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Beyerite

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Beyerite

Schneeberg District, Erzgebirge, Saxony, Germany
Beyerite

Mesopotamia 504 Farm, Mesopotamia Copper Valley, Khorixas District, Kunene Region, Namibia
Beyerite

Mesopotamia 504 Farm, Mesopotamia Copper Valley, Khorixas District, Kunene Region, Namibia
Beyerite

Schneeberg District, Erzgebirge, Saxony, Germany
Beyerite

Mesopotamia 504 Farm, Mesopotamia Copper Valley, Khorixas District, Kunene Region, Namibia
Beyerite

Mesopotamia 504 Farm, Mesopotamia Copper Valley, Khorixas District, Kunene Region, Namibia
Beyerite

Schneeberg District, Erzgebirge, Saxony, Germany
Beyerite

Mesopotamia 504 Farm, Mesopotamia Copper Valley, Khorixas District, Kunene Region, Namibia
Formula:
Ca(BiO)2(CO3)2
System:
Orthorhombic
Colour:
White to bright yellow, ...
Lustre:
Adamantine
Hardness:
2 - 3
Name:
Named after Adolph Beyer (1743-1805), mining engineer of Schneeberg, Saxony, who recognized the occurrence of a bismuth carbonate, bismutite, in nature.
An uncommon secondary Ca-Bi carbonate visually indistinguishable from Bismutite and Kettnerite.


Classification of Beyerite

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Strunz 8th ed.:
5/0.0-40
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:
5.BE.35

5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
B : Carbonates with additional anions, without H2O
E : With Pb, Bi
Dana 8th ed.:
16a.2.3.1

16a : ANHYDROUS CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
2 : (AB)3(XO3)2Zq
Hey's CIM Ref.:
11.10.2

11 : Carbonates
10 : Carbonates of Bi

Physical Properties of Beyerite

Lustre:
Adamantine
Colour:
White to bright yellow, or greyish-green, grey; light yellow to colourless in transmitted light.
Streak:
white
Hardness (Mohs):
2 - 3
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
6.56 g/cm3 (Measured)    6.47 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Beyerite

Type:
Uniaxial (-)
RI values:
nω = 2.130 nε = 1.970
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.160
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Comments:
Anomalous biaxial character exhibited in some crystals with a very small 2V.

Chemical Properties of Beyerite

Formula:
Ca(BiO)2(CO3)2
IMA Formula:
CaBi2O2(CO3)2
Elements listed in formula:
Bi, C, Ca, O - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of Beyerite

Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Immm
Cell Parameters:
a = 3.7725 Å, b = 3.7742 Å, c = 21.726 Å
α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1 : 1 : 5.756
Unit Cell Volume:
V 309.4 ų
Z:
2
Morphology:
Rectangular plates flattened {001} forming spherical and radial-fibrous structures. Compact earthy masses.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
3.632 (6)
3.354 (6)
2.851 (10)
2.721 (9)
1.755 (8)
1.688 (7)
1.530 (8)

Type Occurrence of Beyerite

Type Locality:
ⓘ Schneeberg District, Erzgebirge, Saxony, Germany

Relationship of Beyerite to other Species

Common Associates:
Bismutite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
5.BE.XAbellaiteNaPb2(CO3)2(OH)
5.BE.05ShannonitePb2OCO3
5.BE.10HydrocerussitePb3(CO3)2(OH)2
5.BE.15PlumbonacritePb5O(OH)2(CO3)3
5.BE.20PhosgenitePb2CO3Cl2
5.BE.25Bismutite(BiO)2CO3
5.BE.30KettneriteCaBiCO3OF
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
11.10.1Bismutite(BiO)2CO3

Other Names for Beyerite

Name in Other Languages:
German:Beyerit
Spanish:Beyerita

Other Information

Other Information:
Readily soluble in acids with effervescence.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Beyerite

Reference List:
Larsen, E.S. (1921) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin 679: 49 (on Bismutosphaerite believed to be beyerite).

