Mendipite

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Mendipite

Torr Works Quarry, Cranmore, Somerset, England, UK

Mendipite

Churchill, Mendip Hills, Somerset, England, UK

Mendipite

Torr Works Quarry, Cranmore, Somerset, England, UK

Mendipite

Churchill, Mendip Hills, Somerset, England, UK

Mendipite

Torr Works Quarry, Cranmore, Somerset, England, UK

Formula:

Pb₃Cl₂O₂

System:

Orthorhombic

Colour:

Colourless, white, grey, ...

Lustre:

Adamantine, Resinous, Silky, Pearly

Hardness:

2½ - 3

Name:

After the type locality at the Mendip Hills, Somerset, England, UK.

Chemically similar to damaraite. Compare UM1990-25-O:ClPbS.

Classification of Mendipite

IMA status:

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

Strunz 8th ed.:

3/D.10-30

Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:

3.DC.70

3 : HALIDES
D : Oxyhalides, hydroxyhalides and related double halides
C : With Pb (As,Sb,Bi), without Cu

Dana 8th ed.:

10.3.1.1

10 : OXYHALIDES AND HYDROXYHALIDES
3 : A₃(O,OH)₂X_q

Hey's CIM Ref.:

8.8.5

8 : Halides - Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides and Iodides; also Fluoborates and Fluosilicates
8 : Halides of Pb

Physical Properties of Mendipite

Lustre:

Adamantine, Resinous, Silky, Pearly

Diaphaneity (Transparency):

Transparent, Translucent

Colour:

Colourless, white, grey, often tinged yellow, blue, red; nearly colourless in transmitted light

Streak:

White

Hardness (Mohs):

2½ - 3

Cleavage:

Perfect
On {110} perfect; {100} and {010} less perfect.

Fracture:

Irregular/Uneven, Conchoidal

Density:

7.24 g/cm³ (Measured) 7.22 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of Mendipite

Type:

Biaxial (+/-)

RI values:

n_α = 2.240 n_β = 2.270 n_γ = 2.310

2V:

Measured: 90° , Calculated: 84°

Max Birefringence:

δ = 0.070

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.

Surface Relief:

Very High

Dispersion:

relatively strong

Chemical Properties of Mendipite

Formula:

Pb₃Cl₂O₂

IMA Formula:

Pb₃O₂Cl₂

Elements listed in formula:

Cl, O, Pb - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of Mendipite

Crystal System:

Orthorhombic

Class (H-M):

2 2 2 - Disphenoidal

Space Group:

P2₁ 2₁ 2₁

Cell Parameters:

a = 9.52 Å, b = 11.87 Å, c = 5.87 Å

Ratio:

a:b:c = 0.802 : 1 : 0.495

Unit Cell Volume:

V 663.32 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Morphology:

Fibrous or columnar masses, often radiated.

X-Ray Powder Diffraction:

Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

X-Ray Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
7.40	(6)
3.78	(6)
3.51	(7)
3.08	(6)
3.04	(8)
2.78	(10)
2.64	(9)

Type Occurrence of Mendipite

Type Locality:

ⓘ Churchill, Mendip Hills, Somerset, England, UK

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Wad	Pyromorphite	Malachite	Hydrocerussite	Diaboleite
Chloroxiphite	Cerussite	Calcite

Relationship of Mendipite to other Species

3.DC.05	Laurionite	PbCl(OH)
3.DC.05	Paralaurionite	PbCl(OH)
3.DC.10	Fiedlerite	Pb₃FCl₄(OH) · H₂O
3.DC.15	Penfieldite	Pb₂Cl₃(OH)
3.DC.20	Laurelite	Pb₇F₁₂Cl₂
3.DC.25	Bismoclite	(BiO)Cl
3.DC.25	Daubréeite	(BiO)(OH,Cl)
3.DC.25	Matlockite	PbFCl
3.DC.25	Rorisite	CaFCl
3.DC.25	Zavaritskite	(BiO)F
3.DC.25	Zhangpeishanite	BaFCl
3.DC.30	Nadorite	PbSbClO₂
3.DC.30	Perite	PbBiClO₂
3.DC.35	Aravaipaite	Pb₃AlF₉ · H₂O
3.DC.37	Calcioaravaipaite	PbCa₂AlF₉
3.DC.40	Thorikosite	Pb₃Cl₂(OH)(SbO₃,AsO₃)
3.DC.45	Mereheadite	Pb₄₇Cl₂₅(OH)₁₃O₂₄(CO₃)(BO₃)₂
3.DC.50	Blixite	Pb₂(O,OH)₂Cl
3.DC.55	Pinalite	Pb₃WO₅Cl₂
3.DC.60	Symesite	Pb₁₀(SO₄)O₇Cl₄ · H₂O
3.DC.65	Ecdemite	Pb₆Cl₄(As₂O₇)
3.DC.65	Heliophyllite	Pb₆Cl₄(As₂O₇)
3.DC.75	Damaraite	Pb₃Cl(OH)O₂
3.DC.80	Onoratoite	Sb₈Cl₂O₁₁
3.DC.85	Cotunnite	PbCl₂
3.DC.90	Pseudocotunnite	K₂PbCl₄
3.DC.95	Barstowite	Pb₄Cl₆(CO₃) · H₂O

