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Sturmanite

A valid IMA mineral species
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About SturmaniteHide

Formula:
Ca6Fe3+2(SO4)2.5[B(OH)4](OH)12 · 25H2O
Fe(III) may be replaced by Al and Mn(III).
Colour:
Bright yellow to amber
Lustre:
Vitreous, Greasy
Hardness:
Specific Gravity:
1.847
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Name:
Named in 1983 by Donald R. Peacor, Pete J. Dunn, and Marjorie Duggan in honor of Bozidar Darko Sturman (7 October 1937 – 27 March 2019), Croatian-Canadian mineralogist and former Associate Curator of Mineralogy, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario, for his contributions to systematic mineralogy, in particular his studies of phosphate minerals from the Yukon and his refinement of methods used in optical mineralogy.
Ettringite Group.

A possible Mn4+ analogue is here coded as Unnamed (possible Mn(IV) analogue of sturmanite).


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
3817
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3817:7
GUID
(UUID V4):
8cac7531-0069-4294-99cb-73874d9cda25

IMA Classification of SturmaniteHide

Classification of SturmaniteHide

7.DG.15

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
G : With large and medium-sized cations; with NO3, CO3, B(OH)4, SiO4 or IO3
32.4.4.2

32 : COMPOUND SULFATES
4 : Hydrated Compound Sulfates containing Hydroxyl or Halogen
25.11.23

25 : Sulphates
11 : Sulphates of Fe and other metals

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
StrmIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of SturmaniteHide

Vitreous, Greasy
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Comment:
Greasy on fracture surfaces
Colour:
Bright yellow to amber
Streak:
Pale yellow, greenish yellow, brownish orange (altered)
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Very brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
{1010}
Density:
1.847 g/cm3 (Measured)    1.855 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
Measured with heavy liquids and pycnometer.

Optical Data of SturmaniteHide

Type:
Uniaxial (+/-)
RI values:
nω = 1.499 - 1.500 nε = 1.497 - 1.505
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.002
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Low
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
O= pale green
E= pale yellowish green

Chemistry of SturmaniteHide

Mindat Formula:
Ca6Fe3+2(SO4)2.5[B(OH)4](OH)12 · 25H2O

Fe(III) may be replaced by Al and Mn(III).

Crystallography of SturmaniteHide

Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
3m - Ditrigonal Pyramidal
Space Group:
P3 1c
Cell Parameters:
a = 11.16(3) Å, c = 21.79(9) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.953
Unit Cell V:
2,350.26 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Dipyramidal tabular to elongated hexagonal crystals. Forms include {10.4} modified by {11.4}. Exhibits parallel growth, stacked parallel to {0001}.
Twinning:
Probably
Comment:
Pushcharovsky et al. (2004) give: a 11.188(9), c 21.91(7) Å, V 2375.1(5) Å3.

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
9.67 Å(100)
5.58 Å(70)
3.89 Å(70)
2.582 Å(60)
2.774 Å(50)
2.215 Å(50)
2.161 Å(40)
Comments:
Kuruman district, South Africa. Data from the type description.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Geological Setting:
Secondary mineral in cavities in metamorphosed manganese deposits.

Type Occurrence of SturmaniteHide

General Appearance of Type Material:
Flattened hexagonal dipyramidal crystals.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian), Washington, D.C., USA, 148261.
Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Metamorphosed bedded manganese deposit.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Peacor, D.R., Dunn, P.J., Duggan, M. (1983) Sturmanite, a ferric iron, boron analogue of ettringite. The Canadian Mineralogist: 21: 705-709.

Synonyms of SturmaniteHide

Other Language Names for SturmaniteHide

Relationship of Sturmanite to other SpeciesHide

Other Members of this group:
BentoriteCa6Cr2(SO4)3(OH)12 · 26H2OTrig. 3m : P3 1c
BuryatiteCa3(Si,Fe3+,Al)(SO4)B(OH)4(OH,O)6 · 12H2OTrig. 3m : P3 1c
CarraraiteCa3(SO4)[Ge(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2OHex.
CharlesiteCa6(Al,Si)2(SO4)2[B(OH)4](OH,O)12 · 26H2OTrig. 3m : P3 1c
ChiyokoiteCa3Si(CO3)[B(OH)4]O (OH)5 · 12H2OHex. 6 : P63
EttringiteCa6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12 · 26H2OTrig. 3m : P3 1c
HielscheriteCa3Si(SO4)(SO3)(OH)6 · 11H2OHex. 6 : P63
ImayoshiiteCa3Al(CO3)[B(OH)4](OH)6 · 12H2OHex. 6 : P63
JouravskiteCa3Mn4+(SO4)(CO3)(OH)6 · 12H2OHex. 6 : P63
KottenheimiteCa 3Si(SO4)2(OH)6 · 12H2O Hex. 6/m : P63/m
Micheelsenite(Ca2Y)Al(PO3OH)(CO3)(OH)6 · 12H2OHex. 6 : P63
SiwaqaiteCa6Al2(CrO4)3(OH)12 · 26H2OTrig. 3m : P3 1c
TatarinoviteCa3Al(SO4)[B(OH)4](OH)6 · 12H2OHex. 6 : P63
ThaumasiteCa3(SO4)[Si(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2OHex. 6 : P63
UM2008-07-CO:AlBCaHSSiCa6(Al,Si)2(CO3,SO4)2[B(OH)4](OH,O)12 · 26H2O
Unnamed (possible Mn(IV) analogue of Sturmanite)Ca6Mn4+2(SO4)2[B(OH)4](OH)10O2 · nH2O

