Norsethite

Norsethite

Kremikovtsi, Sofia City Province, Bulgaria

Norsethite

Rosh Pinah Mine, Rosh Pinah, Oranjemund, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

Norsethite

Rosh Pinah Mine, Rosh Pinah, Oranjemund, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

Norsethite

Kremikovtsi, Sofia City Province, Bulgaria

Norsethite

Rosh Pinah Mine, Rosh Pinah, Oranjemund, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

Norsethite

Rosh Pinah Mine, Rosh Pinah, Oranjemund, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

Norsethite

Kremikovtsi, Sofia City Province, Bulgaria

Norsethite

Rosh Pinah Mine, Rosh Pinah, Oranjemund, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

About NorsethiteHide

Classification of NorsethiteHide

Physical Properties of NorsethiteHide

Optical Data of NorsethiteHide

Type:

Uniaxial (-)

RI values:

n_ω = 1.694 n_ε = 1.519

Birefringence:

0.025

Max Birefringence:

δ = 0.175

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.

Surface Relief:

Moderate

Pleochroism:

Non-pleochroic

Chemical Properties of NorsethiteHide

Chemical AnalysisHide

Crystallography of NorsethiteHide

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0010924	Norsethite	Effenberger H, Zemann J (1985) Single crystal X-Ray investigation of norsethite, BaMg(CO3)2: one more mineral with an aplanar carbonate group Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 171 275-280		1985	synthetic	0	293
0010925	Norsethite	Effenberger H, Zemann J (1985) Single crystal X-Ray investigation of norsethite, BaMg(CO3)2: one more mineral with an aplanar carbonate group Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 171 275-280		1985	synthetic	0	293
0010926	Norsethite	Effenberger H, Zemann J (1985) Single crystal X-Ray investigation of norsethite, BaMg(CO3)2: one more mineral with an aplanar carbonate group Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 171 275-280		1985	synthetic	0	293
0014695	Norsethite	Lippmann F (1967) Die kristallstruktur des norsethit, BaMg(CO3)2, im vergleich zum dolomit, CaMg(CO3)2 Naturwissenschaften 54 514-514		1967		0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to closedata_global _chemical_name_mineral 'Norsethite' loop_ _publ_author_name 'Effenberger H' 'Zemann J' _journal_name_full 'Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie' _journal_volume 171 _journal_year 1985 _journal_page_first 275 _journal_page_last 280 _publ_section_title ; Single crystal X-Ray investigation of norsethite, BaMg(CO3)2: one more mineral with an aplanar carbonate group Sample: Model 1 ; _database_code_amcsd 0010924 _chemical_compound_source 'Synthetic' _chemical_formula_sum 'Ba Mg C2 O6' _cell_length_a 5.022 _cell_length_b 5.022 _cell_length_c 16.770 _cell_angle_alpha 90 _cell_angle_beta 90 _cell_angle_gamma 120 _cell_volume 366.283 _exptl_crystal_density_diffrn 3.831 _symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'R -3 m' loop_ _space_group_symop_operation_xyz 'x,y,z' '2/3+x,1/3+y,1/3+z' '1/3+x,2/3+y,2/3+z' 'x,x-y,z' '2/3+x,1/3+x-y,1/3+z' '1/3+x,2/3+x-y,2/3+z' 'y,x,-z' '2/3+y,1/3+x,1/3-z' '1/3+y,2/3+x,2/3-z' '-x+y,y,z' '2/3-x+y,1/3+y,1/3+z' '1/3-x+y,2/3+y,2/3+z' '-x,-x+y,-z' '2/3-x,1/3-x+y,1/3-z' '1/3-x,2/3-x+y,2/3-z' '-y,-x,z' '2/3-y,1/3-x,1/3+z' '1/3-y,2/3-x,2/3+z' 'x-y,-y,-z' '2/3+x-y,1/3-y,1/3-z' '1/3+x-y,2/3-y,2/3-z' 'y,-x+y,-z' '2/3+y,1/3-x+y,1/3-z' '1/3+y,2/3-x+y,2/3-z' '-x+y,-x,z' '2/3-x+y,1/3-x,1/3+z' '1/3-x+y,2/3-x,2/3+z' '-x,-y,-z' '2/3-x,1/3-y,1/3-z' '1/3-x,2/3-y,2/3-z' '-y,x-y,z' '2/3-y,1/3+x-y,1/3+z' '1/3-y,2/3+x-y,2/3+z' 'x-y,x,-z' '2/3+x-y,1/3+x,1/3-z' '1/3+x-y,2/3+x,2/3-z' loop_ _atom_site_label _atom_site_fract_x _atom_site_fract_y _atom_site_fract_z Ba 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 Mg 0.00000 0.00000 0.50000 C 0.00000 0.00000 0.23910 O 0.14630 -0.14630 0.24200 loop_ _atom_site_aniso_label _atom_site_aniso_U_11 _atom_site_aniso_U_22 _atom_site_aniso_U_33 _atom_site_aniso_U_12 _atom_site_aniso_U_13 _atom_site_aniso_U_23 Ba 0.01130 0.01130 0.01580 0.00565 0.00000 0.00000 Mg 0.00960 0.00960 0.01300 0.00480 0.00000 0.00000 C 0.01080 0.01080 0.01300 0.00540 0.00000 0.00000 O 0.04300 0.04300 0.02400 0.03900 0.00200 -0.00200

