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Ludlamite

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Ludlamite

San Antonio Mine, East Camp, Santa Eulalia District, Mun. de Aquiles Serdán, Chihuahua, Mexico
Ludlamite

Hagendorf South Pegmatite, Hagendorf, Waidhaus, Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, Germany
Ludlamite

Blackbird Mine, Blackbird mine complex, Blackbird District, Lemhi Co., Idaho, USA
Ludlamite

San Antonio Mine, East Camp, Santa Eulalia District, Mun. de Aquiles Serdán, Chihuahua, Mexico
Ludlamite

San Antonio Mine, East Camp, Santa Eulalia District, Mun. de Aquiles Serdán, Chihuahua, Mexico
Ludlamite

Hagendorf South Pegmatite, Hagendorf, Waidhaus, Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, Germany
Ludlamite

Blackbird Mine, Blackbird mine complex, Blackbird District, Lemhi Co., Idaho, USA
Ludlamite

San Antonio Mine, East Camp, Santa Eulalia District, Mun. de Aquiles Serdán, Chihuahua, Mexico
Ludlamite

San Antonio Mine, East Camp, Santa Eulalia District, Mun. de Aquiles Serdán, Chihuahua, Mexico
Ludlamite

Hagendorf South Pegmatite, Hagendorf, Waidhaus, Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, Germany
Formula:
Fe32+(PO4)2 · 4H2O
System:
Monoclinic
Colour:
Apple-green to bright ...
Lustre:
Sub-Vitreous, Resinous, Greasy
Hardness:
3½
Name:
Named in 1877 by Frederick Field in honor of Henry Ludlam [October 14, 1824 England, United Kingdom - June 23, 1880 London, England, United Kingdom], English mineral collector, London, England.
A secondary phosphate mineral in complex granitic pegmatites; also found in polymetallic veins.

Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Ludlamite.


Classification of Ludlamite

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Strunz 8th ed.:
7/C.10-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:
8.CD.20

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
D : With only medium-sized cations, RO4:H2O = 1:2
Dana 8th ed.:
40.3.5.1

40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
3 : A3(XO4)2·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:
19.12.35

19 : Phosphates
12 : Phosphates of Mn

Physical Properties of Ludlamite

Lustre:
Sub-Vitreous, Resinous, Greasy
Diaphaneity (Transparency):
Transparent, Translucent
Comment:
Pearly on cleavage {001}
Colour:
Apple-green to bright green; nearly colourless in transmitted light; rarely blue
Streak:
Pale greenish white
Hardness (Mohs):
3½
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
Perfect on {001}, indistinct on {100}
Density:
3.12 - 3.19 g/cm3 (Measured)    3.176 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Ludlamite

Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.650 - 1.653 nβ = 1.669 - 1.675 nγ = 1.688 - 1.697
2V:
Measured: 82° , Calculated: 86° to 88°
Birefringence:
0.041
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.038 - 0.044
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Dispersion:
r > v perceptible
Optical Extinction:
Y=b, Z ^ c = -67°
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic

Chemical Properties of Ludlamite

IMA Formula:
Fe32+(PO4)2 · 4H2O
Elements listed in formula:
Fe, H, O, P - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of Ludlamite

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Space Group Setting:
P21/a
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.541(5) Å, b = 4.646(4) Å, c = 9.324(5) Å
β = 100.43°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 2.269 : 1 : 2.007
Unit Cell Volume:
V 449.08 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Crystals tabular {001}, exhibiting forms {100}, {110}, {001}, and {_111}, and others. Form parallel groups at times. Also occurs granular, massive.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
4.91 (75)
3.96 (100)
3.74 (50)
2.990 (60)
2.765 (100)
2.543 (100)
2.387 (40)
Comments:
ICDD 17-468; See also 35-634

Occurrences of Ludlamite

Type Occurrence of Ludlamite

Type Locality:
Wheal Jane (Falmouth Consolidated Mines), Baldhu, Kea, Camborne - Redruth - St Day District, Cornwall, England, UK
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
The Natural History Museum, London, England: #44187.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Copper-tin veins associated with granite intrusives
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
SphaleriteQuartzPyrite

