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Akaganeite

A valid IMA mineral species
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About AkaganeiteHide

Formula:
(Fe3+,Ni2+)8(OH,O)16Cl1.25 · nH2O
Colour:
Yellowish brown, rusty brown
Lustre:
Earthy
Specific Gravity:
3.52 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named after the Akagane mine, Japan, the discovery locality. The diacritic mark was removed in 2008 by the IMA, changing the name from akaganéite to akaganeite (Burke, 2008).
The presence of akaganeite indicates high concentrations of chloride in an acidic environment (Ståhl et al. 2003). Chemically similar to droninoite. Also compare muonionalustaite; paratacamite-(Ni).

Note: The spelling akaganéite is incorrect (Burke, 2008).


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
67
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:67:9
GUID
(UUID V4):
a4213236-7f10-4cb4-9fa3-16cf8722bbf8

IMA Classification of AkaganeiteHide

Approved
IMA Formula:
(Fe3+,Ni2+)8(OH,O)16Cl1.25 · nH2O
Approval year:
1962
First published:
1962

Classification of AkaganeiteHide

4.DK.05

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
K : With large (+- medium-sized) cations; tunnel structures
6.1.6.1

6 : HYDROXIDES AND OXIDES CONTAINING HYDROXYL
1 : XO(OH)
7.20.6

7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
20 : Oxides of Fe

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference
AkgIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
AkgThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of AkaganeiteHide

Earthy
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Yellowish brown, rusty brown
Streak:
Brownish yellow
Density:
3.52 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of AkaganeiteHide

Type:
Biaxial
Dispersion:
r > v strong

Chemistry of AkaganeiteHide

Mindat Formula:
(Fe3+,Ni2+)8(OH,O)16Cl1.25 · nH2O

Crystallography of AkaganeiteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.561 Å, b = 3.031 Å, c = 10.483 Å
β = 90.63°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 3.484 : 1 : 3.459
Unit Cell V:
335.54 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
8
Comment:
Space Group: I2/m

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0001349AkaganeitePost J E, Buchwald V F (1991) Crystal structure refinement of akaganeite American Mineralogist 76 272-2771991corrosion crust on the Camp del Cielo meteorite0293
0003079AkaganeitePost J E, Heaney P J, Von Dreele R B, Hanson J C (2003) Neutron and temperature-resolved synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction study of akaganeite American Mineralogist 88 782-78820030293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
1.6434 Å(35)
2.2952 Å(35)
2.5502 Å(55)
2.6344 Å(25)
3.333 Å(100)
5.276 Å(30)
7.467 Å(40)
Comments:
Pattern of synthetic β-FeO(OH)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere>4.45
14 : Hot springs, geysers, and other subaerial geothermal minerals
Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics<3.5-2.5
42 : Sea-floor Mn nodules
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals]
47g : [Halogen-bearing surface weathering minerals]
47i : [Terrestrial weathering of meteorites]
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere<0.6
48 : Soil leaching zone minerals<0.6
Geological Setting:
in oxidation zones of pyrrhotite-bearing iron sulphide deposits, as an important constituent of some soils, in certain geothermal brines and in sea-floor nodules, also formed as corrosion product of some meteorites

Type Occurrence of AkaganeiteHide

General Appearance of Type Material:
fine-grained to powdery masses, consisting of bundles of tiny spindlelike crystals up to 5 µm in length
Geological Setting of Type Material:
oxidation zone of a pyrrhotite-bearing iron sulphide deposit, apparently formed from pyrrhotite by ferric-sulphate-bearing solutions
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Mackay, A.L. (1962) β-ferric oxyhydroxide - akaganéite. Mineralogical Magazine: 33(259): 270-280.

Synonyms of AkaganeiteHide

Other Language Names for AkaganeiteHide

German:Akaganeit
Japanese:赤金鉱
Simplified Chinese:四方纤铁矿
β-羟铁矿
Spanish:Akaganeita

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
5 photos of Akaganeite associated with Lawrencite(Fe2+,Ni)Cl2
5 photos of Akaganeite associated with Limonite
4 photos of Akaganeite associated with Taenite(Fe,Ni)
4 photos of Akaganeite associated with Plessite
4 photos of Akaganeite associated with Schreibersite(Fe,Ni)3P
3 photos of Akaganeite associated with Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
3 photos of Akaganeite associated with Kamacite(Fe,Ni)
2 photos of Akaganeite associated with MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
1 photo of Akaganeite associated with Spinel SubgroupA2+D3+2O4
1 photo of Akaganeite associated with Slag

