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Braithwaiteite

A valid IMA mineral species
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About BraithwaiteiteHide

05193420014957207194640.jpg
R. S. W. Braithwaite
Formula:
NaCu5(Ti4+Sb5+)(AsO4)4(HAsO4)2O2 · 8H2O
Ti and Sb disordered on same crystal site: ratio is 0.87:1.13 in type material.
Colour:
Blue
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
2
Specific Gravity:
3.442
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Name:
Named in 2009 by Werner H. Paar, Mark A. Cooper, Frank C. Hawthorne, Elizabeth Moffatt, Mickey E. Gunter, Andrew C. Roberts, and Pete J. Dunn in honour of Richard S. W. Braithwaite [1930-], a British mineral spectroscopist and professor at the University of Manchester, United Kingdom.
New structure type.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
31499
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:31499:0
GUID
(UUID V4):
b824c1bc-0bb4-4775-bcab-9c1c361122a2

IMA Classification of BraithwaiteiteHide

Approved
IMA Formula:
NaCu2+5(Sb5+Ti4+)O2(AsO4)4[AsO3(OH)]2 · 8H2O
Approval year:
2006
First published:
2009

Classification of BraithwaiteiteHide

8.DB.75

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4< 1:1
39.3.16.

39 : HYDRATED ACID PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
3 : Miscellaneous

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
BwtIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Pronunciation of BraithwaiteiteHide

Pronunciation:
PlayRecorded byCountry
Jolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of BraithwaiteiteHide

Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Blue
Streak:
Very pale blue
Hardness:
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
{001}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
3.442 g/cm3 (Measured)    3.753 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of BraithwaiteiteHide

Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.698 nβ = 1.758 nγ = 1.784
2V:
Measured: 59° , Calculated: 65°
Birefringence:
0.085
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.085
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Optical Extinction:
X ∧ a = 20.5°, X ∧ b = 109.2°, X ∧ c = 110.8°.
Y ∧ a = 69.5°, Y ∧ b = 42.3°, Y ∧ c = 79.9°.
Z ∧ a = 88.4°, Z ∧ b = 125.9°, Z ∧ c = 23.4°.
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X = Y = pale blue, Z = greenish blue.
Comments:
Absorption: X = Y < Z.

Chemistry of BraithwaiteiteHide

Mindat Formula:
NaCu5(Ti4+Sb5+)(AsO4)4(HAsO4)2O2 · 8H2O

Ti and Sb disordered on same crystal site: ratio is 0.87:1.13 in type material.

Crystallography of BraithwaiteiteHide

Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:
P1
Setting:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.0308 Å, b = 9.8823 Å, c = 10.6754 Å
α = 106.973°, β = 104.274°, γ = 93.839°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.711 : 1 : 1.08
Unit Cell V:
679.76 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
1
Morphology:
Lath-like. Forms include {100}, {103}, {001}, {203}.

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0013021BraithwaiteiteHawthorne F C, Cooper M A, Paar W H (2008) The crystal structure of braithwaiteite Journal of Coordination Chemistry 61 15-292008Black Vein, Laurani, Bolivia0293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
9.825 Å(100)
9.334 Å(10)
5.887 Å(50)
5.454 Å(15)
5.075 Å(20)
4.635 Å(30)
4.109 Å(20)
3.674 Å(25)
3.601 Å(3)
3.503 Å(20)
3.354 Å(30)
3.232 Å(30)
3.195 Å(5)
3.105 Å(20)
3.020 Å(5)
2.947 Å(60)
2.858 Å(10)
2.812 Å(3)
2.736 Å(30
2.633 Å(3)
2.589 Å(5)
2.548 Å(5)
2.524 Å(10)
2.442 Å(30b)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Type Occurrence of BraithwaiteiteHide

General Appearance of Type Material:
Small dark sky-blue bladed crystals or masses.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, number CMNMC 86085.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Oxidized portion of an epithermal vein deposit.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Synonyms of BraithwaiteiteHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

8.DB.ArangasiteAl2F(PO4)(SO4) · 9H2O Mon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DB.Camaronesite[Fe3+(H2O)2(PO3OH)]2(SO4) · 1-2H2OTrig. 3 2 : R3 2
8.DB.HösliteFe3+3(VO4)2(SO4)(OH)(H2O)4 · 3H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DB.05DiadochiteFe3+2(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 6H2OAmor.
8.DB.05Pitticite(Fe, AsO4, H2O) (?)Amor.
8.DB.05DestineziteFe3+2(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 6H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DB.07WilhelmgümbeliteZnFe2+Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)4(H2O)5 · 2H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
8.DB.07Schmidite[Zn2(Fe3+,Mn2+)2Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)3(H2O)6] · 2H2OOrth.
8.DB.07WildenaueriteZn(Fe3+,Mn2+)2MnFe3+(PO4)3(OH)3(H2O)6 · 2H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
8.DB.10VashegyiteAl11(PO4)9(OH)6 · 38H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
8.DB.15SchooneriteZnMn2+Fe2+2Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)2 · 9H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
8.DB.20SinkankasiteMn2+Al(PO3OH)2(OH) · 6H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DB.25MitryaevaiteAl6(PO4)((P,S)O3(OH,O))2F2(OH)2 · 14.5H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DB.30SanjuaniteAl2(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 9H2OTric.
8.DB.35SarmientiteFe3+2(AsO4)(SO4)(OH) · 5H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DB.40BukovskýiteFe3+2(AsO4)(SO4)(OH) · 9H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DB.40FlurliteZn3Mn2+Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)2 · 9H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.DB.40ManganflurliteZnMn2+3Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)2(H2O)7 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.DB.42BohuslaviteFe3+4(PO4)3(SO4)(OH) · nH2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DB.45ZýkaiteFe3+4(AsO4)3(SO4)(OH) · 15H2OOrth. 2 2 2 : P2 2 2
8.DB.47LapeyreiteCu3O[AsO3(OH)]2 · 0.75H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.DB.50GiniiteFe2+Fe3+4(PO4)3(OH)5 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DB.50RossiantoniteAl3(PO4)(SO4)2(OH)2(H2O)14Tric. 1 : P1
8.DB.52ArctowskiteAl9(PO4)8(OH)3 · 27H2OOrth.
8.DB.55Sasaite(Al,Fe3+)14(PO4)11(SO4)(OH)7 · 83H2OOrth.
8.DB.60McauslaniteFe3Al2(PO4)3(PO3OH)F · 18H2OTric.
8.DB.65GoldquarryiteCuCd2Al3(PO4)4F2(H2O,F)2 · 10H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DB.70BirchiteCd2Cu2(PO4)2(SO4) · 5H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma

Fluorescence of BraithwaiteiteHide

Not fluorescent in UV.

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for BraithwaiteiteHide

References for BraithwaiteiteHide

Localities for BraithwaiteiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Bolivia (TL)
 
  • La Paz
    • Aroma Province
      • Laurani District
Canadian Mineralogist 47 (2009)
 
and/or  
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