) |
| Lehrmann (2012) |
| an example of Broken Hill-type mineralization in the eastern succession et al. (8) +4 other references |
Updated list originally distributed by ... | |
| part of list University of Queensland |
| Lintern et al. (1999) +1 other reference |
| www.minerals.statedevelopment.sa.gov.au (2017) +1 other reference |
| Sorrell (n.d.) +1 other reference |
| Vera Munro-Smith (2006) |
| SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ... |
SA Geodata Database | |
| Ehrig et al. (2012) |
| Pring (1988) |
| Bottrill et al. (2008) |
| Bottrill |
| |
| Witt et al. (1997) |
| Eilu (2003) |
Econ Geol (1986) | |
| Mock (1987) |
| McCuaig (1997) |
| Neumayr et al. (1998) |
| Eilu (2003) |
| Econ Geol (1997) |
Meinert +1 other reference | |
| Ore Petrology Chemistry and Timing of ... +2 other references |
Austria | |
| Michael Waitzinger et al. (2021) |
Groß (1983) +1 other reference | |
H. Meixner: Carinthia II 158./78.:96-101 (1968) | |
H. Meixner: Carinthia II 158./78.:96-101 (1968) | |
| Meixner (1953) |
Niedermayr et al. (1995) | |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
Puttner (1987) | |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
| Brandstätter et al. (2006) |
| Zemann +1 other reference |
| Sigmund (1911) +1 other reference |
| Strasser (1989) |
Strasser (1989) | |
| W.H. Paar et al. (5) |
| Postl et al. (1997) |
| Auer (2020) |
| Leikauf et al. (2018) |
| www.vstm.at (2004) |
| Pribitzer (1956) +3 other references |
| Auer (2022) |
| Auer (2022) |
Bolivia | |
| Ahlfeld et al. (1964) +1 other reference |
| Artiaga et al. (2013) |
| Federico Ahlfeld and Alejandro Schneider-Scherbina (1964) |
| Belén Torres et al. (2019) +1 other reference |
| Kempff et al. (La Paz, 2009) |
Kempff et al. (La Paz, 2009) | |
| Wilson (2001) |
| Banco Minero and COMIBOL +1 other reference |
| Kempff et al. (La Paz, 2009) |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
| Slobodan A. Radosavljević et al. (2016) |
Brazil | |
| M. Abrahao Moura et al. et al. (2) +2 other references |
| Cassedanne et al. (1982) +1 other reference |
Baijot et al. (2014) | |
Scholz et al. (2014) | |
Atencio et al. (2004) | |
| Cassedanne (1983) |
| Cassedanne et al. (1981) |
| Luis Menezes |
Cassedanne et al. (1999) | |
| Oberthür et al. (2008) |
Bulgaria | |
| Dimitrova (2006) +1 other reference |
Burkina Faso | |
| Fontaine et al. (2017) |
Canada | |
| Mark H.F. Mauthner et al. (1996) |
| Jordi Fabre |
| Montgomery (n.d.) +1 other reference |
| Montgomery (n.d.) |
Montgomery (n.d.) | |
| Peatfield (n.d.) |
| Econ Geol (1992) +1 other reference |
Dawson | |
| Franz Bernhard analyses +1 other reference |
| Bernier et al. (1990) +1 other reference |
| Cerny et al. 2012 +2 other references |
| Gagné et al. (NTS 63K16 and 63N2) +1 other reference |
Gagné et al. (NTS 63K16 and 63N2) +1 other reference | |
| Rubingh et al. (2024) |
| Parrish (1977) +2 other references |
| K.G. Thorne et al. (2009) |
| Brueckner et al. (2015) +1 other reference |
| Papezik (1967) |
Papezik (1967) | |
| Badham (1975) |
| Badham et al. (1980) |
Harris et al. (1985) | |
Blackadar (1981) | |
Badham et al. (1980) | |
Badham et al. (1980) | |
Badham et al. (1980) | |
Badham et al. (1980) | |
| Acosta-Góngora et al. (2015) |
| Lang (1952) +1 other reference |
Lang (1952) | |
Lang (1952) | |
| Lang (1952) |
Rich et al. (1977) | |
| RIDLAND (1941) |
RIDLAND (1941) | |
Burgess et al. (2014) | |
| Kontak et al. (1993) |
| Meinert +2 other references |
| Masson et al. (2022) |
| Jiricka (2013) |
| P.B. Tomascak et al. (1994) |
| Rocks & Minerals 79:2 pp94-99 |
| evidence of fractionation and ... +1 other reference |