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

4.DK.FerrihollanditeBa(Mn4+6Fe3+2)O16Mon. 2/m
4.DK.KThalliomelaneTl(Mn4+7.5Cu2+0.5)O16Tet. 4/m : I4/m
4.DK.4.DK.FerricoronaditePb(Mn4+6Fe3+2)O16Tet. 4/m : I4/m
4.DK.05aCoronaditePb(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16Mon. 2/m
4.DK.05aCryptomelaneK(Mn4+7Mn3+)O16Mon. 2/m
4.DK.05aHollanditeBa(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16Mon. 2/m
4.DK.05aManjiroiteNa(Mn4+7Mn3+)O16Tet. 4/m : I4/m
4.DK.05bMannarditeBa(Ti4+6V3+2)O16Tet. 4/m : I41/a
4.DK.05bPrideriteK(Ti4+7Fe3+)O16Tet. 4/m : I4/m
4.DK.05bRedledgeiteBa(Ti4+6Cr3+2)O16Tet.
4.DK.05bHenrymeyeriteBa(Ti4+7Fe2+)O16Tet. 4/m : I4/m
4.DK.05aStrontiomelaneSr(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16Mon. 2/m : P21/b
4.DK.10Romanèchite(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10Mon. 2/m
4.DK.10Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2OMon. 2/m : P2/m

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for AkaganeiteHide

References for AkaganeiteHide

Reference List:

Localities for AkaganeiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Antarctica
 
  • Eastern Antarctica
    • Queen Elizabeth Land
      • Pensacola Mountains
        • Neptune Mountains
Buchwald et al. (1989)
    • Victoria Land
      • Allan Hills
Kuebler (2013)
Argentina
 
  • Chaco Province
    • Doce de Octubre Department
      • Gancedo
Anthony et al. (1997)
Atlantic Ocean
 
  • Mid-Atlantic Ridge complex
Bogdanov et al. (2008)
Bogdanov et al. (2008)
Bogdanov et al. (2008)
Belgium
 
  • Wallonia
    • Liège
      • Visé
Van Tassel (1959) +4 other references
Brazil
 
  • Santa Catarina
    • São Francisco do Sul
      • Morro do Rócio
[Mandarino
Canada
 
  • Nova Scotia
    • Halifax Co.
Walker et al. (2009)
Walker et al. (2009)
  • Ontario
    • Greater Sudbury
      • Levack Township
Ames et al. (TGI)
Chile
 
  • Tarapacá
    • Iquique Province
samples analysed by Anthony Kampf +1 other reference
China
 
  • Guangxi
    • Hechi
      • Nandan County
        • Lihu - Yaochai area
Łukasz Kruszewski PXRD data
Czech Republic
 
  • Vysočina Region
    • Třebíč District
      • Vícenice u Náměště nad Oslavou
Skála R.
Germany
 
  • Baden-Württemberg
    • Freiburg Region
      • Ortenaukreis
        • Oberwolfach
Walenta (1992)
  • Lower Saxony
    • Goslar District
      • Langelsheim
        • Astfeld
Schnorrer (1993)
  • North Rhine-Westphalia
    • Arnsberg
      • Märkischer Kreis
        • Iserlohn
          • Letmathe
Blaß et al. (1993) +1 other reference
  • Saxony
    • Erzgebirgskreis
      • Wolkenstein
Tony Nikischer and Luis Menezes
  • Thuringia
    • Wartburg District
      • Dermbach
www.emc2012.org.uk (2020)
Greece
 
  • Attica
    • East Attica
      • Lavreotiki
58. +1 other reference
Gelaude et al. (1996)
Gelaude et al. (1996)
Gelaude et al. (1996)
Greenland
 
  • Qeqertalik
    • Disko Island
Holtstam (2006)
India
 
  • Uttar Pradesh
    • Lucknow Division
      • Lakhimpur Kheri District
Organizing Committee IMA-IMAGOD meetings '70. Editorial Committee (1970)
Italy
 
