Törnebohmite-(Ce)
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About Törnebohmite-(Ce)
Formula:
(Ce,La)2Al(SiO4)2(OH)
Colour:
Olive-green
Lustre:
Waxy
Hardness:
4½
Specific Gravity:
4.94
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named törnebohmite after Alfred Elis Törnebohm (1838-1911), geologist, and a pioneer in the study of the Archean rocks of central Sweden. Later renamed with the suffix indicating the dominant rare earth element.
This page provides mineralogical data about Törnebohmite-(Ce).
Classification of Törnebohmite-(Ce)
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
8/B.19-20
9.AG.45
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
G : Nesosilicates with additional anions; cations in > [6] +- [6] coordination
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
G : Nesosilicates with additional anions; cations in > [6] +- [6] coordination
52.4.5.1
52 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups and O,OH,F,H2O
4 : Insular SiO4 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [6] and/or >[6] coordination
52 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups and O,OH,F,H2O
4 : Insular SiO4 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [6] and/or >[6] coordination
16.13.2
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
13 : Aluminosilicates of the rare earths
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
13 : Aluminosilicates of the rare earths
Physical Properties of Törnebohmite-(Ce)
Waxy
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Olive-green
Hardness:
4½ on Mohs scale
Density:
4.94 g/cm3 (Measured) 5.12 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Törnebohmite-(Ce)
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.845 nβ = 1.852 nγ = 1.878
2V:
Measured: 26° , Calculated: 56°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.033

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High
Dispersion:
strong
Pleochroism:
Strong
Comments:
Very strong; X = light rose to greenish yellow;
Y = bluish green; Z = light rose.
Y = bluish green; Z = light rose.
Chemical Properties of Törnebohmite-(Ce)
Formula:
(Ce,La)2Al(SiO4)2(OH)
IMA Formula:
Ce2Al(SiO4)2(OH)
Crystallography of Törnebohmite-(Ce)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Setting:
P21/c
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.383(3) Å, b = 5.673(3) Å, c = 16.937(6) Å
β = 112.04°
β = 112.04°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.301 : 1 : 2.986
Unit Cell V:
657.54 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Comment:
Pseudohexagonal
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
• Contact metamorphism, other
Type Occurrence of Törnebohmite-(Ce)
General Appearance of Type Material:
Fine-grained, massive; as inclusions in cerite.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Geijer, P. (1920) The cerium minerals of Bastnäs at Riddarhyttan. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning Arsbok: 14(304): 1-24.
Synonyms of Törnebohmite-(Ce)
Törnebohmite (in part)
Other Language Names for Törnebohmite-(Ce)
German:Törnebohmit-(Ce)
Russian:Торнебомит-(Ce)
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
19 photos of Törnebohmite-(Ce) associated with Ferriallanite-(Ce) | {CaCe}{Fe3+AlFe2+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH) |
