| Source Data | |
|---|
| Rank | genus (PBDB) |
|---|
| Taxonomy (PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Avetheropoda : Paronychodon |
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Classification
(PBDB,GBIF) | |
|---|
| Opinions (PBDB) | | Name | Rank | Opinion | Evidence | Author |
|---|
| Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Plesiosauria | stated without evidence | Cope, 1876 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Goniopoda | stated without evidence | Cope, 1877 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Megalosauridae | stated without evidence | Hay, 1902 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Ptilodontidae | stated without evidence | Simpson, 1929 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Theropoda | implied | Romer, 1956 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Coeluridae | stated with evidence | Estes, 1964 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Theropoda | stated with evidence | Tatarinov, 1964 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Theropoda | stated without evidence | Ostrom, 1965 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Coeluridae | implied | Romer, 1966 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Theropoda | stated without evidence | Steel, 1970 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Coeluridae | stated without evidence | Wolberg, 1980 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Dromaeosauridae | stated without evidence | Russell, 1984 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Saurornithoididae | stated without evidence | Breithaupt, 1985 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Theropoda | stated without evidence | Clemens, 1986 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Dromaeosauridae | implied | Carroll, 1988 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Dromaeosauridae | stated without evidence | Antunes and Sigogneau-Russell, 1991 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Tyrannosauridae | stated without evidence | Eberth, 1997 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Theropoda | stated without evidence | Zinke, 1998 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Saurischia | implied | Sankey et al., 2002 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Saurischia | stated without evidence | Pearson et al., 2002 | | Paronychodon | genus | nomen dubium Troodontidae | stated with evidence | Makovicky and Norell, 2004 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Maniraptora | implied | Sankey et al., 2005 | | Paronychodon | genus | subjective synonym of Richardoestesia | stated without evidence | Longrich, 2008 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Paraves | stated with evidence | Sues and Averianov, 2013 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Theropoda | stated without evidence | Williamson and Brusatte, 2014 | | Paronychodon | genus | belongs to Coelurosauria | stated without evidence | Torices et al., 2015 |
|
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| Status (PBDB) | extinct |
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| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 2 |
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| First Recorded Appearance | 157 - 152 Ma
Jurassic |
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| Last Recorded Appearance | 70.6 - 66.0 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous |
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| Environment | terrestrial (based on Theropoda) |
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| Motility | actively mobile (based on Theropoda) |
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| Diet | carnivore (based on Coelurosauria) |
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| Reproduction | oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda) |
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| Ontogeny | accretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda) |
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| Taphonomy | hydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda) |
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| Primary Reference (PBDB) | E. D. Cope. 1876. Descriptions of some vertebrate remains from the Fort Union Beds of Montana. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 28:248-261 |
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| Year | Name and Author |
|---|
| 1876 | Paronychodon Cope |
| 1876 | Paronychodon lacustris Cope |
| 1876 | Paronychodon Cope pp. 256-257 |
| 1876 | Paronychodon lacustris Cope p. 256 |
| 1877 | Paronychodon lacustris Cope p. 316 |
| 1877 | Paronychodon Cope p. 572 |
| 1877 | Paronychodon lacustris Cope p. 572 |
| 1889 | Tripriodon Marsh |
| 1889 | Tripriodon caperatus Marsh |
| 1889 | Tripriodon Marsh p. 86 |
| 1889 | Tripriodon caperatus Marsh p. 86 figs. pl. 3, figs 18-20 |
| 1902 | Paronychodon Hay p. 490 |
| 1902 | Paronychodon lacustris Hay p. 490 |
| 1902 | Meniscoessus caperatus Hay p. 561 |
| 1929 | Paronychodon Simpson p. 100 |
| 1929 | Paronychodon lacustris Simpson pp. 100-101 |
| 1956 | Paronychodon Romer p. 618 |
| 1964 | Paronychodon Estes p. 142 |
| 1964 | Paronychodon lacustris Estes p. 142 |
| 1964 | Paronychodon Tatarinov p. 540 |
| 1965 | Paronychodon Ostrom p. 39 |
