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Vauxite

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Vauxite

Siglo Veinte Mine, Llallagua, Rafael Bustillo Province, Potosí Department, Bolivia
Vauxite

Siglo Veinte Mine, Llallagua, Rafael Bustillo Province, Potosí Department, Bolivia
Vauxite, etc.

Siglo Veinte Mine, Llallagua, Rafael Bustillo Province, Potosí Department, Bolivia
Vauxite

Siglo Veinte Mine, Llallagua, Rafael Bustillo Province, Potosí Department, Bolivia
Vauxite

Siglo Veinte Mine, Llallagua, Rafael Bustillo Province, Potosí Department, Bolivia
Vauxite, etc.

Siglo Veinte Mine, Llallagua, Rafael Bustillo Province, Potosí Department, Bolivia
Vauxite

Siglo Veinte Mine, Llallagua, Rafael Bustillo Province, Potosí Department, Bolivia
Vauxite

Siglo Veinte Mine, Llallagua, Rafael Bustillo Province, Potosí Department, Bolivia
George Vaux, Jr.
Formula:
Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O
System:
Triclinic
Colour:
Sky-blue, dark blue; ...
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
3½
Name:
Named after George Vaux, Jr. (December 18, 1863 - October 24, 1927), attorney and mineral collector of Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania (USA).
A secondary mineral derived from the alteration of apatite.



Classification of Vauxite

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Strunz 8th ed.:
7/D.09-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:
8.DC.35

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
C : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 1:1 and < 2:1
Dana 8th ed.:
42.11.14.1

42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
11 : (AB)3(XO4)2Zq·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:
19.14.23

19 : Phosphates
14 : Phosphates of Fe and other metals

Physical Properties of Vauxite

Lustre:
Vitreous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):
Transparent
Colour:
Sky-blue, dark blue; pale blue in transmitted light.
Streak:
White
Hardness (Mohs):
3½
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
Density:
2.39 - 2.4 g/cm3 (Measured)    2.4 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Vauxite

Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.551 nβ = 1.555 nγ = 1.562
2V:
Measured: 32°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.011
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Low
Dispersion:
r > v weak
Pleochroism:
Strong
Comments:
X = Z = Colourless
Y = Blue

Chemical Properties of Vauxite

Formula:
Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O
Elements listed in formula:
Al, Fe, H, O, P - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of Vauxite

Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.142 Å, b = 11.599 Å, c = 6.158 Å
α = 98.29°, β = 91.93°, γ = 108.27°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.788 : 1 : 0.531
Unit Cell Volume:
V 611.42 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Crystals tabular {010}, elongated [001] or [101]. May exhibit may forms, including {010}, {110}, {111}, {101}, {111}, {101}, and {140}. Forms radial to subparallel aggregates; nodular.
Twinning:
on {010}, twin and composition plane.

Occurrences of Vauxite

Type Occurrence of Vauxite

Type Locality:
Siglo Veinte Mine (Siglo XX Mine; Llallagua Mine; Catavi), Llallagua, Rafael Bustillo Province (Bustillos Province), Potosí Department, Bolivia
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
U.S. National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA: #97561, #103542.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Hydrothermal tin veins.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
WavelliteParavauxite

