Nsutite
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Formula:
(Mn4+,Mn2+)(O,OH)2
Colour:
grey-black
Hardness:
6½ - 8
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Member of:
This page provides mineralogical data about Nsutite.
Classification of Nsutite
Approved
4/D.10-20
4.DB.15c
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
B : With medium-sized cations; chains of edge-sharing octahedra
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
B : With medium-sized cations; chains of edge-sharing octahedra
4.4.8.1
4 : SIMPLE OXIDES
4 : AX2
4 : SIMPLE OXIDES
4 : AX2
7.18.9
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
18 : Oxides of Mn
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
18 : Oxides of Mn
Physical Properties of Nsutite
Chemical Properties of Nsutite
Formula:
(Mn4+,Mn2+)(O,OH)2
IMA Formula:
Mn2+xMn4+1-xO2-2x(OH)2x
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Nsutite
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.65 Å, c = 4.43 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 0.459
Unit Cell V:
357.26 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.96 | (vs) |
2.43 | (s) |
2.34 | (m) |
2.13 | (s) |
1.638 | (s) |
1.615 | (w) |
1.425 | (w) |
Comments:
Sample from Nsuta, Ghana
Type Occurrence of Nsutite
Synonyms of Nsutite
Other Language Names for Nsutite
Relationship of Nsutite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Akhtenskite | ε-Mn4+O2 | Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P63/mmc |
Paramontroseite | V4+O2 | Orth. |
Ramsdellite | Mn4+O2 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Strengite | 19 photos of Nsutite associated with Strengite on mindat.org. |
Goethite | 8 photos of Nsutite associated with Goethite on mindat.org. |
Torbernite | 7 photos of Nsutite associated with Torbernite on mindat.org. |
Cacoxenite | 6 photos of Nsutite associated with Cacoxenite on mindat.org. |
Beraunite | 5 photos of Nsutite associated with Beraunite on mindat.org. |
Phosphosiderite | 4 photos of Nsutite associated with Phosphosiderite on mindat.org. |
Quartz | 3 photos of Nsutite associated with Quartz on mindat.org. |
Paulkerrite | 2 photos of Nsutite associated with Paulkerrite on mindat.org. |
Cryptomelane | 2 photos of Nsutite associated with Cryptomelane on mindat.org. |
Akhtenskite | 2 photos of Nsutite associated with Akhtenskite on mindat.org. |
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping
4.DB.05 | Argutite | GeO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
4.DB.05 | Cassiterite | SnO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
4.DB.05 | Plattnerite | PbO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) |
4.DB.05 | Pyrolusite | Mn4+O2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
4.DB.05 | Rutile | TiO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
4.DB.05 | Tripuhyite | Fe3+Sb5+O4 | Tet. |
4.DB.05 | Tugarinovite | MoO2 | Mon. |
4.DB.05 | Varlamoffite | (Sn,Fe)(O,OH)2 | |
4.DB.10 | Byströmite | MgSb2O6 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nmm |
4.DB.10 | Tapiolite-(Fe) | (Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
4.DB.10 | Tapiolite-(Mn) | (Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
4.DB.10 | Ordoñezite | ZnSb2O6 | Tet. |
4.DB.15b | Akhtenskite | ε-Mn4+O2 | Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P63/mmc |
4.DB.15a | Paramontroseite | V4+O2 | Orth. |
4.DB.15a | Ramsdellite | Mn4+O2 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
4.DB.20 | Scrutinyite | α-PbO2 | Orth. |
4.DB.25 | Ishikawaite | U4+Fe2+Nb2O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.25 | Ixiolite | (Ta,Nb,Sn,Fe,Mn)4O8 | Orth. |