Frondel, C. (1943): Mineralogy of the oxides and carbonates of bismuth. American Mineralogist 28, 521-535.

Heinrich (1947) American Mineralogist: 32: 660.

Lagercrantz and Sillén (1948) Arkiv för Kemi, Mineralogi och Geologi, Stockholm: 25: 1.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 281-282.

Arkiv för Kemi, Mineralogi och Geologi: 25A: 1-21.

Grice (2002): A solution to the crystal structures of bismutite and beyerite. Can. Mineral. 40, 693-698.

Internet Links for Beyerite

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    • Localities for Beyerite

    This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) indicates first recorded locality for everything else. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • San Luis
      • Chacabuco department
        • Sierra de la Estranzuela
    		Handbook of Mineralogy
    Australia
     
    • Queensland
      • Cloncurry Shire
        • Cloncurry
          • Malbon
    		Neil A. Richards 2005.
    • South Australia
      • Eyre Peninsula
        • Middleback Range
          • Iron Knob
    		Australian Jour.Min. v.6, no. 1
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Friesach - Hüttenberg area
        • Hüttenberg
    		Taucher, J. (1994): Beyerit vom Hüttenberger Erzberg, Kärnten. Matrixx - Mineralogische Nachrichten aus Österreich, Band 3, 17-18.; G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
    • Salzburg
      • Hohe Tauern
        • Gastein valley
          • Naßfeld valley
            • Kreuzkogel massif
              • Radhausberg
    		Niedermayr et al. (2006): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LV. – Carinthia II, 196./116.: 121-157.
        • Habach valley
          • Nasenkopf
            • Leckbachgraben (Leckbachrinne)
    		Bayerl, R. (2004): Krupkait, ein Erstfund aus dem Habachtal. Lapis 29 (7-8), 54-56. (in German)
    Lapis 25(12):42 (2000)
        • Hollersbach valley
          • Scharnbachgraben
    		Kolitsch, U., Poeverlein, R. & Gröbner, J. (2009): 1584) Weitere Nachweise von Sekundärmineralien aus den alpinen Sulfidvererzungen von Bärenbad im Hollerbachtal: Beyerit, Ferrimolybdit und Skorodit; Salzburg. Pp. 206-207 in: Niedermayr, G. et al. (2009): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LVIII. Carinthia II, 199/119, 189-236.
    Canada
     
    • Québec
      • Outaouais
        • Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais RCM
          • Val-des-Monts
            • Lac Saint-Pierre (Wakefield Lake)
    		Miles, N. M., Hogarth, D.D. & Russell, D.S. (1971): Wakefieldite, yttrium vanadate, a new mineral from Quebec. American Mineralogist. 56, 395-410
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Hradec Králové Region
        • Náchod (Nachod)
    		Černý, P., Doubek, Z., Veselovský, F.: Nerosty z Bělovsi u Náchoda – Jiráskova lomu. Minerál, roč. 11, č. 6, s. 406-418.
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Jáchymov District (St Joachimsthal)
            • Jáchymov (St Joachimsthal)
    		[Mineralogical Record 29:164]
    Lapis 2002(7/8), 46
    France
     
