Samarskite-(Y)
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Formula:
(Y,Fe3+,Fe2+,U,Th,Ca)2(Nb,Ta)2O8
Colour:
Black internally, pale to yellow-brown surface
Lustre:
Vitreous, Resinous, Sub-Metallic
Hardness:
5 - 6
Specific Gravity:
5 - 5.69
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
Named in honor of Colonel Vasilii Yevgrafovich Samarskii-Bykhovets (Васи́лий Евгра́фович Сама́рский-Быховец) (7 November 1803 – 31 May 1870), Russian mining engineer and Chief of Staff of the Russian Corps of Mining Engineers, for granting access to some mineral samples for study. The element samarium, isolated from the mineral, is thus also named after him.
Classification of Samarskite-(Y)
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Approval Year:
1980
4/D.19-60
4.DB.25
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
B : With medium-sized cations; chains of edge-sharing octahedra
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
B : With medium-sized cations; chains of edge-sharing octahedra
8.1.11.1
8 : MULTIPLE OXIDES CONTAINING NIOBIUM,TANTALUM OR TITANIUM
1 : ABO4
8 : MULTIPLE OXIDES CONTAINING NIOBIUM,TANTALUM OR TITANIUM
1 : ABO4
18.4.12
18 : Niobates and Tantalates
4 : Niobates and tantalates containing both U and rare earths
18 : Niobates and Tantalates
4 : Niobates and tantalates containing both U and rare earths
Physical Properties of Samarskite-(Y)
Vitreous, Resinous, Sub-Metallic
Colour:
Black internally, pale to yellow-brown surface
Comment:
Brown in transmitted light.
Streak:
Dark reddish brown to black
Hardness:
5 - 6 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=736 - 897 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Poor/Indistinct
On {010} (?)
On {010} (?)
Fracture:
Conchoidal, Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
5 - 5.69 g/cm3 (Measured) 6.28 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Samarskite-(Y)
Type:
Isotropic
RI values:
n = 2.1 - 2.2
Birefringence:
Isotropic minerals have no birefringence
Surface Relief:
Very High
Type:
Isotropic
Chemical Properties of Samarskite-(Y)
Formula:
(Y,Fe3+,Fe2+,U,Th,Ca)2(Nb,Ta)2O8
IMA Formula:
(Y,Ce,U,Fe,Nb)(Nb,Ta,Ti)O4
Crystallography of Samarskite-(Y)
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pbcn
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.687 Å, b = 4.925 Å, c = 5.21 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.155 : 1 : 1.058
Unit Cell V:
145.92 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Prismatic [001] (with rectangular cross-section); tabular {100} or {010} less common; elongated [010] with prominent {101} at times. Crystals rough. Massive.
Crystallographic forms of Samarskite-(Y)
Crystal Atlas:
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X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.030 | (1000 |
3.728 | (15) |
2.843 | (15) |
2.603 | (15) |
2.495 | (10) |
1.920 | (10) |
1.863 | (10) |
Comments:
(XRD data obtained by heating metamict mineral until crystallinity is restored, with no guarantee that the structure is identical to the original pre-metamict structure.)
Type Occurrence of Samarskite-(Y)
Synonyms of Samarskite-(Y)
Other Language Names for Samarskite-(Y)
Varieties of Samarskite-(Y)
Titanian Samarskite-(Y) | A variety of Samarskite-(Y) containing up to 10 mas. % of TiO2 |
Vietinghofite | A supposed ferroan samarksite of uncertain composition. Of doubtful validity. |
Relationship of Samarskite-(Y) to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Calciosamarskite | (Ca,Fe3+,Y)2(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O8 | Mon. |
Ishikawaite | U4+Fe2+Nb2O8 | Mon. |
Samarskite-(Yb) | (Yb,Y,Fe3+,Fe2+,U,Th,Ca)2(Nb,Ta)2O8 | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
Srilankite | ZrTi2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Columbite-(Fe) | 25 photos of Samarskite-(Y) associated with Columbite-(Fe) on mindat.org. |
Albite | 6 photos of Samarskite-(Y) associated with Albite on mindat.org. |
Columbite | 4 photos of Samarskite-(Y) associated with Columbite on mindat.org. |
Beryl | 4 photos of Samarskite-(Y) associated with Beryl on mindat.org. |
Monazite-(Ce) | 3 photos of Samarskite-(Y) associated with Monazite-(Ce) on mindat.org. |
Microcline | 3 photos of Samarskite-(Y) associated with Microcline on mindat.org. |
Columbite-Tantalite | 2 photos of Samarskite-(Y) associated with Columbite-Tantalite on mindat.org. |
Magnetite | 1 photo of Samarskite-(Y) associated with Magnetite on mindat.org. |
Calciosamarskite | 1 photo of Samarskite-(Y) associated with Calciosamarskite on mindat.org. |
Corundum | 1 photo of Samarskite-(Y) associated with Corundum on mindat.org. |
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping
4.DB.05 | Argutite | GeO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
4.DB.05 | Cassiterite | SnO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
4.DB.05 | Plattnerite | PbO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) |
4.DB.05 | Pyrolusite | Mn4+O2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
4.DB.05 | Rutile | TiO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
4.DB.05 | Tripuhyite | Fe3+Sb5+O4 | Tet. |
4.DB.05 | Tugarinovite | MoO2 | Mon. |
4.DB.05 | Varlamoffite | (Sn,Fe)(O,OH)2 | |
4.DB.10 | Byströmite | MgSb2O6 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nmm |
4.DB.10 | Tapiolite-(Fe) | (Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
4.DB.10 | Tapiolite-(Mn) | (Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
4.DB.10 | Ordoñezite | ZnSb2O6 | Tet. |
4.DB.15b | Akhtenskite | ε-Mn4+O2 | Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P63/mmc |
4.DB.15c | Nsutite | (Mn4+,Mn2+)(O,OH)2 | Hex. |
4.DB.15a | Paramontroseite | V4+O2 | Orth. |
4.DB.15a | Ramsdellite | Mn4+O2 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
4.DB.20 | Scrutinyite | α-PbO2 | Orth. |
4.DB.25 | Ishikawaite | U4+Fe2+Nb2O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.25 | Ixiolite | (Ta,Nb,Sn,Fe,Mn)4O8 | Orth. |
4.DB.25 | Srilankite | ZrTi2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
4.DB.25 | Yttrocolumbite-(Y) | Y(U4+,Fe2+)Nb2O8 | |
4.DB.25 | Calciosamarskite | (Ca,Fe3+,Y)2(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.25 | Samarskite-(Yb) | (Yb,Y,Fe3+,Fe2+,U,Th,Ca)2(Nb,Ta)2O8 | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