4.DB.25 | Samarskite-(Y) | (Y,Fe3+,Fe2+,U,Th,Ca)2(Nb,Ta)2O8 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
4.DB.25 | Srilankite | ZrTi2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
4.DB.25 | Yttrocolumbite-(Y) | Y(U4+,Fe2+)Nb2O8 | |
4.DB.25 | Calciosamarskite | (Ca,Fe3+,Y)2(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.25 | Samarskite-(Yb) | (Yb,Y,Fe3+,Fe2+,U,Th,Ca)2(Nb,Ta)2O8 | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
4.DB.30 | Ferberite | FeWO4 | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
4.DB.30 | Hübnerite | MnWO4 | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
4.DB.30 | Sanmartinite | (Zn,Fe)WO4 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
4.DB.30 | Krasnoselskite | CoWO4 | Mon. |
4.DB.30 | Heftetjernite | ScTaO4 | Mon. 2/m |
4.DB.30 | Huanzalaite | MgWO4 | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
4.DB.35 | Columbite-(Fe) | FeNb2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
4.DB.35 | Tantalite-(Fe) | FeTa2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
4.DB.35 | Columbite-(Mn) | (Mn,Fe)(Nb,Ta)2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
4.DB.35 | Tantalite-(Mn) | MnTa2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
4.DB.35 | Columbite-(Mg) | (Mg,Fe,Mn)(Nb,Ta)2O6 | Orth. |
4.DB.35 | Qitianlingite | (Fe,Mn)2(Nb,Ta)2WO10 | Orth. |
4.DB.35 | Magnocolumbite | (Mg,Fe,Mn)(Nb,Ta)2O6 | |
4.DB.35 | Tantalite-(Mg) | (Mg,Fe2+)(Ta,Nb)2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
4.DB.40 | Ferrowodginite | Fe2+Sn4+Ta2O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.40 | Lithiotantite | LiTa3O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.40 | Lithiowodginite | LiTa3O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.40 | Titanowodginite | Mn2+TiTa2O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.40 | Wodginite | Mn2+Sn4+Ta2O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.40 | Ferrotitanowodginite | Fe2+TiTa2O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.40 | Wolframowodginite | Mn(Mn,Sn,Fe,Ta)(W,Ta,Nb)2O8 | |
4.DB.45 | Tivanite | V3+TiO3(OH) | Mon. |
4.DB.50 | Carmichaelite | (Ti,Cr,Fe)[O2-x(OH)x] | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
4.DB.55 | Alumotantite | AlTaO4 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
4.DB.60 | Biehlite | ((Sb,As)O)2[MoO4] | Mon. |
Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals Grouping
7.18.1 | Manganosite | MnO | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m |
7.18.2 | Hausmannite | Mn2+Mn3+2O4 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd |
7.18.3 | Pyrolusite | Mn4+O2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
7.18.4 | Ramsdellite | Mn4+O2 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
7.18.5 | Akhtenskite | ε-Mn4+O2 | Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P63/mmc |
7.18.6 | Feitknechtite | Mn3+O(OH) | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1 |
7.18.7 | Manganite | Mn3+O(OH) | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
7.18.8 | Groutite | Mn3+O(OH) | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
7.18.10 | Pyrochroite | Mn(OH)2 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) |
7.18.11 | Birnessite | (Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
7.18.12 | Aurorite | (Mn2+,Ag,Ca)Mn4+3O7 · 3H2O | Trig. 3 : R3 |
7.18.13 | Cianciulliite | Mn(Mg,Mn)2Zn2(OH)10 · 2-4H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
References for Nsutite
Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
American Mineralogist (1962): 47: 246-266.
Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte (1974): 373-384.
