Mutinaite
A valid IMA mineral species
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Formula:
Na3Ca4Si85Al11O192 · 60H2O
Colour:
Colorless to milky white
Lustre:
Vitreous, Silky
Specific Gravity:
2.13
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
Named after Mutina, the ancient Latin name of Modena, Italy, a center of zeolite research.
The natural counterpart of zeolite ZSM-5 (ZSM-5 - Zeolite Socony Mobil–5).
The ZSM-5 molecular sieve boasts unique and exceptional properties, which are widely employed in important processes and applications across a broad range of industries. Commonly used in converting methanol to gasoline and diesel as well as oil refining, ZSM-5 has proved superior to amorphous solid acid catalysts in reactions such as xylene isomerization, toluene disproportionation and toluene alkylation etc. Upon ion exchange or modification, H-ZSM-5 zeolites can be derived to also possess enhanced para-selectivity. All in all, the high versatility of this zeolite makes it a truly indispensable material across many industries.
The ZSM-5 molecular sieve boasts unique and exceptional properties, which are widely employed in important processes and applications across a broad range of industries. Commonly used in converting methanol to gasoline and diesel as well as oil refining, ZSM-5 has proved superior to amorphous solid acid catalysts in reactions such as xylene isomerization, toluene disproportionation and toluene alkylation etc. Upon ion exchange or modification, H-ZSM-5 zeolites can be derived to also possess enhanced para-selectivity. All in all, the high versatility of this zeolite makes it a truly indispensable material across many industries.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
7184
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:7184:6
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
27530265-9749-4c91-9a29-37a3115d007e
IMA Classification of Mutinaite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Na3Ca4Al11Si85O192 · 60H2O
Classification of Mutinaite
9.GF.35
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
G : Tektosilicates with zeolitic H2O; zeolite family
F : Other Rare Zeolites
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
G : Tektosilicates with zeolitic H2O; zeolite family
F : Other Rare Zeolites
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Mut | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Mutinaite
Vitreous, Silky
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Colorless to milky white
Streak:
white
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
good {100}
good {100}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
2.13(3) g/cm3 (Measured) 2.17 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Mutinaite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.485(2) nβ = 1.487(2) nγ = 1.488(2)
2V:
Measured: 70° , Calculated: 70°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.003
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
none
Comments:
2V could not be measured
Chemistry of Mutinaite
Mindat Formula:
Na3Ca4Si85Al11O192 · 60H2O
Crystallography of Mutinaite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pnma
Setting:
Pnma
Cell Parameters:
a = 20.223(7) Å, b = 20.052(8) Å, c = 13.491(5) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.009 : 1 : 0.673
Unit Cell V:
5,470.76 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Twinning:
none
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0009842 | Mutinaite | van Koningsveld H (1990) High-temperature (350 K) orthorhombic framework structure of zeolite H-ZSM-5 Acta Crystallographica B46 731-735 | 1990 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
0010960 | Mutinaite | Taylor J C, Miller S A, Bibby D M (1986) A study of decomposition methods for refinement of H+-ZSM5 zeolite with powder diffraction data Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 176 183-192 | 1986 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
0015873 | Mutinaite | Vezzalini G, Quartieri S, Galli E, Alberti A, Cruciani G, Kvick A (1997) Crystal structure of the zeolite mutinaite, the natural analog of ZSM-5 Zeolites 19 323-325 | 1997 | Mt. Adamson, Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
11.20 Å | (84) |
9.98 Å | (35) |
3.85 Å | (100) |
3.75 Å | (98) |
3.67 Å | (27) |
3.00 Å | (32) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 3a: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust | >4.50 |
10 : Basalt-hosted zeolite minerals |
Type Occurrence of Mutinaite
General Appearance of Type Material:
subspherical aggregates (up to 1.8 mm in diameter)
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
holotype material has been deposited at the Museo di Storia Naturale e de1 Territorio, University of Pisa, Italy, with accession number 15520.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Dolerite above sedimentary rock
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Galli, E., Vezzalini, G., Quartieri, S., Alberti, A., & Franzini, M. (1997). Mutinaite, a new zeolite from Antarctica: The natural counterpart of ZSM-5. Zeolites, 19(5-6), 318-322.
