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Isurus

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	34613	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=34613

Rank

genus (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Lamniformes : Lamnidae : Isurus

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
class	Chondrichthyes	Huxley 1880
subclass	Elasmobranchii	Bonaparte 1838
infraclass	Euselachii
-	Neoselachii	Compagno 1977
-	Selachii
superorder	Galeomorphi
order	Lamniformes	Berg 1958
family	Lamnidae	Müller and Henle 1838
genus	Isurus	Agassiz 1843

Common Name

mako shark

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Isurus	genus	belongs to Lamninae	stated without evidence	Hay, 1902
Isurus	genus	belongs to Lamnidae	stated without evidence	Chapman, 1918
Isurus	genus	belongs to Isuridae	stated without evidence	Weiler, 1938
Isurus	genus	belongs to Lamnidae	stated without evidence	Jordan, 1963
Isurus	genus	belongs to Isuridae	stated without evidence	Miller, 1967
Isurus	genus	belongs to Lamnidae	stated without evidence	Applegate, 1970
Isurus	genus	belongs to Isuridae	stated without evidence	Herman, 1975
Isurus	genus	belongs to Lamnidae	stated without evidence	Thurmond and Jones, 1981
Isurus	genus	belongs to Isuridae	stated without evidence	Kumar and Loyal, 1987
Isurus	genus	belongs to Lamnidae	stated without evidence	Cione and Reguero, 1994
Isurus	genus	belongs to Lamniformes	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Isurus	genus	belongs to Lamnidae	stated without evidence	Antunes and Balbino, 2003
Isurus	genus	belongs to Lamnidae	stated with evidence	Compagno, 2005
Isurus	genus	belongs to Lamnidae	stated without evidence	Marsili et al., 2007

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

2 (14%)

First Recorded Appearance

101 - 94 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous

Environment

marine (based on Vertebrata)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Lamniformes)

Diet

carnivore (based on Lamniformes)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

L. Agassiz. 1843. Recherches Sur Les Poissons Fossiles. Tome I (livr. 18). Imprimerie de Petitpierre, Neuchatel

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Isurus desori ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	37	83.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	5.33 Ma Miocene
Isurus escheri ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	5	13.8 Ma Miocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
Isurus leptodon ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	4	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Isurus minutus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	11	28.1 Ma Oligocene	7.25 Ma Miocene
Isurus moniwaensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Isurus oxyrinchus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	86	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
Isurus paucus species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	23.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Isurus praecursor ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	25	56.0 Ma Paleocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Isurus retroflexus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	25	33.9 Ma Oligocene	7.25 Ma Miocene
Isurus sanctaeclarae ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Isurus sillimanii species	listed (PBDB)	3	20.4 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Isurus spallanzani species	listed (PBDB)	1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1843	Isurus Agassiz p. 176
1902	Isurus Hay p. 305
1918	Isurus Chapman p. 16
1919	Isurus Jordan and Gilbert p. 21
1923	Isurus Jordan and Hanibal p. 50
1924	Isurus Chapman and Cudmore p. 129
1925	Isurus Jordan p. 8
1938	Isurus Weiler p. 7
1963	Isurus Jordan p. 599
1967	Isurus Miller p. 223
1969	Isurus Deraniyagala p. 5
1970	Isurus Applegate p. 397
1975	Isurus Herman p. 167
1981	Isurus Case p. 56
1981	Isurus Thurmond and Jones p. 54
1983	Isurus Bendix-Almgreen p. 2

Year	Name and Author
1984	Isurus Squires p. 57
1985	Isurus Kuga p. 6
1987	Isurus Kumar and Loyal p. 63
1994	Isurus Cione and Reguero p. 7
1996	Isurus Martin p. 51
1998	Isurus Yabe and Hirayama p. 43
2001	Isurus Purdy et al. p. 113
2002	Isurus Sepkoski, Jr.
2003	Isurus Antunes and Balbino p. 143
2003	Isurus Vicens and Rodríguez-Perea p. 123
2005	Isurus Compagno
2007	Isurus Marsili et al. p. 36
2017	Isurus Hastings and Dooley p. 83
2018	Isurus Kent p. 68
2019	Isurus Cantalice et al. p. 431
2019	Isurus Landini et al. p. 359

References

Agassiz L. , Recherches Sur Les Poissons Fossiles. Tome I (livr. 18). Imprimerie de Petitpierre, Neuchatel, xxxii-188

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Chapman F. (1918) Descriptions and Revisions of the Cretaceous and Tertiary Fish-remains of New Zealand, New Zealand Geological Survey Branch Palaeontological Bulletin 7, 1-41