4.DB.30 | Ferberite | FeWO4 | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
4.DB.30 | Hübnerite | MnWO4 | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
4.DB.30 | Sanmartinite | (Zn,Fe)WO4 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
4.DB.30 | Krasnoselskite | CoWO4 | Mon. |
4.DB.30 | Heftetjernite | ScTaO4 | Mon. 2/m |
4.DB.30 | Huanzalaite | MgWO4 | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
4.DB.35 | Columbite-(Fe) | FeNb2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
4.DB.35 | Tantalite-(Fe) | FeTa2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
4.DB.35 | Columbite-(Mn) | (Mn,Fe)(Nb,Ta)2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
4.DB.35 | Tantalite-(Mn) | MnTa2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
4.DB.35 | Columbite-(Mg) | (Mg,Fe,Mn)(Nb,Ta)2O6 | Orth. |
4.DB.35 | Qitianlingite | (Fe,Mn)2(Nb,Ta)2WO10 | Orth. |
4.DB.35 | Magnocolumbite | (Mg,Fe,Mn)(Nb,Ta)2O6 | |
4.DB.35 | Tantalite-(Mg) | (Mg,Fe2+)(Ta,Nb)2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
4.DB.40 | Ferrowodginite | Fe2+Sn4+Ta2O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.40 | Lithiotantite | LiTa3O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.40 | Lithiowodginite | LiTa3O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.40 | Titanowodginite | Mn2+TiTa2O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.40 | Wodginite | Mn2+Sn4+Ta2O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.40 | Ferrotitanowodginite | Fe2+TiTa2O8 | Mon. |
4.DB.40 | Wolframowodginite | Mn(Mn,Sn,Fe,Ta)(W,Ta,Nb)2O8 | |
4.DB.45 | Tivanite | V3+TiO3(OH) | Mon. |
4.DB.50 | Carmichaelite | (Ti,Cr,Fe)[O2-x(OH)x] | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
4.DB.55 | Alumotantite | AlTaO4 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
4.DB.60 | Biehlite | ((Sb,As)O)2[MoO4] | Mon. |
Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals Grouping
18.4.1 | Uranpyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977) | (Ca,U,Ce)2(Nb,Ti,Ta)2O6(OH,F) | Iso. |
18.4.2 | Yttrocolumbite-(Y) | Y(U4+,Fe2+)Nb2O8 | |
18.4.3 | Yttrotantalite-(Y) | (Y,U4+,Fe2+)(Ta,Nb)(O,OH)4 | Orth. |
18.4.4 | Ishikawaite | U4+Fe2+Nb2O8 | Mon. |
18.4.5 | Euxenite-(Y) | (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
18.4.6 | Tanteuxenite-(Y) | Y(Ta,Nb,Ti)2(O,OH)6 | |
18.4.7 | Kobeite-(Y) | (REE,Fe,U)3 Zr(Ti,Nb)3 O12 | |
18.4.8 | Polycrase-(Y) | Y(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
18.4.9 | Yttropyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977) | A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z | |
18.4.10 | Calciobetafite (of Mazzi & Munno) | (Ca,Na)2(Nb,Ti)2(O,OH)7 | |
18.4.11 | Yttrobetafite (of Hogarth 1977) | A2-mB2X6-wY1-n |
Other Information
Health Risks:
Mineral is radioactive, some specimens may be strong radioactive.
References for Samarskite-(Y)
Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Rose (1839) Ann. Phys.: 48: 555 (as uranotantal).
Rose, H. (1847) Ueber die Zusammensetzung des Uranotantals und des Columbits vom Ilmengebirge in Sibirien. Annalen der Physik und Chemie: 71: 157-169. (as samarskit [Uranniobit])
Hermann (1847) J. pr. Chem.: 42: 129 (as Yttroilmenite).
Hermann (1848) J. pr. Chem.: 44: 216.
Dana, Edward Salisbury (1876) On the samarskite, Mitchell County, North Carolina. American Journal of Science: 11: 201-204.
Brögger (1881) Geol. För. Förh.: 5: 354 (as Ånnerödite).
Brøgger, W.C. (1906) Die mineralien der Südnorwegischen granitpegmatitgänge: Blomstrandin (und priorit). Skrifter udgivne af Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiania: 1906(6): 1-162.
Ellsworth, H.V. (1928) A mineral related to samarskite from the Woodcox mine, Hybla, Ontario. American Mineralogist: 13: 63-65.
Ellsworth, H.V. (1928) A mineral related to samarskite from Parry Sound, Ontario. American Mineralogist: 13: 66-68.
Fenner, C.N. (1928) Radioactive minerals from Divino de Uba, Brazil. American Journal of Science: 16: 382-391.
Hess, Frank L., Wells, Roger Clark (1930) Samarskite from Petaca, New Mexico. American Journal of Science: 19: 17-26.
Machatschki (1932) Chem. Erde: 7: 72.
Palache, Charles, Harry Berman, Clifford Frondel (1944) The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 797-800.
Murdoch, Joseph (1946) Nuevite, a new rare-earth mineral from California (abstract): Geological Society of America Bulletin: 57: 1219.
Murdoch, Joseph (1951) Notes on California minerals: nuevite = samarskite; trona, and hanksite; Gaylussite. American Mineralogist: 36: 358-361.
Lima de Faria, J. (1958) Heat treatment of metamict euxenites, polymignites, yttrotantalites, samarskites, pyrochlores, and allanites. Mineralogical Museum, section of the Junta de Investigações do Ultramar: 3R: 937-942.
van Wambeke, L. (1960) Etude comparative de l'ampangabeite et de la samarskite. Bulletin de la Société Française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie: 83: 295-309. (amphangabeite identical with samarskite)
Kuz'menko, M.V., Akelin, N.A., Sokolova, R.I. (1969) Regularities of the distribution of tantalum and niobium in endocontact pegmatite and the parent granites. In Features of the Distribution of Rare Elements in Pegmatites. Izdat. Nauka, Moscow, 44-78. (in Russian, khlopinite identical with samarskite)
Mineralogical Magazine (1980): 43: 1054.
Sugitani, Y., Suzuki, Y., Nagashima, K. (1984) Recovery of the original samarskite structure by heating in a reducing atmosphere. American Mineralogist: 69: 377-379.
Sugitani, Y., Suzuki, Y., Nagashima, K. (1985) Polymorphism of samarskite and its relationship to other structurally related Nb Ta oxides with the alpha-PbO2 structure. American Minealogist: 70: 856-866.
Lumpkin, G.R., Ewing, R.C., Eyal, Y. (1988) Preferential leaching and natural annealing of alpha-recoil track in metamict betafite and samarskite. Journal of Mater. Res.: 3: 357-368.
Warner, Julie K., Ewing, Rodney C. (1993) Crystal chemistry of samarskite. American Mineralogist (1983): 78: 419-424.
Pinckston, R.D., Smith, D.G.W. (1994) Mineralogy of the Lake zone, Thor Lake rare-metals deposit, N.W.T., Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences: 32: 516-532.
Hanson, S.L., Simmons, W.B., Falster, A.U., Foord, E.E., Lichte, F.E. (1999) Proposed nomenclature for samarskite-group minerals: new data on ishikawaite and calciosamarskite. Mineralogical Magazine: 63: 27-36.