| Econ Geol (1997) |
| Cabri et al. (1979) |
| 159-161. +1 other reference |
| Reiner Mielke |
| Sabina (1974) |
Dana 7:I:311. +1 other reference | |
Ontario Geological Survey Miscellaneous ... +1 other reference | |
Ontario Geological Survey Miscellaneous ... +1 other reference | |
Reiner Mielke | |
Reiner Mieklke | |
Reiner Mielke 2016 | |
Can Mineral December 1971 v. 11 no. 1 ... | |
Sabina (2000) | |
| Sabina (2000) |
| Sabina (1974) +1 other reference |
| Sabina (2000) |
| Reiner Mielke 2014 |
Ontario Geological Survey Miscellaneous ... +1 other reference | |
Ontario Geological Survey Miscellaneous ... +1 other reference | |
| Econ Geology (1993) |
| 179-181. +2 other references |
| Girard (1971) |
| Mineral. Deposita 42 (2007) |
| 166-175. +2 other references |
| Horváth et al. (1998) |
Horváth et al. (1998) | |
| Reyx et al. (1993) |
| Can Min Vol. 29 (1991) +1 other reference |
| - (Lloyd Twaites collection) |
Chile | |
| SEM-EDS by Joy Desor |
SEM-EDS by Joy Desor | |
| Pnud Chile/Corfo +3 other references |
| C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988) |
| C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988) |
| maurizio dini collection - analysed ... |
| C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988) |
| Samples in the I. Domeyko Museum |
| C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988) |
China | |
| Guo et al. (2023) |
| Dequan Zhang and Lihua Wang (1988) |
| Xiangmei Ren (1990) |
| Wang et al. (2022) |
| Dequan Zhang (1993) +1 other reference |
Wang et al. (2019) | |
| Ottens et al. (2012) |
Yang et al. (2019) | |
| Bingjian Xiao (2000) +2 other references |
| Wang et al. (2024) |
| Keevil et al. (2022) |
| Dequan Zhang et al. (2005) |
| Zhang et al. (2022) |
Jinyang Zhang et al. (2012) +1 other reference | |
| Zhimin Zhu et al. (2009) |
| Anthony et al. (1990) |
| Qingfeng Ding et al. (2014) |
| Bo Zheng et al. (2013) |
| Cunlin Liu et al. (1987) |
Cuba | |
| Torró et al. (2016) |
Cyprus | |
| Thalhammer et al. (1986) |
Czech Republic | |
| Cempírek et al. (2006) |
| Povondra et al. (eds.) +1 other reference |
| Škácha et al. (2012) |
Dolníček et al. (2023) | |
| Zachariáš et al. (1997) |
Litochleb et al. (2011) | |
Litochleb et al. (střední Čechy) | |
Zachariáš et al. (1997) +1 other reference | |
| |
| Sejkora et al. (2024) |
| Jiří Zachariáš et al. (2014) |
| Johan et al. (1961) |
| Gramblička R. (2014) |
M.E. Ciriotti - 04.06.2008 - Probed | |
Lapis 2002 (7/8) | |
| Filippi (2004) |
Rojík (2006) | |
| Scharm +7 other references |
| Kruťa et al. (Sborník Přírodovědecké společnosti v Ostravě) |
| Sejkora (2016) |
| Sejkora (1994) |
| Malec et al. (2013) |
| Tvrdý +1 other reference |
| Parma (1973) |
| Uher et al. (1998) |
| Litochleb J. |
| Houzar |
| |
Hyrsl et al. (2009) | |
| Jarský |
| Sejkora (1998) |
| Slavíček |
| Dolníček et al. (2021) |
HAK (1962) | |
| Novak et al. (1996) |
| Miškovský |
| Škoda et al. (2012) +1 other reference |
| Staně +4 other references |
Staněk | |
Staněk | |
Staněk | |
| Pelíšek |
| Malec et al. (2013) |
Zahradníček +1 other reference | |
Novák +3 other references | |
Flégr et al. (2017) | |
DR Congo | |
| Kampunzu et al. (2009) |
Egypt | |
| International Geological Congress (2008) |
International Geological Congress (2008) | |
International Geological Congress (2008) | |
International Geological Congress (2008) | |
International Geological Congress (2008) | |
International Geological Congress (2008) | |
Europe | |
| Lapis 17 (2) |
Finland | |
| Lindqvist |
| Hietanen (2015) |
| Novoselov et al. (2015) |
Aho (1975) | |
