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Mukhinite

A valid IMA mineral species
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About MukhiniteHide

09525280014991636332562.jpg
Aleksei S. Mukhin
Formula:
(CaCa)(AlAlV3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Colour:
Black with a brownish tint
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
8
Specific Gravity:
3.47 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named by A.V. Shepel and M.V. Karpenko in 1969 in honor of Aleksei Stepanovich Mukhin (1910, Balagansk, Irkutsk, Russian Empire - 1974), geologist of the Western Siberia Geological Administration, who made great contributions to the study of iron ore deposits in Gornaya Shoria, the iron ore deposit where the mineral was first found.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
2805
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2805:5
GUID
(UUID V4):
415a7779-7f75-45fb-8e7b-75198cc3e2eb

IMA Classification of MukhiniteHide

Approved
IMA Formula:
Ca2(Al2V3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)
Approval year:
1968
First published:
1969
Approval history:
IMA 1968-035

Classification of MukhiniteHide

9.BG.05a

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
G : Sorosilicates with mixed SiO4 and Si2O7 groups; cations in octahedral [6] and greater coordination
58.2.1a.10

58 : SOROSILICATES Insular, Mixed, Single, and Larger Tetrahedral Groups
2 : Insular, Mixed, Single, and Larger Tetrahedral Groups with cations in [6] and higher coordination; single and double groups (n = 1, 2)
16.15.2

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
15 : Aluminosilicates of V and Cr

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
MukIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of MukhiniteHide

Vitreous
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Black with a brownish tint
Streak:
Pale brownish-gray
Hardness:
Hardness:
VHN100=1375 - Vickers
Hardness Data:
Measured
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
[001] perfect, [100] less so.
Fracture:
Splintery
Density:
3.47 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of MukhiniteHide

Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.723(2) nβ = 1.733(2) nγ = 1.755(2)
2V:
Measured: 88° , Calculated: 70°
Birefringence:
0.032
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.032
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Dispersion:
r > v medium
Pleochroism:
Strong
Comments:
X pale olive-green, Y pale reddish-brown, Z reddish-brown.

Chemistry of MukhiniteHide

Mindat Formula:
(CaCa)(AlAlV3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Common Impurities:
Fe,Cr,Mg,H2O,S

Crystallography of MukhiniteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.90 Å, b = 5.61 Å, c = 10.15 Å
β = 115.50°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.586 : 1 : 1.809
Unit Cell V:
457.41 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Twinning:
Sometimes twinned on {100}
Comment:
Point Group: n.d.; Space Group: n.d.

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
4.95 Å(10)
4.00 Å(20)
3.49 Å(10)
3.40 Å(10)
3.20 Å(40)
3.12 Å(40?)
2.892 Å(100)
2.809 Å(30)
2.781 Å(10)
2.682 Å(80)
2.648 Å(20)
2.600 Å(80)
2.530 Å(70)
2.451 Å(30)
2.398 Å(80)
2.295 Å(30)
2.166 Å(40)
2.117 Å(40)
2.105 Å(30)
2.064 Å(40)
2.044 Å(20)
2.009 Å(20)
1.914 Å(30)
1.829 Å(30)
1.868 Å(40)
1.805 Å(10)
1.741 Å(10)
1.638 Å(70)
1.629 Å(20)
1.577 Å(40)
1.547 Å(40)
1.461 Å(40)
1.441 Å(30)
1.405 Å(80)
1.394 Å(80)
1.306 Å(10)
1.293 Å(10)
1.265 Å(50)
1.122 Å(10)
1.113 Å(20)
1.101 Å(20)
Comments:
ICDD 22-1066

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism
32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits

Type Occurrence of MukhiniteHide

General Appearance of Type Material:
Irregular grains and irregular, short prismatic crystals in marble.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
A.E. Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 71421.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
In marble, at an iron ore deposit.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Shepel, A.V., Karpenko, M.V. (1969) Mukhinite, a new vanadium species of epidote. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR: 185: 1342-1345