Tomašić, N., Gajović, A., Bermanec, V., Linarić, M. R., Su, D., Škoda, R. (2010) Preservation of the samarskite structure in a metamict ABO4 mineral: a key to crystal structure identification. European Journal of Mineralogy: 22: 435-444.
Capitani, G.C., Mugnaioli, E., Guastoni, A. (2016) What is the actual structure of samarskite-(Y)? A TEM investigation of metamict samarskite from the Garnet Codera dike pegmatite (Central Italian Alps). American Mineralogist: 101: 1679-1690.
Internet Links for Samarskite-(Y)
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3512.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
Localities for Samarskite-(Y)
Locality List




All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Museum Victoria Mineralogy Collection |
| Placer Prospecting (Aust.) Pty Ltd (1971) Final Report on Prospecting Authority No. 2277 Mt. Eaglebeak, Harts Range, Northern Territory. Shaw, R.D. & Freeman, M.J. (1985) Illogwa Creek, Northern Territory (Second Edition) 1:250 000 geological series, explanatory notes, SF/53-15. Department of Resources & Energy, Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics. |
| Thompson, D. (ed.) (1986), A Guide to Fossicking in the Northern Territory, Northern Territory Geological Survey. Northern Territory Department of Mines and Energy, 2nd ed. , 1986 |
Thompson, D. (ed) (1986) A Guide to Fossicking in the Northern Territory. Northern Territory Geological Survey, Northern Territory Department of Mines and Energy, 2nd ed., 73p. | |
| 2003, Brugger, J., Ansermet, S. & Pring, A. ' Uranium minerals from Mt Painter, Northern Flinders ranges, South Australia' Australian Journal of Mineralogy, vol. 9, n°1, pp 15-31; Brugger, J., Meisser, N., Etschmann, B., Ansermet, S., & Pring, A. (2011). Paulscherrerite from the Number 2 Workings, Mount Painter Inlier, Northern Flinders Ranges, South Australia:“Dehydrated schoepite” is a mineral after all. American Mineralogist, 96(2-3), 229-240. |
| Lottermoser, B.G., and Lu, J. (1997): Mineralogy and Petrology 59, 1-19. |
Lottermoser, B.G., and Lu, J. (1997): Mineralogy and Petrology 59, 1-19. | |
| Lottermoser, B.G., and Lu, J. (1997): Mineralogy and Petrology 59, 1-19. |
| Lottermoser, B.G., and Lu, J. (1997): Mineralogy and Petrology 59, 1-19. |
| Pegmatites of Western Australia; M.I. Jacobson, M.A. Calderwood, B.A. Grguric; Hesperian Press, Perth, 2007 |
Austria | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| Arthofer, P. (2005): Zinnsteinführende Pegmatite aus Meitschenhof bei Pregarten, Bezirk Freistadt, Oberösterreich. OÖ. Geonachrichten 20, 10-22.; |
| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993) |
| - Fritz Pfaffl, in: Der Karinthin, Beiblatt zur Carinthia II, Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein für Kärnten, Klagenfurt, Fachgruppe Mineralogie und Geologie Folge 74, Klagenfurt 1976, Seite 224 - 225 |
| - H.Haider, Gesteine und Minerale des Mühlviertels. In: Heimatbuch Luftenberg an der Donau. Herausgeber Heimatverein und Gemeinde Luftenberg an der Donau, Luftenberg 1997, 4 Abbildungen, Seite 20 - 23 (453 Seiten). |
Brazil | |
| Guimar˜aes, C.P. (1941) Djalmaite, a new radio-active mineral. American Mineralogist: 26: 343–346. |
Butler, J.R. (1958): Rare earths in some niobate-tantalates. Mineralogical Magazine. 31, 763-780 [ p.766] | |
Polycrase specimen in the British Museum of Natura History #1927,177 [Rock Currier 2010] | |
Canada | |
| MÖLLER, V. (2016) The Nature and origin of the Nechalacho Rare Metal Deposit (REE, Nb, Zr), Northwest Territories, Canada. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, McGill University, Montreal. 409 p. |
| PAPOUTSA, A.D. & PE-PIPER, G. (2013) The relationship between REE-Y-Nb-Th minerals and the evolution of an A-type granite, Wentworth Pluton, Nova Scotia. American Mineralogist 98, 444-462. |
| T. S. Ercit (1994) The geochemistry and crystal chemistry of columbite-group minerals from granitic pegmatites, southwestern Grenville Province, Canadian Shield. The Canadian Mineralogist 32:421-438 |
| MDI Number: MDI31E11NE00070 |
Ann P.Sabina (2007), Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Ottawa to North Bay and Huntsville, Ontario; Gatineau (Hull) to Waltham and Temiscaming, Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 48, p.132 | |
| T. S. Ercit (1994) The geochemistry and crystal chemistry of columbite-group minerals from granitic pegmatites, southwestern Grenville Province, Canadian Shield. The Canadian Mineralogist 32:421-438 |
| Ann P.Sabina (2007), Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Ottawa to North Bay and Huntsville, Ontario; Gatineau (Hull) to Waltham and Temiscaming, Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 48 |
| T. S. Ercit (1994) The geochemistry and crystal chemistry of columbite-group minerals from granitic pegmatites, southwestern Grenville Province, Canadian Shield. The Canadian Mineralogist 32:421-438 |
Seaman, 1976. Pegmatite Minerals of the World | |
T. S. Ercit (1994) The geochemistry and crystal chemistry of columbite-group minerals from granitic pegmatites, southwestern Grenville Province, Canadian Shield. The Canadian Mineralogist 32:421-438 | |
| Sabina, A. P. (2007) Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Ottawa to North Bay and Huntsville, Ontario; Gatineau (Hull) to Waltham and Témiscaming, Quebec. Geological Survey of Canada, Miscellaneous Report 48, 249p, p.83. |
| ontariominerals.com |
Pit owers (pers. comm.) | |
| Palache, C., Berman, H. & Frondel, C. (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, 7th. edition, Volume I: 799; Sabina, A.P. (1983) Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Kingston, Ontario to Lac St-Jean, Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 32, 65-66 p. |
| Mitchell, R.H. & Smith, D.L. (2017) Geology and mineralogy of the Ashram zone carbonatite, Eldor complex, Quebec. Ore Geology Reviews 86, 784-806. |
| Hilderley, M., Ercit, T.S., Rowe, R.A. (2006) 33rd Rochester Mineralogical Symposium, abstracts, 13-14. |
China | |
| Smith, B., Smith, C., Liu, G., and Ottens, B. (2005): Mineralogical Record 36(1), 87-101. |
| Zhang Peishan, Yang Zhuming, Tao Kejie, and Yang Xueming (1996): "Mineralogy and Geology of Rare Earths in China", Science Press (Beijing), 226 pp. |
| Xudong Wang, Pei Ni, Shunda Yuan, and Shenghua Wu (2013): Mineral Deposits 32(2), 308-322 |
| Pavel M. Kartashov data |
| Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189 |
| Zhang Peishan, Yang Zhuming, Tao Kejie, and Yang Xueming (1996): "Mineralogy and Geology of Rare Earths in China", Science Press (Beijing), 226 pp. |
| http://www.smartminerals.com/cina2004/art_China_localities.htm |
| Ganfu Shen (2002): Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry 21(3), 182-184 |
Czech Republic | |
