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Posnjakite

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Posnjakite

Clara Mine, Rankach valley, Oberwolfach, Wolfach, Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Posnjakite

Lehenhof, Graschberg, Thierbach, Wildschönau, Wörgl, Inn valley, North Tyrol, Tyrol, Austria
Posnjakite

Clara Mine, Rankach valley, Oberwolfach, Wolfach, Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Posnjakite

Clara Mine, Rankach valley, Oberwolfach, Wolfach, Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Posnjakite

Lehenhof, Graschberg, Thierbach, Wildschönau, Wörgl, Inn valley, North Tyrol, Tyrol, Austria
Posnjakite

Clara Mine, Rankach valley, Oberwolfach, Wolfach, Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Posnjakite

Clara Mine, Rankach valley, Oberwolfach, Wolfach, Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Posnjakite

Lehenhof, Graschberg, Thierbach, Wildschönau, Wörgl, Inn valley, North Tyrol, Tyrol, Austria
Eugene W. Posnjak
Formula:
Cu4SO4(OH)6 · H2O
System:
Monoclinic
Colour:
Sky-blue to dark-blue, ...
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
2 - 3
Name:
Named in 1967 by A. I. Komkov and E. I. Nefedov in honour of Eugene Waldemar Posnjak (23 June 1888, Moscow, Russia - 31 July 1949, Santa Barbara, California), U.S. geochemist at the Geophysical Laboratory, Washington, U.S.A., who investigated the system CuO-SO3-H2O.
A copper sulphate hydrate that generally forms at low temperatures (Yoder et al., 2007). Compare also wroewolfeite.

Certain habits are easily confused with the closely related langite.



Classification of Posnjakite

IMA status:
Approved
Strunz 8th ed.:
6/D.03-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:
7.DD.10

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
D : With only medium-sized cations; sheets of edge-sharing octahedra
Dana 8th ed.:
31.4.1.1

31 : HYDRATED SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
4 : (AB)4(XO4)Zq·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:
25.2.8

25 : Sulphates
2 : Sulphates of Cu and Ag

Physical Properties of Posnjakite

Lustre:
Vitreous
Colour:
Sky-blue to dark-blue, may be slightly greenish-blue.
Streak:
Pale-blue.
Hardness (Mohs):
2 - 3
Density:
3.32 g/cm3 (Measured)    3.35 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Posnjakite

Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.625 nβ = 1.680 nγ = 1.706
2V:
Measured: 57° , Calculated: 66°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.081
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Dispersion:
r < v moderate
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X = bluish to colorless, Y = blue to dark blue, Z = greenish blue to blue

Chemical Properties of Posnjakite

IMA Formula:
Cu4SO4(OH)6 · H2O
Elements listed in formula:
Cu, H, O, S - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of Posnjakite

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
m - Domatic
Space Group:
Pm
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.578(5) Å, b = 6.345(3) Å, c = 7.863(3) Å
β = 117.98(5)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.667 : 1 : 1.239
Unit Cell Volume:
V 466.06 ų
Z:
2
Comment:
Reduced cell is 6.345, 7.863, 9.781 A, 107.247, 90, 89.999°.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
7.0 (10)
3.46 (8)
2.70 (7)
2.61 (7)
2.41 (7)
2.015 (7)
1.538 (7)

Type Occurrence of Posnjakite

Type Locality:
Nura-Taldy W deposit, Karagandy Province (Qaragandy Oblysy; Karaganda Oblast'), Kazakhstan