| Geological Survey of Finland (2017) |
Kojonen et al. (1996) | |
| Mäkinen (1913) |
| Ilkka Mikkola collection |
Lahti Seppo I. 2011. Kotkan ... | |
| Teertstra et al. (1993) |
Alviola Reijo 1974. Selostus ... | |
| Geological Survey of Finland 2007 Kopsa ... +2 other references |
| Kojonen |
Geological Survey of Finland 2007 ... +2 other references | |
| Kontionoemi et al. (2006) |
Hector et al. (2023) | |
Geological Survey of Finland 2007 ... | |
| Geological Survey of Finland 2007 ... |
| Geological Survey of Finland 2008. ... +1 other reference |
| Hector et al. (2023) |
| Kuikka (2014) |
| PRECAMBRIAN GRANITOIDS Petrogenesis |
Lahti (1981) | |
Kärkkäinen Niilo et al. (2016) | |
Sandström et al. (2009) | |
| Eilu (2003) |
| Luukkonen (1993) |
| Ehlers (Ed.) +1 other reference |
| 56 pp. +1 other reference |
| www.gsf.fi (2001) +1 other reference |
Satu Vuori et al. (2005) | |
| Haapala (1966) |
| Haapala (1966) +2 other references |
| Geological Survey of Finland website +2 other references |
Mäkitie et al. (1.86-1.79 Ga) | |
| Haapala (1966) |
Tuovinen Lauri | |
Borodaev et al. (1983) +1 other reference | |
Borodaev et al. (1983) | |
| Kontoniemi et al. (1991) +1 other reference |
| Geological Survey of Finland 2007 ... |
| Niilo Kärkkäinen (2012) |
| Hangala Leake S. 1987 The early ... |
Hietala | |
| Niskanen (2014) |
| Kärkkäinen +2 other references |
France | |
| R. Pierrot |
| R. Pierrot |
R. Pierrot | |
R. Pierrot | |
R. Pierrot | |
R. Pierrot | |
| R. Pierrot |
R. Pierrot | |
R. Pierrot | |
| |
J.J. Périchaud : "Les Gisements Métalliques du Ditrict à Antimoine de Brioude-Massiac (Massif Central Français) | |
| Pélisson (1989) |
| P. Picot |
| Rich et al. (1977) |
| J.J. Périchaud : "Les Gisements Métalliques du District à Antimoine de Brioude Massiac (Massif Central Français) |
| Econ Geol (1997) |
| G. Aubert : "Les coupoles granitiques de Montebras et d'Echassières (Massif Central Français) |
| Wittern et al. (Cologne) |
| Chauris (2014) |
| Chauris (2014) |
| Chauris (2014) |
| Germain C. et al. (1990) |
| Pillard F. et al. (1985) |
| Chauris (2014) |
| P&T N°23-24 et al. (Haut-Rhin) |
Wittern et al. (Cologne) | |
Paul De Bondt | |
Pierre et Terre 1982 | |
T. Brunsperger collection. | |
Martaud (2013) | |
| Dana 7:I:327. |
Bari (1982) +1 other reference | |
This mine worked the same vein as Gabe ... +2 other references | |
| T. Brunsperger collection. |
T. Brunsperger observations | |
Ruhlmann (1978) | |
| Wittern |
| P&T N°23-24 et al. (Haut-Rhin) |
Wittern | |
| Hohh (1994) |
| Wittern et al. (Cologne) |
Hohl: "Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien" (Mulhouse) | |
| Wittern et al. (Cologne) |
| Picot et al. (1978) |
Picot et al. (1978) | |
| R. Stein collection |
| Une ancienne mine d'Antimoine dans le Limousin aurifère ( Georges Hyvert ) |
| "Les minéraux et al. (1977) +1 other reference |
| Patureau et al. (2011) |
Marcoux et al. (2021) | |
| "Les minéraux et al. (1977) |
| perso.wanadoo.fr (2004) |
Boisson (1988) | |
| Boisson (1988) |
Boisson (1988) +1 other reference | |
| "Les minéraux et al. (1977) +1 other reference |
| Club Eymoutiers Minéraux (2003) |
La minéralogie. Béryl Limousin +1 other reference | |
| Pierrot et al. (1978) |
| |
| [Inventaire Minéralogique de la France numero 14 ( Lozère ) |
| Berbain et al. (2005) |
| Gayraud et al. |
| Lacroix (1910) |
Baret (1898) | |
Baret (1905) | |
| Baret (1905) |
Lacroix (1910) | |
Chauris (2014) | |
Baret (1905) | |
Georgia | |
| Kekelia et al. (2008) |
Germany | |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Wimmenauer (1955) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Gröbner et al. (2005) |