15 photos of Törnebohmite-(Ce) associated with Cerite-(Ce) | (Ce,Ca)9(Mg,Fe)(SiO4)3(HSiO4)4(OH)3 |
8 photos of Törnebohmite-(Ce) associated with Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
6 photos of Törnebohmite-(Ce) associated with Unnamed (O- and Fe-analogue of Västmanlandite-(Ce)) | Ca(Ce,La)3Al2Fe2+Fe3+(Si2O7)(SiO4)3O(OH)2 |
6 photos of Törnebohmite-(Ce) associated with Allanite-(Ce) | {CaCe}{Al2Fe2+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH) |
5 photos of Törnebohmite-(Ce) associated with Britholite-(Ce) | (Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3OH |
4 photos of Törnebohmite-(Ce) associated with Håleniusite-(La) | (La,Ce)OF |
4 photos of Törnebohmite-(Ce) associated with Bastnäsite-(La) | La(CO3)F |
4 photos of Törnebohmite-(Ce) associated with Strontium-rich Calcite | (Ca,Sr)CO3 |
4 photos of Törnebohmite-(Ce) associated with Strontianite | SrCO3 |
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping
9.AG. | Edgrewite | Ca9(SiO4)4F2 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
9.AG.05 | Abswurmbachite | CuMn3+6(SiO4)O8 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/acd |
9.AG.05 | Braunite | Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/acd |
9.AG.05 | Neltnerite | CaMn3+6(SiO4)O8 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/acd |
9.AG.05 | Braunite-II | CaMn3+14(SiO4)O20 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/acd |
9.AG.10 | Långbanite | Mn2+4Mn3+9Sb5+O16(SiO4)2 | Trig. 3m : P3m1 |
9.AG.15 | Malayaite | CaSn(SiO4)O | Mon. |
9.AG.15 | Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
9.AG.15 | Vanadomalayaite | CaV4+(SiO4)O | Mon. |
9.AG.15 | Natrotitanite | (Na0.5Y0.5)Ti(SiO4)O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
9.AG.15 | Żabińskiite | Ca[Al0.5(Ta,Nb)0.5)](SiO4)O | Tric. 1 |
9.AG.20 | Cerite-(Ce) | (Ce,Ca)9(Mg,Fe)(SiO4)3(HSiO4)4(OH)3 | Trig. 3m : R3c |
9.AG.20 | Ferricerite-(La) | (La,Ce,Ca)9Fe3+(SiO4)3(SiO3OH)4(OH)3 | Trig. 3m : R3c |
9.AG.20 | Aluminocerite-(Ce) | (Ce,La,Ca)9(Al,Fe3+)(SiO4)3(HSiO4)4(OH)3 | Trig. 3m : R3c |
9.AG.25 | Trimounsite-(Y) | Y2Ti2(SiO4)O5 | Mon. |
9.AG.25 | Yftisite-(Y) | (Y,Dy,Er)4(Ti,Sn)(SiO4)2O(F,OH)6 | |
9.AG.25 | Mieite-(Y) | Y4Ti(SiO4)2O[F,(OH)]6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm |
9.AG.30 | Sitinakite | KNa2Ti4(SiO4)2O5(OH) · 4H2O | Tet. |
9.AG.35 | Kittatinnyite | Ca2Mn2Mn(SiO4)2(OH)4 · 9H2O | Hex. |
9.AG.40a | Natisite | Na2Ti(SiO4)O | Tet. |
9.AG.40b | Paranatisite | Na2Ti(SiO4)O | Orth. |
9.AG.45 | Törnebohmite-(La) | (La,Ce)2Al(SiO4)2(OH) | |
9.AG.50 | Kuliokite-(Y) | Y4Al(SiO4)2(OH)2F5 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
9.AG.55 | Chantalite | CaAl2(SiO4)(OH)4 | Tet. 4/m : I41/a |
9.AG.60 | Mozartite | CaMn3+(SiO4)(OH) | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
9.AG.60 | Vuagnatite | CaAl(SiO4)(OH) | Orth. |
9.AG.65 | Hatrurite | Ca3(SiO4)O | Trig. |
9.AG.70 | Jasmundite | Ca11(SiO4)4O2S | Tet. 4 2m : I4m2 |
9.AG.75 | Afwillite | Ca3(HSiO4)2 · 2H2O | Mon. m : Bb |
9.AG.80 | Bultfonteinite | Ca2(HSiO4)F · H2O | Tric. |
9.AG.85 | Zoltaiite | BaV4+2V3+12(SiO4)2O19 | Trig. 3 : P3 |
9.AG.90 | Tranquillityite | (Fe2+,Ca)8(Zr,Y)2Ti3(SiO4)3O12 | Hex. |
Related Minerals - Dana Grouping (8th Ed.)
