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Pararobertsite

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08782310014977514437609.jpg
Pararobertsite, etc.

Tip Top Mine, Fourmile, Custer Mining District, Custer Co., South Dakota, USA
02541900014977181732344.jpg
Pararobertsite, etc.

Tip Top Mine, Fourmile, Custer Mining District, Custer Co., South Dakota, USA
03423130014964274063665.jpg
Pararobertsite

Tip Top Mine, Fourmile, Custer Mining District, Custer Co., South Dakota, USA
05035220014949483262326.jpg
Pararobertsite, etc.

Tip Top Mine, Fourmile, Custer Mining District, Custer Co., South Dakota, USA
07005530014949483268423.jpg
Pararobertsite, etc.

Tip Top Mine, Fourmile, Custer Mining District, Custer Co., South Dakota, USA
04337530014950738907023.jpg
Pararobertsite

Tip Top Mine, Fourmile, Custer Mining District, Custer Co., South Dakota, USA
05035220014949483262326.jpg
Pararobertsite, etc.

Tip Top Mine, Fourmile, Custer Mining District, Custer Co., South Dakota, USA
07005530014949483268423.jpg
Pararobertsite, etc.

Tip Top Mine, Fourmile, Custer Mining District, Custer Co., South Dakota, USA
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About PararobertsiteHide

Formula:
Ca2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Colour:
Bronze, cinnamon brown, yellow, dark red
Lustre:
Sub-Vitreous, Resinous, Waxy, Greasy
Hardness:
2
Specific Gravity:
3.22
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in 1988 by Andrew C. Roberts, B. Darko Sturman, Pete J. Dunn, and Willard L. Roberts, from the Greek 'para' for near, and robertsite, for the polymorphic relationship with that mineral.
Dimorph of:
Robertsite
This page provides mineralogical data about Pararobertsite.


Classification of PararobertsiteHide

IMA status:
Approved
Approval Year:
1987
First Published:
1989
Strunz 8th ed.:
7/D.30-60
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:
8.DH.30

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
H : With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 < 1:1
Dana 7th ed.:
42.8.5.2
Dana 8th ed.:
42.8.5.2

42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
8 : (AB)5(XO4)3Zq·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:
19.12.7

19 : Phosphates
12 : Phosphates of Mn

Physical Properties of PararobertsiteHide

Lustre:
Sub-Vitreous, Resinous, Waxy, Greasy
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Bronze, cinnamon brown, yellow, dark red
Comment:
Usually dark red to cinnamon brown
Streak:
Brown-red
Hardness:
2 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
on {100}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
3.22 g/cm3 (Measured)    3.21 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of PararobertsiteHide

Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.791 nβ = 1.811 nγ = 1.831
2V:
Measured: 84° , Calculated: 85° to 88°
Birefringence:
0.040
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.040
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High
Dispersion:
extreme
Optical Extinction:
Z^c = 4°
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
X=yellowish brown; Y=Z=reddish brown; Z=Y>X

Chemical Properties of PararobertsiteHide

Formula:
Ca2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Elements listed:
Ca, H, Mn, O, P - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of PararobertsiteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Setting:
P21/c
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.825 Å, b = 13.258 Å, c = 11.087 Å
β = 101.19°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.666 : 1 : 0.836
Unit Cell V:
1272.54 ų
Z:
4
Morphology:
Triangular to pseudo-rhombohedral plates, sometimes rhombic plates.

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0002513PararobertsiteKampf A R (2000) The crystal structure of pararobertsite and its relationship to mitridatite American Mineralogist 85 1302-13062000Tip Top pegmatite, Custer County, South Dakota, USA0293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
8.69 Å(100)
5.66 Å(60)
5.44 Å(50)
2.884 Å(60)
2.772 Å(70)
2.611 Å(60)
2.163 Å(60)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Geological Setting:
Fracture fillings in late-stage mineralization in a phosphate-rich granite pegmatite.