Synonyms of MukhiniteHide

Other Language Names for MukhiniteHide

Relationship of Mukhinite to other SpeciesHide

Other Members of this group:
Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
Epidote-(Sr)(CaSr)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
Hancockite(CaPb)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
Heflikite(CaCa)(AlAlSc)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
Niigataite(CaSr)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
Piemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
Piemontite-(Pb)(CaPb)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
Piemontite-(Sr)(CaSr)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
Tweddillite(CaSr)(Mn3+AlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
Unnamed (Fe3+ analogue of Piemontite-(Pb))(CaPb)(Fe3+AlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Unnamed (Fe3+-analogue of Piemontite)(CaCa)(Fe3+AlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Unnamed (Fe3+-analogue of Piemontite-(Sr))(CaSr)(Fe3+AlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Unnamed (Ga-analogue of Epidote)(CaCa)(AlAlGa3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
4 photos of Mukhinite associated with CoulsoniteFe2+V3+2O4
4 photos of Mukhinite associated with PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
2 photos of Mukhinite associated with DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
1 photo of Mukhinite associated with ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
1 photo of Mukhinite associated with Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
1 photo of Mukhinite associated with QuartzSiO2
1 photo of Mukhinite associated with Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
1 photo of Mukhinite associated with PyriteFeS2

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

9.BG.Shuiskite-(Cr)Ca2Cr3+Cr3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BG.Alnaperbøeite-(Ce)Ca(Ce2.5Na0.5)(AlAl2Al)[Si2O7][SiO4]3O(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.MagnesiovesuvianiteCa19MgAl4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10](OH)(OH)9Tet. 4/m : P4/n
9.BG.AlumovesuvianiteCa19AlAl4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9Tet. 4/m : P4/n
9.BG.Zoisite-(Pb)(CaPb)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
9.BG.Vielleaureite-(Ce)(Mn2+Ce)(MgAlMn2+)F[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.Heflikite(CaCa)(AlAlSc)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.Zilbermintsite-(La)(CaLa5)(Fe3+Al3Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]5O(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bAllanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bAllanite-(La)(CaLa)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bAllanite-(Y)(CaY)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon.
9.BG.05aClinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bDissakisite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlMg)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Dollaseite-(Ce)(CaCe)(MgAlMg)F[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05aEpidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05aHancockite(CaPb)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Khristovite-(Ce)(CaCe)(MgAlMn2+)F[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05aPiemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Piemontite-(Sr)(CaSr)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bManganiandrosite-(La)(Mn2+La)(Mn3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Tweddillite(CaSr)(Mn3+AlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bFerriallanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(Fe3+AlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Niigataite(CaSr)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Manganiandrosite-(Ce)(Mn2+Ce)(Mn3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Dissakisite-(La)(CaLa)(AlAlMg)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Vanadoandrosite-(Ce)(Mn2+Ce)(V3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Uedaite-(Ce)(Mn2+Ce)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05aEpidote-(Sr)(CaSr)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bAllanite-(Nd)(CaNd)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bUnnamed (Mg-analogue of Ferriallanite-(Ce))(CaCe)(Fe3+AlMg)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
9.BG.05bUnnamed (Mn3+-analogue of Ferriakasakaite-(Ce))(CaCe)(Mn3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
9.BG.05bFerriallanite-(La)(CaLa)(Fe3+AlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bÅskagenite-(Nd)(Mn2+Nd)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4]OMon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Piemontite-(Pb)(CaPb)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bVanadoallanite-(La)(CaLa)(V3+AlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bFerriakasakaite-(La)(CaLa)(Fe3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Ferriandrosite-(La)(Mn2+La)(Fe3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Androsite-(Ce)(Mn2+Ce)(AlAlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
9.BG.05Ferriandrosite-(Ce)(Mn2+Ce)(Fe3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05a vUnnamed (Ga-analogue of Epidote)(CaCa)(AlAlGa3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
9.BG.05bUM1989-32-SiO:AlCaFeHREE(Ca0.50.5REE)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
