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Wonesite

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Wonesite

Post Pond Volcanics, Mt Cube Quadrangle, Norwich, Windsor Co., Vermont, USA
Wonesite

Post Pond Volcanics, Mt Cube Quadrangle, Norwich, Windsor Co., Vermont, USA
Wonesite

Post Pond Volcanics, Mt Cube Quadrangle, Norwich, Windsor Co., Vermont, USA
Wonesite

Post Pond Volcanics, Mt Cube Quadrangle, Norwich, Windsor Co., Vermont, USA
Wonesite

Post Pond Volcanics, Mt Cube Quadrangle, Norwich, Windsor Co., Vermont, USA
Wonesite

Post Pond Volcanics, Mt Cube Quadrangle, Norwich, Windsor Co., Vermont, USA
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About WonesiteHide

David R. Wones
Formula:
(Na,K)(Mg,Fe,Al)6((Al,Si)4O10)2(OH,F)4
Colour:
Golden yellow-brown
Lustre:
Sub-Vitreous, Greasy
Hardness:
2½ - 3
Specific Gravity:
2.89 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in 1981 by Frank S. Spear, Robert M. Hazen, and Douglas Rumble III in honor of David R. Wones [July 13, 1932 San Francisco, California, USA - October 25, 1984 Reston, Virginia], experimental petrologist, U.S. Geological Survey and Professor of Geology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, USA.
Isostructural with:
Annite, Phlogopite
Mica Group.


Classification of WonesiteHide

IMA status:
Approved
First Published:
1981
Strunz 8th ed.:
8/H.13-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:
9.EC.20

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
C : Phyllosilicates with mica sheets, composed of tetrahedral and octahedral nets
Dana 8th ed.:
71.2.2b.14

71 : PHYLLOSILICATES Sheets of Six-Membered Rings
2 : Sheets of 6-membered rings with 2:1 layers
Hey's CIM Ref.:
16.20.6

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
20 : Aluminosilicates of Fe, Mg and alkalis

Physical Properties of WonesiteHide

Lustre:
Sub-Vitreous, Greasy
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Golden yellow-brown
Streak:
White
Hardness:
2½ - 3 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Flexible
Cleavage:
Perfect
{001}
Fracture:
Micaceous
Density:
2.89 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of WonesiteHide

Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.544 nβ = 1.608 nγ = 1.608
Birefringence:
0.064
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.064
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
weak
Optical Extinction:
Parallel
Pleochroism:
Strong
Comments:
X pale brown Y,Z dark brown
Comments:
Bird's Eye Maple extinction; resembles biotite, RI similar to phlogopite

Chemical Properties of WonesiteHide

Formula:
(Na,K)(Mg,Fe,Al)6((Al,Si)4O10)2(OH,F)4
IMA Formula:
(Na,K,◻)(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH,F)4
Elements listed:
Al, F, Fe, H, K, Mg, Na, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Ti,Cr,Mn,Ca,H2O

Crystallography of WonesiteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.312 Å, b = 9.163 Å, c = 9.825 Å
β = 103.18°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.58 : 1 : 1.072
Unit Cell V:
465.62 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Anhedral plates
Twinning:
Twin plane (001) with twin axis [310]

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
data set never published(
(
9.62 (100)
Comments:
1Md polytype; extensive epitaxy of mutually occurring phlogopite and talc created ambiguities in peak selection for wonesite.

