Celsian
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
About Celsian
Formula:
Ba(Al2Si2O8)
Colour:
Colourless, white, yellow
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
6 - 6½
Specific Gravity:
3.10 - 3.39
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1895 by Stens Anders Hjalmar Sjögren in honour of Anders Celsius [November 27, 1701 Uppsala, Sweden - April 25, 1744 Uppsala, Sweden], Swedish astronomer, physicist, and naturalist. He had the Astronomical Observatory built and he experimented with standardising temperature measurements and the Celsius temperature scale is also named in his honour.
Type Locality:
Polymorph of:
Feldspar Group. Celsian-Hyalophane Series; Celsian-Orthoclase Series.
The distinctly monoclinic (115.2°) dimorph of Paracelsian; the latter is considered a metastable modification (Lin & Foster, 1968).
Chemically very similar to cymrite.
See also Barium-Nepheline.
The distinctly monoclinic (115.2°) dimorph of Paracelsian; the latter is considered a metastable modification (Lin & Foster, 1968).
Chemically very similar to cymrite.
See also Barium-Nepheline.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
928
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:928:3
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
aacf6df1-2411-4ed9-89bf-ac1b7bc6a12d
IMA Classification of Celsian
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1895
Classification of Celsian
9.FA.30
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
F : Tektosilicates without zeolitic H2O
A : Tektosilicates without additional non-tetrahedral anions
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
F : Tektosilicates without zeolitic H2O
A : Tektosilicates without additional non-tetrahedral anions
76.1.1.4
76 : TECTOSILICATES Al-Si Framework
1 : Al-Si Framework with Al-Si frameworks
76 : TECTOSILICATES Al-Si Framework
1 : Al-Si Framework with Al-Si frameworks
16.12.4
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
12 : Aluminosilicates of Sr, Ba and Zn
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
12 : Aluminosilicates of Sr, Ba and Zn
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Cls | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Cls | Siivolam & Schmid (2007) | Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download |
Cls | Whitney & Evans (2010) | Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371 |
Cln | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Celsian
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Colourless, white, yellow
Streak:
White
Hardness:
6 - 6½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
Perfect on {001}, good on {010}, poor on {110}
Perfect on {001}, good on {010}, poor on {110}
Density:
3.10 - 3.39 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.26 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Celsian
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.580 - 1.584 nβ = 1.585 - 1.587 nγ = 1.594 - 1.596
2V:
Measured: 86° to 90°, Calculated: 62° to 74°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.014
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
none
Chemistry of Celsian
Mindat Formula:
Ba(Al2Si2O8)
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Fe,Mg,Ca,Na,K,F
Crystallography of Celsian
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.622(4) Å, b = 13.078(6) Å, c = 14.411(8) Å
β = 115.2°
β = 115.2°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.659 : 1 : 1.102
Unit Cell V:
1,470.31 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
8
Morphology:
Short prismatic to acicular crystals, commonly massive
Twinning:
Simple twins in accordance with the
Manebach, Baveno, or Carlsbad laws.
Manebach, Baveno, or Carlsbad laws.
Comment:
Space group I2/c (non-standard setting).
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0000519 | Celsian | Griffen D T, Ribbe P H (1976) Refinement of the crystal structure of celsian American Mineralogist 61 414-418 | 1976 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Image Loading
Radiation - Copper Kα
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.47 Å | (100) |
3.35 Å | (100) |
3.02 Å | (95) |
2.582 Å | (75) |
3.26 Å | (60) |
3.80 Å | (55) |
6.52 Å | (50) |
Comments:
Jakobsberg, Sweden.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 2: Planetesimal differentiation and alteration | 4.566-4.550 |
5 : Primary asteroid phases | 4.566–4.560 |
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits | |
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals | <0.36 |
Geological Setting:
Amphibolite regional or contact metamorphic rocks rich in barium
Type Occurrence of Celsian
Reference:
Sjögren, H. (1895) Celsian, en anorthiten motsvarande bariumfältspat från Jakobsberg. Preliminärt meddelande. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar: 17: 578-582.