Internet Links for Nsutite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2940.html
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Localities for Nsutite
Locality List




All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Zwicker, W.K. et al (1962) Nsutite - a widespread manganese oxide mineral. American Mineralogist, 47, 246-266. |
| Econ Geol (1981) 76:556-567 |
| Zwicker, W.K. et al (1962) Nsutite - a widespread manganese oxide mineral. American Mineralogist, 47, 246-266. |
Zwicker, W.K. et al (1962) Nsutite - a widespread manganese oxide mineral. American Mineralogist, 47, 246-266. | |
| Jones, S., McNaughton, n.j., Grguric, B., 2013. Structural controls and timing of fault-hosted manganese at Woodie Woodie, East Pilbara, Western Australia. Ore Geology Reviews. 50, 52-82. |
Austria | |
| European Journal of Mineralogy 17(1), 163-172(2005) |
Belgium | |
| Hatert, F., Blondieau, M., Puccio, S., Baijot, M. et Gustine, C. (2014) - Le gisement de manganèse de la vallée de la Lienne, Belgique. Le Règne Minéral, 117, pp. 5-28, editions du Piat. |
| |
| Hatert, F., Deliens, M., Fransolet, A.-M. & van der Meersche, E. (2002): Les minéraux de Belgique. 2ème édition, Muséum des Sciences Naturelles, Bruxelles, Ed., 304 p. |
Hatert, F., Deliens, M., Fransolet, A.-M. & van der Meersche, E. (2002): Les minéraux de Belgique. 2ème édition, Muséum des Sciences Naturelles, Bruxelles, Ed., 304 p. | |
Brazil | |
| Zwicker, W.K. et al (1962) Nsutite - a widespread manganese oxide mineral. American Mineralogist, 47, 246-266. |
Zwicker, W.K. et al (1962) Nsutite - a widespread manganese oxide mineral. American Mineralogist, 47, 246-266. | |
| Waber (1991) |
Waber (1991) | |
| Proceedings 30th Intl Geol Cong Vol 16 pp 84-95 |
Burkina Faso | |
| Sattran, V. & Wenmenga, U. (2002): Géologie du Burkina Faso - Geology of Burkina Faso. Czech Geological Survey, 136 pp. ; Hénocque, O., Ruffet, G., Colin, F., & Féraud, G. (1998). < sup> 40 Ar/< sup> 39 Ar dating of West African lateritic cryptomelanes. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 62(16), 2739-2756. |
China | |
| Guilin Institute of Metallurgical Geology, Rocks & Minerals Department, Manganese Thematic Group (1976): Geology and Prospecting 12(5), 47-52; Huacai Chen (1989): Geology and Prospecting 25(10), 6-11; Shouquan Zhu (1990): Geology and Prospecting 26(12), 57 |
Guilin Institute of Metallurgical Geology, Rocks & Minerals Department, Manganese Thematic Group (1976): Geology and Prospecting 12(5), 47-52 | |
| Liangkai Gu (1986): Geology and Prospecting 22(1), 15-18 |
Liangkai Gu (1986): Geology and Prospecting 22(1), 15-18 | |
Fengjun Ma (1986): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 1(2) | |
| Liangkai Gu (1986): Geology and Prospecting 22(1), 15-18; Renxian Zheng (1994): Geology and Prospecting 30(2), 8-14; Guicheng Huang, Xiongwu Wang, Shiyi Yang, Longqing Chen, and Jingsheng Ling (2001): Mineral Deposits 20(3), 243-250; Jianwei Li, Vasconcelos, P., Wei Zhang, Xiaodong Deng, Duzgoren-Aydin, N., Dairong Yan, Jianqiang Zhang, and Mingan Hu (2007): Mineralium Deposita 42(4), 361-383 |
| Ruixia Hao and Guangyue Guan (1995): China's Manganese Industry 13(1) |
| Shikun Huang (1990): Geology and Prospecting 26(9), 6-11, 20; Ruixia Hao and Guangyue Guan (1995): China's Manganese Industry 13(1); Zeng, Y., and Liu, T. (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15(1), 153-163 |
| Shouquan Zhu (2001): Geology and Prospecting 37(2), 58-61 |
| Yinsheng Lang, Jianwei Li, Xiaodong Deng, Wei Zhang, Dairong Yan, and Lei Chen (2007): Mineral Deposits 26(5), 527-540 |
| Guilin Institute of Metallurgical Geology, Rocks & Minerals Department, Manganese Thematic Group (1976): Geology and Prospecting 12(5), 47-52; Shikun Huang (1990): Geology and Prospecting 26(9), 6-11, 20 |
| Jiuling Zhang (1982): Geology and Prospecting 18(2), 26-40 |
| Guilin Institute of Metallurgical Geology, Rocks & Minerals Department, Manganese Thematic Group (1976): Geology and Prospecting 12(5), 47-52 |
