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Niahite

A valid IMA mineral species
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About NiahiteHide

Formula:
(NH4)(Mn2+,Mg)(PO4) · H2O
Colour:
Pale orange
Specific Gravity:
2.39
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named in 1983 by Peter John Bridge and Bruce William Robinson for the type locality, Niah Great Cave, Sarawak, Malaysia.
Isostructural with:
Note: Artificially grown "niahite" is sold on the market. It is in fact ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), also called mono ammonium phosphate (MAP), formula NH4H2PO4. These fakes can be either colored bright green by doping with chromium or in any color by adding water soluble dyes like food coloring (Udo Behner info). The matrix may consist of quartz crystals or any other rock.



Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
2893
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2893:2
GUID
(UUID V4):
10263c76-b625-472b-9961-ed784c7bbdda

IMA Classification of NiahiteHide

Approved
IMA Formula:
(NH4)Mn2+(PO4) · H2O
Approval year:
1977
First published:
1983

Classification of NiahiteHide

8.CH.20

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
H : With large and medium-sized cations, RO4:H2O < 1:1
40.1.2.2

40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
1 : AB(XO4)·xH2O
19.12.5

19 : Phosphates
12 : Phosphates of Mn

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
NhiIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of NiahiteHide

Colour:
Pale orange
Streak:
White
Density:
2.39 g/cm3 (Measured)    2.437 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of NiahiteHide

Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.582 nβ = 1.604 nγ = 1.609
2V:
Measured: 54° , Calculated: 50°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.027
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r < v moderate

Chemistry of NiahiteHide

Mindat Formula:
(NH4)(Mn2+,Mg)(PO4) · H2O

Crystallography of NiahiteHide

Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mm2 - Pyramidal
Space Group:
Pmn21
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.68 Å, b = 8.78 Å, c = 4.88 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.647 : 1 : 0.556
Unit Cell V:
243.37 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0012714NiahiteCarling S G, Day P, Visser D (1995) Crystal and magnetic structures of layer transition metal phosphate hydrates Inorganic Chemistry 34 3917-39271995synthetic0293
0012715NiahiteCarling S G, Day P, Visser D (1995) Crystal and magnetic structures of layer transition metal phosphate hydrates Inorganic Chemistry 34 3917-39271995synthetic0293
0012716NiahiteCarling S G, Day P, Visser D (1995) Crystal and magnetic structures of layer transition metal phosphate hydrates Inorganic Chemistry 34 3917-39271995synthetic0293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
8.82 Å(100)
4.79 Å(50)
4.267 Å(60)
3.412 Å(40)
2.845 Å(80)
2.832 Å(90)
2.513 Å(30)
2.437 Å(30)
2.367 Å(30)
2.300 Å(40)
2.146 Å(30)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals]
47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates]
47e : [Vanadates, chromates, manganates]
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere<0.6
52 : Guano- and urine-derived minerals<0.4

Type Occurrence of NiahiteHide

General Appearance of Type Material:
fine radiating and sub-parallel clusters of crystals up to 0.5mm in size
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
West Australian Government Chemical Laboratories, Perth, Australia.
Malaysian Geological Survey in Kuching.
Bureau of Mineral Resources, Canberra, Australia.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Limestone cave with bat guano
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Synonyms of NiahiteHide

Other Language Names for NiahiteHide

German:Niahit
Japanese:ニアー石
Russian:Ниахит
Spanish:Niahita

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
1 photo of Niahite associated with StarkeyiteMgSO4 · 4H2O

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

8.CH.05WalentaiteFe3+3(P0.84As0.16O4)2(O,OH)6As3+2.56Ca0.42Na0.28Mn2+0.35Fe2+0.30O6.1(OH)0.9(H2O)0.9Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Imma
8.CH.05Natrowalentaite [Fe3+0.5Na0.5(H2O)6][NaAs3+2(Fe3+2.33W6+0.67)(PO4)2O7]Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Imma
8.CH.05Halilsarpite[Mg(H2O)6][CaAs3+2(Fe3+2.67Mo6+0.33)(AsO4)2O7]Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Imma
8.CH.10AnapaiteCa2Fe2+(PO4)2 · 4H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CH.15PicropharmacoliteCa4Mg(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 11H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CH.20Dittmarite(NH4)Mg(PO4) · H2OOrth. mm2 : Pmn21
8.CH.25FrancoanelliteK3Al5(PO3OH)6(PO4)2 · 12H2OTrig.
8.CH.25Taranakite(K,NH4)Al3(PO4)3(OH) · 9H2OTrig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3c
8.CH.30Schertelite(NH4)2MgH2(PO4)2 · 4H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.CH.35Hannayite(NH4)2Mg3H4(PO4)4 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CH.40Struvite(NH4)Mg(PO4) · 6H2OOrth. mm2 : Pmn21
8.CH.40Struvite-(K)KMg(PO4) · 6H2OOrth. mm2 : Pmn21
8.CH.40HazeniteKNaMg2(PO4)2 · 14H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
8.CH.45Rimkorolgite(Mg,Mn)5(Ba,Sr,Ca)(PO4)4 · 8H2OOrth.
8.CH.50BakhchisaraitseviteNa2Mg5(PO4)4 · 7H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.CH.55FahleiteCaZn5Fe3+2(AsO4)6 · 14H2OOrth.
8.CH.55SmolyaninoviteCo3Fe3+2(AsO4)4 · 11H2OOrth.
8.CH.60Barahonaite-(Al)(Ca,Cu,Na,Fe3+,Al)12Al2(AsO4)8(OH,Cl)x · nH2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.CH.60Barahonaite-(Fe)(Ca,Cu,Na,Fe3+,Al)12Fe3+2(AsO4)8(OH,Cl)x · nH2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.CH.70EpifanoviteNaCaCu5(PO4)4[AsO2(OH)2] · 7H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.CH.75Esdanaite-(Ce)NaMnCe(PO4)2 · 4H2OOrth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for NiahiteHide

References for NiahiteHide

Reference List:

Localities for NiahiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Japan
 
  • Aichi Prefecture
    • Kitashitara County
      • Shitara
Malaysia (TL)
 
  • Sarawak
    • Miri Division
USA
 
  • New Jersey
    • Sussex County
      • Ogdensburg
        • Sterling Hill
 
Mineral and/or Locality  
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