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
41 photos of Sturmanite associated with CalciteCaCO3
28 photos of Sturmanite associated with ManganiteMn3+O(OH)
27 photos of Sturmanite associated with EttringiteCa6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12 · 26H2O
19 photos of Sturmanite associated with BruciteMg(OH)2
11 photos of Sturmanite associated with QuartzSiO2
9 photos of Sturmanite associated with HematiteFe2O3
8 photos of Sturmanite associated with GaudefroyiteCa4Mn3+2-3(BO3)3(CO3)(O,OH)3
7 photos of Sturmanite associated with CharlesiteCa6(Al,Si)2(SO4)2[B(OH)4](OH,O)12 · 26H2O
7 photos of Sturmanite associated with AndraditeCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
6 photos of Sturmanite associated with HausmanniteMn2+Mn3+2O4

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

7.DG.MathesiusiteK5(UO2)4(SO4)4(VO5) · 4H2OTet. 4/m : P4/n
7.DG.05DarapskiteNa3(SO4)(NO3) · H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
7.DG.10Clinoungemachite(Na, K, Fe, SO4)Mon. 2/m
7.DG.10HumberstoniteNa7K3Mg2(SO4)6(NO3)2 · 6H2OTrig. 3 : R3
7.DG.10UngemachiteK3Na8Fe(SO4)6(NO3)2 · 6H2OTrig. 3 : R3
7.DG.15BentoriteCa6Cr2(SO4)3(OH)12 · 26H2OTrig. 3m : P3 1c
7.DG.15CharlesiteCa6(Al,Si)2(SO4)2[B(OH)4](OH,O)12 · 26H2OTrig. 3m : P3 1c
7.DG.15EttringiteCa6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12 · 26H2OTrig. 3m : P3 1c
7.DG.15JouravskiteCa3Mn4+(SO4)(CO3)(OH)6 · 12H2OHex. 6 : P63
7.DG.15ThaumasiteCa3(SO4)[Si(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2OHex. 6 : P63
7.DG.15CarraraiteCa3(SO4)[Ge(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2OHex.
7.DG.15BuryatiteCa3(Si,Fe3+,Al)(SO4)B(OH)4(OH,O)6 · 12H2OTrig. 3m : P3 1c
7.DG.15BiruniteCa18(SiO3)8.5(CO3)8.5SO4 · 15H2O(?)
7.DG.15HielscheriteCa3Si(SO4)(SO3)(OH)6 · 11H2OHex. 6 : P63
7.DG.15KottenheimiteCa 3Si(SO4)2(OH)6 · 12H2O Hex. 6/m : P63/m
7.DG.15ImayoshiiteCa3Al(CO3)[B(OH)4](OH)6 · 12H2OHex. 6 : P63
7.DG.15TatarinoviteCa3Al(SO4)[B(OH)4](OH)6 · 12H2OHex. 6 : P63
7.DG.15SiwaqaiteCa6Al2(CrO4)3(OH)12 · 26H2OTrig. 3m : P3 1c
7.DG.15ChiyokoiteCa3Si(CO3)[B(OH)4]O (OH)5 · 12H2OHex. 6 : P63
7.DG.20RapidcreekiteCa2(SO4)(CO3) · 4H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn
7.DG.25TatarskiteCa6Mg2(SO4)2(CO3)2(OH)4Cl4 · 7H2OOrth.
7.DG.30NakauriiteCu8(SO4)4(CO3)(OH)6 · 48H2OOrth.
7.DG.35Chessexite(Na,K)4Ca2(Mg,Zn)3Al8(SO4)10(SiO4)2 · 40H2OOrth.
7.DG.40CarlosruiziteK6(Na,K)4Na6Mg10(SeO4)12(IO3)12 · 12H2OTrig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3c1
7.DG.40FuenzalidaiteK6(Na,K)4Na6Mg10(SO4)12(IO3)12 · 12H2OTrig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3c1
7.DG.45Chelyabinskite(Ca,Mg)3(SO4,CO3)2[Si(OH)6] · 9H2O (?)Orth.
7.DG.55Ramazzoite[Mg8Cu12(PO4)(CO3)4(OH)24(H2O)20][(H0.33SO4)3(H2O)36]Iso. 4 3m : P4 3m
7.DG.60WitzkeiteNa4K4Ca(NO3)2(SO4)4 · 2H2O Mon. 2/m : B2/b

Fluorescence of SturmaniteHide

Does not fluoresce

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for SturmaniteHide

References for SturmaniteHide

Reference List:

Localities for SturmaniteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Russia
 
  • Kabardino-Balkaria
    • Baksan Valley
      • Upper Chegem volcanic caldera (Verkhnechegemskaya caldera)
A. E. Zadov data
South Africa (TL)
 
  • Northern Cape
    • John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality
      • Joe Morolong Local Municipality
        • Black Rock
Peacor et al. (1983) +3 other references
        • N'Chwaning Mines
Lapis: 11 (10) +2 other references
King (n.d.)
Von Bezing (1991)
Frost et al. (2014)
 
Mineral and/or Locality  
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