Type Occurrence of WonesiteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Post Pond Volcanics, Mt Cube Quadrangle, Norwich, Windsor Co., Vermont, USA
General Appearance of Type Material:
Coarse (~0.25-0.5 cm) intergrown plates of flat sheets.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 127103, 127104.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 145724, 162422-162428.
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1982,117.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
In metavolcanics with high Mg:Fe, moderate sodium, and very little calcium, metamorphosed at an estimated 535C.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
TalcQuartzPhlogopiteOligoclaseGedrite
CordieriteChlorite GroupAnthophyllite

Other Language Names for WonesiteHide

German:Wonesit
Spanish:Wonesita

Relationship of Wonesite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Trioctahedral micas Group > Mica Group
Other Members of this group:
AspidoliteNaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
BalestraiteKLi2V5+Si4O12Mon. 2 : B2
BiotiteA series or subgroup of the Mica Group.
EphesiteLiNaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Tric.
HendricksiteK(Zn,Mg,Mn2+)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
LepidoliteA Li-rich mica in, or close to, the so-called Polylithionite-Trilithionite series.Mon.
Masutomilite(K,Rb)(Li,Mn3+,Al)3(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2Mon.
NorrishiteKLiMn3+2(Si4O10)O2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
PolylithioniteKLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
PreiswerkiteNaMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.
ShirozuliteK(Mn2+,Mg)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
SokolovaiteCsLi2Al(Si4O10)F2Mon.
Suhailite(NH4)Fe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon.
TrilithioniteK(Li1.5Al1.5)(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
ZinnwalditeMica Group.

