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Teleostei

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	63035	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=63035

Rank

unranked clade (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Teleostei

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
superclass	Actinopterygii
class	Actinopteri
subclass	Neopterygii
-	Teleosteomorpha	Arratia et al. 2004
subclass	Teleostei

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Teleostei	subclass	belongs to Osteichthyes	stated with evidence	Huxley, 1880
Teleostei	suborder	belongs to Actinopterygii	stated with evidence	Gadow, 1898
Teleostei	subclass	belongs to Teleostomata	stated without evidence	Jaekel, 1911
Teleostei	superorder	belongs to Actinopteri	stated without evidence	Jordan, 1963
Teleostei	infraclass	belongs to Osteichthyes	stated without evidence	Thurmond and Jones, 1981
Teleostei	infraclass	belongs to Actinopterygii	stated without evidence	Case and Schwimmer, 1988
Teleostei	unranked clade	belongs to Neopterygii	stated with evidence	Normark et al., 1991
Teleostei	unranked clade	belongs to Actinopterygii	stated without evidence	Domning and Clark, 1993
Teleostei	unranked clade	belongs to Actinopterygii	stated without evidence	Murray, 1996
Teleostei	subclass	belongs to Osteichthyes	stated without evidence	Peng et al., 2001
Teleostei	subclass	belongs to Neopterygii	stated without evidence	Meyer and Zardoya, 2003
Teleostei	unranked clade	belongs to Halecostomi	stated without evidence	Forey et al., 2003
Teleostei	subclass	belongs to Actinopterygii	stated without evidence	Fierstine and Starnes, 2005
Teleostei	infraclass	belongs to Neopterygii	stated without evidence	Nelson, 2006
Teleostei	subclass	belongs to Actinopterygii	stated without evidence	Gottfried et al., 2006
Teleostei	unranked clade	belongs to Actinopterygii	stated without evidence	Carnevale, 2007
Teleostei	unranked clade	belongs to Neopterygii	stated without evidence	Grande and Grande, 2008
Teleostei	subclass	belongs to Actinopterygii	stated without evidence	Zalohar et al., 2009
Teleostei	unranked clade	belongs to Neopterygii	stated without evidence	Long, 2011
Teleostei	infraclass	belongs to Actinopterygii	stated without evidence	Denton, 2013
Teleostei	infraclass	belongs to Neopterygii	stated with evidence	Betancur-R et al., 2013
Teleostei	unranked clade	belongs to Teleosteomorpha	stated with evidence	Arratia, 2017
Teleostei	unranked clade	belongs to Teleosteomorpha	stated without evidence	Ebersole et al., 2019

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

5,252

Extant Size (PBDB)

2,011 (38%)

First Recorded Appearance

251 - 242 Ma
Triassic

Environment

marine (based on Vertebrata)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Actinopterygii)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. Peng, A. P. Russell, and D. B. Brinkman. 2001. Vertebrate microsite assemblages (exclusive of mammals) from the Foremost and Oldman Formations of the Judith River Group (Campanian) of southeastern Alberta: an illustrated guide. Provincial Museum of Alberta, Natural History Occasional Paper 25:1-54

