Sulvanite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Sulvanite
Formula:
Cu3VS4
Colour:
Grey in visible light, but cream-gold, bronze gold-yellow in polished section
Lustre:
Metallic, Sub-Metallic
Hardness:
3½
Crystal System:
Isometric
Name:
The name reflects its sulfur and vanadium contents.
Member of Germanite Group?
According to Cressey et al. (1993), four metal valencies characterize sulvanite: Cu+, Cu2+, V2+ (!), and V5+. This could make sulvanite the first known mineral species with divalent vanadium (compare dellagiustaite).
According to Cressey et al. (1993), four metal valencies characterize sulvanite: Cu+, Cu2+, V2+ (!), and V5+. This could make sulvanite the first known mineral species with divalent vanadium (compare dellagiustaite).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3827
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3827:6
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
29a8681e-cc0d-453a-8ba5-898462afd7a2
IMA Classification of Sulvanite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1900
Type description reference:
Classification of Sulvanite
2.CB.70
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
C : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 1: 1 (and similar)
B : With Zn, Fe, Cu, Ag, etc.
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
C : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 1: 1 (and similar)
B : With Zn, Fe, Cu, Ag, etc.
3.2.3.1
3 : SULFOSALTS
2 : ø = 4
3 : SULFOSALTS
2 : ø = 4
6.4.1
6 : Sulphosalts - Sulphostannates, Sulphogermanates,Sulpharsenates, Sulphantimonates, Sulphovanadates and Sulphohalides
4 : Sulphovanadates
6 : Sulphosalts - Sulphostannates, Sulphogermanates,Sulpharsenates, Sulphantimonates, Sulphovanadates and Sulphohalides
4 : Sulphovanadates
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Sul | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Sulvanite
Metallic, Sub-Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Grey in visible light, but cream-gold, bronze gold-yellow in polished section
Streak:
Black
Hardness:
3½ on Mohs scale
Optical Data of Sulvanite
Type:
Isotropic
Anisotropism:
Weak (rarely)
Reflectivity:
Wavelength | R |
---|---|
400nm | 28.1% |
420nm | 26.4% |
440nm | 24.4% |
460nm | 24.1% |
480nm | 27.6% |
500nm | 31.4% |
520nm | 30.6% |
540nm | 28.4% |
560nm | 27.7% |
580nm | 29.4% |
600nm | 30.0% |
620nm | 30.8% |
640nm | 29.5% |
660nm | 27.0% |
680nm | 26.7% |
700nm | 25.9% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 31.4%.
Colour in reflected light:
Pale yellow
Chemistry of Sulvanite
Mindat Formula:
Cu3VS4
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
As,Cu,Zn
Crystallography of Sulvanite
Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
4 3m - Hextetrahedral
Space Group:
P4 3m
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.3912(7) Å
Unit Cell V:
156.70 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
1
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0000146 | Sulvanite | Trojer F J (1966) Refinement of the structure of sulvanite American Mineralogist 51 890-894 | 1966 | 0 | 293 | ||
0018085 | Sulvanite | Pauling L, Hultgren R (1932) The crystal structure of sulvanite Cu3 V S4 _cod_database_code 1011219 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 84 204-212 | 1932 | 0 | 293 | ||
0017516 | Sulvanite | Lundqvist D, Westgren A (1936) The crystal structure of CuVS4 _cod_database_code 1010634 Svensk Kemisk Tidskrift 48 241-243 | 1936 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
5.44 Å | (100) |
3.12 Å | (50) |
2.40 Å | (40) |
1.910 Å | (80) |
1.804 Å | (30) |
1.634 Å | (40) |
1.101 Å | (40) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Type Occurrence of Sulvanite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Massive
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Goyder, G.A. (1900) Sulvanite, a new mineral. Journal of the Chemical Society, Transactions: 77: 1094-1096.