| Škoda R., Novák M., Cícha J., Uranium-niobium-rich alteration products after “písekite”, an intimate mixture of Y,REE,Nb,Ta,Ti-oxide minerals from the Obrázek I pegmatite, Písek, Czech Republic Journal of Geosciences, 56 (2011), 3, 317 - 325 |
| Škoda, R., Novák, M.: Akcesorické Nb-Ta-Ti minerály z pegmatitu v uranovém dole Drahonín, strážecké moldanubikum. Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae geologicae, 2004, roč. 89, s. 55 - 66. |
| Škoda, R., Novák, M., Houzar, S.: Granitické NYF pegmatity třebíčského plutonu. Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae geologicae, 2006, roč. 91, s. 129 - 176. |
Finland | |
| Nordenskiöld, A. E. (1863): Om tantalitartade mineralier från nejden af Torro, Öfversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, 20, 443-453 |
Wilke, H.-J. (1976): Mineral-Fundstellen Band 4: Skandinavien. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, 370 pp (p.296). | |
| Nordenskiöld, A. E. (1863): Om tantalitartade mineralier från nejden af Torro, Öfversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, 20, 443-453 |
| Wilke, H.-J. (1976): Mineral-Fundstellen Band 4: Skandinavien. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, 370 pp |
France | |
| MONCHOUX P., FONTAN F., DE PARSEVAL P., MARTIN R. F., WANG R. C. (2006) - Igneous albitite dikes in orogenic lherzolithes, Western Pyrénées, France: A possible source for corundum and alkali feldspar xenocrysts in basaltic terranes. I. Mineralogical Asssociations. The Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 44, pp. 817-842. |
MONCHOUX P., FONTAN F., DE PARSEVAL P., MARTIN R. F., WANG R. C. (2006) - Igneous albitite dikes in orogenic lherzolithes, Western Pyrénées, France: A possible source for corundum and alkali feldspar xenocrysts in basaltic terranes. I. Mineralogical Asssociations. The Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 44, pp. 817-842. | |
Germany | |
| Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990 |
| |
| http://www.berthold-weber.de/h_miner.htm |
| Blass, G.; Graf, H.W., Neue Mineralienfunde aus der Vulkaneifel , Mineralien-Welt 12/1, 17-25, 2001 |
| Blass, G.; Graf, H.W., Neue Mineralienfunde aus der Vulkaneifel, Mineralien-Welt 12/1, 17-25, 2001 |
Blass, G.; Graf, H.W., Neue Mineralienfunde aus der Vulkaneifel, Mineralien-Welt 12/1, 17-25, 2001 | |
| Blass, G.; Graf, H.W., Neue Mineralienfunde aus der Vulkaneifel , Mineralien-Welt 12/1, 17-25, 2001 |
Guyana | |
| USGS Bulletin 2062 |
India | |
| C. Karunakaran and K. Neelakantam: Samarskite from Nellore district. Part I. Uranium and earth acid contents — Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences, Section A, 25, 404-407. |
| Butler, J.R. (1958): Rare earths in some niobate-tantalates. Mineralogical Magazine. 31, 763-780 [p.766] |
| URAM 2014 IAEA p52 |
| Baidya, T.K.: :A note on some-uranium-thorium bearing pegmatoids of Nawahatu area, Purulia district, West Bengal:, Indian Minerals 46(2), 175-176 (1992) |
Italy | |
| Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 23 (1), 42-49. |
| Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007): MInerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp. |
| Daniele Ravagnani - Giacimenti uraniferi italiani - Gruppo Min. Lombardo - Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano - 1974 |
Japan | |
| |
John Rakovan (2015) Mineralogy and Cultural History of the Naegi Pegmatite District, Nakatsugawa, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. 36th Annual New Mexico Mineral Symposium p32 | |
Ryoichi SADANAGA and Michiaki BUNNO (1974) THE WAKABAYASHI MINERAL COLLECTION Bulletin No. 7 The University Museum, The University of Tokyo | |
| Harada, Zyunpéi (1954) Chemical Analyses of Japanese Minerals (III) Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University. Series 4, Geology and mineralogy = 北海道大學理學部紀要, 8(4):289-348 |
| Nakatsugawa Mineral Museum (Gifu Prefecture, Japan) |
| Introduction to Japanese Minerals (Geological Survey of Japan, 1970) |
Alfredo Petrov collection | |
| Dr Yohachiro Okamoto (1876-1960) collection (curated by the Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Kazuo Nakashima and Teruyoshi Imaoka (1998) Mineralogy and Petrology, 63, #1-2, 1-17. |
Madagascar | |
| Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive, p 14 |
| Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive , p 14 |
Pezzotta, F.(1999): Madagaskar. Das Paradies der Mineralien und Edelsteine. ExtraLapis nr 17, p.44 (in german) | |
| Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive, p 14 |
| Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive, p 14 |
| Behier, J. (1963): Carte mineralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Geologique A. 1871 |
| Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive, p 14 |
Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive, p 14 | |
Lacroix, A. (1922): Mineralogie de Madagascar, Tome I. Géologie-Minéralogie descriptive. A.Challamel (Éditeur), Paris. p 377 | |
Behier, J. (1963): Carte mineralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique Madagascar. A 1871 | |
| Rocks & Minerals nr 2 , 2003/ Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive |
| Collection of the British Museum of Natural History #1915-36 (1975) |
| Knut Edvard Larsen collection # MM-2248 (visually identification) |
| Lacroix, A. (1922): Minéralogie de Madagascar. Tome I. Paris., p. 376 /J. Behier (1960): Contribution à la Mineralogie de Madagascar. Ann.Geol.Mad. XXIX |
Lacroix, A. (1922): Mineralogie de Madagascar, Tome I. Géologie-Minéralogie descriptive. A.Challamel (Éditeur), Paris. p. 374 | |
| Ganzeev, A.A. and Grechishchev, O.K. (2003): A new genetic type of rare-metal alkali granites of Madagascar. Russian Geology and Geophysics Vol. 44, No. 6, pp. 539-553 |
| Behier, J. (1963): Carte mineralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique Madagascar. A 1871 |
| Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive, p 14 |
| Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive. p 37 |
Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive, p 14 | |
Besaire, H. (1966): Gites mineraux de Madagascar. Annales Geologique de Madagascar, Tananarive, Fascicule XXXIV, 135 | |
Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive, p 14 | |
Besaire, H. (1966): Gites mineraux de Madagascar. Annales Geologique de Madagascar, Tananarive, Fascicule XXXIV, p 59 | |
| Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive, p 14 |
| Behier, J. (1963): Carte mineralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique Madagascar. A 1871 |
| Behier, J. (1963): Carte mineralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Geologique A. 1871 |
| Giraud, P. (1956): La pegmatite à columbite et samarskite de Mboro. in Rapport Annuel du Service geologique, Tananarive 1956, 107-108 |