Synonyms of Mutinaite
Other Language Names for Mutinaite
Relationship of Mutinaite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Alflarsenite | NaCa2Be3Si4O13(OH) · 2H2O | Mon. 2 : P21 |
Amicite | K2Na2Al4Si4O16 · 5H2O | Mon. 2 |
Ammonioleucite | (NH4)(AlSi2O6) | Tet. 4/m : I41/a |
Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Bellbergite | (K,Ba,Sr)2Sr2Ca2(Ca,Na)4[Al3Si3O12]6 · 30H2O | Hex. |
Bikitaite | LiAlSi2O6 · H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Boggsite | Ca8Na3(Si,Al)96O192 · 70H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Imma |
Brewsterite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
Chabazite-Levyne Subgroup | M[Al2Si4O12] · 6H2O | |
Chiavennite | CaMnBe2Si5O13(OH)2 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Clinoptilolite Subgroup | M3-6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O | |
Cowlesite | CaAl2Si3O10 · 6H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
Dachiardite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
Direnzoite | NaK6MgCa2(Al13Si47O120) · 36H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmmn |
Edingtonite | Ba[Al2Si3O10] · 4H2O | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
Epistilbite | CaAl2Si6O16 · 5H2O | Mon. |
Erionite Subgroup | M2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O | |
Faujasite Subgroup | M3.5[Al7Si17O48] · 32H2O | |
Ferrierite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
Ferrochiavennite | Ca1-2Fe[(Si,Al,Be)5Be2O13(OH)2] · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Flörkeite | (K3Ca2Na)[Al8Si8O32] · 12H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Garronite Subgroup | ||
Gaultite | Na4Zn2Si7O18 · 5H2O | Orth. mm2 : Fdd2 |
Gismondine Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
Gmelinite Subgroup | In 1997, gmelinite was split into Gmelinite-Ca, Gmelinite-Na and Gmelinite-K. | |
Gobbinsite | Na5(Si11Al5)O32 · 11H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
Goosecreekite | Ca[Al2Si6O16] · 5H2O | Mon. 2 : P21 |
Gottardiite | Na3Mg3Ca5Al19Si117O272 · 93H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmca |
Heulandite Subgroup | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O | |
Hsianghualite | Ca3Li2(Be3Si3O12)F2 | Iso. 4 3 2 : I41 3 2 |
Kirchhoffite | Cs(BSi2O6) | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/acd |
Laumontite | CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Loomisite | Ba[Be2P2O8] · H2O | Mon. m |
Lovdarite | K2Na6Be4Si14O36 · 9H2O | Orth. mm2 |
Maricopaite | Pb7Ca2(Si,Al)48O100 · 32H2O | Orth. |
Martinandresite | Ba2(Al4Si12O32) · 10H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmmn |
Mazzite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
Merlinoite | (K,Na)5(Ca,Ba)2Al9Si23O64 · 23H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Immm |
Montesommaite | (K,Na)9Al9Si23O64 · 10H2O | Orth. mm2 : Fdd2 |
Mordenite | (Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O | Orth. |
Nabesite | Na2BeSi4O10 · 4H2O | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
Natrolite Subgroup | A subgroup of the Zeolite Group. | |
Offretite | KCaMg(Si13Al5)O36 · 15H2O | Hex. 6 m2 : P6m2 |
Pahasapaite | Li8(Ca,Li,K)10.5Be24(PO4)24 · 38H2O | Iso. 2 3 : I2 3 |
Parthéite | Ca2(Si4Al4) O15 (OH)2 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Paulingite Subgroup | Paulingite was originally described in 1960. | |
Perlialite | K9Na(Ca,Sr)[Al2Si4O12]6 · 15H2O | Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6/mmm |
Phillipsite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
Pollucite | (Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d |
Roggianite | Ca2Be(OH)2Al2Si4O13 · 2.5H2O | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mcm |
Stilbite Subgroup | M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O | |
Terranovaite | (Na,Ca)8(Si68Al12)O160 · 29H2O | Orth. |
Thomsonite Subgroup | The large majority of "thomsonite" is thomsonite-Ca. | |
Tschernichite | (Ca,Na2)[Al2Si4O12] · 4-8H2O | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/mmm |
Tschörtnerite | Ca4(Ca,Sr,K,Ba)3Cu3[Al3Si3O12]4(OH)8 · nH2O | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m |
UM1996-38-SiO:AlCaHNa | Na-Ca-Al-Si-O-H | |
UM1999-33-SiO:AlHKNa | K7Na5Al12Si20O64 · 24H2O | |
UM2002-40-SiO:AlCaHKMgNa | (Mg,Ca,Na,K)7.5(Al12.8Si51.2)O128 · 65H2O | Tet. 4 2 2 : P41 2 2 |
Unnamed (Ca analogue of Merlinoite) | (Ca,K,Na)5(Ca,Ba)2Al9Si23O64 · 23H2O ? | |
Wairakite | Ca(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Weinebeneite | CaBe3(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O | Mon. m : Bb |
Wenkite | (Ba,K)4(Ca,Na)6[(Si,Al)20O39(OH)2](SO4)3 · 0.5H2O | Hex. 6 m2 : P62m |
Willhendersonite | KCa[Al3Si3O12] · 5H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Yugawaralite | CaAl2Si6O16 · 4H2O | Mon. m : Pb |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
9.GF.05 | Terranovaite | (Na,Ca)8(Si68Al12)O160 · 29H2O |
9.GF.10 | Gottardiite | Na3Mg3Ca5Al19Si117O272 · 93H2O |
9.GF.15 | Lovdarite | K2Na6Be4Si14O36 · 9H2O |
9.GF.20 | Gaultite | Na4Zn2Si7O18 · 5H2O |
9.GF.25 | Chiavennite | CaMnBe2Si5O13(OH)2 · 2H2O |
9.GF.25 | Ferrochiavennite | Ca1-2Fe[(Si,Al,Be)5Be2O13(OH)2] · 2H2O |
9.GF.30 | Tschernichite | (Ca,Na2)[Al2Si4O12] · 4-8H2O |
9.GF.40 | Tschörtnerite | Ca4(Ca,Sr,K,Ba)3Cu3[Al3Si3O12]4(OH)8 · nH2O |
9.GF.50 | Thornasite | (Na,K)12Th3[Si8O19]4 · 18H2O |
9.GF.55 | Direnzoite | NaK6MgCa2(Al13Si47O120) · 36H2O |
9.GF.60 | Meierite | Ba44Si66Al30O192Cl25(OH)33 |
9.GF.65 | Rongibbsite | Pb2(Si4Al)O11(OH) |
Fluorescence of Mutinaite
none
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Mutinaite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-7184.html
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References for Mutinaite
Localities for Mutinaite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Antarctica (TL) | |
| American Mineralogist +1 other reference |
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