Other Language Names for Sulvanite
Varieties of Sulvanite
Ge-Sn-Sulvanite | A variety of sulvanite with significant contents of both germanium (up to 6 wt.-%) and tin (up to 3.6 wt.-%). |
Relationship of Sulvanite to other Species
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
22 photos of Sulvanite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
15 photos of Sulvanite associated with Tangeite | CaCu(VO4)(OH) |
10 photos of Sulvanite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
8 photos of Sulvanite associated with Volborthite | Cu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O |
7 photos of Sulvanite associated with Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
5 photos of Sulvanite associated with Vésigniéite | BaCu3(VO4)2(OH)2 |
3 photos of Sulvanite associated with Colusite | Cu13VAs3S16 |
3 photos of Sulvanite associated with Sphalerite | ZnS |
1 photo of Sulvanite associated with Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
1 photo of Sulvanite associated with Chernykhite | (Ba,Na)(V3+,Al,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
2.CB. | Agmantinite | Ag2MnSnS4 |
2.CB. | Richardsite | Zn2CuGaS4 |
2.CB. | Gachingite | Au(Te1-xSex) |
2.CB. | Tolstykhite | Au3S4Te6 |
2.CB. | Hanswilkeite | KFeS2 |
2.CB. | Auroselenide | AuSe |
2.CB. | Ruizhongite | (Ag2◻)Pb3Ge2S8 |
2.CB. | Okruginite | Cu2SnSe3 |
2.CB.05a | Coloradoite | HgTe |
2.CB.05a | Hawleyite | CdS |
2.CB.05a | Metacinnabar | HgS |
2.CB.05c | Polhemusite | (Zn,Hg)S |
2.CB.05b | Sakuraiite | (Cu,Zn,Fe)3(In,Sn)S4 |
2.CB.05a | Sphalerite | ZnS |
2.CB.05a | Stilleite | ZnSe |
2.CB.05a | Tiemannite | HgSe |
2.CB.05 | UM1998-15-S:CuFeZn | Cu2Fe3Zn5S10 |
2.CB.05a | Rudashevskyite | (Fe,Zn)S |
2.CB.05a | Ishiharaite | (Cu,Ga,Fe,In,Zn)S |
2.CB.07a | Shenzhuangite | NiFeS2 |
2.CB.07a | Unnamed (Cu-Mn-Sn Sulpide) | Cu2MnSnS4 |
2.CB.10a | Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
2.CB.10a | Eskebornite | CuFeSe2 |
2.CB.10a | Gallite | CuGaS2 |
2.CB.10b | Haycockite | Cu4Fe5S8 |
2.CB.10a | Lenaite | AgFeS2 |
2.CB.10b | Mooihoekite | Cu9Fe9S16 |
2.CB.10b | Putoranite | Cu1.1Fe1.2S2 |
2.CB.10a | Roquesite | CuInS2 |
2.CB.10b | Talnakhite | Cu9(Fe,Ni)8S16 |
2.CB.10a | Laforêtite | AgInS2 |
2.CB.10a | Unnamed (Cu-Zn-In Sulphide) | CuZn2InS4 |
2.CB.10a | UM1984-30-S:CuFeSn | Cu2Fe2Sn3S7 |
2.CB.10c | Omariniite | Cu8Fe2ZnGe2S12 |
2.CB.15a | Černýite | Cu2(Cd,Zn,Fe)SnS4 |
2.CB.15a | Ferrokësterite | Cu2FeSnS4 |
2.CB.15a | Hocartite | Ag2(Fe2+,Zn)SnS4 |
2.CB.15a | Idaite | Cu5FeS6 |
2.CB.15a | Kësterite | Cu2ZnSnS4 |
2.CB.15a | Kuramite | Cu3SnS4 |
2.CB.15b | Mohite | Cu2SnS3 |
2.CB.15a | Pirquitasite | Ag2ZnSnS4 |
2.CB.15a | Stannite | Cu2FeSnS4 |
2.CB.15c | Stannoidite | Cu+6Cu2+2(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12 |
2.CB.15a | Velikite | Cu2HgSnS4 |
2.CB.15c | UM2006-11-S:CuFeGeZn | Cu8(Fe,Zn)3Ge2S12 (?) |
2.CB.17a v | Arsenic-bearing Renierite | Cu11GeAsFe4S16 |
2.CB.20 | Chatkalite | Cu6FeSn2S8 |
2.CB.20 | Mawsonite | Cu6Fe2SnS8 |
2.CB.30 | Argyropyrite | near Ag2Fe7S11 |
2.CB.30 | Colusite | Cu13VAs3S16 |
2.CB.30 | Germanite | Cu13Fe2Ge2S16 |
2.CB.30 | Germanocolusite | Cu26V2(Ge,As)6S32 |
2.CB.30 | Nekrasovite | Cu26V2(Sn,As,Sb)6S32 |
2.CB.30 | Stibiocolusite | Cu13V(Sb,Sn,As)3S16 |
2.CB.30 | Ovamboite | Cu20(Fe,Cu,Zn)6W2Ge6S32 |
2.CB.30 | Maikainite | Cu20(Fe,Cu)6Mo2Ge6S32 |
2.CB.30 | Frieseite | Ag2Fe5S8 (?) |
2.CB.35a | Hemusite | Cu6SnMoS8 |
2.CB.35a | Kiddcreekite | Cu6SnWS8 |
2.CB.35a | Polkovicite | (Fe,Pb)3(Ge,Fe)1-xS4 |