| Walenta (1992) +1 other reference |
| |
| Walenta (1992) |
| |
| |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| |
| Lapis 1987 (7/8) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
Dill (2008) | |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| see locality page |
| Schmitt (1993) |
| Schwarzmeier (2015) +2 other references |
| Nickel et al. (1985) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Nickel et al. (1985) |
| Wagner et al. (2002) |
| |
| SEM-EDS by Joy Desor |
Eigenfunde/Halde Manfred Gross | |
Eigenfonds Manfred Groß 2005. Analyse ... +1 other reference | |
Eigenfunde/Halde Manfred Gross | |
| |
| Baumgärtl (2014) +1 other reference |
| Gröbner (2007) |
| Der Aufschluss 2000 (2) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Krupp et al. (1989) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Wittern (2001) |
Wittern (2001) | |
| Gröbner et al. (2011) |
Thomas Luehr collection | |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Baumann et al. (2000) |
| Forster et al. (2004) +1 other reference |
Vollstädt et al. (1991) | |
| Forster et al. (2004) |
T. Witzke (1992) | |
| www.mineralienatlas.de (2011) |
| Lapis (4) |
Baumann et al. (2000) | |
Lapis (10) | |
| Gröbner J. +1 other reference |
| Frenzel (1874) |
Natural History Museum Vienna (catalogued in 1863) | |
| Wittern (2001) |
Breithaupt (1866) | |
Wittern (2001) | |
Wittern (2001) | |
| Gröbner J. et al. (2006) |
| Lapis 30 (7/8) |
Reinhardt et al. (2022) | |
Wittern (2001) | |
| Sammlung MMG Dresden (Inv.-Nr.: Min 13926 Sa) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Sejkora et al. (2009) |
| Mineralien-Welt (2) |
| |
WEISS et al. (2001) | |
| Wittern (2001) |
Gröbner et al. (2007) +1 other reference | |
| |
Ghana | |
| Oberthür et al. (1997) |
Greece | |
| Hanke (1996) |
| P. Voudouris (2005) +2 other references |
Rieck et al. (2022) | |
| Panagiotis Voudouris & Paul Spry (2008) |
| Kanellopoulos et al. (2024) |
Greenland | |
| Pedersen (1980) |
| Petersen (2001) |
| Karup-Møller et al. (1974) +1 other reference |
| Fleischer M et al. (1980) |
| Sørensen (1962) +1 other reference |
| Nutman et al. (2007) |
Guinea | |
| Biagioni (2007) |
Hungary | |
| Szakáll & Jánosi. Minerals of Hungary |
Szakáll et al. (1996) | |
India | |
| Econ Geol (1989) +1 other reference |
| Singh et al. (1991) |
| Econ Geol (1989) |
Econ Geol (1989) | |
| Saravanan et al. (2009) |
| Holler et al. (1995) |
| Anand et al. (2022) |
Iran | |
| Nezafatis (2006) |
| Mehrabi (2008) |
Ireland | |
| Ixer |
| Moreton (1999) |
Italy | |
| · Maletto et al. (2016) |
| AA. VV. |
| Bedognè et al. (2006) |
| Gentile et al. (2012) |
AA. VV. +1 other reference | |
| Bortolozzi (n.d.) +1 other reference |
Gentile et al. (2023) | |
| Gentile et al. (2023) |
| Barresi A.A. et al. (Piemonte) |
Barresi et al. (2003) | |
| Respino (1980) |
| Boscardin M. (1990) +1 other reference |
| doi.org (n.d.) +1 other reference |
| Stara et al. (1996) |
| Stara et al. (1993) |
| doi.org (n.d.) +1 other reference |
| Stara et al. (1996) |
| doi.org (n.d.) +3 other references |
Sabelli (2000) | |
Stara et al. (1996) | |
| Stara et al. (1993) |
| Stara et al. (1993) |
Stara et al. (1993) | |
| Orlandi et al. (1997) |
| Barsotti et al. (2006) |
L. Bombicci (1862) | |
Japan | |
| Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 25 et al. (1987) |
| Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated by the Geological Survey of Japan) +1 other reference |
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated by the Geological Survey of Japan) | |
| Kase (1987) |
