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Kirchhoffite

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Kirchhoffite, etc.

Dara-i-Pioz Glacier, Districts of Republican Subordination, Tajikistan

Kirchhoffite, etc.

Dara-i-Pioz Glacier, Districts of Republican Subordination, Tajikistan

Kirchhoffite, etc.

Dara-i-Pioz Glacier, Districts of Republican Subordination, Tajikistan

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About KirchhoffiteHide

Gustav Kirchhoff

Formula:

Cs(BSi₂O₆)

Colour:

Colorless

Lustre:

Vitreous, Sub-Vitreous

Hardness:

6 - 6½

Specific Gravity:

3.622

Crystal System:

Tetragonal

Member of:

Zeolite Group

Name:

Named in 2010 by Atali A. Agakhanov, Leonid A. Pautov, Vladimir Yu. Karpenko, Elena Sokolova, and Frank C. Hawthorne in honor of Gustav Kirchhoff [March 12, 1824 Königsberg, East Prussia (Germany)– October 17, 1887 (Berlin, Germany] who was co-discoverer of cesium and who co-developed the field of chemical spectroscopy. Kirchhoff also developed, among many other discoveries, laws governing electrical circuits and proposed the fundamentals of what he termed "black body radiation."

Type Locality:

ⓘ Dara-i-Pioz Glacier (Dara-Pioz), Districts of Republican Subordination, Tajikistan

Boron analogue of tetragonal pollucite.

Classification of KirchhoffiteHide

IMA status:

Approved

Approval year:

2009

First published:

2012

Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:

9.GB.05

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
G : Tektosilicates with zeolitic H₂O; zeolite family
B : Chains of single connected 4-membered rings

Dana 8th ed.:

77.1.1.8

77 : TECTOSILICATES Zeolites
1 : Zeolite group - True zeolites

Physical Properties of KirchhoffiteHide

Lustre:

Vitreous, Sub-Vitreous

Transparency:

Transparent

Colour:

Colorless

Hardness:

6 - 6½ on Mohs scale

Tenacity:

Brittle

Cleavage:

None Observed

Fracture:

Conchoidal

Density:

3.622 g/cm³ (Measured) 3.639 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of KirchhoffiteHide

Type:

Uniaxial (+)

RI values:

n_ω = 1.592 n_ε = 1.600

Birefringence:

0.008

Max Birefringence:

δ = 0.008

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.

Surface Relief:

Moderate

Pleochroism:

Non-pleochroic

Chemical Properties of KirchhoffiteHide

Formula:

Cs(BSi₂O₆)

IMA Formula:

CsBSi₂O₆

Elements listed:

B, Cs, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of KirchhoffiteHide

Crystal System:

Tetragonal

Class (H-M):

4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) - Ditetragonal Dipyramidal

Space Group:

I4₁/acd

Setting:

I4₁/acd

Cell Parameters:

a = 13.019(2) Å, c = 12.900(2) Å

Ratio:

a:c = 1 : 0.991

Unit Cell V:

2,186.48 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0019219	Kirchhoffite	Agakhanov A A, Pautov L A, Karpenko V Y, Sokolova E, Hawthorne F C (2012) Kirchhoffite, CsBSi2O6, a new mineral species from the Darai-Pioz Alkaline Massif,Tajikistan: Description and crystal structure The Canadian Mineralogist 50 523-529		2012	Upper Dara-Pioz alkaline massif, Garm district, Tajikistan	0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Kirchhoffite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Agakhanov A A'
'Pautov L A'
'Karpenko V Y'
'Sokolova E'
'Hawthorne F C'
_journal_name_full 'The Canadian Mineralogist'
_journal_volume 50 
_journal_year 2012
_journal_page_first 523
_journal_page_last 529
_publ_section_title
;
 Kirchhoffite, CsBSi2O6, a new mineral species from the
 Darai-Pioz Alkaline Massif,Tajikistan: Description and crystal structure
;
_database_code_amcsd 0019219
_chemical_compound_source 'Upper Dara-Pioz alkaline massif, Garm district, Tajikistan'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Cs B Si2 O6'
_cell_length_a 13.019
_cell_length_b 13.019
_cell_length_c 12.899
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 2186.308
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      3.596
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'I 41/a c d'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2+y,1/2+z'
  '1/4-y,3/4-x,3/4+z'
  '3/4-y,1/4-x,1/4+z'
  '1/4+y,3/4+x,3/4-z'
  '3/4+y,1/4+x,1/4-z'
  '1/4+y,3/4-x,1/4-z'
  '3/4+y,1/4-x,3/4-z'
  '1/4-y,3/4+x,1/4+z'
  '3/4-y,1/4+x,3/4+z'
  '1/2+x,-y,z'
  '+x,1/2-y,1/2+z'
  '1/2-x,y,-z'
  '-x,1/2+y,1/2-z'
  '1/2+x,y,1/2-z'
  '+x,1/2+y,-z'
  '1/2-x,-y,1/2+z'
  '-x,1/2-y,+z'
  '1/4+y,1/4+x,1/4+z'
  '3/4+y,3/4+x,3/4+z'
  '1/4-y,1/4-x,1/4-z'
  '3/4-y,3/4-x,3/4-z'
  '1/4-y,1/4+x,3/4-z'
  '3/4-y,3/4+x,1/4-z'
  '1/4+y,1/4-x,3/4+z'
  '3/4+y,3/4-x,1/4+z'
  '-x,y,1/2+z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,+z'
  'x,-y,1/2-z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,-z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2-y,1/2-z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
Cs   0.12323   0.37323   0.12500   0.01930
B   0.33620   0.58620   0.12500   0.00800
Si   0.09119   0.11581   0.33656   0.00880
O1   0.12960   0.14680   0.03630   0.01640
O2   0.13820   0.21910   0.39000   0.01810
O3   0.27400   0.10180   0.14480   0.01510
loop_
_atom_site_aniso_label
_atom_site_aniso_U_11
_atom_site_aniso_U_22
_atom_site_aniso_U_33
_atom_site_aniso_U_12
_atom_site_aniso_U_13
_atom_site_aniso_U_23
Cs 0.02010 0.02010 0.01760 -0.00090 0.00231 -0.00231
B 0.01000 0.01000 0.00400 -0.00500 0.00300 -0.00300
Si 0.00960 0.00730 0.00940 0.00050 0.00020 -0.00120
O1 0.02000 0.01500 0.01500 0.00160 -0.00090 0.00340
O2 0.02300 0.01000 0.02100 -0.00080 -0.00200 -0.00540
O3 0.01100 0.02100 0.01300 -0.00450 -0.00170 0.00290

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
5.32 Å	(32)
3.48 Å	(82)
3.26 Å	(100)
2.770 Å	(67)
2.373 Å	(21)
2.294 Å	(41)
2.109 Å	(34)
1.768 Å	(22)

Comments:

The crystal structure of kirchhoffite was refined to an R1 index of 3.1% based on 487 observed reflections collected on a four-circle diffractometer with MoKα X-radiation. In the structure, there are two tetrahedrally coordinated sites: Si is occupied by silicon, = 1.610 Å, B is occupied by boron, = 1.465 Å, and Cs is [12]-coordinated,

= 3.301 Å. Tetrahedra form a [BSi2O6] framework, the topology of which is identical to that of tetragonal pollucite, CsAlSi2O6. The [12]-coordinated Cs atoms occupy the channels along [111] formed by six-membered rings of tetrahedra. Kirchhoffite, CsBSi2O6, is a B analogue of the tetragonal modification of pollucite.

Type Occurrence of KirchhoffiteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Dara-i-Pioz Glacier (Dara-Pioz), Districts of Republican Subordination, Tajikistan

General Appearance of Type Material:

Occurs as colorless equant grains 10 to 80 μm in diameter

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Moscow, russia, reg. no. 3923/1

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Reedmergnerite	Quartz	Pyrochlore Group	Polylithionite	Pectolite
Neptunite	Leucosphenite	Fluorite	Baratovite	Aegirine

Reference:

Agakhanov, A.A., Pautov, L.A., Karpenko, V.Y., Sokolova, E., Hawthorne, F.C., (2012) Kirchhoffite, CsBSi2O6, a new mineral species from the Darai-Pioz Alkaline Massif, Tajikistan: Description and crystal structure. The Canadian Mineralogist: 50: 523-529.

