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Notoungulata

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	43320	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=43320

Rank

order (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Notoungulata

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
order	Notoungulata	Roth 1903

Common Name

notoungulate

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Notoungulata	order	belongs to Ungulata	stated without evidence	Gregory, 1910
Notoungulata	order	belongs to Meridiungulata	stated without evidence	McKenna, 1975
Notoungulata	order	belongs to Eutheria	implied	Carroll, 1988
Notoungulata	order	belongs to Mammalia	stated without evidence	Shockey et al., 2009
Notoungulata	order	belongs to Eutheria	stated without evidence	Kramarz et al., 2010

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

732

Extant Size (PBDB)

5 (0.68%)

First Recorded Appearance

66.0 - 61.6 Ma
Paleocene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Eutheria)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

herbivore (based on Notoungulata)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

S. Roth. 1903. Los Ungulados Sudamericanos. Anales del Museo de La Plata (Sección Paleontológica) 5:1-36

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Entelonychia ✝ suborder	listed (PBDB)	2	29.0 Ma Oligocene	13.8 Ma Miocene
Hegetotheria ✝ suborder	listed (PBDB)	83	56.0 Ma Paleocene	28.4 Ma Oligocene
Homalodotheria ✝ suborder	listed (PBDB)
Notioprogonia suborder	listed (PBDB)	3	58.7 Ma Paleocene	55.8 Ma Eocene
Toxodontia ✝ suborder	listed (PBDB)	639	59.0 Ma Paleocene	0.01 Ma Pleistocene
Typotheria suborder	listed (PBDB)	528	56.0 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Typotheroidea suborder	listed (PBDB)
Albertogaudryidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Archaeopithecidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	27	56.0 Ma Paleocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Henricosborniidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	61	61.7 Ma Paleocene	29.0 Ma Oligocene
Notostylopidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	82	58.7 Ma Paleocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Oldfieldthomasiidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	77	59.0 Ma Paleocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Acoelodus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	48.6 Ma Eocene	48.6 Ma Eocene
Allalmeia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	42.0 Ma Eocene	42.0 Ma Eocene
Archaeoplus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Eudiastatus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Notopithecidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	90	59.0 Ma Paleocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1897	Notopithecus summus Ameghino p. 421
1901	Edvardocopeia Ameghino p. 398
1901	Pleurystylops Ameghino p. 398
1901	Pleurystylops glebosus Ameghino p. 398
1901	Edvardocopeia Ameghino p. 399
1901	Edvardocopeia sinuosa Ameghino p. 399
1901	Carolodarwinia Ameghino p. 410
1901	Carolodarwinia pyramidentata Ameghino p. 410
1901	Trimerostephanos ultimus Ameghino p. 419–420
1902	Lophiodonticulus Ameghino p. 17
1902	Lophiodonticulus patagonicus Ameghino p. 17
1902	Lophiodonticulus retroversus Ameghino p. 17–18
1902	Tonostylops Ameghino p. 32
1902	Tonostylops spissus Ameghino p. 32
1902	Pyramidon Roth
1902	Pyramidon klaatschi Roth
1902	Ultrapithecus robustus Roth p. 251
1902	Degonia sympathica Roth p. 252
1902	Puelia Roth p. 252
1902	Puelia plicata Roth p. 252
1902	Ortholophodon Roth p. 253

Year	Name and Author
1903	Notoungulata Roth
1903	Archaeotypotherium transitum Roth pp. 22-23
1904	Claenodon patagonicus Ameghino pp. 50, 404
1904	Isotypotherium Ameghino p. 421
1904	Epitypotherium cancellatum Ameghino p. 422 fig. 70
1904	Procolpodon Ameghino p. 438
1904	Procolpodon foratus Ameghino p. 438 fig. 87
1910	Notoungulata Gregory p. 466
1911	Notoungulatu Jaekel p. 244
1935	Brandmayria Cabrera
1935	Brandmayria simpsoni Cabrera p. 13
1975	Notoungulata McKenna p. 43
1988	Brandmayria Carroll
1988	Notoungulata Carroll
1993	Puelia Bond and López
2009	Notoungulata Shockey et al.
2010	Notoungulata Kramarz et al.
2010	Puelia López et al.
2010	Puelia plicata López et al.
2020	Notoungulata de Silva Lacerda et al.

References

Roth S. (1903) Los Ungulados Sudamericanos, Anales del Museo de La Plata (Sección Paleontológica) 5, 1-36

Ameghino F. Mammiféres crétacés de l’Argentine (Deuxième contribution à la connaissance de la fauna mammalogique de couches à Pyrotherium) [Cretaceous mammals of Argentina (second contribution to the knowledge of the mammalian fauna of the Pyrotherium Beds)], Boletin Instituto Geografico Argentino 18 4–9, 406-521

Ameghino F. (1901) Notices préliminaires sur des ongulés nouveaux des terrains crétacés de Patagonie [Preliminary notes on new ungulates from the Cretaceous terrains of Patagonia], Boletin de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Córdoba 16, 349-429

Ameghino F. (1902) Notices préliminaires sur des mammifères nouveaux des terrains Crétacé de Patagonie {preliminary notes on new mammals from the Cretaceous terrains of Patagonia], Boletin de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Córdoba 17, 5-70

Gregory W. K. (1910) The orders of mammals, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 27, 1-524

Jaekel O. (1911) , Die Wirbeltiere. Eine Übersicht über die Fossilen und Lebenden Formen [The Vertebrates. An Overview of the Fossil and Living Forms], viii-252

McKenna M. C. (1975) Toward a phylogenetic classification of the Mammalia, Phylogeny of the Primates, Plenum Publishing, New York, 21-46

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Bond M., López G. M. (1993) El primer Notohippidae (Mammalia, Notoungulata) de la Formación Lumbrera (Grupo Salta) del noroeste Argentino. Consideraciones sobre la sistematica de la familia Notohippidae, Ameghiniana 30 1, 59-68

Shockey B. J., Gismondi R. S., et al (2009) Paleontology and geochronology of the Deseadan (late Oligocene) of Moquegua, Peru, American Museum Novitates 3668, 1-24 doi:10.1206/662.1

Kramarz A. G., Vucetich M. G., et al (2010) A new mammal fauna at the top of the Gran Barranca sequence and its biochronological significance, The Paleontology of Gran Barranca: Evolution and Environmental Change through the Middle Cenozoic of Patagonia, 264-277

López G. M., Ribeiro A. M., et al (2010) The Notohippidae (Mammalia, Notoungulata) from Gran Barranca: preliminary considerations, The Paleontology of Gran Barranca: Evolution and Environmental Change through the Middle Cenozoic of Patagonia, 143-151

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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