Type Occurrence of PararobertsiteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Tip Top Mine (Tip Top pegmatite), Fourmile, Custer Mining District, Custer Co., South Dakota, USA
Reference:
Roberts, Andrew C., Sturman, B. Darko, Dunn, P. J., and Roberts, Willard, L. (1989) Pararobertsite, Ca2Mn3+3(PO4)3)2.3H2), a New Mineral Species from the Tip Top Pegmatite, Custer County, South Dakota, and its Relationship to Robertsite. Canadian Mineralogist: 27: 451-455.
Download:
http://rruff.info/rruff_1.0/uploads/CM27_451.pdf

Synonyms of PararobertsiteHide

Other Language Names for PararobertsiteHide

Relationship of Pararobertsite to other SpeciesHide

Structurally related to group(s):
Mitridatite Group

Common AssociatesHide

QuartzSiO2
QuartzSiO2
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
7 photos of Pararobertsite associated with Bobdownsite
2 photos of Pararobertsite associated with WhitlockiteCa9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz GroupingHide

8.DH.05MinyuliteKAl2(PO4)2(OH,F) · 4H2OOrth. mm2 : Pba2
8.DH.10LeucophosphiteKFe3+2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.10Spheniscidite(NH4,K)(Fe3+,Al)2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon.
8.DH.10TinsleyiteKAl2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon.
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnFe){Ca}{Mn2+}{Fe2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnMg){Ca}{Mn2+}{(Mg,Fe2+)2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnMn){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mn2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15KeckiteCaMn2+(Fe3+Mn2+)Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)3 · 7H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Rittmannite{(Mn2+,Ca)}{Mn2+}{(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)2}{(Al,Fe3+)2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon.
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaFeMg){Ca}{(Fe2+,Mn2+)}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaMnMg){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.15Whiteite-(MnFeMg){(Mn2+,Ca)}{(Fe2+,Mn2+)}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(MnMnMn){Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Mn2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon.
8.DH.15Kaluginite(Mn2+,Ca)MgFe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth.
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaFeFe){Ca}{Fe2+}{Fe2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon.
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(NaFeMg)NaFe3+Mg2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(NaMnMg){(Na,Ca)}{(Mn2+,Fe3+)}{(Mg,Fe3+)2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMgMg){Ca}{Mg}{Mg2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
8.DH.20Manganosegelerite(Mn2+,Ca)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Fe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20OveriteCaMgAl(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20SegeleriteCa2 Mg2 Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pcca
8.DH.20WilhelmvierlingiteCaMnFe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OOrth.
8.DH.20JuonniiteCaMgSc(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth.
8.DH.25CalcioferriteCa2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH) · 7H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.25KingsmountiteCa3MnFeAl4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.25MontgomeryiteCa4MgAl4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OMon. 2 : B2
8.DH.25ZodaciteCa4Mn2+Fe3+4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OMon.
8.DH.30ArseniosideriteCa2Fe3+3(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.30KolfaniteCa2Fe3+3O2(AsO4)3 · 2H2OMon.
8.DH.30MitridatiteCa2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.30RobertsiteCa2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. m : Bb
8.DH.30Sailaufite(Ca,Na,◻)2Mn3+3(AsO4)2(CO3)O2 · 3H2OMon.
8.DH.35MantienneiteKMg2Al2Ti(PO4)4(OH)3 · 15H2OOrth.
8.DH.35PaulkerriteK(Mg,Mn2+)2(Fe3+,Al,Ti,Mg)2Ti(PO4)4(OH)3 · 15H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.35Benyacarite(H2O,K)2(Mn2+,Fe2+)2(Fe3+,Ti)2Ti(PO4)4(O,F)2 · 14H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.40XanthoxeniteCa4Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 3H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.45MahnertiteNaCu3(AsO4)2Cl · 5H2OTet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm
8.DH.50AndyrobertsiteKCdCu5(AsO4)4(H2AsO4) · 2H2OMon.
8.DH.50CalcioandyrobertsiteKCaCu5(AsO4)4(H2AsO4) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.DH.55EnglishiteK3Na2Ca10Al15(PO4)21(OH)7 · 26H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.60BouazzeriteBi6(Mg,Co)11Fe3+14(AsO4)18(OH)4O12 · 86H2OMon. 2/m

Related Minerals - Dana Grouping (8th Ed.)Hide

42.8.5.1KolfaniteCa2Fe3+3O2(AsO4)3 · 2H2OMon.

Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals GroupingHide

19.12.1MetaswitzeriteMn2+3(PO4)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
19.12.2BermaniteMn2+Mn3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
19.12.3NatrophiliteNaMn2+PO4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna
19.12.4SidorenkiteNa3Mn2+(CO3)(PO4)Mon.
19.12.5Niahite(NH4)(Mn2+,Mg)(PO4) · H2OOrth. mm2 : Pmn21
19.12.6RobertsiteCa2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. m : Bb
19.12.8SinkankasiteMn2+Al(PO3OH)2(OH) · 6H2OTric.
19.12.9MangangordoniteMn2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric.
19.12.10Heterosite(Fe3+,Mn3+)PO4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna
19.12.11PurpuriteMn3+(PO4)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna
19.12.12WolfeiteFe2+2(PO4)(OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
19.12.13TriploiditeMn2+2(PO4)(OH)Mon. 2/m : P2/b
19.12.14LipscombiteFe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2Tet.
19.12.15FrondeliteMn2+Fe3+4(PO4)3(OH)5Orth. 2 2 2 : C2 2 21
19.12.16RockbridgeiteFe2+Fe3+4(PO4)3(OH)5Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
19.12.17Kryzhanovskite(Fe3+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2(OH,H2O)3Orth.
19.12.18LandesiteMn2+3-xFe3+x(PO4)2(OH)x · (3-x)H2OOrth.
19.12.19Phosphoferrite(Fe2+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna
19.12.20Reddingite(Mn2+,Fe2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna
19.12.21EarlshannoniteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
19.12.22HureauliteMn2+5(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
19.12.23SwitzeriteMn2+3(PO4)2 · 7H2OMon.
19.12.24LaueiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
19.12.25PseudolaueiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
19.12.26StrunziteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2OTric. 1 : P1
19.12.27StewartiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
19.12.28Alluaudite(Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3Mon.
19.12.29Ferroalluaudite(Na,Ca)Fe2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)3Mon. 2/m : B2/b
19.12.30FillowiteNa3CaMn2+11(PO4)9Trig. 3 : R3
19.12.31JohnsomervilleiteNa3CaFe11(PO4)9Trig.
19.12.32WicksiteNaCa2(Fe2+,Mn2+)4MgFe3+(PO4)6 · 2H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
19.12.33Dickinsonite-(KMnNa)(KNa)(Mn2+◻)Ca(Na2Na)Mn2+13Al(PO4)11(PO4)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
19.12.34Sarcopside(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)3(PO4)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
19.12.35LudlamiteFe2+3(PO4)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
19.12.36GraftoniteFe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
19.12.37WilhelmvierlingiteCaMnFe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OOrth.
19.12.38FairfielditeCa2Mn2+(PO4)2 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
19.12.39BeusiteMn2+Mn2+2 (PO4)2Mon.
19.12.40MesseliteCa2Fe2+(PO4)2 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
19.12.41Jahnsite-(CaMnFe){Ca}{Mn2+}{Fe2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
19.12.42Jahnsite-(CaMnMn){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mn2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
19.12.43Jahnsite-(CaMnMg){Ca}{Mn2+}{(Mg,Fe2+)2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
19.12.44KeckiteCaMn2+(Fe3+Mn2+)Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)3 · 7H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
19.12.45StanfielditeCa4Mg5(PO4)6Mon.
19.12.46Laubmannite(Fe2+,Mn2+,Ca)3Fe3+6(PO4)4(OH)12
19.12.47ZodaciteCa4Mn2+Fe3+4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OMon.
19.12.48HagendorfiteNaCaMn2+Fe2+2(PO4)3Mon. 2/m : B2/b
19.12.49Maghagendorfite(◻,Na,)(Na,Ca,Fe2+)Mn(Mg,Fe2+,Fe3+)3(PO4)3Mon.
19.12.50VaruliteNaCaMn2+Mn2+2(PO4)3Mon. 2/m : B2/b
19.12.51GriphiteNa4Li2Ca6(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)19Al8(PO4)24(F,OH)8Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
19.12.52AttakoliteCaMn2+Al4(SiO3OH)(PO4)3(OH)4Mon. 2/m : B2/m
19.12.53Arrojadite-(KFe)(KNa)(Fe2+◻)Ca(Na2◻)Fe2+13Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH)2Mon.
19.12.54Lun'okite(Mn,Ca)(Mg,Fe,Mn)Al(PO4)2OH · 4H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
19.12.55EosphoriteMn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmca
19.12.56Ernstite(Mn2+,Fe3+)Al(PO4)(OH,O)2 · H2OMon.
19.12.57ChildreniteFe2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2OOrth. mm2 : Ccc2
19.12.58BobfergusoniteNa2Mn5FeAl(PO4)6Mon. 2/m : P2/b
19.12.59QingheiiteNaMn3+Mg(Al,Fe3+)(PO4)3Mon. 2/m : P21/b
19.12.60Whiteite-(CaFeMg){Ca}{(Fe2+,Mn2+)}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
19.12.61Whiteite-(CaMnMg){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m
19.12.62Whiteite-(MnFeMg){(Mn2+,Ca)}{(Fe2+,Mn2+)}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
19.12.63Rittmannite{(Mn2+,Ca)}{Mn2+}{(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)2}{(Al,Fe3+)2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon.
19.12.64ZanazziiteCa2Mg5Be4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 6H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
19.12.65Samuelsonite(Ca,Ba)Ca8Fe2+2Mn2+2Al2(PO4)10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m