Download:

https://rruff.info/rruff_1.0/uploads/CM50_523.pdf

Synonyms of KirchhoffiteHide

IMA2009-094

Other Language Names for KirchhoffiteHide

Spanish:Kirchhoffita

Relationship of Kirchhoffite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Zeolite Group

Other Members of this group:

Alflarsenite	NaCa₂Be₃Si₄O₁₃(OH) · 2H₂O	Mon. 2 : P2₁
Amicite	K₂Na₂Al₄Si₄O₁₆ · 5H₂O	Mon. 2
Ammonioleucite	(NH₄)(AlSi₂O₆)	Tet.
Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O	Tric. 1 : P1
Bellbergite	(K,Ba,Sr)₂Sr₂Ca₂(Ca,Na)₄[Al₃Si₃O₁₂]₆ · 30H₂O	Hex.
Bikitaite	LiAlSi₂O₆ · H₂O	Tric. 1 : P1
Boggsite	Ca₈Na₃(Si,Al)₉₆O₁₉₂ · 70H₂O	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Imma
Brewsterite-Ba	(Ba,Sr)[Al₂Si₆O₁₆] · 5H₂O	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
Brewsterite-Sr	(Sr,Ba,Ca)[Al₂Si₆O₁₆] · 5H₂O	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
Chabazite-Levyne Subgroup	M[Al₂Si₄O₁₂] · 6H₂O
Chiavennite	CaMnBe₂Si₅O₁₃(OH)₂ · 2H₂O	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
Clinoptilolite	M_3-6(Si₃₀Al₆)O₇₂ · 20H₂O
Cowlesite	CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 6H₂O	Orth.
Dachiardite-Ca	(Ca,Na₂,K₂)₅Al₁₀Si₃₈O₉₆ · 25H₂O	Mon.
Dachiardite-K	K₄(Si₂₀Al₄O₄₈) · 13H₂O	Mon.
Dachiardite-Na	(Na₂,Ca,K₂)₅Al₁₀Si₃₈O₉₆ · 25H₂O	Mon.
Direnzoite	NaK₆MgCa₂(Al₁₃Si₄₇O₁₂₀) · 36H₂O	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmmn
Edingtonite	Ba[Al₂Si₃O₁₀] · 4H₂O	Orth. 2 2 2 : P2₁ 2₁ 2₁
Epistilbite	CaAl₂Si₆O₁₆ · 5H₂O	Mon.
Erionite	M₂[Al₄Si₁₄O₃₆] · 15H₂O
Faujasite	M_3.5[Al₇Si₁₇O₄₈] · 32H₂O
Ferrierite	Zeolite Group.
Ferrochiavennite	Ca_1-2Fe[(Si,Al,Be)₅Be₂O₁₃(OH)₂] · 2H₂O	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
Flörkeite	(K₃Ca₂Na)[Al₈Si₈O₃₂] · 12H₂O	Tric. 1 : P1
Garronite-Ca	Na₂Ca₅Al₁₂Si₂₀O₆₄ · 27H₂O	Tet. 4 2m : I4m2
Gaultite	Na₄Zn₂Si₇O₁₈ · 5H₂O	Orth. mm2 : Fdd2
Gismondine-Ba	Ba₂Al₄Si₄O₁₆ · 4-6H₂O
Gismondine-Ca	CaAl₂Si₂O₈ · 4H₂O	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
Gmelinite	In 1997, gmelinite was split into Gmelinite-Ca, Gmelinite-Na and Gmelinite-K.
Gobbinsite	Na₅(Si₁₁Al₅)O₃₂ · 11H₂O	Orth.
Goosecreekite	Ca[Al₂Si₆O₁₆] · 5H₂O	Mon.
Gottardiite	Na₃Mg₃Ca₅Al₁₉Si₁₁₇O₂₇₂ · 93H₂O	Orth.
Heulandite	Heulandite is the name applied to specimens with unknown dominance of the extra-framework cations.
Hsianghualite	Ca₃Li₂(Be₃Si₃O₁₂)F₂	Iso. 4 3 2 : I4₁ 3 2