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Clupeomorpha superorder	listed (PBDB)	42	145 Ma Late Jurassic	0 Ma Extant
Polymyxiomorpha superorder	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Acanthopteri order	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Bathyclupeiformes order	listed (PBDB)
Catosteomi order	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Chromides order	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Crossognathiformes ✝ order	listed (PBDB)	34	151 Ma Late Jurassic	23.0 Ma Miocene
Discocephali order	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Dorsetichthyiformes ✝ order	listed (PBDB)	3	197 Ma Early Jurassic	197 Ma Early Jurassic
Gasterosteiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	16	59.2 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Gobioidea order	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Jugulares order	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Lampriformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	11.6 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Leptolepidiformes order	listed (PBDB)	91	242 Ma Middle Triassic	122 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Lyopomi order	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Malacopteri order	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Opisthomi order	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Pediculati ✝ order	listed (PBDB)
Pharyngognathi order	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Pholidophoriformes order	listed (PBDB)	135	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	112 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Scorpaeniformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	33	47.8 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Stephanoberyciformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Symbranchia order	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Tselfatiiformes ✝ order	listed (PBDB)	11	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Xenopterygii order	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Araripichthyidae ✝ family	listed (PBDB)	4	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	93.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Aspidorhynchidae ✝ family	listed (PBDB)	115	168 Ma Middle Jurassic	61.7 Ma Paleocene
Chongichthyidae ✝ family	listed (PBDB)	1	164 Ma Middle Jurassic	164 Ma Middle Jurassic
Asiatolepis ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Jinanichthys ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Longdeichthys ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Paralycoptera ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Teleocephala genus	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Todiltia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Tonghuaichthys ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Elopocephalai unranked clade	listed (PBDB)	601	156 Ma Jurassic	0 Ma Extant
Euteleostei unranked clade	listed (PBDB)	29	101 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Euteleosteii unranked clade	listed (PBDB)	1	101 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Osteoglossocephalai unranked clade	listed (PBDB)	6,424	168 Ma Middle Jurassic	0 Ma Extant
Osteossomorpha unranked clade	listed (PBDB)	124	156 Ma Jurassic	41.3 Ma Eocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1846	Teleostei Müller
1880	Teleostei Huxley p. 662
1898	Teleostei Gadow p. 8
1911	Teleostea Jaekel p. 87
1956	Amphiuma nordica Brunner
1963	Teleostei Jordan p. 616
1981	Teleostei Thurmond and Jones p. 87
1987	Teleostei Kumar and Loyal p. 73
1988	Teleostei Case and Schwimmer p. 299
1991	Teleostei Normark et al. p. 829
1993	Teleostei Domning and Clark p. 413
1996	Teleostei Murray p. 642
1998	Teleostei Fierstine p. 34
2001	Teleostei Fierstine p. 28
2001	Teleostei Peng et al. p. 15
2003	Teleostei Forey et al. p. 228

Year	Name and Author
2003	Teleostei Meyer and Zardoya
2004	Teleostei Alvarado-Ortega
2005	Teleostei Fierstine and Starnes p. 281
2006	Teleostei Gottfried et al.
2006	Teleostei Nelson
2007	Teleostei Carnevale p. 8
2008	Teleostei Grande and Grande p. 10
2009	Teleostei Zalohar et al. p. 80
2011	Teleostei Long p. 242
2012	Teleostei Fierstine et al. p. 12
2013	Teleostei Betancur-R. et al.
2013	Teleostei Denton p. 786
2017	Teleostei Arratia p. 21
2018	Teleosti Carnevale and Godfrey p. 167
2019	Teleostei Ebersole et al. p. 156

References

Peng J., Russell A. P., et al (2001) Vertebrate microsite assemblages (exclusive of mammals) from the Foremost and Oldman Formations of the Judith River Group (Campanian) of southeastern Alberta: an illustrated guide, Provincial Museum of Alberta, Natural History Occasional Paper 25, 1-54

Huxley T. H. On the application of the laws of evolution to the arrangement of the Vertebrata, and more particularly of the Mammalia, Proceedings of the Zoological Society, London 43, 649-662

Gadow H. , A Classification of Vertebrata Recent and Extinct, xvii-82

Jaekel O. (1911) , Die Wirbeltiere. Eine Übersicht über die Fossilen und Lebenden Formen [The Vertebrates. An Overview of the Fossil and Living Forms], viii-252

Jordan D. S. (1963) The Genera of Fishes and a Classification of Fishes, Stanford University Press, 1-816

Thurmond J. T., Jones D. E. (1981) , Fossil Vertebrates of Alabama, 1-244

Kumar K., Loyal R. S. (1987) Eocene ichthyofauna from the Subathu Formation, Northwestern Himalaya, India., Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India 32, 60-84

Case G. R., Schwimmer D. R. (1988) Late Cretaceous Fish from the Blufftown Formation (Campanian) in Western Georgia, Journal of Paleontology 62 2, 290-301