    • Grand Est
      • Vosges
        • Val-d'Ajol
          • Faymont
    		- ESCANDE, J.-C., JOHAN, Z., LOUGNON, J., PICOT, P. & PILLARD, F. (1973): Note sur la présence de minéraux de bismuth dans un filon de barytine et fluorine à Faymont, près Le Val-d'Ajol (Vosges). - Bull. Soc. fr. Minéral. Cristallogr. 96, 398-399. - ASSELBORN, E. (1982): Le filon des roches en Val d'Ajol. - Minéraux et Fossiles 88, 32-37. - FLUCK, P. & STEIN, S. (1992): Espèces minérales des principaux districts miniers du massif vosgien. - Pierres et Terre 35 (December 1992), 120 pp. - L'HEUR, C. & MOREAU, F. (1994): Les minéralisations du filon du Bas Hérival près du Val d`Ajol (Vosges). – Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, 2, 3-14. - HOHL, J. L. (1994): Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien. - Ed. du Rhin, Mulhouse, Frankreich. - U. Kolitsch (1997): New mineral occurrences from some localities in the Vosges, France: Triembach, Bluttenberg and Val d'Ajol. Aufschluss 48 (2), 65-91. (in German) - Favreau, G. et Iltis, A. (2000): Données complémentaires sur les minéraux du Val d'Ajol (Vosges). Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, (1), 39-54.
    - ESCANDE, J.-C., JOHAN, Z., LOUGNON, J., PICOT, P. & PILLARD, F. (1973): Note sur la présence de minéraux de bismuth dans un filon de barytine et fluorine à Faymont, près Le Val-d'Ajol (Vosges). - Bull. Soc. fr. Minéral. Cristallogr. 96, 398-399. - ASSELBORN, E. (1982): Le filon des roches en Val d'Ajol. - Minéraux et Fossiles 88, 32-37. - FLUCK, P. & STEIN, S. (1992): Espèces minérales des principaux districts miniers du massif vosgien. - Pierres et Terre 35 (December 1992), 120 pp. - L'HEUR, C. & MOREAU, F. (1994): Les minéralisations du filon du Bas Hérival près du Val d`Ajol (Vosges). – Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, 2, 3-14. - HOHL, J. L. (1994): Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien. - Ed. du Rhin, Mulhouse, Frankreich. - U. Kolitsch (1997): New mineral occurrences from some localities in the Vosges, France: Triembach, Bluttenberg and Val d'Ajol. Aufschluss 48 (2), 65-91. (in German) - Favreau, G. et Iltis, A. (2000): Données complémentaires sur les minéraux du Val d'Ajol (Vosges). Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, (1), 39-54.
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Baden-Baden
          • Kälbelberg
    		No reference listed
        • Baiersbronn
          • Schönegründ
    		No reference listed
        • Calw
    		Walenta, K. (1992): "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich).; American Mineralogist: 69: 1190
          • Oberreichenbach
    		Gröbner, J. (2003): Eine Wismutvererzung bei Würzbach im Nordschwarzwald. Der Erzgräber 17 (1), 28-32.
        • Freudenstadt
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", Schweizerbart (Stuttgart), 2001
        • Gengenbach
          • Haigerach valley
    		Wittern,A. (1995) Mineralien finden im Schwarzwald
        • Hausach
    		Lapis 23(4), 13-17 (1998)
        • Hornberg
    		Gröbner, J. & Schrenk, D. (2005): Die Mineralien des Tunnels bei Hornberg. Der Erzgräber 19, 17-25. (in German)
        • Schapbach
    		Markl, G. (1996): Wildschapbach: Mineralogie und Lagerstättenkunde des klassischen Schwarzwälder Bergbaureviers. Lapis 21 (11), 13-28. (in German)
    J. Gröbner: Neufunde von der Grube Katharina im Wildschapbach, Der Erzgräber 18 (2/2004), 34-37.
        • Schenkenzell
          • Wittichen
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
        • Wolfach
          • Oberwolfach
            • Rankach valley
    		KOLITSCH, U., GRÖBNER, J. & BAYERL, R. (1995): Die Mineralien der Silber-Antimon-Vererzungen der Grube Clara im Zeitraum 1993 bis 1995. - Erzgräber 9 (2), 61-77.
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Spessart
          • Waldaschaff
    		Lorenz, J., Schmitt, R., Hahn, W. (2007): Rhabdophan und Cuprobismutit von der Barytgrube "Pauline" in Waldaschaff im Spessart, Der Aufschluss, Vol. 58, 41-54
      • Lower Bavaria
        • Röhrnbach
    		Habel, M. (2009): Der Granodioritbruch der Fa. Josef Uhrmann OHG, Steinerleinbach bei Röhrnbach. Mineralien-Welt 20 (2), 66-86.
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz
        • Bad Lauterberg
    		Gröbner, J. & Kloss, D. (2010): Neufunde von der Grube Wolkenhügel bei Bad Lauterberg im Harz. Lapis 35 (1), 39-41; 62.
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Johanngeorgenstadt District
          • Johanngeorgenstadt
    		Gröbner, J., Grimm, O. & Zienau, H. (2005): Neufunde interessanter Wismut- und Uranmineralien am Schaarschacht, Johanngeorgenstadt, Sachsen. Lapis 30 (6), 44-51; 62.
          • Steinbach
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
        • Marienberg District
          • Lauta
    		Hajek, W. (2010): Kristallwelten Marienberg. Weise Verlag, München.
          • Neustädtel
    		Belendorff, K. (2009): Dreyerit und Rhabdophan-(Nd) aus Schneeberg, Erzgebirge. Mineralien-Welt 20 (3), 27-29
    J. Hoppner Collection
    collection Leon Hupperichs, from the Staatliche Mineralien Niederlage Freiberg
    Lapis 30(7/8):41-70 (2005)
    Schlegel, L., Kleeberg, R. & Meisser, N. (1996): Lapis 21(9), 37-41.
          • Wolfgang Maaßen Mine field
    		Lapis 30(7/8):41-70 (2005)
        • Schwarzenberg District
          • Langenberg
    		http://www.dergraul.de
    Gunnar Farber
    • Thuringia
      • Vogtland
        • Hirschberg
          • Ullersreuth
    		T. Witzke et al.: Lapis 2001(12), 13-27
    Greece
     