52.4.5.2 | Törnebohmite-(La) | (La,Ce)2Al(SiO4)2(OH) |
Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals Grouping
16.13.1 | Vyuntspakhkite-(Y) | (Y,Yb)4Al2.5-1.5(Si,Al)1.5-2.5(SiO4)4O(OH)7 | Mon. |
16.13.3 | Törnebohmite-(La) | (La,Ce)2Al(SiO4)2(OH) | |
16.13.4 | Allanite-(Y) | {CaY}{Al2Fe2+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH) | Mon. |
16.13.5 | Allanite-(Ce) | {CaCe}{Al2Fe2+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH) | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
16.13.6 | Dollaseite-(Ce) | {CaCe}{MgAlMg}(Si2O7)(SiO4)F(OH) | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
16.13.8 | Dissakisite-(Ce) | {CaCe}{Al2Mg}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH) | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
References for Törnebohmite-(Ce)
Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Geijer, P. (1920) The cerium minerals of Bastnäs at Riddarhyttan. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning Arsbok: 14(304): 1-24.
Wherry, E.T. (1921) New minerals. American Mineralogist: 6: 118-119 .
Holtstam, D., Andersson, U.B. (2007) The REE minerals of the Bastnäs-type deposits, south-central Sweden. The Canadian Mineralogist: 45: 1073-1114.
Levinson, A.A. (1966) A system of nomenclature for rare-earth minerals. American Mineralogist: 51: 152-158.
Nickel, E.H., Mandarino, J.A. (1987) Procedures involving the IMA Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names and guidelines on mineral nomenclature. American Mineralogist: 72: 1031-1042.
Shen, J., Moore, P.B. (1982) Törnebohmite, RE2Al(OH)[SiO4]2: crystal structure and genealogy of RE(III)Si(IV)‹—›Ca(II)P(V) isomorphisms. American Mineralogist: 67: 1021-1028.
Internet Links for Törnebohmite-(Ce)
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3998.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
Localities for Törnebohmite-(Ce)
Locality List




All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Wulser PA et al. U-Th-REE mobility in and around the Mt Painter & Mt Babbage inliers, Northern Flinders Ranges, South Australia. 2005, Abstracts Geol. Soc. Austra. Vol.78 |
China | |
| Qu, K., Sima, X., Zhou, H., Xiao, Z., Tu, J., Yin, Q., ... & Li, J. (2019). In situ LA-MC-ICP-MS and ID-TIMS U-Pb ages of bastnäsite-(Ce) and zircon from the Taipingzhen hydrothermal REE deposit: New constraints on the later Paleozoic granite-related U-REE mineralization in the North Qinling Orogen, Central China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 173, 352-363. |
France | |
| AmMin 88:223-228 |
Mongolia | |
| Kovalenko, V. I., Yarmolyuk, V. V., Sal nikova, E. B., Kartashov, P. M., Kovach, V. P., Kozakov, I. K., ... & Yakovleva, S. Z. (2004). The Khaldzan-Buregtei Massif of peralkaline rare-metal igneous rocks: structure, geochronology, and geodynamic setting in the Caledonides of Western Mongolia. Petrology c/c of Petrologiia, 12(5), 412-436. |
Norway | |
| Neumann, H. & Bergstøl, S. (1963): Contributions to the mineralogy of Norway No.17. Cerianite from cleavelandite pegmatite dykes in Iveland. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 43,247-255 +Neumann, H. (1985): Norges Mineraler. Norges geologiske undersøkelse. Skrifter 68, p. 85 |
| Husdal, T. (2011): Tysfjordgranittens pegmatitter. Stein. 38 (4): 4-35 |
| Husdal, T. (2011): Tysfjordgranittens pegmatitter. Stein. 38 (4): 4-35 |