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Type Occurrence of NorsethiteHide

Other Language Names for NorsethiteHide

Relationship of Norsethite to other SpeciesHide

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz GroupingHide

Related Minerals - Dana Grouping (8th Ed.)Hide

Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals GroupingHide

Fluorescence of NorsethiteHide

Other InformationHide

References for NorsethiteHide

Internet Links for NorsethiteHide

Localities for NorsethiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (eg from pseudomorphs.)

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.

Brazil
Minas Gerais Araxá ⓘ Barreiro	Traversa, G., Gomes, C. B., Brotzu, P., Buraglini, N., Morbidelli, L., Principato, M. S., ... & Ruberti, E. (2001). Petrography and mineral chemistry of carbonatites and mica-rich rocks from the Araxá complex (Alto Paranaíba Province, Brazil). Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 73(1), 71-98.; Berger, V.I., Singer, D.A., and Orris, G.J., 2009, Carbonatites of the world, explored deposits of Nb and REE; database and grade and tonnage models: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1139, 17 p. and database.
ⓘ Araxá complex	Gomide, C. S. (2015). Geoquímica e química mineral de carbonatitos e isótopos estáveis em carbonatitos da província ígnea do alto Paranaíba. PhD thesis University of Brasilia
Tapira ⓘ Tapira Complex	Secco, L. and Lavina, L. (1999) Crystal chemistry of two natural magmatic norsethites, BaMg(CO3)2, from an Mg-carbonatite of the alkaline carbonatitic complex of Tapira (SE Brazil). Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte, 2, 87–96.; Berger, V.I., Singer, D.A., and Orris, G.J. (2009) Carbonatites of the World. Explored Deposits of Nb and REE - Database and Grade and Tonnage Models. USGS Open-File Report 09-1139.
São Paulo Cajati ⓘ Jacupiranga mine	Berger, V.I., Singer, D.A., and Orris, G.J. (2009): USGS Open-File Report 09-1139; Costanzo, A., Moore, K. R., Wall, F., & Feely, M. (2006). Fluid inclusions in apatite from Jacupiranga calcite carbonatites: evidence for a fluid-stratified carbonatite magma chamber. Lithos, 91(1), 208-228.
Registro ⓘ Juquiá alkaline carbonatite complex
Bulgaria
Sofia City Province ⓘ Kremikovtsi	Zidarov, N., Petrov, O., Tarassov, M., Damyanov, Z., Tarassova, E., Petkova, V., Kalvachev, Y., and Zlatev, Z. (2009) Mn-rich norsethite from the Kremikovtsi ore deposit, Bulgaria. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen 186(3), 321-331.
Canada
British Columbia Liard Mining Division Sifton Pass Kechika River ⓘ Rough claims	Scott, J. D., & Peatfield, G. R. (1986). Mannardite [Ba.H2O](Ti6V3+2)O16, a new mineral species, and new data on redledgeite. Canadian Mineralogist, 24, 55-66.
Northwest Territories Lac de Gras ⓘ Ekati Mine	Sharygin, I. S., Golovin, A. V., Korsakov, A. V., & Pokhilenko, N. P. (2013). Eitelite in sheared peridotite xenoliths from Udachnaya-East kimberlite pipe (Russia)–a new locality and host rock type. European Journal of Mineralogy, 25(5), 825-834.
Ontario Thunder Bay District O'Meara Township ⓘ Chipman Lake carbonatite	Platt, R.G. and Wooley, A.R. (1990) The carbonatites and fenites of Chipman Lake, Ontario. Canadian Mineralogist, 28, 241-250.
Yukon Watson Lake mining district Macmillan Pass ⓘ Jason deposit	Econ Geol (1985) 80:1257-1276
ⓘ Tom deposit	Econ Geol (1989)84:841-856
China