    • Attikí Prefecture (Attica; Attika)
      • Lavrion District (Laurion; Laurium)
        • Lavrion District Mines
          • Agios Konstantinos [St Constantine] (Kamariza)
            • Kamariza Mines (Kamareza Mines)
              • Hilarion area
    		Solomos, C., Voudouris, P. & Katerinopoulos, A. (2004): Mineralogical studies of bismuth-gold-antimony mineralization at the area of Kamariza, Lavrion. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 34, Proceedings of the 10th International Congress, Thessaloniki, Greece, 387-396 (in Greek with English abstract).
    Fritz Schreiber specimen
    India
     
    • Rajasthan (Rajputana)
      • Ajmer Division
        • Bhilwara District
    		Amer Min (1969) 54:1710-1725
    Italy
     
    • Piedmont
      • Torino Province
        • Canavese District
          • Léssolo
            • Cálea
    		Guastoni, A., Gentile, P. & Zorzi, F. (2015) Beyerite delle miniere di Brosso, Valchiusella, Torino. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 39(1), 32-35.
      • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
        • Ossola Valley
          • Vigezzo Valley
            • Craveggia
              • Rio Vasca
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007): Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
            • Toceno
              • Val di Crana
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    • Tuscany
      • Lucca Province
        • Apuan Alps
          • Vergemoli
            • Fornovolasco
    		Biagioni, C., Orlandi, P., & Bonini, M. (2008). Fornovolasco. Storia e minerali delle miniere di ferro presso Vergemoli (Alpi Apuane). Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 4/2008, 230-252
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Tohoku Region
        • Fukushima Prefecture
    		The Mineral Species of Japan (5th ed) Matsubara
    • Kyushu Region
      • Fukuoka Prefecture
    		Uehara, S. & Y. Shirose (2013), Namibite and hechtsbergite from the Nagatare mine, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences 108,105-110
      • Oita prefecture
        • Saiki City
    		The Mineral Species of Japan (5th ed) Matsubara; Uehara, S., et al (2014) MInerals from Kyushu and Yamaguchi. (Fukuoka Mineral Club, 355 pages)
    Namibia
     