Mozambique | |
| Dias, M. Bettencourt and Wilson, W. E., 2000, Mineralogical Record, 31:459-497. |
Dias, M. Bettencourt and Wilson, W. E., 2000, Mineralogical Record, 31:459-497. | |
Dias, M. Bettencourt and Wilson, W. E., 2000, Mineralogical Record, 31:459-497. | |
Dias, M. Bettencourt and Wilson, W. E., 2000, Mineralogical Record, 31:459-497. | |
Dias, M. Bettencourt and Wilson, W. E., 2000, Mineralogical Record, 31:459-497. | |
Dias, M. Bettencourt and Wilson, W. E., 2000, Mineralogical Record, 31:459-497. | |
Dias, M. Bettencourt and Wilson, W. E., 2000, Mineralogical Record, 31:459-497. | |
Dias, M. Bettencourt and Wilson, W. E., 2000, Mineralogical Record, 31:459-497. | |
Dias, M. Bettencourt and Wilson, W. E., 2000, Mineralogical Record, 31:459-497. | |
Dias, M. Bettencourt and Wilson, W. E., 2000, Mineralogical Record, 31:459-497. | |
Dias, M. Bettencourt and Wilson, W. E., 2000, Mineralogical Record, 31:459-497. | |
Dias, M. Bettencourt and Wilson, W. E., 2000, Mineralogical Record, 31:459-497. | |
Dias, M. Bettencourt and Wilson, W. E., 2000, Mineralogical Record, 31:459-497. | |
Norway | |
| Raade,G. (1965): The minerals of the granite pegmatite at Spro, Nesodden, near Oslo. Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse 234 [Årbok 1964], 160-166 + Neumann (1985, p. 80). |
| Brøgger, W.C. (1906): Die Mineralien der Südnorwegischen Granitpegmatitgänge, I. Niobate, tantalate, titanate und titanoniobate. Videnskapsselskapets Skrifter. I.Mat-Naturv. Klasse 1906, 6. 1-162 [p.140] |
| Frigstad, O.F. (1968) En undersøkelse av cleavelandittsonerte pegmatittganger i Iveland-Evje, Nedre Setesdal. Hovedfagsoppgave (Thesis), University of Oslo. |
| Frigstad, O. F. (1968): En undersøkelse av cleavelandittsonerte pegmatittganger i Iveland-Evje, Nedre Setesdal. Hovedfagsoppgave (Thesis), University of Oslo. |
| Frigstad, O.F. (1968): En undersøkelse av cleavelandittsonerte pegmatittganger i Iveland-Evje, Nedre Setesdal. Hovedfagsoppgave (Thesis), University of Oslo. |
Frigstad, O.F. (1968): En undersøkelse av cleavelandittsonerte pegmatittganger i Iveland-Evje, Nedre Setesdal. Hovedfagsoppgave (Thesis), University of Oslo. | |
| Nilssen, B. (1970): Samarskites. Chemical composition, formula and crystalline phases produced by heating. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 50, 357-373 + Neumann (1985, p. 80). |
Nijland, T.G., Zwaan, J.C & Touret, L. (1998): Topographical mineralogy of the Bamble sector, south Norway. Scripta Geologica 118, 46 pp | |
| Rosenqvist, I.Th. (1949): Samarskit-yttrotantalit ved Bjortjenn i Mykland herred. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift. 28, 40-43 |
| Bjørlykke, H. (1934): The Mineral Paragenesis and Classification of the Granite Pegmatites of Iveland, Setesdal, Southern Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 14, 211-311 |
| Bjørlykke, H.(1934): The Mineral Paragenesis and Classification of the Granite Pegmatites of Iveland, Setesdal, Southern Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 14, 211-311 |
Bjørlykke, H.(1934): The Mineral Paragenesis and Classification of the Granite Pegmatites of Iveland, Setesdal, Southern Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 14, 211-311 | |
Bjørlykke, H.(1934): The Mineral Paragenesis and Classification of the Granite Pegmatites of Iveland, Setesdal, Southern Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 14, 211-311 | |
| Bjørlykke, H. (1934): The Mineral Paragenesis and Classification of the Granite Pegmatites of Iveland, Setesdal, Southern Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 14, 211-311 |
| Bjørlykke, H. (1934): The Mineral Paragenesis and Classification of the Granite Pegmatites of Iveland, Setesdal, Southern Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 14, 211-311 |
Nilssen, B. (1970): Samarskites. Chemical composition, formula and crystalline phases produced by heating. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 50, 357-373 | |
| Bjørlykke, H.(1934): The Mineral Paragenesis and Classification of the Granite Pegmatites of Iveland, Setesdal, Southern Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 14, 211-311 |
| Neumann (1985) : Norges mineraler. Norges geologiske undersøkelse Skrifter 68, p. 81). Frigstad, O. F. (1999): Amazonittpegmatitter i Iveland-Evje. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 15: 60-73 |
Frigstad, O.F. (1968): En undersøkelse av cleavelandittsonerte pegmatittganger i Iveland-Evje, Nedre Setesdal. Hovedfagsoppgave (Thesis), University of Oslo. | |
Müller, A., Kearsley, A., Spratt, J. and Seltmann, R. (2012): Petrogenetic implications of magmatic garnet in granitic pegmatites from Southern Norway. Canadian Mineralogist. 50,1095-1115 | |
| Bjørlykke, H.( 1934): The Mineral Paragenesis and Classification of the Granite Pegmatites of Iveland, Setesdal, Southern Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 14, 211-311 |
Bjørlykke, H. (1934): The Mineral Paragenesis and Classification of the Granite Pegmatites of Iveland, Setesdal, Southern Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 14, 211-311 | |
| Brøgger, W.C. (1906): Die Mineralien der südnorwegischen granitpegmatitgänge. I. Niobate, tantalate, titantate und titanoniobate. Videnskabs-Selskabets Skrifter. Math.-Naturv. Klasse 1906. No. 6, p. 16 |
Rob Lavinsky (Ex. Al Ordway specimen) | |
| Nijland, T.G., Zwaan, J.C & Touret, L. (1998): Topographical mineralogy of the Bamble sector, south Norway. Scripta Geologica 118, 46 pp |
| Husdal, T. (2008): The minerals of the pegmatites within the Tysfjord granite, northern Norway. Norsk Bergverksmuseum, skrift 38, 5-28. |
| Lindahl. I. (1990): Berylliumsundersøkelse på Tjeldøya, Nordland. Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse, Rapport 90.006. 79p. |
| Dittrich, H. (1980): Die pegmatite von Drag an Tysfjord-Norwegen. Aufschluss 31: 103-111 |
| Wilke, H.-J. (1976): Mineral-Fundstellen Band 4: Skandinavien. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, 370 pp. (p.125) |
| Nilssen, B. (1970): Samarskites. Chemical composition, formula and crystalline phases produced by heating. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 50, 357-373 + Neumann (1985, p. 80). |
Brøgger, W.C. (1906): Die Mineralien der Südnorwegischen Granitpegmatitgänge, I. Niobate, tantalate, titanate und titanoniobate. Videnskapsselskapets Skrifter. I.Mat-Naturv. Klasse 1906, 6. 1-162 [p.140]; Kristiansen, R. (2006): Klassiske pegmatittforekomster i Hvaler og Kråkerøy, Østfold. Norsk Bergverksmuseum, skrift 33, 65-74 | |
| Brøgger, W.C. (1906): Die Mineralien der Südnorwegischen Granitpegmatitgänge, I. Niobate, tantalate, titanate und titanoniobate. Videnskapsselskapets Skrifter. I.Mat-Naturv. Klasse 1906, 6. 1-162 [p.139] |