8.8.1	Abhurite	Sn₂₁Cl₁₆(OH)₁₄O₆
8.8.2	Matlockite	PbFCl
8.8.3	Laurelite	Pb₇F₁₂Cl₂
8.8.4	Cotunnite	PbCl₂
8.8.6	Damaraite	Pb₃Cl(OH)O₂
8.8.7	Laurionite	PbCl(OH)
8.8.8	Paralaurionite	PbCl(OH)
8.8.9	Penfieldite	Pb₂Cl₃(OH)
8.8.10	Fiedlerite	Pb₃FCl₄(OH) · H₂O
8.8.11	Blixite	Pb₂(O,OH)₂Cl
8.8.12	Pseudocotunnite	K₂PbCl₄
8.8.13	Diaboleite	Pb₂CuCl₂(OH)₄
8.8.14	Pseudoboleite	Pb₃₁Cu₂₄Cl₆₂(OH)₄₈
8.8.15	Chloroxiphite	Pb₃CuO₂Cl₂(OH)₂
8.8.17	Bideauxite	Pb₂AgCl₃(F,OH)₂
8.8.18	Boleite	KPb₂₆Ag₉Cu₂₄(OH)₄₈Cl₆₂
8.8.19	Aravaipaite	Pb₃AlF₉ · H₂O
8.8.20	Yedlinite	Pb₆Cr³⁺Cl₆(O,OH,H₂O)₈
8.8.21	Kolarite	PbTeCl₂
8.8.22	Hematophanite	Pb₄Fe₃O₈(OH,Cl)

Other Names for Mendipite

Synonyms:

Berzélite (of Lévy)

Cerasine

Cerasite (of Breithaupt)

Chloride of Lead

Churchillite

Flaky and Striated Lead-ore

Muriate of Lead

Peritomous Lead-baryte

Pseudomendipite

Name in Other Languages:

French:Plomb chloruré

German:Chlor-Spath
Churchillit
Mendipit
Salzsaures Blei

Latin:Minera plumbi calciformis

Russian:Мендипит

Simplified Chinese:白氯铅矿

Spanish:Churchillita
Mendipita

Swedish:Saltsyradt Bly

Traditional Chinese:白氯鉛礦

Other Information

Other Information:

Soluble in dilute nitric acid.

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Mendipite

Reference List:

Berzelius (1823) Svenska Vetenskapsakademien, Stockholm, Handlingar: 184.

Berzelius (1824) Edinburgh Journal of Science: 1: 379.

Haidinger (1825) Mohs: 2: 151.

Beudant, F.S. (1832) Traité élémentaire de Minéralogie, second edition, 2 volumes: 2: 502.

Breithaupt, A. (1832) Vollständige Characteristik etc. 2nd. Ed.: 61 (as Chlor-Spath).

Lévy, A. (1837) Description d’une collection de minéraux formée par M. Henri Heuland, et appartenant à M. Ch. H. Turner, de Rooksnest, dans le comté de Surrey en Angleterre. 3 volumes and atlas of 85 plates, London: 2: 448 (as Berzélite).

Glocker, E.F. (1839) Handbuch der Mineralogie, 2nd. edition, Nürnberg.: 604.

Dufrénoy (1856) 3: 280.

Rimann (1918) Anal. soc. quim. argentina: 6: 326 (as Pseudomendipite).

Spencer (1923) Mineralogical Magazine: 20: 67.

Bannister (1934) Mineralogical Magazine: 23: 596.

Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951) The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 56-58.

Gabrielson, O. (1958) The crystal structure of mendipite, Pb3O2Cl2. Arkiv Mineral. Geol., 2(16), 299–304.

Arkiv för Mineralogi och Geologi (1969) 4: 523.

Vincent, H. and Perrault, G. (1971) Structure cristalline de l’oxychlorure de plomb synthétique Pb3O2Cl2. Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie 94, 323–331.

Symes, R.F. and Embrey, P.G. (1977) Mendipite and other rare oxychloride minerals from the Mendip Hills, Somerset, England. Mineral. Record, 8, 298–303.

Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte (2000) 563-569.

Krivovichev, Sergey V.; Burns, Peter C. (2001) Crystal chemistry of lead oxide chlorides. I. Crystal structures of synthetic mendipite, Pb3O2Cl2, and synthetic damaraite, Pb3O2(OH)Cl. Eur. J. Mineral. 13, 801-809.

Internet Links for Mendipite

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

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Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

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Specimens:

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Localities for Mendipite

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

(TL) indicates type locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) indicates first recorded locality for everything else. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.