Husdal, T. (2008): The minerals of the pegmatites within the Tysfjord granite, northern Norway. Norsk Bergverksmuseum, skrift 38, 5-28. | |
Romania | |
| Hirtopanu Paulina, Andersen C. Jens, Fairhurst J. Robert and Jakab Gyula (2013) Allanite-(Ce) and its associations, from the Ditrau alkaline intrusive massif. Proc. Rom. Acad., Series B, 2013, 15(1), p. 59–74 |
Russia | |
| N.V. Svyazhin Tornebohmite from alkaline province of Ural, - Zapiski VMO,1962,91,N1,pp. 97-99.; Kasatkin, A. V., Zubkova, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Chukanov, N. V., Škoda, R., Polekhovsky, Y. S., ... & Pushcharovsky, D. Y. The mineralogy of the historical Mochalin Log REE deposit, South Urals, Russia. Part I. New gatelite-group minerals ferriperbøeite-(La),(CaLa 3)(Fe 3+ Al 2 Fe 2+)[Si 2 O 7][SiO 4] 3 O (OH) 2, and perbøeite-(La),(CaLa 3)(Al 3 Fe 2+)[Si 2 O 7][SiO 4] 3 O (OH) 2. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-35. |
| Koneva A.A., Konev A.A., Vladykin N.V. (2010) Vein complex of the Biraya carbonatite deposit. in Abstracts of XXVII International conference School «Geochemistry of Alkaline rocks». – Moscow-Koktebel’. pp. 240 pp. |
Mills, S. J., Kartashov, P. M., Kampf, A. R., Konev, A. A., Koneva, A. A., & Raudsepp, M. (2012). Cordylite-(La), A New Mineral Species In Fenite From The Biraya Fe–Ree Deposit, Irkutsk, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 50(5), 1281-1290. | |
| Kapustin Yu.L. (1989) Cerite and ternebohmite from fenites of alkaline massifs of Tuva, - Zapiski VMO, 118(4), p. 47-56 (in Rus.) |
South Korea | |
| P.M. Kartashov data |
Sweden | |
| Jansson, M. () Förekomster med ceriummineral i stråket Möklinta, Norberg, Riddarhyttan och Nora. |
No reference listed | |
Jansson, M. (2001) Förekomster med ceriummineral i stråket Möklinta, Norberg, Riddarhyttan och Nora. | |
| No reference listed |
No reference listed | |
| Geijer,P. (1920). The cerium minerals of Bastnäs at Riddarhyttan. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning, Serie C, 304: 24; Holtstam, D., Bindi, L., Hålenius, U., & Andersson, U. B. (2017). Delhuyarite-(Ce)–Ce 4 Mg (Fe 3+ 2 W)□(Si 2 O 7) 2 O 6 (OH) 2–a new mineral of the chevkinite group, from the Nya Bastnäs Fe–Cu–REE deposit, Sweden. European Journal of Mineralogy, ejm2635_pap_gsw. |
Holtstam, D., Bindi, L., Hålenius, U., & Andersson, U. B. (2017). Delhuyarite-(Ce)–Ce 4 Mg (Fe 3+ 2 W)□(Si 2 O 7) 2 O 6 (OH) 2–a new mineral of the chevkinite group, from the Nya Bastnäs Fe–Cu–REE deposit, Sweden. European Journal of Mineralogy. DOI: 10.1127/ejm/2017/0029-2635 | |
Holtstam, D., Andersson, U.B. (2007): The REE minerals of the Bastnäs-type deposits, South-Central Sweden. Canadian Mineralogist. 45, 1073-1114 | |
No reference listed | |
Jonsson, E., Högdahl, K., Sahlström, F., Nysten, P. & Sadeghi, M. The palaeoproterozoic skarn-hosted REE mineralisations of Bastnäs-type: Overview and mineralogical- geological character. ERES2014: 1st European Rare Earth Resources Conference|Milos|04 07/09/2014: 382-389 | |
USA | |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. |
| Goddard, E.N. and Glass, J.J. (1940): Deposits of radioactive cerite near Jamestown, Colorado. American Mineralogist. 25,381-404 |
Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckel | |
| Rocks & Minerals: 63: 457. |
Bastnäs Mines, Riddarhyttan, Skinnskatteberg, Västmanland County, Sweden