| Brøgger, W.C. (1906): Die Mineralien der Südnorwegischen Granitpegmatitgänge, I. Niobate, tantalate, titanate und titanoniobate. Videnskapsselskapets Skrifter. I.Mat-Naturv. Klasse 1906, 6. 1-162 [p.138] |
Knut Eldjarn photo & collection | |
| Bjørlykke, H. (1939): Feltspat V. De sjeldne mineraler på de norske granittiske pegmatittganger. Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse. 154. 77p. |
| Harald Bjørlykke (1939): Feltspat V. De sjeldne mineraler på de norske granittiske pegmatittganger. Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse. 154, 1-78 |
Brøgger, W.C. (1906): Die Mineralien der Südnorwegischen Granitpegmatitgänge, I. Niobate, tantalate, titanate und titanoniobate. Videnskapsselskapets Skrifter. I.Mat-Naturv. Klasse 1906, 6. 1-162 [p.139] | |
Harald Bjørlykke (1939): Feltspat V. De sjeldne mineraler på de norske granittiske pegmatittganger. Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse. 154, 1-78 | |
Brøgger, W.C. (1906): Die Mineralien der Südnorwegischen Granitpegmatitgänge, I. Niobate, tantalate, titanate und titanoniobate. Videnskapsselskapets Skrifter. I.Mat-Naturv. Klasse 1906, 6. 1-162 [p.139] | |
| Sverdrup, T.L.,Thorkildsen, C.D. & Bjørlykke, H. (1967): Uran og Thorium i Norge. Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse 250A, 3-31; Neumann, H. (1985): Norges Mineraler. Norges geologiske Undersøkelse Skrifter 68 p. 80 |
| Nilssen, B. (1970): Samarskites. Chemical composition, formula and crystalline phases produced by heating. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 50, 357-373 + Neumann (1985, p. 80). |
Poland | |
| PIECZKA et al. 2010: Nb-Ta minerals in pegmatites in the DSS mine at Piława Górna, Góry Sowie Block, southwestern Poland. Mineralogia - Special Papers, 37. |
Pieczka, A., Hawthorne, F.C., Ma, C., Rossman, G.R., Szełęg, E., Szuszkiewicz, A., Turniak, K., Nejbert, K., Ilnicki, S.S., Buffat, P., Rutkowski, B. (2016): Żabińskiite, ideally Ca(Al0.5Ta0.5)(SiO4)O, a new mineral of the titanite group from the Piława Górna pegmatite, the Góry Sowie Block, southwestern Poland, Mineralogical Magazine: 80: (in press; Szuszkiewicz, A., Szełęg, E., Pieczka, A., Ilnicki, S., Nejbert, K., Turniak, K., ... & Michałowski, P. (2013) The Julianna pegmatite vein system at the Piława Górna Mine, Góry Sowie Block, SW Poland–preliminary data on geology and descriptive mineralogy. Geological Quarterly, 2013, 57 (3): 000–000 | |
Romania | |
| http://minerals-of-the-carpathians.eu |
Russia | |
| Mironov A.G. and Gofman A.F, (1979) Barian betafite in pegmatites of Transbaikalien, - Minerals and Minerals Paragenesisa of Rocks and Ores, Leningrad, Nauka, p.127-132 (in Russian). |
| Iovchev E.S., Kul'tiasov S.V., Pyatnov V.I. Khlopinites in Zaganskii range pegmatites, - Mineral'noe syr'ye, 1937, N9, p.6-15. |
| Victor V. Sharygin analytycal data (2012) |
| no reference |
| |
| Dana 7:I:761.; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; Galina Gubko, Natalia Levtsova (2009) Blyum Pit in the Ilmeny Mountains. Fifth International Symposium Mineral Diversity Research and Preservation pp59-64 |
| Am. Min. 90:1402-1412 (2005); Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow |
Pavel M. Kartashov data | |
Saudi Arabia | |
| Economic Geology (1996) 91:1414-1434 |
| Küster, D. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 68-86. |
Atencio, D., Bastos Neto, A.C., Pereira, V.P., Ferron, J.T.M.M., Hoshino, M., Moriyama, T., Watanabe, Y., Miyawaki, R., Coutinho, J.M.V., Andrade, M.B., Domanik, K., Chukanov, N.V., Momma, K., Hirano, H., Tsunematsu, M. (2015): Waimirite-(Y), orthorhombic YF3, a new mineral from the Pitinga mine, Presidente Figueiredo, Amazonas, Brazil and from Jabal Tawlah, Saudi Arabia: description and crystal structure. Mineralogical Magazine, 79, 767-780. | |
Slovakia | |
| M. Huraiova et al. , Eur. J. Mineral. , 1996, 8, pp. 901-916. |
| Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590k |
South Africa | |
| Minerals of South Africa |
| Minerals of South Africa |
| Minerals of South Africa |
Sweden | |
| |
| No reference listed |
| H-J Wilke (1997) Die Mineralien und Fundstellen von Schweden |
| Dana 7:I:799. |
| Natural History Museum, Stockholm collection, inventory # 1989026, Carl Benedicks mineralsamling |
| |
| Öhman, L. (2003): Kolsva fältspatbrott. Litiofilen. 17 (2): 9-14; Langhof, J. (2015): Kolsva fältspatgruva- En av Skandinaviens största fältspatgruvor och Europas största Be-mineralisering. Litiofilen. 32 (4): 31-39 |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 359. |
Thailand | |
| http://amdis.bgl.esdm.go.id/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=55:classification-of-tin-bearing-pegmatites-in-phuket&catid=2:mineral-article |
Uganda | |
| Gallagher, M.J. (1967): Phosphates and other minerals in pegmatites of Rhodesia and Uganda. Mineralogical Magazine. 36, 50-59 |
Ukraine | |
| Lazarenko E.K. e.a. Mineralogy of Priazovie, - Kiev, "Naukova Dumka", 1981, p. 432. |
USA | |
| U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225. |
U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225. | |
| U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225. |
| Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 20 (Table A-1). |
Galbraith, F.W. & Brennan (1959), Mins. of AZ: 41. | |
Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 21 (Table A-1). | |
| Robert B. Scarborough (1981) Radioactive occurrences and uranium production in Arizona GJBX – 143(81) |
| Galbraith, F.W. & Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 41. |
| MRDS database Dep. ID file #10039667, MRDS ID #M050618. |
| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 360; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 41 |
| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 360; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 41. |
| Keith, Stanton B. (1978) State of Arizona Bureau of Geology and Mineral Technology, Geol. Sur. Br. Bull. 192, Index of Mining Properties in Yuma Co., Arizona: 150 (Table 4). |
Keith, Stanton B. (1978) State of Arizona Bureau of Geology and Mineral Technology, Geol. Sur. Br. Bull. 192, Index of Mining Properties in Yuma Co., Arizona: 150 (Table 4). | |
| Bradley, W.W. (1939), Thirty-fifth report of the State Mineralogist: California Division Mines Report 35: 207; Murdoch, Joseph (1946), Nuevite, a new rare-earth mineral from California (abstract): Geological Society of America Bulletin: 57: 1219; Murdoch, Joseph (1951c), Notes on California minerals: nuevite = samarskite; trona, and hanksite; Gaylussite: American Mineralogist: 36: 358-361; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 180. |
San Diego Natural History Museum | |
| Chris Stefano |
| Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 180, 319. |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckel |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckel |
| "Minerals of Colorado, updated & revised", by Eckel, Edwin B., 1997; Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 24 (Table A-1). |
| "Minerals of Colorado, updated & revised", p. 13, by Eckel, Edwin B., 1997 |
Eckel, Edwin B. (1997), Minerals of Colorado, updated & revised. | |
Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. | |
| MinRec 16:217-230 |
| "Minerals of Colorado, updated & revised", pp. 14-15, by Eckel, Edwin B., 1997; USGS Prof. Paper 227 |
| "Minerals of Colorado, updated & revised", p. 15, by Eckel, Edwin B., 1997 |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckel |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckel |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckel |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckel |
Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckel | |
Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckel | |
Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckel | |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. |
| Rocks & Min.: 24:233-234.; American Mineralogist (1936): 20: 319-333 |
Pearl, 1958. Colorado Gem Trails & Mineral Guide; USGS Proffesional Paper 265 | |
USGS Proffesional Paper 265 | |
| Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 29 (Table A-1). |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. |
Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 28 (Table A-1). | |
Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckel | |
Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 29 (Table A-1). | |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckel |
| Rare-Earth Pegmatites of the South Platte District, Colorado CGS Res Ser 11 |
Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckel | |
Mineralogical Record: 21: 429.; Simmons W B, Hanson S H, Falster A U (2006) Samarskite-(Yb): a new species of the samarskite group from the Little Patsy pegmatite, Jefferson County, Colorado, The Canadian Mineralogist 44, 1119-1125 | |
Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. | |
Rare-Earth Pegmatites of the South Platte District, Colorado CGS Res Ser 11 | |
Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. | |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckel |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckel |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckel |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckel |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckel |
Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. | |
| Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 31 (Table A-1). |
| Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of CT and Southeastern NY State; Januzzi (1994) Mineral Data Book |
| Schooner, Richard. (1958): The Mineralogy of the Portland-East Hampton-Middletown-Haddam Area in Connecticut (With a few notes on Glastonbury and Marlborough). |
| Rocks & Minerals (1995): 70: 398; Betts (1999) |
Harold Moritz collection | |
Harold Moritz collection | |
Betts, John. (1999): The Quarries and Minerals of the Dayton Road District, South Glastonbury, Connecticut. Rocks and Minerals. Volume 74, Number 2. pp. 110-121.; Rocks & Minerals (1995) 70:396-409 | |
Davis, Fred E. and Stefan Nicolescu. (2011): Samarskite Rediscovered at the Spinelli Prospect, Glastonbury, Connecticut. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History: 52(1):135-152; Rocks & Min.: 62:413; Wells, R. C., 1937, Analyses of Rocks and Minerals from the Laboratory of the United States Geological Survey 1914-36, U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin 878; Hanson, S. L., Jarnot, B. M., Falster, A. U., Simmons, W. B., Nizamoff, J. W., 2003, Nb-Ta-Ti oxide minerals from two pegmatites of the Middletown area, Connecticut, Rochester Mineralogical Symposium Abstracts, pp. 11-12; USGS Prof Paper 255; Albini, A.J. and Moritz, H. (2013), Collecting samarskite at the historic Spinelli prospect, Glastonbury, Hartford County, Connecticut. The 40th Rochester Mineralogical Symposium, Contributed Papers in Specimen Mineralogy, 8. | |
| Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of CT and Southeastern NY State, p147. Schooner (1958) |
| Schooner (1958) |
| Albini, Anthony J. (1979), Selected Pegmatite Quarries of the Central Connecticut Region. Masters thesis. |
| Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of Connecticut and Southeastern New York State (Taylor Assoc./Mineralogical Press); Rocks & Minerals (1955) 30:351-358 |
| Schooner, Richard. (1955): 90 Minerals from 1 Connecticut Hill. Rocks & Minerals: 30(7-8): 351-8.; Schooner, Richard. (1958): The Mineralogy of the Portland-East Hampton-Middletown-Haddam Area in Connecticut (With a few notes on Glastonbury and Marlborough). Published by Richard Schooner; Ralph Lieser of Pappy’s Beryl Shop, East Hampton; and Howard Pate of Fluorescent House, Branford, Connecticut. |
Dana 7:I:799. | |
| Minerals of Georgia: Their properties and occurrences. Robert Cook GGWRD Bull 92 |
| Minerals of Georgia: Their properties and occurrences. Robert Cook GGWRD Bull 92 |
| R&M 70:4 pp 242-263 |
Ream, Lanny R. 2004. Idaho Minerals, 2nd edition, Revised and Updated | |
| R&M 70:4 pp 242-263 |
R&M 70:4 pp 242-263 | |
R&M 70:4 pp 242-263 | |
R&M 70:4 pp 242-263 | |
| Ream, Lanny R. 2004. Idaho Minerals, 2nd edition, Revised and Updated |
Ream, Lanny R. 2004. Idaho Minerals, 2nd edition, Revised and Updated | |
| Ream, Lanny R. 2004. Idaho Minerals, 2nd edition, Revised and Updated |
| Ream, Lanny R. 2004. Idaho Minerals, 2nd edition, Revised and Updated; USGS Bull 1042K |
| Actual locality was Topsham, Maine. Tony Nikischer, pers. com., 2008 |
| King, V.T., 2000. Mineralogy of Maine, v.2. |
King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, volume 1; King, V. and Foord, E., 2000, Mineralogy of Maine, volume 2. | |
| "Western Massachusetts Mineral Localities" by Plante, A.R., Valley Geology Press, 1992 |
| USGS Bulletin 988-G(1953) |
| Gobla, M.J. (2012) Montana mineral locality index. Rocks & Minerals, 87, #3, 208-240. |
| Gobla, M.J. (2012) Montana mineral locality index. Rocks & Minerals, 87, #3, 208-240; Chris Tucker and John Betts specimens. |
| NBMG Bull 62 Geology and Mineral Deposits of Clark County, Nevada |
| NBMG Bull 78 Geology and Mineral Deposits of Esmeralda County, Nevada |
| NBMG Bull 58 Geology and Mineral Resources of Mineral County, Nevada |
| NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada |
| Camp, Kristen F. (2011), "Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Anorogenic Granitic Miarolitic Pegmatites Associated with the White Mountain Intrusive Suite, New Hampshire." University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations. Paper 1363. |
