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Palmierite

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02946360014950646719910.jpg
Palmierite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
04340390014953863531943.jpg
Palmierite

La Cruz lead smelter slag locality, Linares, Linares-La Carolina mining district, Jaén, Andalusia, Spain
05690900015897458855432.jpg
Palmierite

Santa Ana Mine, Tocopilla District, Tocopilla Province, Antofagasta, Chile
01976240014948220841917.jpg
Palmierite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
09946330014948860132218.jpg
Palmierite

La Cruz lead smelter slag locality, Linares, Linares-La Carolina mining district, Jaén, Andalusia, Spain
06941780015893661779465.jpg
Palmierite

Santa Ana Mine, Tocopilla District, Tocopilla Province, Antofagasta, Chile
02946360014950646719910.jpg
Palmierite

Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
03273220015100878905803.jpg
Palmierite

La Cruz lead smelter slag locality, Linares, Linares-La Carolina mining district, Jaén, Andalusia, Spain
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About PalmieriteHide

00938200014948860107560.png
Luigi Palmieri
Formula:
(K,Na)2Pb(SO4)2
Colour:
Colourless, white; colourless in transmitted light
Lustre:
Vitreous, Pearly
Hardness:
2
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Name:
Named in honor of Luigi Palmieri (22 April 1807, Faicchio, Benevento, Italy – 9 September 1896, Naples, Italy), physicist and meteorologist, and Director of the Vesuvius Observatory. He was famous for his scientific studies of the eruptions of Mount Vesuvius, for his research on earthquakes and meteorological phenomena and for improving the seismograph.
Isostructural with:
Kalistrontite
The lead analogue of Kalistrontite. Compare eleomelanite.

In experimental volcanic gas condensation by Africano et al. (2002) it deposited in the range of ca. 600-400oC.


Classification of PalmieriteHide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Strunz 8th ed.:
6/A.08-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:
7.AD.40

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
A : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, without H2O
D : With only large cations
Dana 8th ed.:
28.4.3.1

28 : ANHYDROUS ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
4 : Miscellaneous
Hey's CIM Ref.:
25.7.5

25 : Sulphates
7 : Sulphates of Pb

Physical Properties of PalmieriteHide

Lustre:
Vitreous, Pearly
Colour:
Colourless, white; colourless in transmitted light
Hardness:
2 on Mohs scale

Optical Data of PalmieriteHide

Type:
Uniaxial (-)

Chemical Properties of PalmieriteHide

Formula:
(K,Na)2Pb(SO4)2
IMA Formula:
K2Pb(SO4)2
Elements listed:
K, Na, O, Pb, S - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of PalmieriteHide

Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
3m (3 2/m) - Hexagonal Scalenohedral
Space Group:
R3m
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.49 Å, c = 20.84 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 3.796
Unit Cell V:
543.97 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
3
Morphology:
Crystals are microscopic micaceous plates {0001}, with hexagonal outlines.

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
6.948 Å(35)
4.333 Å(45)
3.138 Å(100)
2.749 Å(70)
2.557 Å(35)
2.156 Å(30)
2.068 Å(35)

Type Occurrence of PalmieriteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Mt Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples, Campania, Italy
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Volcanic fumaroles
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Aphthitalite

Other Language Names for PalmieriteHide

German:Palmierit
Simplified Chinese:钾钠铅矾
Spanish:Palmierita

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz GroupingHide

7.AD.CalciolangbeiniteK2Ca2(SO4)3Iso. 2 3 : P21 3
7.AD.BubnovaiteK2Na8Ca(SO4)6Trig. 3m : P3 1c
7.AD.05ArcaniteK2SO4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
7.AD.05Mascagnite(NH4)2SO4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
7.AD.10MercalliteKHSO4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
7.AD.15MiseniteK8H6(SO4)7Mon.
7.AD.20Letovicite(NH4)3H(SO4)2Tric.
7.AD.25GlauberiteNa2Ca(SO4)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
7.AD.30AnhydriteCaSO4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
7.AD.35AnglesitePbSO4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
7.AD.35BaryteBaSO4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
7.AD.35CelestineSrSO4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
7.AD.35OlsacheritePb2(Se6+O4)(SO4)Orth.
7.AD.40KalistrontiteK2Sr(SO4)2Trig.

Related Minerals - Dana Grouping (8th Ed.)Hide

28.4.3.2KalistrontiteK2Sr(SO4)2Trig.
28.4.3.3MereiteriteK2Fe(SO4)2 · 4H2OMon.

Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals GroupingHide

25.7.1SchaurteiteCa3Ge(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2OHex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P63/mmc
25.7.2Zircosulfate(Zr,Ti)(SO4)2 · 4H2OOrth.
25.7.3AnglesitePbSO4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
25.7.4LanarkitePb2(SO4)OMon. 2/m : B2/m
25.7.6LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
25.7.7ElyitePb4Cu(SO4)O2(OH)4 · H2OMon. 2/m
25.7.8ChenitePb4Cu(SO4)2(OH)6Tric. 1 : P1
25.7.9OsarizawaitePb(Al2Cu2+)(SO4)2(OH)6Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m
25.7.10ItoitePb3Ge4+(SO4)2O2(OH)2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
25.7.11FleischeritePb3Ge(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2OHex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P63/mmc
25.7.12Beaverite-(Cu)Pb(Fe3+2Cu)(SO4)2(OH)6Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m
25.7.13PlumbojarositePb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for PalmieriteHide

Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Lacroix, A. (1907) Les minéraux des fumerolles de l'éruption du Vésuve en avril 1906. Bulletin de la Société Française de Minéralogie: 30: 219-266.
Lacroix, A. (1907) Sur une espèce minérale nouvelle des fumerolles à haute température de la récente éruption du Vésuve. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences: 144: 1397-1401.
Lacroix (1908) Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie: 31: 261.
Zambonini, F. (1921) Sur la palmiérite du Vésuve et les mineraux qui l'accompagnent. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences: 172: 1419-1422.
Wherry, E.T. (1922) New minerals: redefinition of species. American Mineralogist: 7: 194-196.
Cesàro (1934) Bull. Académie royale des sciences de Belgique, Brussels: 5: 20: 683.
Bellanca, A. (1946) La struttura della palmierite. Periodico di Mineralogia: 15: 5-25. (in Italian)
Palache, Charles, Harry Berman, Clifford Frondel (1951) The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Seventh edition, Volume II: 403-404.
Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte (1973): 75-78.
Moore, P.B. (1973) Bracelets and pinwheels: A topological-geometrical approach to the calcium orthosilicate and alkali sulfate structures. American Mineralogist: 58: 32-42.
Periodico di Mineralogia (1985): 54: 34.
Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry: 10: 1-112.
Tissot, R.G., Rodriguez, M.A., Sipola, D.L., Voigt, J.A. (2001) X-ray powder diffraction study of synthetic Palmierite, K2Pb(SO4)2. Powder Diffraction: 16: 92-97.
Africano, F., Van Rompaey, G., Bernard, A., Le Guern, F. (2002) Deposition of trace elements from high temperature gases of Satsuma-Iwojima volcano. Earth Planets Space: 54: 275-286.

Internet Links for PalmieriteHide

Localities for PalmieriteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (eg from pseudomorphs.)

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Austria
 
  • Carinthia
    • Sankt Veit an der Glan District
      • Frauenstein
        • Äußere Wimitz
G. Blass, A. Pichler: Carinthia II 191./111.: 43-55 (2001)
Chile
 
  • Antofagasta
    • Tocopilla Province
      • Tocopilla District
samples analysed by Gerhard Mohn and Joy Desor
Germany
 
  • North Rhine-Westphalia
    • Arnsberg
      • Hochsauerlandkreis
        • Bestwig
Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
SCHNORRER, G. (1995): Mineralogische Neuheiten von bekannten deutschen Fundorten. Lapis 20 (12), 43-48; 62.
      • Märkischer Kreis
        • Iserlohn
          • Letmathe
Bender, D. and Krimmelbein, W. (1994) Aktuelle Übersicht: Mineralien der Zinkhütte Genna/Sauerland. Stand Juni 1994. Mineralien-Welt, 4/94, 10.
    • Cologne
      • Aachen
        • Stolberg
Blaß, G. & Graf, H. W. (1995): Neufunde von Schlackenhalden in der nördlichen Eifel (II). Mineralien-Welt, 6 (3), 28-31.
Indonesia
 
  • Special Region of Yogyakarta
    • Gunung Merapi volcano (Mt Merapi)
Symonds, R. (1993): Scanning electron microscope observations of Merapi Volcano, Indonesia. Geochemical Journal: 26: 337-350
Italy (TL)
 
  • Campania
    • Naples
      • Somma-Vesuvius Complex
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 404; Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906; Balassone, G.; Petti, C.; Mondillo, N.; Panikorovskii, T.L.; de Gennaro, R.; Cappelletti, P.; Altomare, A.; Corriero, N.; Cangiano, M.; D’Orazio, L. (2019) Copper Minerals at Vesuvius Volcano (Southern Italy): A Mineralogical Review. Minerals 9, 730.
Pelloux, A. (1927) The minerals of Vesuvius. American Mineralogist, 12, 14–21; Russo, M., and Punzo, I. (2004) I Minerali del Somma-Vesuvio. AMI Associazione Micro-mineralogica Italiana, Tipografia Fantigrafica s.r.l., Cremona, 320 pp.
Romania
 
  • Teleorman
Hansen, S., Montero-Ruiz, I., Rovira, S., Steiniger, D., & Toderaş, M. (2019). The earliest lead ore processing in Europe. 5th millennium BC finds from Pietrele on the Lower Danube. PloS one, 14(4), e0214218.
Russia
 
  • Kamchatka Krai
    • Tolbachik volcano
      • Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture)
        • Northern Breakthrough (North Breach)
          • Second scoria cone
Zelenski, M.E., Zubkova, N.V., Pekov, I.V., Polekhovsky, Yu.S. & Pushcharovsky, D.Yu. (2012): Cupromolybdite, Cu3O(MoO4)2, a new fumarolic mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy, 24, 749-757.
Spain
 
  • Andalusia
    • Jaén
      • Linares-La Carolina mining district
        • Linares
Calvo, M.(2014). Minerales y Minas de España. Vol. VI, Sulfatos (seleniatos, teluratos), cromatos, molibdatos y wolframatos. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Minas de Madrid - Fundación Gómez Pardo. 653 pp.
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