Relationship of Ludlamite to other Species

Common Associates:
Fairfieldite
Fluorapatite
Phosphoferrite
Siderite
Triphylite
Triplite
Triploidite
Vivianite
Whitlockite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
8.CD.CastellaroiteMn32+(AsO4)2 · 4.5H2O
8.CD.05KolbeckiteScPO4 · 2H2O
8.CD.05MetavarisciteAlPO4 · 2H2O
8.CD.05PhosphosideriteFe3+PO4 · 2H2O
8.CD.05UM2005-02-AsO:AlHPScSiScAsO4 · 2H2O
8.CD.10MansfielditeAlAsO4 · 2H2O
8.CD.10ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
8.CD.10StrengiteFe3+PO4 · 2H2O
8.CD.10VarisciteAlPO4 · 2H2O
8.CD.10YanomamiteInAsO4 · 2H2O
8.CD.15ParascoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
8.CD.25SterlinghilliteMn32+(AsO4)2 · 3H2O
8.CD.30RollanditeCu3(AsO4)2 · 4H2O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
19.12.1MetaswitzeriteMn32+(PO4)2 · 4H2O
19.12.2BermaniteMn2+Mn23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
19.12.3NatrophiliteNaMn2+PO4
19.12.4SidorenkiteNa3Mn(PO4)(CO3)
19.12.5Niahite(NH4)Mn2+PO4 · H2O
19.12.6RobertsiteCa2Mn33+O2(PO4)3 · 3H2O
19.12.7PararobertsiteCa2Mn33+O2(PO4)3 · 3H2O
19.12.8SinkankasiteMn2+Al(PO3OH)2(OH) · 6H2O
19.12.9MangangordoniteMn2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.12.10HeterositeFe3+PO4
19.12.11Purpurite(Mn3+,Fe3+)PO4
19.12.12WolfeiteFe22+PO4(OH)
19.12.13TriploiditeMn22+(PO4)(OH)
19.12.14LipscombiteFe2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2
19.12.15FrondeliteMn2+Fe43+(PO4)3(OH)5
19.12.16RockbridgeiteFe2+Fe43+(PO4)3(OH)5
19.12.17Kryzhanovskite(Fe3+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2(OH,H2O)3
19.12.18LandesiteMn92+Fe33+(PO4)8(OH)3 · 9H2O
19.12.19PhosphoferriteFe32+(PO4)2 · 3H2O
19.12.20ReddingiteMn32+(PO4)2 · 3H2O
19.12.21EarlshannoniteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
19.12.22HureauliteMn52+(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O
19.12.23SwitzeriteMn32+(PO4)2 · 7H2O
19.12.24LaueiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.12.25PseudolaueiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 7-8H2O
19.12.26StrunziteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O
19.12.27StewartiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.12.28Alluaudite(Na,Ca)(Mn,Mg,Fe2+)(Fe3+,Mn2+)2(PO4)3
19.12.29FerroalluauditeNaFe2+Fe23+(PO4)3
19.12.30FillowiteNa2CaMn72+(PO4)6
19.12.31JohnsomervilleiteNa10Ca6Mg18Fe252+(PO4)36
19.12.32WicksiteNaCa2Fe22+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+)4(PO4)6 · 2H2O
19.12.33Dickinsonite-(KMnNa)K(NaMn)CaNa3AlMn13(PO4)12(OH)2
19.12.34SarcopsideFe32+(PO4)2
19.12.36Graftonite(Fe2+,Mn2+,Ca)3(PO4)2
19.12.37WilhelmvierlingiteCaMn2+Fe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O
19.12.38FairfielditeCa2Mn2+(PO4)2 · 2H2O
19.12.39BeusiteMn2+Mn22+(PO4)2
19.12.40MesseliteCa2Fe2+(PO4)2 · 2H2O
19.12.41Jahnsite-(CaMnFe)CaMn2+Fe22+Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.12.42Jahnsite-(CaMnMn)CaMn2+Mn22+Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.12.43Jahnsite-(CaMnMg)CaMn2+Mg2Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.12.44KeckiteCaMn2+(Fe3+Mn2+)Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)3 · 7H2O
19.12.45StanfielditeCa4Mg5(PO4)6
19.12.46Laubmannite(Fe2+,Mn2+,Ca)3Fe63+(PO4)4(OH)12
19.12.47ZodaciteCa4Mn2+Fe43+(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2O
19.12.48HagendorfiteNaCaMn2+Fe22+(PO4)3
19.12.49Maghagendorfite(Na,◻)MgMn2+(Fe2+,Fe3+)2(PO4)3
19.12.50VaruliteNaCaMn32+(PO4)3
19.12.51GriphiteCa(Mn2+,Na,Li)6Fe2+Al2(PO4)6(F,OH)2
19.12.52AttakoliteCaMn2+Al4(HSiO4)(PO4)3(OH)4
19.12.53Arrojadite-(KFe)(KNa)Fe2+(CaNa2)Fe132+Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH)2
19.12.54Lun'okiteMgMn2+Al(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2O
19.12.55EosphoriteMn2+AlPO4(OH)2 · H2O
19.12.56Ernstite(Mn2+,Fe3+)AlPO4(OH,O)2
19.12.57ChildreniteFe2+AlPO4(OH)2 · H2O
19.12.58BobfergusoniteNa2Mn52+Fe3+Al(PO4)6
19.12.59QingheiiteNa2Mn2+MgAl(PO4)3
19.12.60Whiteite-(CaFeMg)CaFe2+Mg2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.12.61Whiteite-(CaMnMg)CaMn2+Mg2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.12.62Whiteite-(MnFeMg)Mn2+Fe2+Mg2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.12.63Rittmannite(Mn2+,Ca)Mn2+(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)2(Al,Fe3+)2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.12.64ZanazziiteCa2Mg5Be4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 6H2O
19.12.65SamuelsoniteCa9Mn42+Al2(PO4)10(OH)2