2.CB.35a | Renierite | (Cu1+,Zn)11Fe4(Ge4+,As5+)2S16 |
2.CB.35a | Vinciennite | Cu+7Cu2+3Fe2+2Fe3+2Sn(As,Sb)S16 |
2.CB.35a | Morozeviczite | (Pb,Fe)3Ge1-xS4 |
2.CB.35b | Catamarcaite | Cu6GeWS8 |
2.CB.40 | Lautite | CuAsS |
2.CB.42 | Lingbaoite | AgTe3 |
2.CB.45 | Cadmoselite | CdSe |
2.CB.45 | Greenockite | CdS |
2.CB.45 | Wurtzite | (Zn,Fe)S |
2.CB.45 | Rambergite | MnS |
2.CB.45 | Buseckite | (Fe,Zn,Mn)S |
2.CB.45 | Maletoyvayamite | Au3Se4Te6 |
2.CB.47 | Murchisite | Cr5S6 |
2.CB.50 | Zincselenide | ZnSe |
2.CB.50 | Wassonite | TiS |
2.CB.52 | Dzhezkazganite | ReMoCu2PbS6 ? |
2.CB.55a | Cubanite | CuFe2S3 |
2.CB.55b | Isocubanite | CuFe2S3 |
2.CB.60 | Picotpaulite | TlFe2S3 |
2.CB.60 | Raguinite | TlFeS2 |
2.CB.65 | Argentopyrite | AgFe2S3 |
2.CB.65 | Sternbergite | AgFe2S3 |
2.CB.75 | Vulcanite | CuTe |
2.CB.80 | Empressite | AgTe |
2.CB.85 | Muthmannite | AuAgTe2 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Sulvanite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3827.html
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References for Sulvanite
Reference List:
Localities for Sulvanite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| Gramaccioli |
Australia | |
| - (Erroneous attribution) +1 other reference |
| Gramaccioli |
| Ralph Bottrill (in prep) |
| Zaw et al. (1997) |
Bulgaria | |
| Cook et al. (2002) +1 other reference |
| Cook et al. (2002) +1 other reference |
Straschimirov (1982) +3 other references | |
| Cook et al. (2002) |
Canada | |
| Scott et al. (1986) |
| Gill et al. (2016) |
China | |
| Coveney et al. (1993) |
| Wallis (2006) |
| Shenghua Wu et al. (2010) |
| Shihui Yang and Xiaoling Zhu (1991) |
Shihui Yang et al. (1996) | |
| Li Chaoyang (1996) |
| Nansheng Chen (1996) |
Czech Republic | |
| Scharm et al. (2000) |
DR Congo | |
| ... |
| Deliens (1996) |
Finland | |
| Sergeeva et al. (2011, February) |
France | |
| Anthony et al. (1990) |
Germany | |
| Wittern (2001) |
Greece | |
| Economic Geology 102 (2007) |
Italy | |
| Orlandi et al. (1996) +1 other reference |
| Orlandi (1974) +3 other references |
| Orlandi et al. (2009) |
Biagioni et al. (2019) | |
Matteo Chinellato collection | |
Orlandi et al. (2009) +1 other reference | |
| Biagioni et al. (2019) |
Franzini et al. (1982) +1 other reference | |
Orlandi et al. (1989) +3 other references | |
AA. VV. | |
| Orlandi et al. (2009) |
Guelfi et al. (1987) +1 other reference | |
D’Achiardi (1911 a) +5 other references | |
Brizzi (1986) +5 other references | |
Orlandi et al. (2009) | |
| Orlandi et al. (2002) +1 other reference |
Orlandi et al. (2009) | |
Orlandi et al. (2002) | |
Japan | |
| Matsubara et al. (2006) |
Kazakhstan | |
| United States Bureau of Mines (1982) |
| Evseev (1995) |
| - (2005) |
| Karpenko et al. (2011) |
Kyrgyzstan | |
| Pautov L.A. |
Mongolia | |
| Economic Geology September 2001 v. 96 ... |
Namibia | |
| Gramaccioli |
Poland | |
| Chmielewski et al. (2016) |
Russia | |
| Parnell et al. (2001) |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) |
Am Min 59:307-313 | |
| Collection of Geological Museum in ... |
| Geology of Ore Deposits Volume 50 |
[World of Stones 12:49] | |
| Nenasheva et al. (2011) |
| Ayupova et al. (2021) |
| Gongalsky et al. (2019) |
Serbia | |
| Singer et al. (2008) |
Anthony et al. (1990) | |
USA | |
| Bart Cannon microprobe analysis +19 other references |
Bullock (1981) | |
| Jackson (1986) |
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Fantiscritti, Miseglia quarrying basin, Carrara, Massa-Carrara Province, Tuscany, Italy