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Mendipite

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Mendipite

Torr Works Quarry, Cranmore, Somerset, England, UK
Mendipite

Torr Works Quarry, Cranmore, Somerset, England, UK
Mendipite

Churchill, Mendip Hills, Somerset, England, UK
Mendipite

Torr Works Quarry, Cranmore, Somerset, England, UK
Mendipite

Torr Works Quarry, Cranmore, Somerset, England, UK
Mendipite

Churchill, Mendip Hills, Somerset, England, UK
Mendipite

Torr Works Quarry, Cranmore, Somerset, England, UK
Mendipite

Torr Works Quarry, Cranmore, Somerset, England, UK
Formula:
Pb3Cl2O2
System:
Orthorhombic
Colour:
Colourless, white, grey, ...
Lustre:
Adamantine, Resinous, Silky, Pearly
Hardness:
2½ - 3
Name:
After the type locality at the Mendip Hills, Somerset, England, UK.
Chemically similar to damaraite. Compare UM1990-25-O:ClPbS.


Classification of Mendipite

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Strunz 8th ed.:
3/D.10-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:
3.DC.70

3 : HALIDES
D : Oxyhalides, hydroxyhalides and related double halides
C : With Pb (As,Sb,Bi), without Cu
Dana 8th ed.:
10.3.1.1

10 : OXYHALIDES AND HYDROXYHALIDES
3 : A3(O,OH)2Xq
Hey's CIM Ref.:
8.8.5

8 : Halides - Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides and Iodides; also Fluoborates and Fluosilicates
8 : Halides of Pb

Physical Properties of Mendipite

Lustre:
Adamantine, Resinous, Silky, Pearly
Diaphaneity (Transparency):
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Colourless, white, grey, often tinged yellow, blue, red; nearly colourless in transmitted light
Streak:
White
Hardness (Mohs):
2½ - 3
Cleavage:
Perfect
On {110} perfect; {100} and {010} less perfect.
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Conchoidal
Density:
7.24 g/cm3 (Measured)    7.22 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Mendipite

Type:
Biaxial (+/-)
RI values:
nα = 2.240 nβ = 2.270 nγ = 2.310
2V:
Measured: 90° , Calculated: 84°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.070
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High
Dispersion:
relatively strong

Chemical Properties of Mendipite

Formula:
Pb3Cl2O2
IMA Formula:
Pb3O2Cl2
Elements listed in formula:
Cl, O, Pb - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of Mendipite

Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
2 2 2 - Disphenoidal
Space Group:
P21 21 21
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.52 Å, b = 11.87 Å, c = 5.87 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.802 : 1 : 0.495
Unit Cell Volume:
V 663.32 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Fibrous or columnar masses, often radiated.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
7.40 (6)
3.78 (6)
3.51 (7)
3.08 (6)
3.04 (8)
2.78 (10)
2.64 (9)

Type Occurrence of Mendipite

Type Locality:
ⓘ Churchill, Mendip Hills, Somerset, England, UK
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
WadPyromorphiteMalachiteHydrocerussiteDiaboleite
ChloroxiphiteCerussiteCalcite