9.BG.05bManganiakasakaite-(La)(CaLa)(Mn3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bFerriakasakaite-(Ce)(CaCe)(Fe3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bAllanite-(Sm)(CaSm)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.10Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
9.BG.15MacfalliteCa2Mn3+3(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.15SursassiteMn2+2Al3(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.20Julgoldite-(Fe2+)Ca2Fe2+Fe3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)Mon. 2/m
9.BG.20OkhotskiteCa2Mn2+Mn3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)Mon. 2/m
9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Fe2+)Ca2Fe2+Al2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)Mon. 2/m
9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Fe3+)Ca2Fe3+Al2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2OMon. 2/m
9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Mg)Ca2MgAl2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)Mon. 2/m
9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Mn2+)Ca2Mn2+Al2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)Mon. 2/m
9.BG.20Shuiskite-(Mg)Ca2MgCr3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)Mon. 2/m
9.BG.20Julgoldite-(Fe3+)Ca2Fe3+Fe3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2OMon.
9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Al)Ca2AlAl2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2OMon. 2/m
9.BG.20PoppiiteCa2V3+V3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BG.20Julgoldite-(Mg)Ca2MgFe3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)Mon.
9.BG.25GanomalitePb9Ca5Mn(Si2O7)4(SiO4)OHex. 6 : P6
9.BG.25WayneburnhamitePb9Ca6(Si2O7)3(SiO4)3Hex. 6 : P6
9.BG.30RustumiteCa10(Si2O7)2(SiO4)(OH)2Cl2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.BG.35VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nnc
9.BG.35WiluiteCa19MgAl4(Al,Mg)8(B,◻)4◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(O,OH)9Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nnc
9.BG.35ManganvesuvianiteCa19Mn3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9Tet. 4/m : P4/n
9.BG.35FluorvesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(F,OH)9Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nnc
9.BG.35CyprineCa19Cu2+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10](OH)(OH)9Tet. 4/m : P4/n
9.BG.35HongheiteCa19Fe2+Al4(Fe3+,Mg)8(◻4)B[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH,O)9Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nnc
9.BG.35Milanriederite(Ca18[REE])Fe3+Al4(Mg4Al4)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10](OH)(OH)9Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nnc
9.BG.35Manaevite-(Ce)(Ca13Ce4[H2O]2)Mg(Al3Mg)(Mg3Ti3Fe3+2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)8(H4O4)2]O(OH)9Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nnc
9.BG.35ModraiteCa19Fe2+Al4(Al6Fe2+2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10](OH)(OH)9Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nnc
9.BG.40Vyuntspakhkite-(Y)(Y,Yb)4Al2.5-1.5(Si,Al)1.5-2.5(SiO4)4O(OH)7Mon.
9.BG.45DellaiteCa6Si3O11(OH)2Tric.
9.BG.50Gatelite-(Ce)CaCe3(AlAl2Mg)[Si2O7][SiO4]3O(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BG.50Perbøeite-(Ce)CaCe3(AlAl2Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]3O(OH)2 Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.50Ferriperbøeite-(Ce)CaCe3(Fe3+Al2Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]3O(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.50Ferriperbøeite-(La) CaLa3(Fe3+Al2Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]3O(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.50Perbøeite-(La)CaLa3(AlAl2Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]3O(OH)2 Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.55Västmanlandite-(Ce)CaCe3(MgAl2Mg)[Si2O7][SiO4]3F(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.60Radekškodaite-(La) (CaLa5)(Al4Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]5O(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.60Radekškodaite-(Ce)(CaCe5)(Al4Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]5O(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.60Radekškodaite Group(CaM5)([Fe3+Al3]Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]5O(OH)3

Fluorescence of MukhiniteHide

Not fluorescent in UV

Other InformationHide

Notes:
Soluble with difficulty in acids, but is dissolved by H2SO4 after having been fused.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for MukhiniteHide

References for MukhiniteHide

Localities for MukhiniteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Austria
 
  • Lower Austria
    • Melk District
      • Weiten
        • Am Schuß
Kolitsch (2023)
Russia (TL)
 
  • Kemerovo Oblast
    • Gornaya Shoria Region
      • Tashelga River
Pekov (1998)
  • Murmansk Oblast
    • Khibiny Massif
      • Lovchorr Mt
Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data (2012) +2 other references
Slovakia
 
  • Bratislava Region
    • Pezinok District
      • Pezinok
Uher P. +1 other reference
  • Trenčín Region
    • Bánovce nad Bebravou District
      • Čierna Lehota
Bačík P. et al. (2018)
Tanzania
 
  • Manyara Region
    • Simanjiro District
      • Lelatema Mountains
Frank K. Mazdab collection
USA
 
  • Montana
    • Fergus County
Chris Tucker and John Betts specimens. +1 other reference
 
and/or  
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