Inner Mongolia Baotou City (Baotou Prefecture) Bayan Obo mining district Bayan Obo Bayan Obo deposit (Bayun-Obo deposit; Baiyunebo deposit) ⓘ East Mine	Miyawaki R, Shimazaki H, Shigeoka M, Yokoyama K, Matsubara S, Yurimoto H (2011) Yangzhumingite, KMg2.5Si4O10F2, a new mineral in the mica group from Bayan Obo, Inner Mongolia, China. European Journal of Mineralogy 23, 467-473
ⓘ West Mine	Youbin Liang, Zhonglong Xu, and Zhiyin Hu (1981): Geology and Prospecting 17(9), 29-33
Shaanxi Ankang Ziyang County ⓘ Maliuba Mn deposit	Zhongcheng Wang (1996), In: Zhonghe Pang, Jindong Zhang, and Jianhong Sun (eds.): Advances in Solid Earth Sciences. Science Press (Beijing), 202-209
Czech Republic
Olomouc Region Jeseník District ⓘ Zlaté Hory	Zimák, J.: Norsethit z ložiska Zlaté Hory - východ. Minerál, 1998, roč. 6, č. 3, s. 204 - 205
Germany
Hesse Kassel Region Hersfeld-Rotenburg Nentershausen Süß Richelsdorf Smelter ⓘ Slag dumps	S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
Lower Saxony Osnabrück District Georgsmarienhütte ⓘ Iron smelter slag locality	Schnorrer, G., Stahlmann, W., Mollenkamp, A. (2001): Sekundärmineralisation in den Hochofenschlacken des Hüttenwerkes in Georgsmarienhütte, heutige Georgsmarienhütte GmbH. Aufschluss 52, 99-108.
India
West Bengal Paschim Bardhaman District ⓘ Raniganj Coalfield	Mitchell, R. H. & Fareeduddin (2009). Mineralogy of peralkaline lamproites from the Raniganj Coalfield, India. Mineralogical Magazine, 73, 457-477. Middlemost, E. A., Paul, D. K., & Fletcher, I. R. (1988). Geochemistry and mineralogy of the minette-lamproite association from the Indian Gondwanas. Lithos, 22(1), 31-42.
Namibia
ǁKaras Region Oranjemund Rosh Pinah ⓘ Rosh Pinah Mine	Steyn, J.G.D. and Watson, M.D. (1967) Note on a new occurrence of norsethite, BaMg(CO3)2. American Mineralogist, 52, 1770–1775.; Gardner, H.D. and Hutcheon, I. (1985) Geochemistry, mineralogy, and geology of the Jason Pb-Zn deposits, Macmillan Pass, Yukon, Canada. Economic Geology, 80(5), 1257-1276.
New Zealand
Otago Region Queenstown-Lakes District Makarora ⓘ Alpine Dyke Swarm	Cooper, A.F., Patterson, L.A. (2008) Carbonatites from a lamprophyric dyke-swarm, South Westland, New Zealand. The Canadian Mineralogist, 46(4): 753-777.
West Coast Region Westland District Burke River ⓘ Cowan Creek	Cooper, A.F. (1996) Nb-rich baotite in carbonatites and fenites at Haast River, New Zealand. Mineralogical Magazine Vol. 60, 473-482.
ⓘ Haast River	A. F Cooper (1971) Carbonatites and Fenitization Associated with a Lamprophyric Dike-Swarm Intrusive into Schists of the New Zealand Geosyncline. GSA Bulletin 82:1327-1340; Woolley, A. R. (2019, September). Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World, Part 4: Antarctica, Asia and Europe (excluding the former USSR), Australasia and Oceanic Islands. Geological Society of London, 283
ⓘ Haast Valley	Cooper, A.F. (1996) Nb-rich baotite in carbonatites and fenites at Haast River, New Zealand. Mineralogical Magazine Vol. 60, 473-482.
Okuru River ⓘ Whirligig Torrent	Cooper, A.F. (1996) Nb-rich baotite in carbonatites and fenites at Haast River, New Zealand. Mineralogical Magazine Vol. 60, 473-482.
Romania
Bihor Nucet Băiţa mining district (Baita Bihor; Rézbánya) Codreanu Mine ⓘ Crystal’s Cave	Onac, B.P. (2002) Caves formed within Upper Cretaceous skarns at Băiţa, Bihor County, Romania: mineral deposition and speleogenesis. Canadian Mineralogist, 40, 1693–1703.; Onac, B.P. and Damm, P. (2002) Preliminary Data on the Mineralogy of Limestone and Skarn-Hosted Caves from Baita (Bihor county, Romania). Studia UBB Geologia, 47(1), 93-104.