| Nashua Mineral Society Display Catalog, 1995; USGS Prof Paper 255; Tom Mortimer, pers. comm. 2011 |
| Rocks & Minerals (2005) 80:242-261 New Hampshire Mineral Locality Index |
| A Quest for New Jersey Minerals, Robert Speiser(1978). |
| NMBMMR Bull 83 Mineral Deposits of Western Grant County, New Mexico |
Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. | |
| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. |
| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd rev. Ed., 1996; Edward C. Bingler (1968) Geology and Mineral Resources of Rio Arriba County, New Mexico. NMBMGR Bulletin 81; Michael N. Spilde, Steve Dubyk, Brian Salem, and William P. Moats, (2011) Rare earth bearing-minerals of the Petaca district, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico. New Mexico Geological Society Fall Field Conference Guidebook – 62 Geology of the Tusas Mountains and Ojo Caliente pp. 389-398. | |
| Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
| Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.; Edward C. Bingler (1968) Geology and Mineral Resources of Rio Arriba County, New Mexico. NMBMGR Bulletin 81; Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
NMBMMR Bull 87 Mineral and Water Resources of New Mexico; Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
| Edward C. Bingler (1968) Geology and Mineral Resources of Rio Arriba County, New Mexico. NMBMGR Bulletin 81 |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
All minerals were personally collected, and identified by David Aldridge, additional analysis perormed by Donald Slater, final analysis done by Carol Fry | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.; Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
| Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25.; Michael N. Spilde, Steve Dubyk, Brian Salem, and William P. Moats, (2011) Rare earth bearing-minerals of the Petaca district, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico. New Mexico Geological Society Fall Field Conference Guidebook – 62 Geology of the Tusas Mountains and Ojo Caliente pp. 389-398. | |
| Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. |
NMBMMR Bull 87 Mineral and Water Resources of New Mexico; Edward C. Bingler (1968) Geology and Mineral Resources of Rio Arriba County, New Mexico. NMBMGR Bulletin 81; Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.; Bull 167 University of New Mexico, December, 1929 Vol. IV. No. 2 | |
| Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
| Edward C. Bingler (1968) Geology and Mineral Resources of Rio Arriba County, New Mexico. NMBMGR Bulletin 81; Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. |
| Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996 |
Jahns, R. H., (1946) Mica Deposits of the Petaca District, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, with Brief Descriptions of the Ojo Caliente District, Rio Arriba County, and the Elk Mountain District, San Miguel County. NMBMGR Bulletin 25. | |
Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd rev. ed, 1996 | |
Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. | |
| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. |
| Jensen (1978) Minerals of New York State, p.152 |
| Smithsonian Institution Mineral Reference Collection No.121561-00 |
| Rocks & Min.:60:86. |
| Wilson,W.F and McKenzie,B.J,1978,Mineral Collecting Sites in North Carolina,Information Circular 24 |
Genth,F.A.,1891,The Minerals Of North Carolina:USGS Bulletion No.74 | |
| Wilson,W.F and McKenzie,B.J, 1978, Mineral Collecting Sites In North Carolina |
| Mineral Collecting Sites in North Carolina- W.F. Wilson and B.J. McKenzie-1980 |
| Dana 6:740. |
U.S Bureau of Mines/Spatial Data from the Minerals System/Mineral Industry Location System(Mas/Mils)CD-Rom,Sep,1995 | |
U.S Bureau of Mines/Spatial Data from the Minerals System/Mineral Industry Location System(Mas/Mils)CD-Rom,Sep,1995 | |
| U.S Bureau of Mines/Spatial Data from the Minerals System/Mineral Industry Location System(Mas/Mils)CD-Rom,Sep,1995 |
| Smithsonian Institution Mineral Reference Collection No.105590-00 |
| Genth,F.A.,1891,The Minerals Of North Carolina:USGS Bulletion No.74 |
[MinRec 27:289-290] | |
Genth, F.A (1891) The Minerals Of North Carolina: USGS Bulletion No.74 | |
| Wilson,W.F,and McKenzie,B.J,1978,Mineral Collecting Sites in North Carolina,Information Circular 24 |
Wilson,W.F and McKenzie,B.J (1978) Mineral Collecting Sites In North Carolina :NCGS Information Circular 24 | |
Warner,Richard.,Poterala,Stephen and Fleisher,Chris.,(2008) A Note On Uranium Minerals From The Spruce Pine Area,North Carolina: Carolina Geological Society,2008,Annual Meeting,Spruce Pine Mining District | |
| Mineralogical Research Company |
U.S Bureau of Mines/Spatial Data from the Minerals System/Mineral Industry Location System(Mas/Mils)CD-Rom,Sep,1995 | |
| Lesure, Frank G.,(1968) Mica Deposits of the Blue Ridge in North Carolina:USGS Professional Paper 577 |
| Warner,Richard.,Poterala,Stephen and Fleisher,Chris (2008) A Note On UraniumMinerals From The Spruce Pine Area,North Carolina: Carolina Geological Society,2008,Annual Meeting, Spruce Pine Mining District |
| Gordon, 1922. Mineralogy of Pennsylvania |
Gordon's Mineralogy of Pennsylvania (1922) p. 191 | |
| Self-Collected by Franklin Roberts |
Crook, Wilson W. III (1977) Texasite, a new mineral: the first example of a differentiated rare-earth species. American Mineralogist: 62: 1006-1008.; Rocks & Minerals (1991) 66(3): 196-224. | |
| R&M 66:3 pp 196-224 |
R&M 66:3 pp 196-224 | |
| Arthur Smith, Frank Roberts, Denise Bicknell (2008) Mineral News, 24, #1, 6-7. |
| R&M 66:3 pp 196-224 |
| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah |
UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah | |
| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah |
UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah | |
UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah | |
| Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich |
| Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich |
| Rocks & Min.: 60:165. |
Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich | |
Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich | |
| Rocks & Min.: 60:168. |
| Minerals of Washington, B. Cannon, 1975 |
| Minerals of Washington, B. Cannon, 1975 |
| www.uwrf.edu/~wc01 |
| Rocks & Minerals 82:409-410 |
Buchholz, T.W., Falster, A.U., Simmons, W.B. (2006) 33rd Rochester Mineralogical Symposium, abstracts, 18-19. | |
Zambia | |
| Picenza B. (1975) - Nuovo gacimento di Davidite nello Zambia - Notizie del Gruppo Min,. Lombardo, Milano, fasc. 1, March 1975,pp. 13-14 |
Zimbabwe | |
| Gallagher, M.J. (1967): Phosphates and other minerals in pegmatites of Rhodesia and Uganda. Mineralogical Magazine. 36, 50-59 |
Spinelli prospect, Glastonbury, Hartford Co., Connecticut, USA