Domning D. P., Clark J. M. (1993) Jamaican Tertiary marine Vertebratra, Geological Society of America Memoir 182, 413-415

Murray A. M. (1996) A new Paleocene genus and species of percopsid, Massamorichthys wilsoni (Paracanthopterygii) from Joffre Bridge, Alberta, Canada, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16 4, 642-652

Fierstine H. L. (1998) Makaira sp, cf. M. nigricans Lacepede, 1802 (Teleostei: Perciformes: Istiophoridae) from the Eastover Formation, Late Miocene, Virginia, and A Reexamination of Istiophorus Calvertensis Berry, 1917, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18 1, 30-42

Fierstine H. L. (2001) Analysis and new records of billfish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Istiophoridae) from the Yorktown Formation, Early Pliocene of eastern North Carolina at Lee Creek Mine, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 90, 21-69

Forey P. L., Yi L., et al (2003) Fossil fishes from the Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) of Namoura, Lebanon, Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 1 4, 227-330 doi:10.1017/S147720190300107X

Meyer A., Zardoya R. (2003) Recent advances in the (molecular) phylogeny of vertebrates, Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 34, 311-338

Alvarado-Ortega J. (2004) Description and Relationships of a New Ichthyodectiform Fish from the Tlayúa Formation (Early Cretaceous: Albian), Puebla, Mexico, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24 4, 802-813

Fierstine H. L., Starnes J. E. (2005) Xiphiorhynchus cf. X. eocaenicus (Woodward, 1901), (Scombroidei: Xiphiidae: Xiphiorhynchinae) from the middle Eocene of Mississippi, the first transatlantic distribution of a species of Xiphiorhynchus, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25 2, 280-287

Gottfried M. D., Fordyce R. E., et al (2006) Megalampris keyesi, a Giant Moonfish (Teleostei, Lampridiformes) from the Late Oligocene of New Zealand 26 3, 544-551

Nelson J. S. (2006) , Fishes of the world, 4th edition, 1-601

Carnevale G. (2007) Fossil fishes from the Serravallian (Middle Miocene) of Torricella Peligna, Italy, Palaeontographia Italica 91, 1-67

Grande L., Grande T. (2008) Redescription of the type species for the genus Notogeneus (Teleostei: Gonorhynchidae)based on new, well-preserved material, The Paleontological Society Memoir 70, 1-31

Zalohar J., Hitij T., et al (2009) Two new species of seahorses (Syngnathidae, Hippocampus) from the Middle Miocene (Sarmatian) Coprolitic Horizon in Tunjice Hills, Slovenia: the oldest fossil record of seahorses, Annales de Paleontologie 95, 71-96

Long J. A. (2011) , The Rise of Fishes: 500 Million Years of Evolution (Second Edition), 1-287

Fierstine H. L., Huddleston R. W., et al (2012) Catalog of the Neogene bony fishes of California: A ystematic inventory of all published accounts, Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences 159, 1-206

Betancur-R. R., Broughton R. E., et al (2013) The tree of life and a new classification of bony fishes, PLOS Currents Tree of Life doi:10.1371/currents.tol.53ba26640df0ccaee75bb165c8c26288

Denton J. S. (2013) Lanternfish (Teleostei, Myctophiformes, Myctophidae) body fossils from the Modelo Formation (Upper Miocene) of Los Angeles County, California, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 33 4, 786-793 doi:10.1080/039.033.0415

Arratia G. (2017) New Triassic teleosts (Actinopterygii, Teleosteomorpha) from northern Italy and their phylogenetic relationships among the most basal teleosts, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 37, e1312690

Carnevale G., Godfrey S. J. (2018) Miocene Bony Fishes of the Calvert, Choptank, St. Marys, and Eastover Formations, Chesapeake Group, Maryland and Virginia, Smithsonian Contribution to Paleobiology, 161-212

Ebersole J. A., Cicimurri D. J., et al (2019) Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, European Journal of Taxonomy 585, 1-274 doi:10.5852/ejt.2019.585

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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