| Haruna (2002) |
| |
Yamaoka (1982) | |
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) | |
| Imai (1978) |
| Petrov (n.d.) |
Petrov (n.d.) | |
| Masutomi Museum specimens |
| Matsubara et al. (2001) +1 other reference |
| Matsubara et al. (2009) |
Uehara et al. (2014) | |
OHNISHI et al. (2013) | |
| Kusachi et al. (1996) +1 other reference |
| Matsueda (1983) |
Kazakhstan | |
| Miroshnikova A. et al. (2014) +1 other reference |
| Hwang et al. (2013) +1 other reference |
| Pekov et al. (1997) |
| Baibatsha et al. (2015) |
| Sal'kov +1 other reference |
Kosovo | |
| Féraud J. (1979) |
| Mederski et al. (2021) |
Mederski et al. (2021) | |
Kyrgyzstan | |
| Pavlova et al. (2009) |
Pavlova et al. (2009) | |
Libya | |
| Lustrino et al. (2012) |
Malaysia | |
| Teh (1981) |
Mali | |
| McFarlane et al. (2011) |
Mauritania | |
| Sakellaris et al. (2009) |
Mexico | |
| Bart Cannon Probe of RWMW specimen now ... |
| |
| Panczner (1987) |
| Panczner (1987) |
Panczner (1987) | |
| Panczner (1987) |
| Panczner (1987) |
Mongolia | |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) |
| Pavlova et al. (2009) |
Pavlova et al. (2009) | |
Borisenko et al. (1999) +1 other reference | |
| G.M. Tsareva data |
Morocco | |
| Favreau et al. (2007) |
| Subías et al. (2022) |
Favreau et al. (2006) | |
| Favreau et al. (2006) |
| Tuduri et al. (2018) |
| Samira |
Barral et al. (2009) | |
| Favreau et al. (2007) |
Favreau et al. (2007) | |
Favreau et al. (2006) | |
Favreau et al. (2006) | |
found by Frank de Wit | |
Praszkier (2010) +1 other reference | |
| Favreau et al. (2006) |
| Favreau et al. (2006) |
| Favreau et al. (2006) +1 other reference |
| Paar et al. (2006) |
| Fontan (1978) |
| Ph. M. Sonnet : "Burtite |
| Econ Geol (1990) |
Econ Geol (1990) | |
Econ Geol (1990) | |
Namibia | |
| Bezing et al. (2007) |
| Uwe Kolitsch (single-crystal X-ray diffraction) +2 other references |
| von Bezing (2007) |
New Zealand | |
| Pirajno et al. (1985) |
North Korea | |
| University of Tokyo - Specimens No. ... |
| watanabe (in: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Far East, University of Tokyo Press, 1969) |
Norway | |
| W. L. Griffin et al. (1977) |
| Bancroft et al. (2001) |
| Neumann et al. (1955) |
| Hurum et al. (1997) +2 other references |
Nordenskiöld (1875) | |
| Ramdohr (1938) |
| Husdal (2020) |
Neumann (1985) | |
Neumann et al. (1955) | |
Neumann et al. (1955) | |
| Ellingsen et al. (2000) |
| Birkeland et al. (1993) |
| Neumann et al. (1955) |
| Bryhni (1993) |
| Geological Survey of Norway (NGU) |
| Krusch (1916) |
| Larsen et al. (2010) |
Larsen et al. (2005) | |
| Larsen et al. (2010) |
| Larsen et al. (1976) |
Raade et al. (1983) | |
Raade et al. (1983) | |
| Berge (n.d.) |
Berge (n.d.) | |
Berge (n.d.) | |
| Larsen et al. (1991) |
| Jamtveit et al. (1997) |
| Brøgger (1890, January) |
Berge (n.d.) | |
Eldjarn (1983) | |
Field collected by Knut Eldjarn. ... | |
Frode Andersen observation 1989 | |
Larsen et al. (2010) | |
Larsen et al. (2010) | |
Andersen et al. (1996) | |
Brøgger (1890, January) | |
Knut Eldjarn specimen and photo +1 other reference | |
Brøgger (1890, January) | |
Åsheim et al. (1980) | |
| Åmli et al. (1972) |
Larsen (2015) | |
| Larsen (2013) |
| Brøgger (1890, January) |
Andersen et al. (1996) +1 other reference | |
Brøgger (1890, January) | |
Pacific Ocean | |
| Eos Trans. AGU (48) +1 other reference |
Pakistan | |
| Hussain et al. (2021) |
| Canadian Mineralogist |
imported from Rondu District +1 other reference | |
Peru | |
| Harlaux et al. (2023) |
Poland | |
| Parafiniuk et al. (2010) |
Siuda (2001) | |
| Mochnacka et al. (2009) +1 other reference |
