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Burckhardtite

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Burckhardtite

Moctezuma Mine, Moctezuma, Mun. de Moctezuma, Sonora, Mexico
Burckhardtite

Moctezuma Mine, Moctezuma, Mun. de Moctezuma, Sonora, Mexico
Burckhardtite

Bird Nest drift, Otto Mountain, Baker, Soda Mts, Silver Lake District, San Bernardino Co., California, USA
Burckhardtite

Moctezuma Mine, Moctezuma, Mun. de Moctezuma, Sonora, Mexico
Burckhardtite

Moctezuma Mine, Moctezuma, Mun. de Moctezuma, Sonora, Mexico
Burckhardtite

Bird Nest drift, Otto Mountain, Baker, Soda Mts, Silver Lake District, San Bernardino Co., California, USA
Burckhardtite

Moctezuma Mine, Moctezuma, Mun. de Moctezuma, Sonora, Mexico
Burckhardtite

Moctezuma Mine, Moctezuma, Mun. de Moctezuma, Sonora, Mexico
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About BurckhardtiteHide

Carl Emanuel Burckhardt
Formula:
Pb2(Fe3+Te6+)[AlSi3O8]O6
Was originally assumed to be mica-like, Pb2(Fe3+,Mn3+)Te4+(AlSi3O10)O2(OH)2.H2O. Structure determination shows that Te is 6+, formula is anhydrous, and the aluminosilicate layer is actually a kampfite/cymrite-like double sheet; the sheets alternate with phyllotellurate [(FeTe)O6]3- layers; there is a Pb2[FeTeO6] module of a topology similar to a slab in rosiaite
Colour:
carmine-red to violet-red, pink , brown (Mn-poor)
Lustre:
Adamantine, Pearly
Hardness:
2
Specific Gravity:
4.96 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Name:
Named in 1979 by Richard V. Gaines, Peter B. Leavens, and Joseph A. Nelen in honor of Carl "Carlos" Emanuel Burckhardt (March 26, 1869 Bâle, Switzerland; d. August 26, 1935 Mexico), Mexican geologist and paleontologist.
Minute pink to red brown crystals in white to pink dickite and other clays in quartz matrix.


Classification of BurckhardtiteHide

IMA status:
Approved
Approval Year:
1976
Strunz 8th ed.:
8/H.32-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:
9.EC.70

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
C : Phyllosilicates with mica sheets, composed of tetrahedral and octahedral nets
Dana 8th ed.:
78.5.3.1

78 : Unclassified Silicates
5 :
Hey's CIM Ref.:
16.14.17

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
14 : Aluminosilicates of Ti, Zr, Sn and Pb

Physical Properties of BurckhardtiteHide

Lustre:
Adamantine, Pearly
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
carmine-red to violet-red, pink , brown (Mn-poor)
Comment:
Pink when very tiny
Streak:
pale red
Hardness:
2 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
basal {001}
Density:
4.96 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of BurckhardtiteHide

Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.820 nβ = 1.850 nγ = 1.850
Birefringence:
0.03
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.030
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High
Dispersion:
2V = small
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
e = pale magenta, o = carmine

Chemical Properties of BurckhardtiteHide

Formula:
Pb2(Fe3+Te6+)[AlSi3O8]O6

Was originally assumed to be mica-like, Pb2(Fe3+,Mn3+)Te4+(AlSi3O10)O2(OH)2.H2O. Structure determination shows that Te is 6+, formula is anhydrous, and the aluminosilicate layer is actually a kampfite/cymrite-like double sheet; the sheets alternate with phyllotellurate [(FeTe)O6]3- layers; there is a Pb2[FeTeO6] module of a topology similar to a slab in rosiaite
IMA Formula:
Pb2(Fe3+Te6+)(AlSi3O8)O6
Elements listed:
Al, Fe, O, Pb, Si, Te - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of BurckhardtiteHide

Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
3m (3 2/m) - Hexagonal Scalenohedral
Space Group:
P3 1m
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.2566(5) Å, c = 13.0221(10) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 2.477
Unit Cell V:
311.62 ų
Z:
1
Morphology:
equant crystals, also rosettes of plates.
Comment:
ICDD 33-730; data here updated after Christy et al. (2014)

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
13.03 (83)
4.547 (17)
4.294 (18)
3.730 (81)
3.141 (100)
2.627 (60)
2.578 (10)
2.433 (4)
2.262 (29)
2.151 (30)
2.0164 (21)
1.9557 (5)
1.8497 (38)
1.7148 (8)
1.6680 (33)
1.5992 (29)
1.5684 (3)
1.5309 (12)
1.5155 (17)
1.4356 (5)
1.3233 (8)
1.3120 (15)
Comments:
from Christy et al. (2014)

Type Occurrence of BurckhardtiteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Moctezuma Mine (Bambolla Mine), Moctezuma, Mun. de Moctezuma, Sonora, Mexico
General Appearance of Type Material:
minute rosettes of carmine-red crystals averaging 0.1mm (also hexagonal platelets)
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Smithsonian Institution (NMNH no. 144110), Harvard University, University of Delaware
Geological Setting of Type Material:
oxidized zone on 2nd and 3rd levels of an oxidized tellurium deposit.