Fluorescence of PararobertsiteHide

In UV light:
Not fluorescent

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for PararobertsiteHide

Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Roberts, Andrew C., Sturman, B. Darko, Dunn, P. J., and Roberts, Willard, L. (1989) Pararobertsite, Ca2Mn3+3(PO4)3)2.3H2), a New Mineral Species from the Tip Top Pegmatite, Custer County, South Dakota, and its Relationship to Robertsite. Canadian Mineralogist: 27: 451-455.
Jambor, J.L., Puziewicz, J. (1990) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 75: 1209-1216.
Kampf, A.R. (2000) The crystal structure of pararobertsite and its relationship to mitridatite. American Mineralogist: 85: 1302-1306.

Internet Links for PararobertsiteHide

Localities for PararobertsiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (eg from pseudomorphs.)

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Poland
 
  • Lower Silesian Voivodeship
    • Dzierżoniów County
      • Piława Górna
        • DSS Piława Górna Quarry
Pieczka, A., Włodek, A., Gołębiowska, B., Szełęg, E., Szuszkiewicz, A., Ilnicki, S., Nejbert, K., Turniak, K. (2015): Phosphate-bearing pegmatites in the Góry Sowie Block and adjacent areas, Sudetes, SW Poland. 7th International Symposium on Granitic Pegmatites, PEG 2015 Książ, Poland. Abstracts: 77-78
    • Ząbkowice Śląskie County
      • Gmina Ząbkowice Śląskie
        • Szklary
Pieczka, A., Włodek, A., Gołębiowska, B., Szełęg, E., Szuszkiewicz, A., Ilnicki, S., Nejbert, K., Turniak, K. (2015): Phosphate-bearing pegmatites in the Góry Sowie Block and adjacent areas, Sudetes, SW Poland. 7th International Symposium on Granitic Pegmatites, PEG 2015 Książ, Poland. Abstracts: 77-78; Pieczka, A., Biagioni, C., Gołębiowska, B., Jeleń, P., Pasero, M., & Sitarz, M. (2018). Parafiniukite, Ca2Mn3 (PO4) 3Cl, a New Member of the Apatite Supergroup from the Szklary Pegmatite, Lower Silesia, Poland: Description and Crystal Structure. Minerals, 8(11), 485.
USA (TL)
 
  • South Dakota
    • Custer Co.
      • Custer Mining District
        • Fourmile
Nickel & Nichols, 1991, p160 - "Mineral Reference Manual"
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