    • Erongo Region
      • Karibib District
        • Okatjimukuju Farm 55 (Friedrichsfelde Farm)
    		P. Keller and O. von Knorring, Eur. J. Mineral. , 1989, 1, pp. 567-593.
    • Kunene Region
      • Kaokoveld Plateau
    		Niedermayr, G., Schnaitmann, E. A., Brandstätter, F. (2008): Das Dioptas-Shattuckit-Vorkommen Kandesei im Kakokoland [sic]. Mineralien-Welt 19, 76-93 (in German).; Bowell, R J et al (2013) Minerals of the Kaokoveld District, Kunene Region, Namibia. Mineralogical Record 44:485-504
      • Khorixas District
        • Mesopotamia Copper Valley
    		Niedermayr, G.(2001): Mesopotamia 504 - die Typlokalität des Namibit. In: S. Jahn, O. Medenbach, G. Niedermayr, G. Schneider: Namibia - Zauberwelt edler Steine und Kristalle (1 and 2nd Edition, in German), 97-99; Niedermayr, G.(2001): Mesopotamia 504 - die Typlokalität des Namibit. In: S. Jahn, O. Medenbach, G. Niedermayr, G. Schneider: Namibia - Zauberwelt edler Steine und Kristalle (1 Edition, in German), 97-99
    Norway
     
    • Telemark
      • Fyresdal
        • Moisesberg Mines
    		Nordrum, F.S. & Larsen, A.O. (1995): Erts- og sekundærmineraler fra De Lampertiske Duers gruve, Moiseberg kobberverk i Fyresdal. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift. 9, 38-41.
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Rudawy Janowickie Mts
        • Czarnów
          • Rędziny
    		Gołębiowska, B., Pieczka, A., Parafiniuk, J. (2011): New data on weathering of bismuth sulfotellurides at Rędziny, Lower Silesia, Southwestern Poland. Mineralogia Special Papers: 38: 95-96
    Portugal
     
    • Évora District
      • Vila Viçosa
        • Conceição
    		Alves, P. (2016) Beyerita y waylandita de la mina Miguel Vacas (Vila Viçosa, Évora, Portugal). Acopios, 7: 9-20.
    • Vila Real District
      • Peso da Régua
        • Galafura
    		Pedro Alves collection and analytical data
    Russia
     
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Northern Karelia
    		[World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]
    Spain
     
    • Andalusia
      • Córdoba
        • Villanueva de Córdoba
    		Schnorrer, G. (2000): Die Minerale der ehemaligen Grube Espuela de San Miguel bei Villanueva de Cordoba, Prov. Cordoba in Spanien. Der Aufschluss, 51, 211-222. (in German)
    • Asturias
      • Belmonte de Miranda
    		Calvo, M. (2012). Minerales y Minas de España. Vol V. Carbonatos y Nitratos. Boratos. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Minas de Madrid. Fundación Gómez Pardo. 711 págs.
    Switzerland
     
    • Grischun (Grisons; Graubünden)
      • Bregaglia Valley (Bergell)
        • Albigna Valley
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Verlag Wepf & Co. (Basel), p. 77
    • Ticino (Tessin)
      • Riviera
        • Lodrino
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Verlag Wepf & Co. (Basel), p. 77
    • Vaud (Waadt)
      • Lavey-les-Bains
    		Meisser, N. (2012): La minéralogie de l'uranium dans le massif des Aiguilles Rouges. Matér. Géol. Suisse, Sér. géotech. 96, 183 p.
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Anniviers Valley
        • Saint-Luc
    		Ansermet, S. (2012): Mines et minéraux du Valais - II. Anniviers et Tourtemagne. With contributions by N. Meisser, Ed. Porte-plumes (Ayer)
      • Martigny
        • Mont Chemin
          • Bovernier
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 77.
    Tajikistan
     