Synonyms of Celsian
Ba Feldspar (in part)
Other Language Names for Celsian
Varieties of Celsian
Kasoite | A potassian (K-bearing) variety of celsian. |
Relationship of Celsian to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Alkali Feldspar | A subgroup of the Feldspar Group, poor in calcium, and mostly rich in potassium. | |
Banalsite | Na2BaAl4Si4O16 | Orth. mm2 : Iba2 |
Buddingtonite | (NH4)(AlSi3O8) | Mon. 2 : P21 |
Cleavelandite | Na(AlSi3O8) | Tric. |
Filatovite | K(Al,Zn)2(As,Si)2O8 | Mon. 2/m |
Hexacelsian | BaAl2Si2O8 | Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P63/mcm |
Kokchetavite | K(AlSi3O8) | Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6/mcc |
Kumdykolite | Na(AlSi3O8) | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm |
Paracelsian | Ba(Al2Si2O8) | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 | |
Reedmergnerite | NaBSi3O8 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Slawsonite | Sr(Al2Si2O8) | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Stronalsite | Na2SrAl4Si4O16 | Orth. |
Svyatoslavite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) | Mon. 2 : P21 |
Unnamed (New Ordered Member of the Alkali Feldspar Series) | KNa(Si6Al2)O16 | Mon. m |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
15 photos of Celsian associated with Sanbornite | Ba2(Si4O10) |
14 photos of Celsian associated with Titantaramellite | Ba4(Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2Clx |
11 photos of Celsian associated with Gillespite | BaFe2+Si4O10 |
10 photos of Celsian associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
10 photos of Celsian associated with Bazirite | BaZr(Si3O9) |
10 photos of Celsian associated with Willemite | Zn2SiO4 |
9 photos of Celsian associated with Andradite | Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
6 photos of Celsian associated with Hyalophane | (K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
6 photos of Celsian associated with Melanotekite | Pb2Fe3+2(Si2O7)O2 |
6 photos of Celsian associated with Fresnoite | Ba2Ti(Si2O7)O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
9.FA. | Hexacelsian | BaAl2Si2O8 |
9.FA. | Wodegongjieite | KCa3(Al7Si9)O32 |
9.FA.05 | Kaliophilite | KAlSiO4 |
9.FA.05 | Kalsilite | KAlSiO4 |
9.FA.05 | Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
9.FA.05 | Panunzite | (K,Na)AlSiO4 |
9.FA.05 | Trikalsilite | K2NaAl3(SiO4)3 |
9.FA.05 | Yoshiokaite | (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)O4] |
9.FA.05 | Carnegieite | NaAlSiO4 |
9.FA.05 va | Germanate-nepheline | (Na,K)AlGeO4 |
9.FA.05 | Megakalsilite | KAlSiO4 |
9.FA.05 | Trinepheline | NaAlSiO4 |
9.FA.05 | Davidsmithite | (Ca,◻)2Na6Al8Si8O32 |
9.FA.10 | Malinkoite | NaBSiO4 |
9.FA.15 | Virgilite | LiAlSi2O6 |
9.FA.25 | Lisitsynite | KBSi2O6 |
9.FA.30 | Buddingtonite | (NH4)(AlSi3O8) |
9.FA.30 | Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
9.FA.30 | Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
9.FA.30 | Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
9.FA.30 | Rubicline | Rb(AlSi3O8) |
9.FA.30 va | Germanate-celsian | BaAl2Ge2O8 |
9.FA.30 | Monalbite | NaAlSi3O8 |
9.FA.30 | Ferrisanidine | K[Fe3+Si3O8] |
9.FA.35 | Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
9.FA.35 | Anorthite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
9.FA.35 | Reedmergnerite | NaBSi3O8 |
9.FA.40 | Paracelsian | Ba(Al2Si2O8) |
9.FA.45 | Svyatoslavite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
9.FA.45 | Kumdykolite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
9.FA.50 | Slawsonite | Sr(Al2Si2O8) |
9.FA.55 | Lisetite | CaNa2Al4Si4O16 |
9.FA.60 | Banalsite | Na2BaAl4Si4O16 |
9.FA.60 | Stronalsite | Na2SrAl4Si4O16 |
9.FA.65 | Danburite | CaB2Si2O8 |
9.FA.65 | Maleevite | BaB2Si2O8 |
9.FA.65 | Pekovite | SrB2Si2O8 |
9.FA.70 | Stöfflerite | CaAl2Si2O8 |
9.FA.70 | Lingunite | (Na,Ca)AlSi3O8 |
9.FA.70 | Liebermannite | KAlSi3O8 |
9.FA.75 | Kokchetavite | K(AlSi3O8) |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Celsian
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-928.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Celsian
Reference List:
Grifen, Dana T., Ribbe, P. H. (1976) Refinement of the crystal structure of celsian. American Mineralogist, 61 (5-6) 414-418
Cressey, G. (2004) W.A. Deer, R.A. Howie, W.S. Wise and J. Zussman. Rock-Forming Minerals. Volume 4B. Second Edition. Framework Silicates: Silica Minerals, Feldspathoids and the Zeolites.