| Mederski et al. (2020) |
Mochnacka et al. (2012) +1 other reference | |
Siuda (2012) | |
Mochnacka et al. (2012) | |
| Długoszewska A. 2005: Minerals from ... +1 other reference |
Mochnacka et al. (2015) | |
Mochnacka K. 1966: Minerały kruszcowe złoża polimetalicznego w Kowarach (Dolny Śląsk) +2 other references | |
Kozłowski et al. (2022) | |
| Łukasz Kruszewski XRF data and visual observations (in situ) |
Piestrzyński (Main Ed.) | |
Piestrzyński et al. (2012) | |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
Lis et al. (1986) | |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
Lis et al. (1986) | |
Piestrzyński A. et al. (electrum) | |
| Mederski et al. (2020) |
| Mederski et al. (2020) |
Mederski et al. (2020) | |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
Lis et al. (1986) | |
S. Z. Mikulski (1996) +1 other reference | |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
Lis et al. (1986) | |
| Mikulski (2013) |
Portugal | |
| Marques de Sá et al. (2010) |
| |
| Reiser et al. (2011) |
| Cabri et al. (1998) +2 other references |
| |
The Mineralogical Record et al. (Carlos Curto Milà and Jordi Fabre, pages 11-55) +1 other reference | |
| LNEG Siorminp ID 1218Au |
| Oliveira et al. (1998) +1 other reference |
| PROSPEG – Projecto de prospecção +1 other reference |
| Martins (2018) |
Romania | |
| Berbeleac et al. (1969) |
| Singer et al. (2008) |
Szakáll (2002) | |
| Damian (2012) |
| Udubaªa et al. (2006) |
Russia | |
| Pavlova et al. (2009) |
| Maslennikov et al. (2005) +1 other reference |
Rakhimov et al. (2023) | |
| Mironov et al. (2008) |
| Vikent'eva et al. (2016, April) +2 other references |
| Nagornaya et al. (2021) |
| Kurguzova et al. (2014) |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) +1 other reference |
Sushchevskaya et al. (2012, April) | |
Evseev (1973) | |
Alekseev et al. (2015) | |
| Sklyarov et al. (2021) |
| Tararin et al. (2007) |
Tararin et al. (2007) | |
| S. ISHIMARU (2009) |
| Alekseev et al. (2015) |
Krymsky et al. (1997) +4 other references | |
| Gonevchuk et al. (2010) |
| Tretiakova et al. (2010) |
| Sazonov +5 other references |
Kovalev et al. (2023) | |
| Gritsenko et al. (2008) |
| Yulia D. Gritsenko (2005) +1 other reference |
| Spiridonov et al. (2016) |
| Volkov et al. (2013) |
Voroshin et al. (2014) | |
| Зубрев И.Н |
Voroshin et al. (2006) | |
Goryachev (2001) | |
| ... +1 other reference |
| Arzamastsev et al. (2008) |
Menshikov et al. (2015) | |
| European Journal of Mineralogy 19 (2007) |
| Karpov S.M. et al. (2012) |
| Pakhomovsky et al. (2018) |
| Pekov (2000) |
Pekov (1998) +1 other reference | |
| Pekov (2005) |
| Pekov (2000) |
Kotriy et al. (1996) | |
| Voloshin A.V. et al. (1986) |
Yakovenchuk et al. (2011) | |
| Bazai et al. (2009) |
Lyalina et al. (2009) | |
| Kalinin +4 other references |
Gavrilenko (2001) | |
Pekov (1998) | |
| Zaikov et al. (2006) |
| Grant et al. (2001) |
| Gonevchuk et al. (2005) +1 other reference |
Alekseev et al. (2015) | |
| Perevoznikova et al. (2022) |
| Перевозникова et al. (СИХОТЭ-АЛИНЬ) |
Kazachenko et al. (2013) | |
| Kuleshevich et al. (2008) |
Ivashchenko et al. (2006) +1 other reference | |
Valkama et al. (2013) | |
| V.A. Gorelov (1997) |
| P.Kartashov data +1 other reference |
| Ivashchenko et al. (2018, June) +1 other reference |
| 33rd International Geological Congress (2008) |
| Zaitsev et al. (2019) |
| Joan Rosell. RosellMinerals.com |
| Bortnikov et al. (2007) |
| Vikent'eva et al. (2016, April) |
| Vikent'eva et al. (2016, April) +2 other references |
| USGS Open File Report 2005-1252 p173ff +3 other references |