Australia
New South Wales Robinson Co. Cobar ⓘ Endeavor Mine (Elura Mine)	Scott, K. M. (1994): Lead oxychlorides at Elura, western NSW, Australia. Mineralogical Magazine 58, 336-338.; Chapman, J. & Scott, K. (2005): Supergene minerals from the oxidised zone of the Elura (Endeavor) lead-zinc-silver deposit. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, 11, 83-90. ; Loidl, Gernot C. (2012) The Elura Orebody: a multidisciplinary study investigating geochemical mineralogical & geometallurgical ore characteristics. PhD thesis Adelaide University; Leverett, P., McKinnon, A. R., & Williams, P. A. (2005). Supergene geochemistry of the Endeavor ore body, Cobar, NSW, and relationships to other deposits in the Cobar basin. Regolith 2005–Ten Years of CRC LEME, 191-194.
South Australia Mt Lofty Ranges South Mt Lofty Ranges (Adelaide Hills) Clarendon ⓘ Mount Malvern Mine	Bywater, S. (1987): Minerals from the Mount Malvern mine. Mineralogical News (Journal of the Mineralogical Society of South Australia), 7 (1), 41.; Kolitsch, U. and Elliott, P. (1999): Mineralogy of the Mount Malvern Mine near Clarendon, South Australia. Australian J. Mineral. 5, 3-17.

Germany
North Rhine-Westphalia Ruhr Coal Mining area Marl Marl-Hüls ⓘ Auguste-Victoria Mine	Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
Sauerland Brilon ⓘ Kunibert Mine	Rhodius, R. (1847): Justus Liebig's Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie 62, 373, Naumann, Zirkel: "Elemente der Mineralogie", 13th Ed., Engelmann (Leipzig), 1898; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 57.

Greece
Attikí Prefecture (Attica; Attika) Lavrion District (Laurion; Laurium) ⓘ Lavrion District slag localities	Schnorrer-Köhler, G. (1980): Mendipit Pb3Cl2O2 - Neufund für Lavrion, Griechenland. Der Aufschluss, 31 (5), 153-155.
Passa Limani area ⓘ Passa Limani Cove slag locality (Pacha Limani Cove slag locality)	Gelaude, Piet, van Kalmthout, Piet, and Rewitzer, Christian (1996) Laurion: The Minerals of the Ancient Slags, Janssen Print, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Sounion area ⓘ Legrena Cove slag locality (Legraina Cove)	Laurion The mineralsin the ancient slags by Piet Gelaude etc.
Thorikos area ⓘ Thorikos Bay slag locality	Gelaude, Piet, van Kalmthout, Piet and Rewitzer, Christian (1996) Laurion: The Minerals in the Ancient Slags, Janssen Print, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Kazakhstan
Eastern Kazakhstan Province (Shyghys Qazaqstan Oblysy; Vostochno-Kazakhstanskaya Oblast') ⓘ Altai Mts (Rudnyi Altai)	Pilipenko, P. P. (1915): Mineralogy of the Western Altai. Bull. Imp. Tomsk University, Tomsk, no. 63.

Sweden
Värmland Filipstad ⓘ Långban	Nysten, P., Holtstam, D. and Jonsson, E. (1999) The Långban minerals. In Långban - The mines,their minerals, geology and explorers (D. Holtstam and J. Langhof, eds.), Swedish Museum of Natural History and Raster Förlag, Stockholm & Chr. Weise Verlag, Munich, pp. 89-183.

UK
England Bristol Westbury on Trym ⓘ Wesley Mine (Didsbury College Mine)	BMS Database
Cornwall St Agnes District Crantock ⓘ The Gannel Smelter slag locality	BMS Newsletter 79, March 2010 (http://britishmicromountsociety.homestead.com/Gannell-Smelter.html)
Somerset Cranmore ⓘ Torr Works Quarry (Merehead Quarry)	Turner, R.W. and Rumsey, M.S. (2010): Mineral Relationships in the Mendip Hills. Journal of the Russell Society, vol 13, pp 3-46; Turner, R.W., (2006) A Mechanism for the formation of the Mineralised Mn Deposits at Merehead Quarry, Cranmore, Somerset, England. Mineralogical Magazine vol. 70, no. 6, pp 629 - 653; Mineralogical Magazine 1977 41 : 410-411
Holwell ⓘ Colemans Quarry	BMS Database
Mendip Hills ⓘ Churchill (TL)	Hall, T.M. (1868): The Mineralogist's Directory. Edward Stanford (London), 168 pp.; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 57.
Priddy ⓘ Higher Pitts Mine	Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 57; Mineralogical Record: 27: 253.

USA
Massachusetts Hampshire Co. Easthampton ⓘ Loudville Lead Mines (Manhan Lead-Silver Mine; Southampton Lead Mine; Northampton Lead Mine)	Gleba, 1978. Massachusetts Mineral & Fossil Localities
Pennsylvania Chester Co. Schuylkill Township ⓘ Phoenixville Mining District	MinRec 20:369-386

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