Laumontite	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
Lovdarite	K₂Na₆Be₄Si₁₄O₃₆ · 9H₂O	Orth. mm2
Maricopaite	Pb₇Ca₂(Si,Al)₄₈O₁₀₀ · 32H₂O	Orth.
Martinandresite	Ba₂(Al₄Si₁₂O₃₂) · 10H₂O	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmmn
Mazzite-Mg	(Mg,K,Ca)₅(Si₂₆Al₁₀)O₇₂ · 28H₂O	Hex.
Mazzite-Na	Na₈[Al₄Si₁₄O₃₆]₂ · 30H₂O	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6₃/mmc
Merlinoite	(K,Na)₅(Ca,Ba)₂Al₉Si₂₃O₆₄ · 23H₂O	Orth.
Montesommaite	(K,Na)₉Al₉Si₂₃O₆₄ · 10H₂O	Orth.
Mordenite	(Na₂,Ca,K₂)₄(Al₈Si₄₀)O₉₆ · 28H₂O	Orth.
Mutinaite	Na₃Ca₄Si₈₅Al₁₁O₁₉₂ · 60H₂O	Orth.
Nabesite	Na₂BeSi₄O₁₀ · 4H₂O	Orth. 2 2 2 : P2₁ 2₁ 2₁
Natrolite Subgroup	A subgroup of the Zeolite Group.
Offretite	KCaMg(Si₁₃Al₅)O₃₆ · 15H₂O	Hex. 6 m2 : P6m2
Pahasapaite	Li₈(Ca,Li,K)_10.5Be₂₄(PO₄)₂₄ · 38H₂O	Iso. 2 3 : I2 3
Parthéite	Ca₂(Si₄Al₄) O₁₅ (OH)₂ · 4H₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
Paulingite-Ca	(Ca,K,Na,Ba, ◻)₁₀ (Si, Al)₄₂O₈₄ · 34H₂O	Iso.
Paulingite-K	(K₂,Ca,Na₂,Ba)₅[Al₁₀Si₃₅O₉₀] · 45H₂O	Iso.
Paulingite-Na	(Na₂,K₂,Ca,Ba)₅[Al₁₀Si₃₅O₉₀] · 45H₂O	Iso.
Perlialite	K₉Na(Ca,Sr)[Al₂Si₄O₁₂]₆ · 15H₂O	Hex.
Phillipsite subgroup	Zeolite Group.
Pollucite	(Cs,Na)₂(Al₂Si₄O₁₂) · 2H₂O	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
Roggianite	Ca₂Be(OH)₂Al₂Si₄O₁₃ · 2.5H₂O	Tet.
Stilbite subgroup	M_6-7[Al_8-9Si_27-28O₇₂] · nH₂O
Terranovaite	(Na,Ca)₈(Si₆₈Al₁₂)O₁₆₀ · 29H₂O	Orth.
Thomsonite-Ca	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
Thomsonite-Sr	Na(Sr,Ca)₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 7H₂O	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
Tschernichite	(Ca,Na₂)[Al₂Si₄O₁₂] · 4-8H₂O	Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/mmm
Tschörtnerite	Ca₄(Ca,Sr,K,Ba)₃Cu₃[Al₃Si₃O₁₂]₄(OH)₈ · nH₂O	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
UM1996-38-SiO:AlCaHNa	Na-Ca-Al-Si-O-H
UM1999-33-SiO:AlHKNa	K₇Na₅Al₁₂Si₂₀O₆₄ · 24H₂O
UM2002-40-SiO:AlCaHKMgNa	(Mg,Ca,Na,K)_7.5(Al_12.8Si_51.2)O₁₂₈ · 65H₂O	Tet. 4 2 2 : P4₁ 2 2
Unnamed (Ca analogue of Merlinoite)	(Ca,K,Na)₅(Ca,Ba)₂Al₉Si₂₃O₆₄ · 23H₂O ?
Wairakite	Ca(Al₂Si₄O₁₂) · 2H₂O	Mon. 2/m
Weinebeneite	CaBe₃(PO₄)₂(OH)₂ · 4H₂O	Mon.
Wenkite	(Ba,K)₄(Ca,Na)₆[(Si,Al)₂₀O₃₉(OH)₂](SO₄)₃ · 0.5H₂O	Hex.
Willhendersonite	KCa[Al₃Si₃O₁₂] · 5H₂O	Tric.
Yugawaralite	CaAl₂Si₆O₁₆ · 4H₂O	Mon.