| 1965 | Paronychodon lacustris Ostrom p. 39 |
| 1966 | Paronychodon Romer p. 369 |
| 1970 | Paronychodon Steel p. 44 |
| 1970 | Paronychodon lacustris Steel p. 44 |
| 1976 | Paronychodon lacustris Sloan p. 145 |
| 1978 | Paronychodon lacustris Molnar p. 81 fig. 10 |
| Cope E. D. Descriptions of some vertebrate remains from the Fort Union Beds of Montana, Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 28, 248-261 |
| Cope E. D. Report on the geology of the region of the Judith River, Montana, and on vertebrate fossils obtained on or near the Missouri River, Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey 3 3, 565-597 |
| Marsh O. C. Discovery of Cretaceous Mammalia, American Journal of Science 38, 81-92 |
| Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868 |
| Simpson G. G. (1929) American Mesozoic Mammalia, Memoirs of the Peabody Museum of Yale University 3 1, 1-171 |
| Romer A. S. (1956) , Osteology of the Reptiles, University of Chicago Press, 1-772 |
| Estes R. (1964) Fossil vertebrates from the Late Cretaceous Lance Formation, eastern Wyoming, University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 49, 1-187 |
| Tatarinov L. P. (1964) Nadotryad Dinosauria. Dinozavry [Superorder Dinosauria. Dinosaurs], Osnovy Paleontologii [Fundamentals of Paleontology] 12, 523-589 |
| Ostrom J. H. (1965) Cretaceous vertebrate faunas of Wyoming, Wyoming Geological Association Guidebook 19, 35-41 |
| Romer A. S. (1966) , Vertebrate Paleontology, 3rd edition, 1-468 |
| Steel R. (1970) Part 14. Saurischia, Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie/Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1-87 |
| Sloan R. E. (1976) The ecology of dinosaur extinction, Athlon: Essays on Palaeontology in Honor of Loris Shano Russell. Royal Ontario Museum, Life Sciences Miscellaneous Publications, 134-154 |
| Molnar R. E. (1978) A new theropod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of central Montana, Journal of Paleontology 52 1, 73-82 |
| Lehman T. M. (1981) The Alamo Wash local fauna: a new look at the old Ojo Alamo fauna, Advances in San Juan Basin Paleontology. New Mexico University Press, Albuquerque, 189-221 |
| Carpenter K. (1982) Baby dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous Lance and Hell Creek formations and a description of a new species of theropod, Contributions to Geology, University of Wyoming 20 2, 123-134 |
| Russell D. A. (1984) A check list of the families and genera of North American dinosaurs, Syllogeus 53, 1-35 |
| Breithaupt B. H. (1985) Nonmammalian vertebrate faunas from the Late Cretaceous of Wyoming, Wyoming Geological Association 36th Annual Field Conference Guidebook: The Cretaceous Geology of Wyoming, 159-175 |
| Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698 |
| Antunes M. T., Sigogneau-Russell D. (1991) Nouvelles données sur les dinosaures du Crétacé supérieur du Portugal [New data on the dinosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous of Portugal], Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences à Paris, Série II 313, 113-119 |
| Zinke J. (1998) Small theropod teeth from the Upper Jurassic coal mine of Guimarota (Portugal), Paläontologische Zeitschrift 72 1/2, 179-189 |
| Eberth D. A., Currie P. J., et al (2001) Alberta's dinosaurs and other fossil vertebrates: Judith River and Edmonton groups (Campanian-Maastrichtian), In C. L. Hill (ed), Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, 61st Annual Meeting, Bozeman. Guidebook for the Field Trips: Mesozoic and Cenozoic Paleontology in the Western Plains and Rocky Mountains, Museum of the Rockies Occasional Paper 3, 49-75 |
| Peng J., Russell A. P., et al (2001) Vertebrate microsite assemblages (exclusive of mammals) from the Foremost and Oldman Formations of the Judith River Group (Campanian) of southeastern Alberta: an illustrated guide, Provincial Museum of Alberta, Natural History Occasional Paper 25, 1-54 |
| Pearson D. A., Schaefer T., et al (2002) Vertebrate biostratigraphy of the Hell Creek Formation in southwestern North Dakota and northwestern South Dakota, The Hell Creek Formation and the Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary in the Northern Great Plains: An Integrated Continental Record of the End of the Cretaceous, Geological Society of America Special Paper 361, 145-167 |
| Sankey J. T., Standhardt B. R., et al (2005) Theropod teeth from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian-Maastrichtian), Big Bed National Park, Texas, The Carnivorous Dinosaurs. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, 127-152 |
| Sues H.-D., Averianov A. (2013) Enigmatic teeth of small theropod dinosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian–Turonian) of Uzbekistan, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 50, 306-314 |
| Williamson T. E., Brusatte S. L. (2014) Small theropod teeth from the Late Cretaceous of the San Juan Basin, northwestern New Mexico and their implications for understanding latest Cretaceous dinosaur evolution, PLoS ONE 9 4, e93190:1-23 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0093190 |
| Torices A., Currie P. J., et al (2015) Theropod dinosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous of the South Pyrenees Basin of Spain, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 60 3, 611-626 doi:10.4202/app.2012.0121 |
Paronychodon âśť