Guilin Institute of Metallurgical Geology, Rocks & Minerals Department, Manganese Thematic Group (1976): Geology and Prospecting 12(5), 47-52 | |
| Hunan Metallurgical Geology Research Team 236 (1977): Geology and Prospecting 13(8), 20-25, 28 |
| Jiuling Zhang (1982): Geology and Prospecting 18(2), 26-40 |
| Guilin Institute of Metallurgical Geology, Rocks & Minerals Department, Manganese Thematic Group (1976): Geology and Prospecting 12(5), 47-52 |
| Yinsheng Lang, Jianwei Li, Xiaodong Deng, Wei Zhang, Dairong Yan, and Lei Chen (2007): Mineral Deposits 26(5), 527-540 |
Yinsheng Lang, Jianwei Li, Xiaodong Deng, Wei Zhang, Dairong Yan, and Lei Chen (2007): Mineral Deposits 26(5), 527-540 | |
Guilin Institute of Metallurgical Geology, Rocks & Minerals Department, Manganese Thematic Group (1976): Geology and Prospecting 12(5), 47-52 | |
Yinsheng Lang, Jianwei Li, Xiaodong Deng, Wei Zhang, Dairong Yan, and Lei Chen (2007): Mineral Deposits 26(5), 527-540 | |
Yinsheng Lang, Jianwei Li, Xiaodong Deng, Wei Zhang, Dairong Yan, and Lei Chen (2007): Mineral Deposits 26(5), 527-540 | |
| Shikun Huang (1990): Geology and Prospecting 26(9), 6-11, 20 |
| Ziqiang Wei (1976): Geology and Prospecting 12(8), 25-29 |
Jiuling Zhang (1982): Geology and Prospecting 18(2), 26-40 | |
| Yuanfang Xiao (1980): Geology and Prospecting 16(3), 18-20; Jiuling Zhang (1982): Geology and Prospecting 18(2), 26-40 |
| Jiuling Zhang (1982): Geology and Prospecting 18(2), 26-40; Canhui Luo (1992): Geology and Prospecting 28(5), 13-16, 22 |
| Zhicheng Lü, Paiping Zhang, Guozheng Duan, Libo Hao, and Guanghua Dong (2002): Journal of Mineraloy and Petrology 22(1), 1-5 |
| Guilin Institute of Metallurgical Geology, Rocks & Minerals Department, Manganese Thematic Group (1976): Geology and Prospecting 12(5), 47-52 |
| Shaozhi Zhou (1999): Geology and Prospecting 35(3), 6-8, 23 |
Qingrong Zheng, Xinjun Zhang, and Erhu Sun (2012): Resources & Industries 14(2), 106-111 | |
| Yuchun Yang (1990): Geology and Prospecting 26(8), 20-23 |
France | |
| A. Wittern, J.-R. Journée: "Mineralien finden in den Vogesen", von Loga (Cologne), 1997 |
| Patrice Queneau Collection |
| Bull. Soc. Franç. Minéralo. Cristallo. , 1974, 97, pp. 475-478. |
| Bull. Soc. Franç. Minéralo. Cristallo. , 1974, 97, pp. 475-478. |
| Bull. Soc. Franç. Minéralo. Cristallo. , 1974, 97, pp. 475-478. |
| Bull. Soc. Franç. Minéralo. Cristallo. , 1974, 97, pp. 475-478. |
| Bull. Soc. Franç. Minéralo. Cristallo. , 1974, 97, pp. 475-478. |
| Le Règne Minéral 47: 5-21 |
| Bull. Soc. Franç. Minéralo. Cristallo. , 1974, 97, pp. 475-478. |
| DE ASCENCAO GUEDES R., TIXADOR Y., CASTERET A. & GOUJOU JC. (2002) La mine de Coustou, Vielle-Aure, Hautes-Pyrénées. Le Règne Minéral, 47, 23-31. (in french) |
Germany | |
| K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992 |
| Walenta, K. (1992): Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, 336 pp. (in German) |
| Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990 |
Ghana (TL) | |
| Sorem, R. K. Cameron, E. N (1960), Manganese oxides and associated minerals of the Nsuta manganese deposits, Ghana, West Africa. Economic Geology,55, 278-310. |
Greece | |
| Zwicker, W.K. et al (1962) Nsutite - a widespread manganese oxide mineral. American Mineralogist, 47, 246-266. |
| Andrew P. Fornadel, Paul G. Spry, Vasilios Melfos, Michael Vavelidis and Panagiotis Ch. Voudouris (2011): Is the Palea Kavala Bi–Te–Pb–Sb ± Au district, northeastern Greece, an intrusion-related system? Ore Geology Reviews, 39, 119-133. |
Hungary | |
| Szakáll & Jánosi (1996) The Minerals of Hungary |
Italy | |
| Barresi, A. & Ambrino, P. (2002): Segnalazione di nsutite nei giacimenti di manganese della Val Graveglia. Notiziario di Mineralogia del Ferrania Club, 16, 5-6. |
| S. Möckel probed (M.E. Ciriotti, 2007) |
Japan | |
| Nambu et al (1979) Ganseki-Koubutsu-Koshogaku Zasshi (JAMP), 74, 406-412. |