Other Names for Ludlamite

Synonyms:

Lehnerite (of Müllbauer)

Name in Other Languages:
German:Ludlamit
Spanish:Ludlamita

Other Information

Fluorescence in UV light:
Not fluorescent in UV
Magnetism:
Diamagnetic
Other Information:
Soluble in acids.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Ludlamite

Reference List:
Maskelyne and Field (1877) Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science: 3: 52, 135, 525.

Field, F. (1885): On ludlamite, a new Cornish mineral, Mineralogical Magazine, 6, 23-31.

Goldschmidt, V. (1918) Atlas der Krystallformen. 9 volumes, atlas, and text: vol. 5: 171.

Berman (1925) American Mineralogist: 10: 428.

Larsen, E.S. and Berman, H. (1934) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, Second edition, USGS Bulletin 848: 124.

Glass and Vhay (1949) American Mineralogist: 34: 335.

Wolfe (1949) American Mineralogist: 34: 94.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 952-953.

Abrahams, S.C. and J.L. Bernstein (1966) Crystal structure of paramagnetic ludlamite, Fe3(PO4)2 •4H2O, at 298°K. Journal of Chemical Physics, Lancaster, PA, 44(6), 2223–2229.

Anthony, J.W., Bideaux, R.A., Bladh, K.W., and Nichols, M.C. (2000) Handbook of Mineralogy, Volume IV. Arsenates, Phosphates, Vanadates. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, AZ, 680pp.: 322.

U. Kolitsch, G. Giester and F. Brandstätter (2011): Mg-rich ludlamite and Mg-rich whiteite-(CaFeMg) from the phosphate pegmatite boulder at Laggerhof, Carinthia. Joint Meeting of the DGK, DMG and ÖMG, Salzburg, Austria, September 20-24, 2011; Abstracts Volume, p. 135.

Internet Links for Ludlamite

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    Localities for Ludlamite

    This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) indicates first recorded locality for everything else. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Koralpe
        • Moschkogel - Weinebene area
          • Brandrücken
    		G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
      • Millstatt lake ridge
        • Spittal
          • Millstatt lake
    		U. Kolitsch, G. Giester and F. Brandstätter (2011): Mg-rich ludlamite and Mg-rich whiteite-(CaFeMg) from the phosphate pegmatite boulder at Laggerhof, Carinthia. Joint Meeting of the DGK, DMG and ÖMG, Salzburg, Austria, September 20-24, 2011; Abstracts Volume, p. 135.; Auer, Ch., Kolitsch, U., Bernhard, F. & Brandstätter, F. (2012): 1732) Arsenopyrit, Columbit-(Fe), Graphit, Ludlamit und gediegen Wismut vom Pegmatit beim Laggerhof, Millstätter Seerücken, Kärnten. Pp. 136-137 in Niedermayr, G. et al. (2012): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXI. Carinthia II, 202./122., 123-180.
    Bolivia
     
    • Oruro Department
      • Dalence Province
        • Huanuni
    		[MinRec 32:472]
    Royal Ontario Museum specimen (Pala, obtained 1972)
        • Pazña
          • Monserrat-Antequera district
    		Royal Ontario Museum specimen (Pala; obtained 1972)
    • Potosí Department
      • Cornelio Saavedra Province
        • Machacamarca District (Colavi District)
    		First found here in December 2003. -Alfredo Petrov
    Bosnia and Herzegovina
     
    • Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
      • Tuzla Canton
        • Srebrenica
    		Slobodan A. Radosavljević, Jovica N. Stojanović, Ana S. Radosavljević-Mihajlović, Nikola S. Vuković (2016): (Pb–Sb)-bearing sphalerite from the Čumavići polymetallic ore deposit, Podrinje Metallogenic District, East Bosnia and Herzegovina. Ore Geology Reviews 72, 253-268.
    Radosavljević, S., Đorđević, D., Stojanović, J., Radosavljević-Mihajlović, A., & Kašić, V. (2014). Srebrenica Orefield, Podrinje Metallogenic District, Republic of Srpska, B&h: Hydrated Fe (Al)-phosphates and Their Parageneses Within the Pb-Zn Mineralization. Архив за техничке науке, 1(11), 1-6.
    Brazil
     
    • Amazonas
      • São Gabriel da Cachoeira
    		Sergio Varvello collection
    • Minas Gerais
      • Conselheiro Pena
    		Canadian Mlneralogist Vol. 20, pp. 87-89 (1982)
    Baijot, M., Hatert, F., Dal Rio, F. & Philipo, S. (2014) Mineralogy and petrography of phosphate mineral association from the Jocão pegmatite, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Canadian Mineralogist 52, 373-397.
      • Galiléia
        • Laranjeiras
    		Cassedanne, J. P. & Cassedanne, J. O.(1978): Ludlamite crystals from Galileia. Mineralogical Record. 9: 41: [MinRec 12:69]
        • Sapucaia do Norte
    		Baijot, M., Hatert, F. & Philippo, S. (2012): Mineralogy and geochemistry of phosphates and silicates in the Sapucaia pegmatite, Minas Gerais, Brazil: Genetic implications. Canadian Mineralogist. 50, 1531-1554
    Canada
     
    • Yukon
      • Dawson Mining District
    		[Mineralogical Record Vol 23 No.4 pp27]
    Robinson, G.W., Van Velthuizen, J., Ansell, H.G. & Sturman, B.D. (1992): Mineralogy of the Rapid Creek and Big Fish River area, Yukon Territory. Mineralogical Record 23, 1-47
    [Mineralogical Record Vol 23 No.4 pp27]
          • Stoneman Camp (Area B; Area 2)
    		Robinson, G.W., Van Velthuizen, J., Ansell, H.G. & Sturman, B.D. (1992): Mineralogy of the Rapid Creek and Big Fish River area, Yukon Territory. Mineralogical Record 23, 1-47
    China
     
    • Fujian Province
      • Nanping Prefecture
        • Yanping District
          • Nanping pegmatite field (Xikeng pegmatite field)
    		Rao, C., Wang, R. C., Hatert, F., & Baijot, M. (2014). Hydrothermal transformations of triphylite from the Nanping No. 31 pegmatite dyke, southeastern China. European Journal of Mineralogy, 26(1), 179-188.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
        • Kutná Hora (Kuttenberg)
    		Povondra, P., Pivec, E. (eds.) et al.: Přibyslavice peraluminuous granite. Acta universitatis carolinae, Geologica, 1987, no. 3, s . 183 – 283.
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Aš (Asch)
    		Breiter K., Škoda R., Veselovský F.: Neobvyklý P-, Li- a Sn-bohatý pegmatit z Vernéřova u Aše, Česká republika. Bulletin Mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 2009, roč. 17, č. 1, s. 41-59.
      • Plzeň Region
        • Poběžovice (Ronsperg; Ronsberg; Ronsperk)
          • Otov
    		Masau, M., Staněk, J., Černý, P., Chapman, R. (2000). Metasomatic wolfeite and associated phosphates from the Otov I granitic pegmatite, western Bohemia. J. Czech Geol. Soc. 45, 159-173.
    Finland
     
    • Eastern Finland Region
      • Tohmajärvi
    		Kallio, P. & Alviol, R. 1968. Triphylites and lithiphilites from the granite pegmatites of the communes of Kitee and Tohmajärvi, E. Finland. in: International Mineral Assosiation papers and proceedings of the Ninth General Meeting, Berlin (West)-Regenburg, September 12-18. 1974. Fortschritte der Mineralogie. Special issue to vol. 52, 279-283.
    France
     