Relationship of Mendipite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
3.DC.05LaurionitePbCl(OH)
3.DC.05ParalaurionitePbCl(OH)
3.DC.10FiedleritePb3FCl4(OH) · H2O
3.DC.15PenfielditePb2Cl3(OH)
3.DC.20LaurelitePb7F12Cl2
3.DC.25Bismoclite(BiO)Cl
3.DC.25Daubréeite(BiO)(OH,Cl)
3.DC.25MatlockitePbFCl
3.DC.25RorisiteCaFCl
3.DC.25Zavaritskite(BiO)F
3.DC.25ZhangpeishaniteBaFCl
3.DC.30NadoritePbSbClO2
3.DC.30PeritePbBiClO2
3.DC.35AravaipaitePb3AlF9 · H2O
3.DC.37CalcioaravaipaitePbCa2AlF9
3.DC.40ThorikositePb3Cl2(OH)(SbO3,AsO3)
3.DC.45MereheaditePb47Cl25(OH)13O24(CO3)(BO3)2
3.DC.50BlixitePb2(O,OH)2Cl
3.DC.55PinalitePb3WO5Cl2
3.DC.60SymesitePb10(SO4)O7Cl4 · H2O
3.DC.65EcdemitePb6Cl4(As2O7)
3.DC.65HeliophyllitePb6Cl4(As2O7)
3.DC.75DamaraitePb3Cl(OH)O2
3.DC.80OnoratoiteSb8Cl2O11
3.DC.85CotunnitePbCl2
3.DC.90PseudocotunniteK2PbCl4
3.DC.95BarstowitePb4Cl6(CO3) · H2O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
8.8.1AbhuriteSn21Cl16(OH)14O6
8.8.2MatlockitePbFCl
8.8.3LaurelitePb7F12Cl2
8.8.4CotunnitePbCl2
8.8.6DamaraitePb3Cl(OH)O2
8.8.7LaurionitePbCl(OH)
8.8.8ParalaurionitePbCl(OH)
8.8.9PenfielditePb2Cl3(OH)
8.8.10FiedleritePb3FCl4(OH) · H2O
8.8.11BlixitePb2(O,OH)2Cl
8.8.12PseudocotunniteK2PbCl4
8.8.13DiaboleitePb2CuCl2(OH)4
8.8.14PseudoboleitePb31Cu24Cl62(OH)48
8.8.15ChloroxiphitePb3CuO2Cl2(OH)2
8.8.17BideauxitePb2AgCl3(F,OH)2
8.8.18BoleiteKPb26Ag9Cu24(OH)48Cl62
8.8.19AravaipaitePb3AlF9 · H2O
8.8.20YedlinitePb6Cr3+Cl6(O,OH,H2O)8
8.8.21KolaritePbTeCl2
8.8.22HematophanitePb4Fe3O8(OH,Cl)

Other Names for Mendipite

Synonyms:

Berzélite (of Lévy)

Cerasine

Cerasite (of Breithaupt)

Chloride of Lead

Churchillite

Flaky and Striated Lead-ore

Muriate of Lead

Peritomous Lead-baryte

Pseudomendipite

Name in Other Languages:
Simplified Chinese:白氯铅矿
Traditional Chinese:白氯鉛礦

Other Information

Other Information:
Soluble in dilute nitric acid.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Mendipite

Reference List:
Berzelius (1823) Svenska Vetenskapsakademien, Stockholm, Handlingar: 184.

Berzelius (1824) Edinburgh Journal of Science: 1: 379.

Haidinger (1825) Mohs: 2: 151.

Beudant, F.S. (1832) Traité élémentaire de Minéralogie, second edition, 2 volumes: 2: 502.

Breithaupt, A. (1832) Vollständige Characteristik etc. 2nd. Ed.: 61 (as Chlor-Spath).

Lévy, A. (1837) Description d’une collection de minéraux formée par M. Henri Heuland, et appartenant à M. Ch. H. Turner, de Rooksnest, dans le comté de Surrey en Angleterre. 3 volumes and atlas of 85 plates, London: 2: 448 (as Berzélite).

Glocker, E.F. (1839) Handbuch der Mineralogie, 2nd. edition, Nürnberg.: 604.

Dufrénoy (1856) 3: 280.

Rimann (1918) Anal. soc. quim. argentina: 6: 326 (as Pseudomendipite).

Spencer (1923) Mineralogical Magazine: 20: 67.

Bannister (1934) Mineralogical Magazine: 23: 596.

Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951) The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 56-58.

Gabrielson, O. (1958) The crystal structure of mendipite, Pb3O2Cl2. Arkiv Mineral. Geol., 2(16), 299–304.

Arkiv för Mineralogi och Geologi (1969) 4: 523.

Vincent, H. and Perrault, G. (1971) Structure cristalline de l’oxychlorure de plomb synthétique Pb3O2Cl2. Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie 94, 323–331.

Symes, R.F. and Embrey, P.G. (1977) Mendipite and other rare oxychloride minerals from the Mendip Hills, Somerset, England. Mineral. Record, 8, 298–303.

Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte (2000) 563-569.

Krivovichev, Sergey V.; Burns, Peter C. (2001) Crystal chemistry of lead oxide chlorides. I. Crystal structures of synthetic mendipite, Pb3O2Cl2, and synthetic damaraite, Pb3O2(OH)Cl. Eur. J. Mineral. 13, 801-809.