Relationship of Posnjakite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
7.DD.05FelsőbányaiteAl4(SO4)(OH)10 · 4H2O
7.DD.10LangiteCu4SO4(OH)6 · 2H2O
7.DD.10WroewolfeiteCu4SO4(OH)6 · 2H2O
7.DD.15SpangoliteCu6AlSO4(OH)12Cl · 3H2O
7.DD.20Ktenasite(Cu,Zn)5(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O
7.DD.25ChristeliteZn3Cu2(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O
7.DD.30CampigliaiteCu4Mn2+(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O
7.DD.30DevillineCaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O
7.DD.30OrthoserpieriteCaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O
7.DD.30SerpieriteCa(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O
7.DD.30NiedermayriteCu4Cd(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O
7.DD.30EdwardsiteCu3Cd2(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O
7.DD.35Carrboydite(Ni1-xAlx)(SO4)x/2(OH)2 · nH2O (x<0.5, n>3x/2)
7.DD.35GlaucoceriniteZn1-xAlx(SO4)x/2(OH)2 · nH2O (x<0.5, n>3x/2)
7.DD.35Honessite(Ni1-xFex3+)(SO4)x/2(OH)2 · nH2O (x < 0.5, n < 3x/2)
7.DD.35Hydrohonessite(Ni1-xFex3+)(SO4)x/2(OH)2 · nH2O (x < 0.5, n > 3x/2)
7.DD.35Motukoreaite[Mg6Al3(OH)18][Na0.6(SO4,CO3)2 · 12H2O]
7.DD.35MountkeithiteMg11Fe33+(SO4)3.5(OH)24 · 11H2O
7.DD.35ShigaiteNaAl3Mn62+(SO4)2(OH)18 · 12H2O
7.DD.35WermlanditeMg8Al2(OH)18(SO4)2 · 12H2O
7.DD.35Woodwardite(Cu,Al)9(SO4)2(OH)18 · nH2O
7.DD.35Zincaluminite(Zn,Al)9(SO4)2(OH)18 · nH2O
7.DD.35Hydrowoodwardite(Cu1-xAlx)(SO4)x/2(OH)2 · nH2O (x < 0.5, n > 3x/2)
7.DD.35ZincowoodwarditeZn1-xAlx(OH)2(SO4)x/2 · nH2O (x=0.32-0.50)
7.DD.35NatroglaucoceriniteZn8-xAlx(OH)16(SO4)x/2+y/2Nay(H2O)6
7.DD.35NikischeriteNaFe62+Al3(SO4)2(OH)18(H2O)12
7.DD.40LawsonbaueriteMn92+Zn4(SO4)2(OH)22 · 8H2O
7.DD.40TorreyiteMg9Zn4(SO4)2(OH)22 · 8H2O
7.DD.45MooreiteMg15(SO4)2(OH)26 · 8H2O
7.DD.50NamuwiteZn4SO4(OH)6 · 4H2O
7.DD.55BechereriteZn7Cu(OH)13[SiO(OH)3SO4]
7.DD.60RamsbeckiteCu15(SO4)4(OH)22 · 6H2O
7.DD.65VonbezingiteCa6Cu3(SO4)3(OH)12 · 2H2O
7.DD.70RedgilliteCu6SO4(OH)10 · H2O
7.DD.75ChalcoalumiteCuAl4SO4(OH)12 · 3H2O
7.DD.75Nickelalumite(Ni,Cu)Al4(SO4,(NO3)2)(OH)12 · 3H2O
7.DD.75KyrgyzstaniteZnAl4SO4(OH)12 · 3H2O
7.DD.80GuarinoiteZn6SO4(OH)10 · 5H2O
7.DD.80Schulenbergite(Cu,Zn)7(SO4)2(OH)10 · 3H2O
7.DD.80ThérèsemagnaniteNaCo4(SO4)(OH)6Cl · 6H2O
7.DD.80UM1992-30-SO:CCuHZn(Zn,Cu)7(SO4,CO3)2(OH)10 · 3H2O
7.DD.85MontetrisaiteCu6(SO4)(OH)10 · 2H2O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
25.2.1ChalcocyaniteCuSO4
25.2.2BonattiteCuSO4 · 3H2O
25.2.3ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
25.2.4BoothiteCuSO4 · 7H2O
25.2.5DolerophaniteCu2OSO4
25.2.6AntleriteCu32+SO4(OH)4
25.2.7BrochantiteCu4SO4(OH)6
25.2.9LangiteCu4SO4(OH)6 · 2H2O
25.2.10WroewolfeiteCu4SO4(OH)6 · 2H2O
25.2.11KröhnkiteNa2Cu(SO4)2 · 2H2O
25.2.12NatrochalciteNaCu2(SO4)2(OH) · H2O
25.2.13PiypiteK4Cu4O2(SO4)4 · (Na,Cu)Cl
25.2.14FedotoviteK2Cu3O(SO4)3
25.2.15CyanochroiteK2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O
25.2.16EuchlorineKNaCu3O(SO4)3
25.2.17DevillineCaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O
25.2.18LeightoniteK2Ca2Cu(SO4)4 · 2H2O
25.2.19ChalcoalumiteCuAl4SO4(OH)12 · 3H2O
25.2.20CyanotrichiteCu4Al2SO4(OH)12 · 2H2O
25.2.21Woodwardite(Cu,Al)9(SO4)2(OH)18 · nH2O
25.2.22CampigliaiteCu4Mn2+(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O
25.2.23GuilditeCuFe3+(SO4)2(OH) · 4H2O
25.2.24RansomiteCuFe23+(SO4)4 · 6H2O
25.2.26KlyuchevskiteK3Cu3Fe3+O2(SO4)4
25.2.27PoiteviniteCuSO4 · H2O
25.2.28ArgentojarositeAgFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6

Other Names for Posnjakite

Synonyms:

IMA1967-001

Name in Other Languages:
German:Posnjakit
Spanish:Posnjakita
Traditional Chinese:一水藍銅礬
一水蘭銅礬

Other Information

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Posnjakite

Reference List:
Komkov, A.I., Nefedov, E.I. (1967) Posnjakite, a new mineral. Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 96: 1: 58-62.

Fleischer, M. (1967) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 52: 1579-1589.

Mellini, M., Merlino, S. (1979) Posnjakite: 2∞[Cu4(OH)6(H2O)O] octahedral sheets in its structure. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 149: 249-257.

Iakhontova, L.K. (1981) New data on posnjakite, serpierite and woodwardite. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR: 256: 1221-1225.

Ridkosil, T., Povondra, P. (1982) The relation between posnjakite and langite. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie Monatshefte: 16-28.

Dunn, P.J., Fleischer, M. Chao, G.Y., Cabri, L.J., and Mandarino, J.A. (1983) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 68: 1248-1252.

Yoder, C.H., Agee, T.M., Ginion, K.E., Hofmann, A.E., Ewanichak, J.E., Schaeffer, C.D., Jr., Carroll, M.J., Schaeffer, R.W., McCaffrey, P.F. (2007) The relative stabilities of the copper hydroxyl sulphates. Mineralogical Magazine: 71: 571-577.

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