Tony Mine ⓘ Surprise Cave	Onac, B.P. (2002) Caves formed within Upper Cretaceous skarns at Băiţa, Bihor County, Romania: mineral deposition and speleogenesis. Canadian Mineralogist, 40, 1693–1703.
Russia
Irkutsk Oblast Vitim Plateau Biraya and Bya Rivers confluence area (Chara Basin) ⓘ Biraya Fe-REE ore occurrence	Koneva A.A., Konev A.A., Vladykin N.V. (2010) Vein complex of the Biraya carbonatite deposit. in Abstracts of XXVII International conference School «Geochemistry of Alkaline rocks». – Moscow-Koktebel’. pp. 240 pp.
ⓘ Ust'-Biraya	Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data
Murmansk Oblast Kovdor Massif ⓘ Kovdor Zheleznyi Mine (Iron Mine)	http://maurice.strahlen.org/kola/kovdor.htm; Yakovenchuk V N, Ivanyuk G Y, Mikhailova Y A, Selivanova E A, Krivovichev S V (2006) Pakhomovskyite, Co3(PO4)2·8H2O, a new mineral species from Kovdor, Kola Peninsula, Russia, The Canadian Mineralogist 44, 117-123
ⓘ Phoscorite-carbonatite pipe	Mikhailova, J. A., Kalashnikov, A. O., Sokharev, V. A., Pakhomovsky, Y. A., Konopleva, N. G., Yakovenchuk, V. N., ... & Ivanyuk, G. Y. (2016). 3D mineralogical mapping of the Kovdor phoscorite–carbonatite complex (Russia). Mineralium Deposita, 51(1), 131-149.
Northern Karelia ⓘ Vuoriyarvi alkaline-ultrabasic massif	Kapustin, J.L. (1965) Norsethite – The first find in USSR. Doklady Acad. Nauk USSR, 161, 922–924 (in Russian).; Belovitskaya, Yulia V. and Pekov, Igor V. (2004) Genetic mineralogy of the burbankite group. New Data on Minerals, 39, 50-64.
ⓘ Petyayan-vara carbonatite	Kozlov, E.; Fomina, E.; Sidorov, M.; Shilovskikh, V.; Bocharov, V.; Chernyavsky, A.; Huber, M. (2020) The Petyayan-Vara Carbonatite-Hosted Rare Earth Deposit (Vuoriyarvi, NW Russia): Mineralogy and Geochemistry. Minerals 10, 73.
Sakha Republic (Yakutia) Mirninsky District Daldyn ⓘ Udachnaya open-pit mine (Udachnaya-Vostochnaya pipe; Udachnaya pipe) ?	Sharygin, I. S., Golovin, A. V., Korsakov, A. V., & Pokhilenko, N. P. (2013). Eitelite in sheared peridotite xenoliths from Udachnaya-East kimberlite pipe (Russia)–a new locality and host rock type. European Journal of Mineralogy, 25(5), 825-834.
Tuva ⓘ Belaya Zima REE-Nb deposit	Doroshkevich, A. G., Veksler, I. V., Izbrodin, I. A., Ripp, G. S., Khromova, E. A., Posokhov, V. F., ... & Vladykin, N. V. (2016). Stable isotope composition of minerals in the Belaya Zima plutonic complex, Russia: Implications for the sources of the parental magma and metasomatizing fluids. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 116, 81-96.
Sweden
Värmland County Filipstad Långban Ore District ⓘ Långban mine	Sundius, N. and Blix, R. (1965) Norsethite from Långban. Arkiv. Mineral. Geol. 4: 277–278.; Nysten, P., Holtstam, D. and Jonsson, E. (1999) The Långban minerals. In Holtstam, D. and Langhof, J. (eds.) (1999) Långban: The mines, their minerals, geology and explorers. Swedish Museum of Natural History and Raster Förlag, Stockholm & Chr. Weise Verlag, Munich, 216 pp. (pp. 89-183).
USA
Colorado Gunnison Co. White Earth Mining District (Powderhorn Mining District) ⓘ Iron Hill deposit (Iron Hill carbonatite complex)	Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckel
Wyoming Sweetwater Co. Green River formation ⓘ Westvaco mine (TL)	Am Min 46:420-429