Jordan D. S., Gilbert J. Z. (1919) Fossil Fishes of the Miocene (Monterey) Formations, Leland Stanford Junior University Publications, University Series, 13-60

Jordan D. S., Hanibal H. (1923) Fossil sharks and rays of the Pacific slope of North America, Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 22, 27-63

Chapman F., Cudmore F. A. (1924) New or little-known fossils in the National Museum, Part XXVII.-Some Cainozoic fish remains, with a revision of the group, Royal Society of Victoria 36 2, 107-162

Jordan D. S. (1925) The fossil fishes of the Miocene of Southern California, Stanford University Publications. University Series 4 1, 1-51

Weiler W. (1938) Neue Untersuchungen an Mitteloligozänen Fischen Ungarns, Geologica Hungarica, Series Palaeontologica 15, 1-31

Jordan D. S. (1963) The Genera of Fishes and a Classification of Fishes, Stanford University Press, 1-816

Miller H. W. (1967) Cretaceous vertebrates from Phoebus Landing, North Carolina, Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 119, 219-235

Deraniyagala P. E. P. (1969) A Miocene vertebrate faunule from the Malu member of Ceylon, Spolia Zeylanica 31 II, 1-17

Applegate S. P. (1970) The vertebrate fauna of the Selma Formation of Alabama, Fieldiana: Geology Memoires 3 8, 385-433

Herman J. (1975) Les Selaciens de sterrains neocretaces and paleocenes de Belgique and des contrees limitrophes Elements d'une biostratigraphie intercontinentale, Memoires pour servier a l'explications des Cartes geologiques et minieres de la Belgique 15, 1-401

Case G. R. (1981) Late Eocene Selachians from South-Central Georgia, Palaeontographica Abteilung A 176 Lfg. 1-3, 52-79

Thurmond J. T., Jones D. E. (1981) , Fossil Vertebrates of Alabama, 1-244

Bendix-Almgreen S. E. (1983) Carcharodon megalodon from the Upper Miocene of Denmark, with comments on elasmobranch tooth enameloid: coronoi'n, Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 32, 1-32

Squires R. L. (1984) Megapaleontology of the Eocene Llajas Formation, Simi Valley, California, Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 350, 1-76

Kuga N. (1985) Revision of Neogene Mackerel Shark of Genus Isurus from Japan, Memoirs of the Faculty of Sciencem Kyoto University, Series of Geology & Mineralogy 51 1&2, 1-20

Kumar K., Loyal R. S. (1987) Eocene ichthyofauna from the Subathu Formation, Northwestern Himalaya, India., Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India 32, 60-84

Cione A. L., Reguero M. A. (1994) New records of the sharks Isurus and Hexanchus from the Eocene of Seymour Island, Antarctica, Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 105, 1-14

Yabe H., Hirayama R. (1998) Selachian fauna from the Upper Miocene Senhata Formation, Boso Peninsula, Central Japan, Natural History Research 5, 33-61

Purdy R. W., Schneider V. P., et al (2001) The Neogene sharks, rays, and bony fishes from Lee Creek Mine, Aurora, North Carolina, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 90, 71-202

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Antunes M. T., Balbino A. C. (2003) Uppermost Miocene Lamniform Selachians (Pisces) from the Alvalade basin (Portugal), Ciencias da Terra 15, 141-154

Vicens D. S., Rodríguez-Perea A. (2003) Vertebrats fossils (Pisces i Reptilia) del Burdigalia de cala Sant Vicenc (Pollenca, Mallorca), Boll. Soco Hist. Nat. Balears 46, 117-130

Compagno L. V. (2005) Chapter 16. Checklist of living Chondrichthyes, Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Chondrichthyes: Sharks, Batoids and Chimaeras, 503-548

Marsili S., Carnevale G., et al (2007) Early Miocene vertebrates from Montagna della Maiella, Italy, Annales de Paleontologie 93, 27-66

Hastings A. K., Dooley A. C. (2017) Fossil-collecting from the middle Miocene Carmel Church Quarry marine ecosystem in Caroline County, Virginia, The Geological Society of America Field Guide 47, 77-88 doi:10.1130/2017.0047(03)

Kent B. W. (2018) The Cartilaginous Fishes (Chimaeras, Sharks, and Rays) of Calvert Cliffs, Maryland, USA, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 100, 45-160

Cantalice K. M., Martinez-Melo A. M., et al (2019) The paleoichthyofauna housed in the Colección Nacional de Paleontología of Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Zoosystematics and Evolution 95 2, 429-452 doi:10.3897/zse.95.35435

Landini W., Collareta A., et al (2019) The early Miocene elasmobranch assemblage from Zamaca (Chilcatay T Formation, Peru), Journal of South American Earth Sciences 91, 352-371 doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2018.08.004

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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