    • Viloyati Sogd (Viloyati Sughd; Viloyati Khodzhent; Viloyati Leninabad)
      • Zeravshan Range
        • Pendzhikent (Penjikent; Panjakent)
    		Handbook of Mineralogy
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cumbria
        • Eastern Fells
          • Shap
    		Wirth, M. & Green, D. (2002): The Shap granite quarry, Cumbria. UK Journal of Mines & Minerals. # 22, 43-52.
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Maricopa Co.
        • Wickenburg
    		No reference listed
      • Yavapai Co.
        • Bradshaw Mts (Bradshaw Range)
          • Castle Creek District
    		Joe Ruiz, Mammoth, AZ, USA
    Grant, Raymond W., Bideaux, R.A., and Williams, S.A. (2006) Minerals Added to the Arizona List 1995-2005: 6. Mr. Joe Ruiz, Mammoth, AZ, personal communication to John Ebner, Ronald Deblois, Eckhard Stuart and C. Lemanski, Jr. (2008).
    Handbook of Mineralogy
        • White Picacho District
          • San Domingo Wash
    		Jahns, R.H. (1952), Pegmatite Deposits of the White Picacho District, Maricopa and Yavapai Cos., AZ, AZ Bur. Mines Bull. 162: 93-96.
    • California
      • Riverside Co.
        • Jurupa Mts
          • Jurupa
    		MinRec 15:273-290
      • San Diego Co.
        • Mesa Grande District
          • Gem Hill
    		Foord, E. E. (1977), Famous Mineral Localities: the Himalaya Dike System, Mesa Grande District, San Diego County, California. Mineralogical Record 8(6): p. 471.
        • Pala District
          • Pala
            • Chief Mountain
    		Mineralogical Record (2002): 33(5): 388.
            • Hiriart Mountain (Hariat Mtn; Harriot Mtn; Heriart Mtn; Heriot Mtn; Hiriat Hill)
    		[Mineralogical Record 29:164]
            • Tourmaline Queen Mountain (Pala Mtn; Queen Mtn)
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 282.
        • Ramona District
          • Ramona
    		Mineralogical Magazine (1996), 60: 387-388.
    • Colorado
      • Fremont Co.
        • Eight Mile Park pegmatite District
    		"Minerals of Colorado, updated & revised", p. 15, by Eckel, Edwin B., 1997
    [MinRec 29:165]
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 282; Pearl, 1958. Colorado Gem Trails & Mineral Guide
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 282; Pearl, 1958. Colorado Gem Trails & Mineral Guide
      • Park Co.
        • Guffey District
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 282; Eckel, E. B. (1997) Minerals of Colorado. ; USGS Prof. Paper 227
    • Connecticut
      • Middlesex Co.
    		Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of CT & SE NY State
    • Nevada
      • Clark Co.
        • Spring Mts
          • Goodsprings District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Esmeralda Co.
        • Tule Canyon District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Mexico
      • Luna Co.
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd rev. ed., 1996 Virginia T. McLemore, Nelia Dunbar, Matt T. Heizler, Kelly Donahue (2000): Geology and mineral deposits of the Victorio mining district, Luna County , New Mexico- Preliominary observations, New Mexico Geologic Society Guidebook, 51st field Conference, Southwest passage – A trip through the Phanerozoic, pp267-278
    Min Rec 20:1 p57
      • Taos Co.
        • Picuris District
    		Jahns, R. H. and Ewing, R. C. (1977): The Harding mine, Taos County, New Mexico. Mineralogical Record, 8 (2): 115-126.; 4th Annual New Mexico Mineral Symposium (1985) New Mexico Geology 7:18-19
    • Utah
      • Juab Co.
        • East Tintic Mts
          • Tintic District
            • Mammoth
              • Mammoth Peak
    		Collected by and in the collection of Alex Earl
      • Utah Co.
        • Tintic District
    		Antonio Borrelli collection
    • Wisconsin
      • Dodge Co.
    		Buchholz, T., A. Falster, A. & W. Simmons (2007) Waylandite, bismuth and associated minerals from the Waterloo Quarry, southern Wisconsin: 34th Rochester Mineralogical Symposium Abstracts: 7-8.
    Uzbekistan
     
    • Samarkand Viloyati (Samarqand)
      • Zirabulak Mountain (Zirabulakskie Mountain)
    		Evseev, A. A. (1995) Kazaknstan and Middle Asia. A brief Mineralogical Guide. World of Stone 8:24-30
    Mineral and/or Locality  
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