| Kapustin et al. (1965) |
USGS Open File Report 2005-1252 p173 | |
| Pavlova et al. (2009) |
| Pavlova et al. (2009) |
Pavlova et al. (2009) | |
| Gillen et al. (Eds.) |
Serbia | |
| Cissarz et al. (1957) |
| Ministry of Mining and Energy (2002) |
Ministry of Mining and Energy (2002) | |
Slovakia | |
| Koděra (1986) |
| Dill (1998) +1 other reference |
| Koděra (1986) |
| Koděra (1986) |
Pauliš P. | |
Grecula (1995) | |
| Koděra (1986) |
| Halahyjová-Andrusovová G. et al. (in Slovak) |
Halahyjová-Andrusovová G. et al. (in Slovak) | |
| Koděra (1986) +1 other reference |
Koděra (1986) | |
| Mikuš T. et al. (Western Carpathians) +2 other references |
South Africa | |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
Malcolm Southwood (2002) | |
| Cairncross et al. (1992) +1 other reference |
Beih. z. Eur. J. Mineral 18 (2006) +1 other reference | |
| Maria T. Atanasova photo ID: 1022754 |
| R. Liferovich - L. Horváth p.c. (2004) |
| S.M.C. Verryn et al (1991) |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
Cairncross et al. (1995) | |
South Korea | |
| IMAI et al. (1984) +3 other references |
Spain | |
| G. Leal et al. (2005) |
| Rewitzer C. +2 other references |
| Robert Jenkins |
| Tornos et al. (1998) |
| Gervilla et al. (1980) |
| Econ Geol (1990) |
Econ Geol (1990) | |
| Calvo (2003) |
| Am Min 57:3 pp 354-363 +1 other reference |
| Anthony et al. (1990) |
| Lopez Ciriano et al. (1997) |
| Calvo (2008) |
| Arcos et al. (1996) |
Cepedal et al. (2006) | |
| - (1998) +1 other reference |
| Mata i Perelló (1990) |
| C. Canet et al. |
| Ruíz García (1976) +1 other reference |
| Garófano-Medina et al. (2021) |
| Calvo (2003) |
Sweden | |
| |
| Wilke (1976) |
Wilke (1976) | |
Natural History Museum ( item # 19940276) +1 other reference | |
| Pieslinger (2023) |
| Högbom (1929) |
| Econ Geol (1992) |
| Dobbe et al. (1998) |
| Langhof et al. (1998) |
| Swedish Museum of Natural History (Naturarv database) |
| Damman et al. (1990) |
Damman et al. (1991) | |
| Gatedal (n.d.) |
K.Gatedal +1 other reference | |
Gatedal (n.d.) | |
| Econ Geol (1984) |
| Andersson et al. (2014) |
| Nysten (1984) |
| the Palaeoproterozoic Fäboliden ... +2 other references |
Johan Söderhielm | |
| |
Gavelin | |
Axelsson et al. (2006) | |
| Grensman et al. (1991) |
| Ossian Åström (2015) |
Kalinowski (1993) +1 other reference | |
| Lundqvist et al. (1990) |
Switzerland | |
| Romani (2000) +1 other reference |
Romani (2000) | |
| Weiß (1982) |
| Ansermet (2012) |
| Stalder et al. (1998) +1 other reference |
| Stalder et al. (1998) +1 other reference |
| Stalder et al. (1998) +1 other reference |
Stalder et al. (1998) +1 other reference | |
| Stalder et al. (1998) +1 other reference |
Tajikistan | |
| I. Pekov data pers. comm. L. Horváth ... |
| Pavlova et al. (2009) |
| Badalov et al. (1975) |
Turlychkin et al. (1972) | |
Turkey | |
| Kines (1969) |
| Akinci (2009) |
UK | |
| George et al. (1981) |
| |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| Hill et al. (1906) |
Lerouge et al. (2017) | |
| Rick Turner |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
Moore et al. (1984) | |
| Collected Jan 2005. |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
Embrey (1953) | |
| Kingsbury et al. (1957) |
| Kingsbury et al. (1960) +2 other references |
Stanley et al. (1991) | |
| |
Braithwaite et al. (2) | |
| |
| Neumann et al. (1955) |
| S. Rust collection |
| von Knorring et al. (1984) +1 other reference |
Identified by Prof R. Scrivener (Oct 2005) +3 other references | |
www.mineralman.f9.co.uk (2001) | |
| Rumsey et al. (2008) |
| Braithwaite et al. (1990) |