    • Nouvelle-Aquitaine
      • Creuse
        • Crozant
    		FONTAN F (1976) Les phosphates des pegmatites de la région de Crozant. Bulleti de la société française de minéralogie et de cristallographie 99 p 318-321
    • Occitanie
      • Aude
        • Carcassonne
          • Mas-Cabardès
            • Salsigne
    		 Le Règne Minéral, Hors série (3), 36-54; Cooper, Michael P.(1997) What’s New in Minerals, Munich Show 1996. Mineralogical Record 28:137
    Germany
     
    • Bavaria
      • Lower Bavaria
        • Zwiesel
          • Rabenstein
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
      • Upper Palatinate
        • Waidhaus
          • Hagendorf
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 729; Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990; Dill H.G.: "Mineralogical and chemical composition of the Hagendorf-North Pegmatite, SE Germany - a monographic study", J. Min. Geochem, 2013
    http://www.berthold-weber.de/h_miner.htm
    Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001; Dill, H. G., Weber, B., Gerdes, A., & Melcher, F. (2008). The Fe-Mn phosphate apliteSilbergrube'near Waidhaus, Germany: epithermal phosphate mineralization in the Hagendorf-Pleystein pegmatite province. Mineralogical Magazine, 72(5), 1119-1144.
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Ehrenfriedersdorf
    		Thomas, R., and Webster, J.D. (2000): Mineralium Deposita 35, 570-582.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Kanto region
        • Tochigi Prefecture
          • Nikko City
            • Ashio-machi
    		Ryoichi SADANAGA and Michiaki BUNNO (1974) THE WAKABAYASHI MINERAL COLLECTION Bulletin No. 7 The University Museum, The University of Tokyo
    Kosovo
     
    • District of Kosovska Mitrovica
      • Kosovska Mitrovica
        • Trepča valley
          • Trepča complex
    		Féraud J. (1979) - La mine " Stari-Trg " (Trepca, Yougoslavie) et ses richesses minéralogiques. Avec la collaboration de Mari D. et G. (1979) Minéraux et Fossiles, n° 59-60, p. 19-28
    Mexico
     
    • Chihuahua
      • Mun. de Aquiles Serdán
          • East Camp
    		MinRec 14:169; Panczner (1987): 77-395.
    Morocco
     
    • Marrakech-Safi Region
      • Rehamna Province
        • Jebilet Mtn (Djebilet Mtn)
          • Sidi Bou Othmane
    		Favreau, G. (2012): Deux pegmatites à phosphates de Sidi Bou Othmane (Maroc). Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, 3-2012, 71-109
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Sudetes Mts
        • Sowie Mts
          • Michałkowa (Michelsdorf)
    		Pieczka, A., Włodek, A., Gołębiowska, B., Szełęg, E., Szuszkiewicz, A., Ilnicki, S., Nejbert, K., Turniak, K. (2015): Phosphate-bearing pegmatites in the Góry Sowie Block and adjacent areas, Sudetes, SW Poland. 7th International Symposium on Granitic Pegmatites, PEG 2015 Książ, Poland. Abstracts: 77-78; Pieczka, A., Hawthorne, F.C., Gołębiowska, B., Włodek, A., Grochowina, A. (2016): Maneckiite, ideally NaCa2Fe2+2(Fe3+Mg)Mn2(PO4)6(H2O)2, a new phosphate mineral of the wicksite supergroup from the Michałkowa pegmatite, Góry Sowie block, southwestern Poland. Mineralogical Magazine: 80: (in press
      • Świdnica District
    		Włodek, A., Grochowina, A., Gołębiowska, B., Pieczka, A. (2015): A phosphate-bearing pegmatite from Lutomia and its relationships to other pegmatites of the Góry Sowie Block, southwestern Poland. Journal of Geosciences: 60: 45-72
    Portugal
     
    • Guarda District
      • Gouveia
        • Folgosinho
    		Alves, P., Leal Gomes, C., Lopes Nunes, J.E (2012) : Produtos de evolução de triplite-zwieselite, fluorapatite e isokite da mina Sítio do Castelo (Folgosinho, Guarda). II Congresso Jovens Investigadores em Geociências, LEG 2012.
      • Sabugal
        • Bendada
    		Schnorrer-Köhler (1991), Mineral Occurrences.
    • Vila Real District
      • Chaves
        • Vidago
    		Neiva, A. M. R., Silva, M. M. V. G., Antunes, I. M. H. R., & Ramos, J. M. F. (2000). Phosphate minerals of some granitic rocks associated quartz veins from northern and central Portugal.
    South Africa
     