Relationship of Vauxite to other Species

Common Associates:
Wavellite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
8.DC.05NissoniteCu2Mg2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 5H2O
8.DC.07EuchroiteCu2(AsO4)(OH) · 3H2O
8.DC.10LegranditeZn2(AsO4)(OH) · H2O
8.DC.12StrashimiriteCu8(AsO4)4(OH)4 · 5H2O
8.DC.15ArthuriteCuFe23+(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
8.DC.15EarlshannoniteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
8.DC.15OjuelaiteZnFe23+(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
8.DC.15WhitmoreiteFe2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
8.DC.15Cobaltarthurite(Co,Mg)Fe23+(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
8.DC.15BendadaiteFe2+Fe23+(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
8.DC.15KunatiteCuFe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
8.DC.15UKI-2006-(PO:FeHZn)ZnFe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
8.DC.15UKI-2006-(PO:AlCuFeH)Fe2+Al23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
8.DC.17KleemaniteZnAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 3H2O
8.DC.20BermaniteMn2+Mn23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
8.DC.20CoralloiteMn2+Mn23+(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
8.DC.22KovdorskiteMg2(PO4)(OH) · 3H2O
8.DC.25FerristrunziteFe3+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
8.DC.25FerrostrunziteFe2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O
8.DC.25MetavauxiteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
8.DC.25MetavivianiteFe2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O
8.DC.25StrunziteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O
8.DC.27BerauniteFe2+Fe53+(PO4)4(OH)5 · 6H2O
8.DC.30GordoniteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
8.DC.30LaueiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
8.DC.30MangangordoniteMn2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
8.DC.30ParavauxiteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
8.DC.30PseudolaueiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
8.DC.30SigloiteFe3+Al2(PO4)2(OH)3 · 7H2O
8.DC.30StewartiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
8.DC.30UshkoviteMgFe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
8.DC.30FerrolaueiteFe2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
8.DC.30Kastningite(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
8.DC.30MaghrebiteMgAl2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
8.DC.30NordgauiteMnAl2(PO4)2(F,OH)2 · 5H2O
8.DC.32TinticiteFe3+5.34(PO4)3.62(VO4)0.38(OH)4 · 6.7H2O
8.DC.37VantasseliteAl4(PO4)3(OH)3 · 9H2O
8.DC.40CacoxeniteFe243+Al(PO4)17O6(OH)12 · 17H2O
8.DC.45Gormanite(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
8.DC.45Souzalite(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
8.DC.47KingiteAl3(PO4)2F2(OH) · 7H2O
8.DC.50WavelliteAl3(PO4)2(OH,F)3 · 5H2O
8.DC.50AllanpringiteFe33+(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
8.DC.52KribergiteAl5(PO4)3(SO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O
8.DC.55MapimiteZn2Fe33+(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 10H2O
8.DC.57OgdensburgiteCa2Fe43+(Zn,Mn2+)(AsO4)4(OH)6 · 6H2O
8.DC.60Nevadaite(Cu2+,Al,V3+)6Al8(PO4)8F8(OH)2 · 22H2O
8.DC.60CloncurryiteCu0.5(VO)0.5Al2(PO4)2F2 · 5H2O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
19.14.1CyriloviteNaFe33+(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
19.14.2KidwelliteNaFe3+9+x(PO4)6(OH)11 · 3H2O, x = 0.33
19.14.3Rosemaryite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe2+)(Fe3+,Mg)Al(PO4)3
19.14.4Wyllieite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
19.14.5Ferrowyllieite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Fe,Mn)(Fe,Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
19.14.6NatrodufréniteNaFe2+Fe53+(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
19.14.7LeucophosphiteKFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O
19.14.8Spheniscidite(NH4,K)(Fe3+,Al)2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O
19.14.9BurangaiteNaFe2+Al5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
19.14.10Satterlyite(Fe2+,Mg,Fe)12(PO4)5(PO3OH)(OH,O)6
19.14.11UshkoviteMgFe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.14.12Garyansellite(Mg,Fe)3(PO4)2(OH,O) · 1.5H2O
19.14.13ThadeuiteCa(Mg,Fe2+)3(PO4)2(OH,F)2
19.14.14AnapaiteCa2Fe2+(PO4)2 · 4H2O
19.14.15XanthoxeniteCa4Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)2 · 3H2O
19.14.16CalcioferriteCa2Fe23+(PO4)3(OH) · 7H2O
19.14.17MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
19.14.18MélonjosephiteCaFe2+Fe3+(PO4)2(OH)
19.14.19DelvauxiteCaFe4(PO4,SO4)2(OH)8 · 4-6H2O not confirmed ·
19.14.20CollinsiteCa2(Mg,Fe2+)(PO4)2 · 2H2O
19.14.21SegeleriteCa2 Mg2 Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.14.22KingsmountiteCa4(Fe2+,Mn2+)Al4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2O
19.14.24MetavauxiteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.14.25ParavauxiteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.14.26SigloiteFe3+Al2(PO4)2(OH)3 · 7H2O
19.14.27CacoxeniteFe243+Al(PO4)17O6(OH)12 · 17H2O
19.14.28KoninckiteFe3+PO4 · 3H2O
19.14.29Lazulite(Mg,Fe2+)Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
19.14.30ScorzaliteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
19.14.31Souzalite(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
19.14.32Gormanite(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
19.14.33ZaïriteBiFe33+(PO4)2(OH)6

Other Names for Vauxite

Name in Other Languages:
German:Vauxit
Russian:Воксит
Spanish:Vauxita

Other Information

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Vauxite

Reference List:
Gordon (1922) Science: 56: 50.

American Mineralogist (1922): 7: 108.