Synonyms of BurckhardtiteHide

Other Language Names for BurckhardtiteHide

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Poughite1 photo of Burckhardtite associated with Poughite on mindat.org.
Zemannite1 photo of Burckhardtite associated with Zemannite on mindat.org.
Quartz1 photo of Burckhardtite associated with Quartz on mindat.org.
Thorneite1 photo of Burckhardtite associated with Thorneite on mindat.org.

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz GroupingHide

9.EC.05MinnesotaiteFe2+3Si4O10(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.05TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.05WillemseiteNi3Si4O10(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.10FerripyrophylliteFe3+Si2O5(OH)Mon.
9.EC.10PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2Tric. 1
9.EC.15BoromuscoviteKAl2(BSi3O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.15CeladoniteK(Mg,Fe2+)Fe3+(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15Chernykhite(Ba,Na)(V3+,Al,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.15Montdorite(K,Na)2(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)5(Si4O10)2(OH,F)4
9.EC.15MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15NanpingiteCsAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH,F)2Mon.
9.EC.15ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.15RoscoeliteK(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15Tobelite(NH4,K)Al2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.15AluminoceladoniteK(Mg,Fe2+)Al(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.15ChromphylliteK(Cr,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15FerroaluminoceladoniteK(Fe2+,Mg)(Al,Fe3+)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15FerroceladoniteK(Fe2+,Mg)(Fe3+,Al)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15ChromceladoniteK(Mg,Fe2+)(Cr,Al)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.15TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon.
9.EC.15Ganterite(Ba,Na,K)(Al,Mg)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.20AnniteKFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20EphesiteLiNaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Tric.
9.EC.20HendricksiteK(Zn,Mg,Mn2+)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20Masutomilite(K,Rb)(Li,Mn3+,Al)3(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2Mon.
9.EC.20NorrishiteKLiMn3+2(Si4O10)O2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20PolylithioniteKLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.20PreiswerkiteNaMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.20SiderophylliteKFe2+2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.20TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2
9.EC.20FluorotetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20Wonesite(Na,K)(Mg,Fe,Al)6((Al,Si)4O10)2(OH,F)4Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20EastoniteKMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.20TetraferrianniteKFe2+3((Fe3+,Al)Si3O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.20TrilithioniteK(Li1.5Al1.5)(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.20FluoranniteKFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2Mon.
9.EC.20ShirokshiniteKNaMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20ShirozuliteK(Mn2+,Mg)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20SokolovaiteCsLi2Al(Si4O10)F2Mon.
9.EC.20AspidoliteNaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20FluorophlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20UM2004-49-SiO:AlCsFHKLi(Cs,K)(Al,Li)2.6((Si,Al)4O10)(F,OH)2
9.EC.20Suhailite(NH4)Fe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20YangzhumingiteKMg2.5(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20OrloviteKLi2Ti(Si4O10)OFMon. 2 : B2
9.EC.20OxyphlogopiteK(Mg,Ti,Fe)3[(Si,Al)4O10](O,F)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.30MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.35Anandite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3((Si,Al,Fe)4O10)(S,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.35BityiteLiCaAl2(AlBeSi2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.35ClintoniteCa(Mg,Al)3(Al3SiO10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35Kinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Mg,Mn2+,Al)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.35Ferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2Mon.
9.EC.35Oxykinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Mg,Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(O,OH,F)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35FluorokinoshitaliteBaMg3(Al2Si2O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.40Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.40Kurumsakite(Zn,Ni,Cu)8Al8V5+2Si5O35 · 27H2O (?)
9.EC.40Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.40NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.40VolkonskoiteCa0.3(Cr,Mg,Fe)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
9.EC.40Yakhontovite(Ca,Na)0.5(Cu,Fe,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · 3H2OMon.
9.EC.45HectoriteNa0.3(Mg,Li)3(Si4O10)(F,OH)2Mon.
9.EC.45SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.45SauconiteNa0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
9.EC.45SpadaiteMgSiO2(OH)2 · H2O (?)
9.EC.45Stevensite(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.45SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)4((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.45ZincsiliteZn3(Si4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
9.EC.45FerrosaponiteCa0.3(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O
9.EC.50VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2OMon. 2/m
9.EC.55Baileychlore(Zn,Fe2+,Al,Mg)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8Tric. 1
9.EC.55Chamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8Mon.
9.EC.55ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.55Cookeite(Al2Li)Al2(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m
9.EC.55FranklinfurnaceiteCa2Fe3+Mn2+3Mn3+(Zn2Si2O10)(OH)8Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.55Gonyerite(Mn2+,Mg)5Fe3+(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH)8
9.EC.55Nimite(Ni,Mg,Al)6((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)8Mon.
9.EC.55Orthochamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH,O)8
9.EC.55PennantiteMn2+5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Tric.
9.EC.55SudoiteMg2Al3(Si3Al)O10)(OH)8Mon.
9.EC.55DonbassiteAl4.33(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.55GlagoleviteNa(Mg,Al)6(AlSi3O10)(OH,O)8Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.55BorocookeiteLi1+3xAl4-x(BSi3O10)(OH)8
9.EC.60AliettiteCa0.2Mg6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 4H2OMon.
9.EC.60Corrensite(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2OOrth.
9.EC.60DozyiteMg7Al2(Al2Si4O15)(OH)12Mon.
9.EC.60HydrobiotiteK(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.60Karpinskite(Ni,Mg)2Si2O5(OH)2 (?)
9.EC.60KulkeiteMg8Al(AlSi7O20)(OH)10Mon.
9.EC.60LunijianlaiteLi0.7Al6.2(AlSi7O20)(OH,O)10Mon.
9.EC.60Rectorite(Na,Ca)Al4((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 2H2OMon.
9.EC.60Saliotite(Li,Na)Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)5Mon.
9.EC.60TosuditeNa0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2OMon. 2 : B2
9.EC.60BrinrobertsiteNa0.3Al4(Si4O10)2(OH)4 · 3.5 H2OMon.
9.EC.65Macaulayite(Fe,Al)24Si4O43(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.75Ferrisurite(Pb,Ca)2.4Fe3+2(Si4O10)(CO3)1.7(OH)3 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.75Surite(Pb,Ca)3(Al,Fe2+,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(CO3)2(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.75Niksergievite(Ba,Ca)2Al3(AlSi3O10)(CO3)(OH)6 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.80KegelitePb8Al4(Si8O20)(SO4)2(CO3)4(OH)8Mon.

Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals GroupingHide

16.14.1ZoriteNa8(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,O)5 · 14H2OOrth.
16.14.2VinogradoviteNa4Ti4(Si2O6)2[(Si,Al)4O10]O4 · (H2O,Na,K)3Mon. 2/m : B2/b
16.14.3RhöniteCa2(Mg,Fe2+,Fe3+,Ti)6[O2|(Si,Al)6O18]Tric. 1 : P1
16.14.4Kaersutite{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3AlTi}(Al2Si6O22)O2 Mon.
16.14.5Ferro-kaersutite{Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+3AlTi}(Al2Si6O22)O2Mon.
16.14.6JonesiteBa4(K,Na)2Ti4Al2(Si3O9)2(SiO4)4O2 · 6H2OOrth.
16.14.7Lourenswalsite(K,Ba)2(Ti,Mg,Ca,Fe)4(Si,Al,Fe)6O14(OH)12Hex.
16.14.8Labuntsovite-MnNa4K4(Ba,K)2Mn2+(Ti,Nb)8(Si4O12)4(O,OH)8 · 10-12H2OMon.
16.14.9KimzeyiteCa3(Zr,Ti)2((Si,Al,Fe3+)O4)3Iso.
16.14.10EllenbergeriteMg6(Mg,Ti,Zr,◻)2(Al,Mg)6Si8O28(OH)10Hex.
16.14.11Carlosturanite(Mg,Fe,Ti)21(Si,Al)12O28(OH)34•H2OMon.
16.14.12EakeriteCa2SnAl2Si6O18(OH)2 · 2H2OMon.
16.14.13PlumalsitePb4Al2(SiO3)7
16.14.14WickenburgiteCaPb3Al2Si10O24(OH)6Trig. 3m : P3 1c
16.14.15MaricopaitePb7Ca2(Si,Al)48O100 · 32H2OOrth.
16.14.16Hancockite{CaPb}{Al2Fe3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)Mon.
16.14.18MathewrogersitePb7FeAl3GeSi12O36(OH,H2O)6Trig.

Fluorescence of BurckhardtiteHide

In UV light:
Not Fluorescent in UV

Other InformationHide

Magnetism:
Paramagnetic
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for BurckhardtiteHide

Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Gaines, R.V., Leavens, P.B., and Nelen, J.A. (1979): Burckhardtite, a new silicate-tellurite from Mexico. American Mineralogist 64, 355-358.
Christy, A.G., Kampf, A.R., Mills, S.J., Housley, R.M. and Thorne, B. (2014) Crystal structure and revised chemical formula for burckhardtite, Pb2(Fe3+Te6+)[AlSi3O8]O6: a double-sheet silicate with intercalated phyllotellurate layers. Mineralogical Magazine, 78, 1763-1773.

Internet Links for BurckhardtiteHide

Localities for BurckhardtiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (eg from pseudomorphs.)

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Mexico (TL)
 
  • Sonora
    • Mun. de Moctezuma
      • Moctezuma
AM 64 (1979), 355; HB2/1 (1995)
USA
 
  • Arizona
    • Cochise Co.
      • Huachuca Mts
        • Hartford District (Huachuca Mountains District)
          • Carr Canyon
"The Accidental Pocket" talk presented by Robert E. Walstrom at 2012 NCMA meeting.
  • California
    • San Bernardino Co.
      • Silver Lake District
        • Soda Mts
          • Baker
            • Otto Mountain
Robert M. Housley (2005) Recent rare mineral finds in southern California and Nevada desert mines. Abstracts from the 2005 Desert Symposium. California State University, Desert Studies Consortium and LSA Associates, Inc.
Collected by and in the collection of Brent Thorne. EDS confirmed by Bob Housley.
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