London (The Geological Society) 2004, xv + 982 pp. £125 (£62.50 to GSL members) ISBN 1-86239-144-0. Hardback. Mineralogical Magazine, 68 (5) 831-832 doi:10.1180/0680831pp.166-178
Localities for Celsian
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Antarctica | |
| Crozaz et al. (1988) |
Australia | |
| Worner et al. (et al) |
Mineralogical Society of America - ... +1 other reference | |
Teale et al. (2006) | |
Mason (1987) | |
| Cave et al. (2023) |
Knights | |
| Zaw et al. (1997) +1 other reference |
| rumbleresources.com.au (2021) |
| minedex.dmirs.wa.gov.au (2020) +1 other reference |
Austria | |
| Kolitsch et al. (2013) |
| Kolitsch et al. (2021) |
Brazil | |
| Dr Jaroslav Hyrsl specimen |
Guarino et al. (2021) | |
| Prinz et al. (1977) +2 other references |
Canada | |
| Dalsin (2013) +1 other reference |
| British Columbia Ministry of Energy |
Caudle +1 other reference | |
| Am Min 90: 1655-1660 |
| McClenaghan et al. (2009) |
| Pabst et al. (1984) +2 other references |
| Econ Geol (1985) |
Econ Geol (1989) +1 other reference | |
China | |
| Can. J. Earth Sci. 44: 479–492 (2007) |
| Haiqi Yan et al. (2007) |
Cuba | |
| Blanco-Quintero et al. (2010) |
Czech Republic | |
| Tasáryová et al. (2014) |
| Fojt |
| Matýsek et al. (2016) |
| Matýsek et al. (2016) |
| Matýsek et al. (2016) |
| Souček |
Pauliš | |
| Minerální a horninová asociace z ... +2 other references |
| Novak et al. (2010) |
Eswatini | |
| Roerdink et al. (2016) |
Europe | |
| Zelinková et al. (2022) |
Finland | |
| Sergeeva et al. (2011, February) |
France | |
| Pouit et al. (1986) +1 other reference |
| Jean-Marie LAURENT's collection |
Germany | |
| Skrzyńska et al. (2023) |
| Juroszek et al. (2022) +1 other reference |
Greece | |
| Reinecke (1982) |
India | |
| Baidya |
Baidya (2014) | |
Baidya | |
Baidya | |
Baidya | |
Chakrabarty et al. (2011) +2 other references | |
Iraq | |
| Mohammad et al. (2007) |
Israel | |
| Krzątała et al. (2022) |
Krzątała et al. (2023) | |
Italy | |
| Balestra C. (2014) |
| Samples collected by Luigi Chiappino ... |
| |
| Pezzotta et al. (1999) |
| De Michele (1974) |
| Piccoli et al. (2007) |
| Stara et al. (1994) |
Japan | |
| Am Min 85:242-250 |
| Handbook of Mineralogy (c) |
| Am Min 85:242-250 +1 other reference |
| Masutomi Museum specimen (Kyoto) |
| Shi et al. (2012) |
| www.city.itoigawa.niigata.jp/fmm/detail-menu2/min109-corundum/corundum.html (in matrix of corundum-bearing river cobbles) |
| Akira Kato (undated manuscript) |
| Mandarino (2001) +1 other reference |
Kazakhstan | |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
| Saburov (2005) |
Mexico | |
| An E-rock sample (December 23, 2020) |
| Alfors et al. (1984) +1 other reference |
| Mikhail Ostrooumov and Alfredo Victoria Morales (2010) |
Mongolia | |
| Savina et al. (2020) |
| Peretyazhko et al. (2017) +1 other reference |
Morocco | |
| Bea et al. (2013) |
Myanmar | |
| Shi et al. (2012) |
Shi et al. (2012) | |
| Shi et al. (2012) |
Namibia | |
| Viswanathan et al. (1980) |
| von Bezing (2007) |
Northwest Africa Meteorites | |
Riches (2012) | |
Riches (2012) | |
Norway | |
| www.ngu.no (2014) |
Poland | |
| Kruszewski et al. (2014) |
| Pierwoła |
| Łukasz Kruszewski preliminary ... |
| Kruszewski et al. (2012) |
Romania | |
| Hârtopanu et al. (1996) +1 other reference |
| minerals-of-the-carpathians.eu (2008) |
Russia | |
| Sorokina et al. (2019) |
| Савельева et al. (2021) |
Mitchell et al. (1993) | |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) |
| Kovalev et al. (2023) |
| a review. Can Mineral +1 other reference |
[World of Stones 12:49] | |
Kostin (2021) | |
| Okrugin et al. (2023) |
| Brusnitsyn (2000) |
| Brusnitsyn A.I. (2000) |
South Korea | |
| Jeong et al. (1999) |
| Gi Young Jeong (2006) |
Spain | |
| Casillas et al. (2024) |
| Moro et al. (2001) |
| Moro et al. (2001) |
Sweden | |
| Holtstam et al. (2001) |
| |
| Holtstam et al. (1999) |
| Sjögren (1895) +2 other references |
| Nysten (2004) |
Switzerland | |
| Graeser S. et al. (2003) +1 other reference |
| Ansermet (2012) |
UK | |
| Coats (1980) +2 other references |
Richard Bell Collection | |
| Cotterell (2006) |
| BMS Collection. +3 other references |
USA | |
| Cliff D. Taylor (April 2001) |
| Slack et al. (2014) |
| - (2008) |
- (2008) | |
| Amer. Mineral (1929) |
| Galbraith (1959) |
| Walstrom (n.d.) +3 other references |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
| Walstrom (n.d.) +2 other references |
| Rogers (1932) +5 other references |
| David Lowe analysis of sample ... |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 365. +3 other references |
| Mineralogical Record: 34 (2) +1 other reference |
| U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open-File Report ... +1 other reference |
| U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open-File Report ... +1 other reference |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Frondel et al. (1966) +2 other references |
FOMS Millsite Committee (1986) | |
King (n.d.) | |
| Jackson (1986) |
Quick NavTopAbout CelsianUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesVarietiesRelationshipsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Benallt Mine, Rhiw, Aberdaron, Gwynedd, Wales, UK