Ukraine | |
| Alexander Babynin & Eugenia Slivko (1999) +1 other reference |
| Mudrovska et al. (2005) +2 other references |
USA | |
| USGS OFR 98-287 (Freeman,1998) |
| - (2008) |
- (2008) | |
| - (2008) |
| Rombach et al. (2002, October) +1 other reference |
| Rasor (1946) +2 other references |
| Murdoch (1966) |
| Erd et al. (1988) |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 77. +1 other reference |
| Vol. 139: 53 +4 other references |
| Rytuba |
| Rytuba |
| Kelley (1937) +1 other reference |
| Woodford et al. (1941) |
| Jahns et al. (1951) +1 other reference |
Jahns et al. (1951) | |
| Rocks & Minerals +1 other reference |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 77 +4 other references |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 78 +3 other references |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Januzzi et al. (1976) |
| Schairer (1931) +1 other reference |
| Chomiak (1989) +1 other reference |
David Busha collection +1 other reference | |
| Schooner (circa 1985) +1 other reference |
| Januzzi et al. (1976) |
| |
| |
| Jeffrey Morrison et al. (2018) |
| Rocks and Minerals (1999) +1 other reference |
| King et al. (1994) |
| Falster et al. (2019) |
| |
| King et al. (1994) +1 other reference |
| |
King et al. (1994) +1 other reference | |
www.webmineral.com (2000) +1 other reference | |
| Dionne et al. (2014) |
| ef.: Dana 7:I:320 +1 other reference |
| Morong |
| Harvard Mineralogical Museum |
| Plante (1992) |
| Raič et al. (2015) |
| Econ Geol (1997) |
| Gobla (2012) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Mankins (2022) |
Mankins (2022) | |
| Rocks&Min. 67:158-168 |
| Smith (2005) |
| Smith (2005) |
| Cameron et al. (1954) |
Smith (2005) | |
| USGS Prof Paper 353 +2 other references |
Whitmore et al. (2004) | |
| Smith (2005) |
| Rocks & Minerals 80:4 pp234-241 +2 other references |
| Morrill +1 other reference |
| Palache (1935) +1 other reference |
... | |
Palache (1935) | |
FOMS Millsite Committee (1986) | |
Oen +2 other references | |
| Palache (1935) +1 other reference |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| Jahns et al. (1977) |
| Manchester (1931) |
NY State Museum spec. no. 12194 | |
| USGS Bulletion No.74 +1 other reference |
... | |
| Colburn Mineral Museum |
| F.A Genth and W.C Kerr (1881) |
F.A Genth and W.C Kerr (1881) | |
Genth (1891) | |
| USGS Prof Paper 297F. +1 other reference |
| Smith et al. (2000) |
Smith et al. (2000) | |
Staatz +4 other references | |
Smith et al. (2000) | |
Smith et al. (2000) | |
Smith et al. (2000) | |
Smith et al. (2000) | |
Smith et al. (2000) | |
Roberts et al. (1965) | |
| Rocks & Minerals: 60: 117-118. +4 other references |
| Smith et al. (2000) |
Roberts et al. (1965) | |
| PEDRAZA ROJAS et al. (2016) |
Smith et al. (2000) | |
| Roberts et al. (1965) |
| Roberts et al. (1965) |
| Smith et al. (2000) |
Smith et al. (2000) | |
| Rocks & Min.:10:147 & 60:112 |
Geology and mineral deposits of some ... +2 other references | |
Rocks & Minerals: 67 (6) +1 other reference | |
Smith et al. (2000) | |
USGS Prof Paper 297A. +1 other reference | |
Smith et al. (2000) | |
| DANA R. KELLEY AND PAUL F. KERR (1958) |
| Thorne (n.d.) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Harvard Mineralogical Museum |
| Dietrich (1990) |
| Dietrich (1990) |
| Micro Probe Volume VI Number 8 +1 other reference |
| Falster et al. (1996) |
Uzbekistan | |
| Mineraly Uzbekistana (Minerals of the Uzbekistan) |
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Huanggang Fe-Sn deposit, Hexigten Banner, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia, China