    • Mpumalanga Province
      • Nkangala District
        • Delmas
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Spain
     
    • Murcia
      • La Unión
        • Sierra de Cartagena
    		Calvo, M. (1996). Mineralogía. La Unión. Bocamina, 2, 14-35
    Switzerland
     
    • Ticino (Tessin)
      • Lago Maggiore
    		Vignola, P., Diella, V., Oppizzi, P., Tiepolo, M. & Weiss, S. (2008): Phosphate assemblages from the Brissago granitic pegmatite, Western Southern Alps, Switzerland. Can. Mineral. 46, 635-650.
    UK (TL)
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • Camborne - Redruth - St Day District
          • Kea
            • Baldhu
    		Phil. Mag., 5th ser. (1877): 3, 52; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 953; Embrey & Symes (1987) "Minerals of Cornwall and Devon": 112.
    USA
     
    • California
      • San Diego Co.
        • Pala District
          • Pala
            • Hiriart Mountain (Hariat Mtn; Harriot Mtn; Heriart Mtn; Heriot Mtn; Hiriat Hill)
    		Anonymous (1951), World news on mineral occurrences: Rocks & Minerals: 26: 265-279; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 245.
    • Connecticut
      • Middlesex Co.
        • East Hampton (Chatham)
          • Cobalt
    		Schooner (1961)
    • Idaho
      • Lemhi Co.
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 953; Ream, Lanny R. (2004) Idaho Minerals, 2nd edition, Revised and Updated
          • Blackbird mine complex
    		R&M 70:4 pp 242-263; Allan Young (2010) The Blackbird Mine, Lemhi County Idaho. Mineralogical Record 41:355-370
    • Maine
      • Androscoggin Co.
        • Auburn
          • East Mount Apatite District
    		Mineralogy of Maine,Vol 2: Mining History, Gems, and Geology. By King & Mineral News Vol. 12 No. 5 May 1996 By Douglas Watts
      • Oxford Co.
        • Greenwood
          • Uncle Tom Mountain
    		No reference listed
        • Newry
    		King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 1; King, V. (ed.), 2000, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 2.
    King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, v. 1; King, V, 2006, Minerals of Halls Ridge and Plumbago-Puzzle Mountain, Newry, Oxford County, Maine, Mineral News, v. 22 (6), p. 1-3.
        • Paris
        • Rumford
    		Tim Blake, Lookout Mine Owner
        • Stoneham
    		W. B. Thompson, D. L. Joyner, R. G. Woodman, and V. T. King (2005) A Collector's Guide to Maine Mineral Localities. Maine Geological Survey Bulletin 41
    • New Hampshire
      • Cheshire Co.
        • Walpole
    		P. Cristofono, T. Mortimer, J.W. Nizamoff, A. Wilken, and R. Wilken (2011) The 38th Rochester Mineralogical Symposium, April 14-17, 2011, lecture abstracts, page 17-18.
      • Grafton Co.
        • Alexandria
    		Rocks & Minerals (2005) 80:242-261 New Hampshire Mineral Locality Index
        • Groton
    		Rocks & Minerals: 80: 252.
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 686, 953.; Am. Min. 50 (1965), 713-717; Mineralogical Record (1973) 4:103-130; USGS Prof Paper 353; NIZAMOFF, James W., SIMMONS, William B., and FALSTER, Alexander U. (2004) PHOSPHATE MINERALOGY AND PARAGENESIS OF THE PALERMO #2 PEGMATITE, NORTH GROTON, NEW HAMPSHIRE Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, Vol. 36, No. 5, p. 115
    Whitmore & Lawrence, 2004. The Pegmatite Mines Known As Palermo, p. 96.; Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, Vol. 36, No. 5, p. 115
      • Strafford Co.
        • Strafford
          • Parker Mountain
    		Rocks & Min. 80:256 (2005); Rocks & Minerals 80:4 pp234-241
    • New Mexico
      • Grant Co.
        • Burro Mountains District
          • Tyrone Area
    		P Haas collection
    Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    • South Dakota
      • Custer Co.
        • Custer District
          • Custer
    		Rocks & Min.:60:117.
          • Fourmile
    		Mineralogical Record: 17: 237-254; Rocks & Minerals: 60: 117.
      • Pennington Co.
        • Harney City
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
        • Keystone District
          • Glendale
    		Rocks & Minerals: 60: 116.
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
          • Keystone
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    Rocks & Minerals: 57: 160; &/or 60:110 & 112.
    Mineral and/or Locality  
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