  • Lombardy
    • Pavia Province
      • Barbianello
Fioretti et al. (2004)
  • Sardinia
    • Sassari Province
      • Sassari
Ara D. et al. (2013)
  • Tuscany
    • Livorno Province
      • Campiglia Marittima
Int. Assoc. of Collectors of Slag Minerals (2)
      • Piombino
Cerutti et al. (1995)
      • Sassetta
        • Canina Valley
Jansen et al. (1998)
Japan (TL)
 
  • Iwate Prefecture
    • Oshu City
      • Esashi ward
Mackay (1962) +1 other reference
Kazakhstan
 
  • West Kazakhstan Region
    • Bayterek District
Sharygin (2019)
Mexico
 
  • Sonora
    • Trincheras Municipality
      • La Mur
Panczner (1987)
New Zealand
 
  • Bay of Plenty Region
Johnston (1977) +1 other reference
  • Waikato Region
    • Taupo District
      • Orakeikorako Thermal Area (Orakei Korako; The Hidden Valley)
Rod Martin et al. (NZ)
Poland
 
  • Greater Poland Voivodeship
    • Poznań
Gurdziel et al. (2016)
  • Lesser Poland Voivodeship
    • Tarnów County
      • Gmina Pleśna
Musiał J. 1996: Results of preliminary ...
  • Lower Silesian Voivodeship
    • Karkonosze County
      • Gmina Janowice Wielkie
        • Miedzianka
Färber (n.d.)
  • Silesian Voivodeship
    • Wodzisław County
      • Radlin
Ł. Kruszewski PXRD data (to be published soon) +1 other reference
Red Sea
 
Anthony +2 other references
Russia
 
  • Buryatia
    • Baunt District
Sharygin (IIAB)
  • Murmansk Oblast
    • Khibiny Massif
Pavel Kartashov specimen +1 other reference
  • Ryazan Oblast
    • Kasimov District
Pekov (2007) +1 other reference
[World of Stones 12:49]
Slovakia
 
  • Prešov Region
    • Prešov District
      • Zlatá Baňa
Duda et. all.
Sweden
 
  • Norrbotten County
    • Pajala
      • Kitkiöjärvi
Holtstam et al. (2004)
UK
 
  • England
    • Cornwall
      • Perranzabuloe
        • Perran Iron Lode (Great Perran Iron Lode)
Ryback et al. (1992) +1 other reference
      • St Stephen-in-Brannel
an abandoned uranium mine +1 other reference
    • Hampshire
      • Portsmouth
Simon et al. (2018)
    • Norfolk
      • North Norfolk
Anthony et al. (1997)
Tindle (2008)
Ukraine
 
  • Crimea
Chukhrov F.V. et al. (1987)
      • Kerchenskyi (Fe)-ore basin
        • Kerchenskoe deposit
Arbuzov V.A. et al. (1967)
USA
 
  • Arizona
    • Greenlee County
      • Morenci
Merritt Stephen Enders (2000)
    • Mohave County
      • Cerbat Mountains (Cerbat Range)
        • Wallapai Mining District
          • Mineral Park Mining District
            • Ithaca Peak
Eidel et al. (1968) +1 other reference
    • Santa Cruz County
      • Patagonia Mountains
        • Patagonia Mining District
          • Duquesne-Washington Camp
            • San Antonio Canyon
              • Santo Niño Mine area
Anthony et al. (1995)
  • Colorado
    • San Juan County
      • Eureka Mining District
Eckel et al. (1997)
  • Massachusetts
    • Franklin County
      • Rowe
Cerato
  • Minnesota
    • Lake County
Anthony et al. (1997)
  • Nevada
    • Elko County
Castor et al. (2004)
    • Humboldt County
Castor et al. (2004)
    • Pershing County
      • East Range
Castor et al. (2004)
  • New Mexico
    • Taos County
Anthony et al. (1997)
  • Pennsylvania
    • Chester County
      • Malvern Borough
Bernard et al. (2004)
  • Tennessee
    • Cocke County
Buchwald (1975)
Mars
 
  • Aeolis quadrangle
    • Gale Crater
      • Aeolis Mons (Mount Sharp)
        • Lower Mt. Sharp
          • Kimberley formation
Grotzinger et al. (2015) +1 other reference
      • Aeolis Palus
Several papers on: Science Express
Grotzinger et al. (2015)
Grotzinger et al. (2015)
The Moon
 
  • Descartes Highlands
curator.jsc.nasa.gov (n.d.)
  • Mare Crisium
Mokhov A.V. et al. (2007)
 
Mineral and/or Locality  
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