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping Hide

9.GB.05	Ammonioleucite	(NH₄)(AlSi₂O₆)	Tet.
9.GB.05	Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O	Tric. 1 : P1
9.GB.05	Hsianghualite	Ca₃Li₂(Be₃Si₃O₁₂)F₂	Iso. 4 3 2 : I4₁ 3 2
9.GB.05	Lithosite	K₆Al₄Si₈O₂₅ · 2H₂O	Mon.
9.GB.05	Leucite	K(AlSi₂O₆)	Tet. 4/m : I4₁/a
9.GB.05	Pollucite	(Cs,Na)₂(Al₂Si₄O₁₂) · 2H₂O	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
9.GB.05	Wairakite	Ca(Al₂Si₄O₁₂) · 2H₂O	Mon. 2/m
9.GB.10	Laumontite	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.GB.15	Yugawaralite	CaAl₂Si₆O₁₆ · 4H₂O	Mon.
9.GB.20	Roggianite	Ca₂Be(OH)₂Al₂Si₄O₁₃ · 2.5H₂O	Tet.
9.GB.25	Goosecreekite	Ca[Al₂Si₆O₁₆] · 5H₂O	Mon.
9.GB.30	Montesommaite	(K,Na)₉Al₉Si₂₃O₆₄ · 10H₂O	Orth.
9.GB.35	Parthéite	Ca₂(Si₄Al₄) O₁₅ (OH)₂ · 4H₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/b

Related Minerals - Dana Grouping (8th Ed.)Hide

77.1.1.1	Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O	Tric. 1 : P1
77.1.1.2	Pollucite	(Cs,Na)₂(Al₂Si₄O₁₂) · 2H₂O	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
77.1.1.3	Wairakite	Ca(Al₂Si₄O₁₂) · 2H₂O	Mon. 2/m
77.1.1.4	Laumontite	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
77.1.1.5	Hsianghualite	Ca₃Li₂(Be₃Si₃O₁₂)F₂	Iso. 4 3 2 : I4₁ 3 2

Fluorescence of KirchhoffiteHide

In UV light:

Not fluorescent

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for KirchhoffiteHide

Reference List:

Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)

Agakhanov, A.A., Pautov, L.A., Karpenko, V.Yu., Sokolova, E., Hawthorne, F.C. (2010) Kirchhoffite IMA 2009-094, CNMNC Newsletter. Mineralogical Magazine: 74: 375-377.

Belakovskiy, D., Cámara, F., Diego Gatta, G. (2014) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 99: 870-875.

Internet Links for KirchhoffiteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-40071.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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External Links:

Look for Kirchhoffite on Webmineral

Look for Kirchhoffite on Wikipedia

Look for Kirchhoffite on Mineralien Atlas

Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

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Localities for KirchhoffiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (eg from pseudomorphs.)

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.

Tajikistan (TL)

Districts of Republican Subordination

ⓘ Dara-i-Pioz Glacier (Dara-Pioz) (TL)

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Kirchhoffite

About KirchhoffiteHide

Classification of KirchhoffiteHide

Physical Properties of KirchhoffiteHide

Optical Data of KirchhoffiteHide

Chemical Properties of KirchhoffiteHide

Crystallography of KirchhoffiteHide

Crystal StructureHide

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Type Occurrence of KirchhoffiteHide

Synonyms of KirchhoffiteHide

Other Language Names for KirchhoffiteHide

Relationship of Kirchhoffite to other SpeciesHide

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz GroupingHide

Related Minerals - Dana Grouping (8th Ed.)Hide

Fluorescence of KirchhoffiteHide

Other InformationHide

References for KirchhoffiteHide

Internet Links for KirchhoffiteHide

Localities for KirchhoffiteHide

Locality ListHide

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping Hide