Internet Links for Mendipite

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    Localities for Mendipite

    This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) indicates first recorded locality for everything else. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Robinson Co.
        • Cobar
    		Scott, K. M. (1994): Lead oxychlorides at Elura, western NSW, Australia. Mineralogical Magazine 58, 336-338.; Chapman, J. & Scott, K. (2005): Supergene minerals from the oxidised zone of the Elura (Endeavor) lead-zinc-silver deposit. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, 11, 83-90. ; Loidl, Gernot C. (2012) The Elura Orebody: a multidisciplinary study investigating geochemical mineralogical & geometallurgical ore characteristics. PhD thesis Adelaide University; Leverett, P., McKinnon, A. R., & Williams, P. A. (2005). Supergene geochemistry of the Endeavor ore body, Cobar, NSW, and relationships to other deposits in the Cobar basin. Regolith 2005–Ten Years of CRC LEME, 191-194.
    • South Australia
      • Mt Lofty Ranges
        • South Mt Lofty Ranges (Adelaide Hills)
          • Clarendon
    		Bywater, S. (1987): Minerals from the Mount Malvern mine. Mineralogical News (Journal of the Mineralogical Society of South Australia), 7 (1), 41.; Kolitsch, U. and Elliott, P. (1999): Mineralogy of the Mount Malvern Mine near Clarendon, South Australia. Australian J. Mineral. 5, 3-17.
    Germany
     
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Ruhr Coal Mining area
        • Marl
          • Marl-Hüls
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
      • Sauerland
        • Brilon
    		Rhodius, R. (1847): Justus Liebig's Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie 62, 373, Naumann, Zirkel: "Elemente der Mineralogie", 13th Ed., Engelmann (Leipzig), 1898; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 57.
    Greece
     
    • Attikí Prefecture (Attica; Attika)
      • Lavrion District (Laurion; Laurium)
    		Schnorrer-Köhler, G. (1980): Mendipit Pb3Cl2O2 - Neufund für Lavrion, Griechenland. Der Aufschluss, 31 (5), 153-155.
          • Passa Limani area
    		Gelaude, Piet, van Kalmthout, Piet, and Rewitzer, Christian (1996) Laurion: The Minerals of the Ancient Slags, Janssen Print, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
          • Sounion area
    		Laurion The mineralsin the ancient slags by Piet Gelaude etc.
          • Thorikos area
    		Gelaude, Piet, van Kalmthout, Piet and Rewitzer, Christian (1996) Laurion: The Minerals in the Ancient Slags, Janssen Print, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
    Kazakhstan
     
    • Eastern Kazakhstan Province (Shyghys Qazaqstan Oblysy; Vostochno-Kazakhstanskaya Oblast')
    		Pilipenko, P. P. (1915): Mineralogy of the Western Altai. Bull. Imp. Tomsk University, Tomsk, no. 63.
    Sweden
     
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
    		Nysten, P., Holtstam, D. and Jonsson, E. (1999) The Långban minerals. In Långban - The mines,their minerals, geology and explorers (D. Holtstam and J. Langhof, eds.), Swedish Museum of Natural History and Raster Förlag, Stockholm & Chr. Weise Verlag, Munich, pp. 89-183.
    UK
     
    • England
      • Bristol
        • Westbury on Trym
    		BMS Database
      • Cornwall
        • St Agnes District
          • Crantock
    		BMS Newsletter 79, March 2010 (http://britishmicromountsociety.homestead.com/Gannell-Smelter.html)
      • Somerset
        • Cranmore
    		Turner, R.W. and Rumsey, M.S. (2010): Mineral Relationships in the Mendip Hills. Journal of the Russell Society, vol 13, pp 3-46; Turner, R.W., (2006) A Mechanism for the formation of the Mineralised Mn Deposits at Merehead Quarry, Cranmore, Somerset, England. Mineralogical Magazine vol. 70, no. 6, pp 629 - 653; Mineralogical Magazine 1977 41 : 410-411
        • Holwell
    		BMS Database
        • Mendip Hills
    		Hall, T.M. (1868): The Mineralogist's Directory. Edward Stanford (London), 168 pp.; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 57.
          • Priddy
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 57; Mineralogical Record: 27: 253.
    USA
     
    • Massachusetts
      • Hampshire Co.
        • Easthampton
    		Gleba, 1978. Massachusetts Mineral & Fossil Localities
    • Pennsylvania
      • Chester Co.
        • Schuylkill Township
    		MinRec 20:369-386
    Mineral and/or Locality  
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