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz GroupingHide

9.EC.05MinnesotaiteFe2+3Si4O10(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.05TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.05WillemseiteNi3Si4O10(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.10FerripyrophylliteFe3+Si2O5(OH)Mon.
9.EC.10PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2Tric. 1
9.EC.15BoromuscoviteKAl2(BSi3O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.15CeladoniteK(Mg,Fe2+)Fe3+(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15Chernykhite(Ba,Na)(V3+,Al,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.15Montdorite(K,Na)2(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)5(Si4O10)2(OH,F)4
9.EC.15MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15NanpingiteCsAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH,F)2Mon.
9.EC.15ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.15RoscoeliteK(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15Tobelite(NH4,K)Al2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.15AluminoceladoniteK(Mg,Fe2+)Al(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.15ChromphylliteK(Cr,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15FerroaluminoceladoniteK(Fe2+,Mg)(Al,Fe3+)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15FerroceladoniteK(Fe2+,Mg)(Fe3+,Al)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15ChromceladoniteK(Mg,Fe2+)(Cr,Al)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.15TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon.
9.EC.15Ganterite(Ba,Na,K)(Al,Mg)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.20AnniteKFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20EphesiteLiNaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Tric.
9.EC.20HendricksiteK(Zn,Mg,Mn2+)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20Masutomilite(K,Rb)(Li,Mn3+,Al)3(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2Mon.
9.EC.20NorrishiteKLiMn3+2(Si4O10)O2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20PolylithioniteKLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.20PreiswerkiteNaMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.20SiderophylliteKFe2+2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.20TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2
9.EC.20FluorotetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20EastoniteKMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.20TetraferrianniteKFe2+3((Fe3+,Al)Si3O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.20TrilithioniteK(Li1.5Al1.5)(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.20FluoranniteKFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2Mon.
9.EC.20ShirokshiniteKNaMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20ShirozuliteK(Mn2+,Mg)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20SokolovaiteCsLi2Al(Si4O10)F2Mon.
9.EC.20AspidoliteNaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20FluorophlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20UM2004-49-SiO:AlCsFHKLi(Cs,K)(Al,Li)2.6((Si,Al)4O10)(F,OH)2
9.EC.20Suhailite(NH4)Fe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20YangzhumingiteKMg2.5(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20OrloviteKLi2Ti(Si4O10)OFMon. 2 : B2
9.EC.20OxyphlogopiteK(Mg,Ti,Fe)3[(Si,Al)4O10](O,F)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.30MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.35Anandite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3((Si,Al,Fe)4O10)(S,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.35BityiteLiCaAl2(AlBeSi2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.35ClintoniteCa(Mg,Al)3(Al3SiO10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35Kinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Mg,Mn2+,Al)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.35Ferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2Mon.
9.EC.35Oxykinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Mg,Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(O,OH,F)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35FluorokinoshitaliteBaMg3(Al2Si2O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.40Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.40Kurumsakite(Zn,Ni,Cu)8Al8V5+2Si5O35 · 27H2O (?)
9.EC.40Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.40NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.40VolkonskoiteCa0.3(Cr,Mg,Fe)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
9.EC.40Yakhontovite(Ca,Na)0.5(Cu,Fe,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · 3H2OMon.
9.EC.45HectoriteNa0.3(Mg,Li)3(Si4O10)(F,OH)2Mon.
9.EC.45SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.45SauconiteNa0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
9.EC.45SpadaiteMgSiO2(OH)2 · H2O (?)
9.EC.45Stevensite(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.45SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)4((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.45ZincsiliteZn3(Si4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
9.EC.45FerrosaponiteCa0.3(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O
9.EC.50VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2OMon. 2/m
9.EC.55Baileychlore(Zn,Fe2+,Al,Mg)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8Tric. 1
9.EC.55Chamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8Mon.
9.EC.55ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.55Cookeite(Al2Li)Al2(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m
9.EC.55FranklinfurnaceiteCa2Fe3+Mn2+3Mn3+(Zn2Si2O10)(OH)8Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.55Gonyerite(Mn2+,Mg)5Fe3+(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH)8
9.EC.55Nimite(Ni,Mg,Al)6((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)8Mon.
9.EC.55Orthochamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH,O)8
9.EC.55PennantiteMn2+5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Tric.
9.EC.55SudoiteMg2Al3(Si3Al)O10)(OH)8Mon.
9.EC.55DonbassiteAl4.33(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.55GlagoleviteNa(Mg,Al)6(AlSi3O10)(OH,O)8Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.55BorocookeiteLi1+3xAl4-x(BSi3O10)(OH)8
9.EC.60AliettiteCa0.2Mg6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 4H2OMon.
9.EC.60Corrensite(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2OOrth.
9.EC.60DozyiteMg7Al2(Al2Si4O15)(OH)12Mon.
9.EC.60HydrobiotiteK(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.60Karpinskite(Ni,Mg)2Si2O5(OH)2 (?)
9.EC.60KulkeiteMg8Al(AlSi7O20)(OH)10Mon.
9.EC.60LunijianlaiteLi0.7Al6.2(AlSi7O20)(OH,O)10Mon.
9.EC.60Rectorite(Na,Ca)Al4((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 2H2OMon.
9.EC.60Saliotite(Li,Na)Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)5Mon.
9.EC.60TosuditeNa0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2OMon. 2 : B2
9.EC.60BrinrobertsiteNa0.3Al4(Si4O10)2(OH)4 · 3.5 H2OMon.
9.EC.65Macaulayite(Fe,Al)24Si4O43(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.70BurckhardtitePb2(Fe3+Te6+)[AlSi3O8]O6Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3 1m
9.EC.75Ferrisurite(Pb,Ca)2.4Fe3+2(Si4O10)(CO3)1.7(OH)3 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.75Surite(Pb,Ca)3(Al,Fe2+,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(CO3)2(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.75Niksergievite(Ba,Ca)2Al3(AlSi3O10)(CO3)(OH)6 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.80KegelitePb8Al4(Si8O20)(SO4)2(CO3)4(OH)8Mon.

Related Minerals - Dana Grouping (8th Ed.)Hide

71.2.2b.1PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
71.2.2b.3AnniteKFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
71.2.2b.4TetraferrianniteKFe2+3((Fe3+,Al)Si3O10)(OH)2Mon.
71.2.2b.5SiderophylliteKFe2+2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.
71.2.2b.6HendricksiteK(Zn,Mg,Mn2+)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
71.2.2b.8PolylithioniteKLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
71.2.2b.9TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon.
71.2.2b.11NorrishiteKLiMn3+2(Si4O10)O2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
71.2.2b.12Masutomilite(K,Rb)(Li,Mn3+,Al)3(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2Mon.
71.2.2b.13Sodium PhlogopiteNaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
71.2.2b.15PreiswerkiteNaMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.
71.2.2b.16EphesiteLiNaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Tric.

Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals GroupingHide

16.20.1Glaucophane◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2Mon.
16.20.2Sodium-anthophyllite{Na}{Mg2}{Mg5}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
16.20.3Sodium Gedrite{Na}{Mg2}{Mg3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2
16.20.4CrossiteMon.
16.20.5Ferro-eckermanniteNaNa2(Fe2+4Al)Si8O22(OH)2Mon.
16.20.8LennilenapeiteK6-7(Mg,Mn,Fe,Zn)48(Si,Al)72(O,OH)216 · 16H2OTric.
16.20.9Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe2+,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2OTric. 1 : P1
16.20.10Glauconite(K,Na)(Fe3+,Al,Mg)2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for WonesiteHide

Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Spear, F.S., Hazen, R.M., Rumble, D., III (1977) Sodium trioctahedral mica: A possible new rock-forming silicate from the Post Pond Volcanics, Vermont. Carnegie Institution of Washington Year Book: 77: 808-811.
Spear, F.S., Hazen, R.M., Rumble, D., III (1981) Wonesite: a new rock-forming silicate from the Post Pond Volcanics, Vermont. American Mineralogist: 66: 100-105.
Veblen, D.R. (1983) Exosolution and crystal chemistry of the sodium mica wonesite. American Mineralogist: 68: 554-565.
Veblen, D.R. (1983) Microstructures and mixed layering in intergrown wonesite, chlorite, talc, biotite, and kaolinite. American Mineralogist: 68: 566-580.
Rieder, M., Cavazzini, G., D’Yakonov, Y.S., Frank-Kamenetskii, V.A., Gottardt, G., Guggenheim, S., Koval, P.V., Muller, G., Neiva, A.M.R., Radoslovich, E.W., Robert, J.L., Sassi, F.P., Takeda, H., Weiss, Z., Wones, D.R. (1998) Nomenclature of the micas. The Canadian Mineralogist: 36: 905-912.
Kogure, T., Miyawaki, R., Banno, Y. (2005) The true structure of wonesite, an interlayer-deficient trioctahedal sodium mica. American Mineralogist: 90: 725-731.

Internet Links for WonesiteHide

Localities for WonesiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (eg from pseudomorphs.)

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Greece
 
  • South Aegean
    • Thira
      • Santorini Island
        • Theoskepasti
Sales list 2013-01 Gunnar Färber
Spain
 
  • Andalusia
    • Málaga
      • Carratraca
        • Los Jarales
José M. González-Jiménez, Claudio Marchesi, William L. Griffin, Fernando Gervilla, Elena A. Belousova, Carlos J. Garrido, Rurik Romero, Cristina Talavera, Mathieu Leisen, Suzanne Y. O’Reilly , Fernando Barra and Laure Martin . (2017). Zircon recycling and crystallization during formation of chromite- and Ni-arsenide ores in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle (Serranía de Ronda, Spain). Ore Geology Reviews, 90, 193-209.
      • Ojén
        • Ojén lherzolite massif
 José M. González-Jiménez, Claudio Marchesi, William L. Griffin, Fernando Gervilla, Elena A. Belousova, Carlos J. Garrido, Rurik Romero, Cristina Talavera, Mathieu Leisen, Suzanne Y. O’Reilly , Fernando Barra and Laure Martin . (2017). Zircon recycling and crystallization during formation of chromite- and Ni-arsenide ores in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle (Serranía de Ronda, Spain). Ore Geology Reviews, 90, 193-209.
Gervilla, F., Gutiérrez-Narbona, R., & Fenoll-Hach-Alí, P. (2002). The origin of different types of magmatic mineralizations from small-volume melts in the lherzolite massifs of the Serranía de Ronda. Boletín de la Sociedad Espanola de Mineralogía, 25, 79-96.
USA
 
  • Vermont
    • Windsor Co.
Rocks & Min. Vol. 71, (1996)
        • Mt Cube Quadrangle
Amer.Min.(1981) 66, 100-105
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