| Am Min 48:952-954 (as "yokosukaite") |
| Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
Akira Kato (undated manuscript): Country rock and Minerals of the Kaso mine, Kanuma City, Tochigi Prefecture. (in japanese) | |
| Yamada, S. (2004) Nihonsan-koubutsu Gojuon-hairetsu Sanchi-ichiranhyou (111 pp.) |
| Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) | |
| Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Nambu ore collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
Nambu M, Tanida K (1967) Manjirōite, a new manganese dioxide mineral, from Kohare Mine, Iwate Prefecture, Japan. Journal of the Japanese Association of Mineralogists, Petrologists and Economic Geologists 58, 39-54 | |
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) | |
| Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) | |
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) | |
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) | |
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) | |
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) | |
| Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) | |
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) | |
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) | |
| Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) | |
| Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) | |
| Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
Mexico | |
| Megaw, P.K.M., 1990b, Geology and geochemistry of the Santa Eulalia mining district, Chihuahua, Mexico.: Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of Arizona, 549 p |
| Zwicker, W.K. et al (1962) Nsutite - a widespread manganese oxide mineral. American Mineralogist, 47, 246-266. |
| Panczner(1987):284. |
New Zealand | |
| Zwicker, W.K. et al (1962) Nsutite - a widespread manganese oxide mineral. American Mineralogist, 47, 246-266. |
Norway | |
| Neumann, H. (1985): Norges Mineraler. Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse Skrifter 68, p. 74. |
Philippines | |
| Zwicker, W.K. et al (1962) Nsutite - a widespread manganese oxide mineral. American Mineralogist, 47, 246-266. |
Portugal | |
| |
| Martins da Pedra collection |
Romania | |
| http://minerals-of-the-carpathians.eu |
Russia | |
| Brusnitsyn A.I. (2000) Rhodonite deposits of Middle Ural, - S.-Peterburg Univercity press, p. 200 (in Rus.). |
| Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow |
| Sharkov, A.A. (2009): Lithology and Mineral Resources 44(1), 19-35. |
South Africa | |
| Cairncross, B. and Dixon, R., (1995) Minerals of South Africa. The Geological Society of South Africa: pp 227. |
South Korea | |
| Bernard, J. & Hyrsl, J. (2004) Minerals and their Localities. |
Switzerland | |
| Ansermet, S. (2012): Mines et minéraux du Valais - II. Anniviers et Tourtemagne. With contributions by N. Meisser, Ed. Porte-plumes (Ayer) |
USA | |
| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 315; Koutz, F. (1984), The Hardshell silver, base-metal, Mn-oxide deposit, in Wilkins, J. (editor), AZ Geol. Soc. Digest: 15: 199. |
| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 240, 315. |
| Huebner, J. Stephen; Flohr, Marta J. (1990) Microbanded manganese formations; protoliths in the Franciscan Complex, California; USGS Professional Paper 1502. |
| Anderson, 1991. Maine Mineral Localities, 2nd ed. |
| Geology and Ore Deposits of the Philipsburg District, Granite Co., Montana; William C. Prinz, 1967 |
Geology and Ore Deposits of the Philipsburg District, Granite Co., Montana; William C. Prinz, 1967 | |
| Geology and Ore Deposits of the Philipsburg District, Granite Co., Montana; William C. Prinz, 1967 |
Geology and Ore Deposits of the Philipsburg District, Granite Co., Montana; William C. Prinz, 1967 | |
| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah; U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1024, |
Sítio do Castelo Mine, Folgosinho, Gouveia, Guarda District, Portugal