Gordon (1923) Proceedings of the Academy of Sciences, Philadelphia: 75: 261.

Gordon (1944) Proceedings of the Academy of Sciences, Philadelphia: 96: 344.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 974-975.

Baur, W.H. and B. Rama Rao (1968) The crystal structure and the chemical composition of vauxite. American Mineralogist (1968): 53: 1025-1028.

Blanchard, F.N. and S.A. Abernathy (1980) X-ray powder diffraction data for phosphate minerals: vauxite, metavauxite, vivianite, Mn-heterosite, scorzalite, and lazulite. Florida Scientist, 43, 257–265.

Anthony, J.W., Bideaux, R.A., Bladh, K.W., and Nichols, M.C. (2000) Handbook of Mineralogy, Volume IV. Arsenates, Phosphates, Vanadates. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, AZ, 680pp.: 625.

T. Djordjević, U. Kolitsch and J. Stojanovic (2011): Crystal structure and hydrogen bonding in vauxite, Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2•6H2O from Vitlovac locality, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Joint Meeting of the DGK, DMG and ÖMG, Salzburg, Austria, September 20-24, 2011; Abstracts Volume, p. 136.

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    Localities for Vauxite

    This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) indicates first recorded locality for everything else. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • Córdoba
      • Punilla Department
        • Tanti
    		 Dina, H. (1993). Hentschelita en Cerro Blanco, Tanti, Córdoba. Informacion Tecnologica, 48(3-4), 277-282.
    Bolivia
     
    • Oruro Department
      • Dalence Province
    		Anthony, J.W., Bideaux, R.A., Bladh, K.W., and Nichols, M.C. (2000) Handbook of Mineralogy, Volume IV. Arsenates, Phosphates, Vanadates. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, AZ, 680pp.: 625 (probably erroneous)
    Kempff, O., Paar, W.H., Tawackoli, S.: "Minerales de Bolivia", 115pp (La Paz, 2009)
    • Potosí Department
      • Rafael Bustillo Province (Bustillos Province)
    		Gordon, S. G. (1922). Preliminary Notes on Vauxite and Paravauxite. Science, 50.
    American Mineralogist (1922) 7, 107-108.
    Bosnia and Herzegovina
     
    • Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
      • Tuzla Canton
        • Srebrenica
    		T. Djordjević, U. Kolitsch and J. Stojanovic (2011): Crystal structure and hydrogen bonding in vauxite, Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2•6H2O from Vitlovac locality, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Joint Meeting of the DGK, DMG and ÖMG, Salzburg, Austria, September 20-24, 2011; Abstracts Volume, p. 136.; Radosavljević, S., Đorđević, D., Stojanović, J., Radosavljević-Mihajlović, A., & Kašić, V. (2014). Srebrenica Orefield, Podrinje Metallogenic District, Republic of Srpska, B&h: Hydrated Fe (Al)-phosphates and Their Parageneses Within the Pb-Zn Mineralization. Архив за техничке науке, 1(11), 1-6.
    Canada
     
    • Northwest Territories
      • Mackenzie District
        • Fort Norman
    		Battler, M. M., Osinski, G. R., Lim, D. S., Davila, A. F., Michel, F. A., Craig, M. A., ... & Preston, L. J. (2013). Characterization of the acidic cold seep emplaced jarositic Golden Deposit, NWT, Canada, as an analogue for jarosite deposition on Mars. Icarus, 224(2), 382-398.
    Germany
     
    • Bavaria
      • Upper Palatinate
        • Neustadt an der Waldnaab
          • Reinhardsrieth
    		Harald G. Dill and Radek Skoda (2015) The new Nb–P aplite at Reinhardsrieth: A keystone in the lateral and depth zonations of the Hagendorf–Pleystein Pegmatite Field, SE Germany. Ore Geology Reviews 70:208–227.
    Spain
     
    • Aragón
      • Teruel
        • Castellote
    		Bauluz, B., Gasca, J. M., Moreno‐Azanza, M., & Canudo, J. I. (2014). Unusual replacement of biogenic apatite by aluminium phosphate phases in dinosaur teeth from the Early Cretaceous of Spain. Lethaia, 47(4), 556-566.
    USA
     
    • Pennsylvania
      • Snyder Co.
        • Perry Township
          • Mount Pleasant Mills
            • Lime Ridge
    		K. Cabaniss & L.E. Kearns (2011) The 38th Rochester Mineralogical Symposium, April 14-17, 2011, lecture abstracts, page 13.
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