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Diadochite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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02680440014946277503043.jpg
Diadochite

Richelle, Visé, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium
00645010014977216065110.jpg
Diadochite

Richelle, Visé, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium
02436870014977225095521.jpg
Diadochite

Richelle, Visé, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium
02680440014946277503043.jpg
Diadochite

Richelle, Visé, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium
01512220014947500292641.jpg
Diadochite

Richelle, Visé, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium
09535590014947500284989.jpg
Diadochite

Richelle, Visé, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium
02680440014946277503043.jpg
Diadochite

Richelle, Visé, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium
00645010014977216065110.jpg
Diadochite

Richelle, Visé, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium
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About DiadochiteHide

Formula:
Fe3+2(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 6H2O
Colour:
Yellow to greenish-yellow or brown, reddish brown, light green, light yellow; pale yellow to yellowish brown in transmitted light.
Lustre:
Resinous, Waxy, Greasy, Dull, Earthy
Hardness:
3 - 4
Specific Gravity:
2.0 - 2.4
Crystal System:
Amorphous
Name:
Named in 1837 by Johann Friedric August Breithaupt from the Greek διάδοχος for "successor," presumably in allusion to its secondary origin.
An amorphous ferric iron phosphate-sulphate. Visually similar to destinezite, with which it was often confused, until destinezite was (re)defined as the crystalline equivalent of the amorphous diadochite. (IMA decision 00-E)

A secondary mineral occurring in gossans and coal deposits as the result of sulfate-rich solutions reacting with earlier phosphates; common in secondary phosphate assemblages in granitic pegmatites; in cave deposits, or as a post-mining product.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
1279
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1279:5
GUID
(UUID V4):
af2c6307-91a6-4ce0-8621-0cc28a5267e5

IMA Classification of DiadochiteHide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1837

Classification of DiadochiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2023):
8.DB.05

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4< 1:1
Dana 7th ed.:
43.5.2.1
Dana 8th ed.:
43.5.2.1

43 : COMPOUND PHOSPHATES, ETC.
5 : Hydrated Compound Phosphates, etc·, Containing Hydroxyl or Halogen
Hey's CIM Ref.:
22.3.25

22 : Phosphates, Arsenates or Vanadates with other Anions
3 : Phosphates, arsenates or vanadates with sulphates

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
DdcIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of DiadochiteHide

Lustre:
Resinous, Waxy, Greasy, Dull, Earthy
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent, Opaque
Comment:
Lustre dull in earthy material, waxy, horn-like in gel masses.
Colour:
Yellow to greenish-yellow or brown, reddish brown, light green, light yellow; pale yellow to yellowish brown in transmitted light.
Streak:
Yellow to yellow-brown
Hardness:
3 - 4 on Mohs scale
Hardness Data:
Measured
Tenacity:
Fragile
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Conchoidal, Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
2.0 - 2.4 g/cm3 (Measured)    2.32 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of DiadochiteHide

Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.615 nβ = 1.618 - 1.638 nγ = 1.665 - 1.670 n = 1.60 - 1.61
2V:
Measured: 55°
Birefringence:
0.06
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.050 - 0.055
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r > v strong
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Comments:
Isotropic when glassy. Measured 2V = small.

Chemistry of DiadochiteHide

Mindat Formula:
Fe3+2(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 6H2O
Elements listed:
Fe, H, O, P, S - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of DiadochiteHide

Crystal System:
Amorphous
Morphology:
Found as nodules or colloform crusts, massive; glassy, earthy.
Comment:
Amorphous to x-rays.

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
8.74 Å(100)
8.28 Å(90)
4.377 Å(100)
4.082 Å(65)
3.929 Å(85)
2.942 Å(65)
2.918 Å(40)
Comments:
Also ICDD 42-1364

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Near-surface Processes
21 : Chemically precipitated carbonate, phosphate, iron formations
High-? alteration and/or metamorphism
31 : Thermally altered carbonate, phosphate, and iron formations
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals]
47b : [Sulfates and sulfites]
47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates]
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere<0.6
50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals<0.36
52 : Guano- and urine-derived minerals<0.4
Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals<10 Ka
54 : Coal and other mine fire minerals (see also #51 and #56)
Geological Setting:
Gossan deposits, coal deposits, late stage mineralization in granitic pegmatites, caves, post-mining deposition.

Type Occurrence of DiadochiteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Arnsbach, Probstzella, Saalfeld-Rudolstadt District, Thuringia, Germany
General Appearance of Type Material:
Kidney-shaped and stalactite-like shapes.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Mining Academy, Freiberg, Saxony, Germany, number 20765.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Slate altered by ground water, perhaps originally post-mine in occurrence.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Pyrite

Synonyms of DiadochiteHide

Other Language Names for DiadochiteHide

Varieties of DiadochiteHide

GeldiadochiteA gel form of Diadochite

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
8 photos of Diadochite associated with MitridatiteCa2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
8 photos of Diadochite associated with HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
6 photos of Diadochite associated with MesseliteCa2Fe2+(PO4)2 · 2H2O
6 photos of Diadochite associated with Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
4 photos of Diadochite associated with CacoxeniteFe3+24AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O
3 photos of Diadochite associated with StrunziteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O
3 photos of Diadochite associated with CassiteriteSnO2
2 photos of Diadochite associated with PurpuriteMn3+(PO4)
2 photos of Diadochite associated with MonaziteREE(PO4)
2 photos of Diadochite associated with Dickinsonite-(KMnNa)(KNa)(Mn2+◻)Ca(Na2Na)Mn2+13Al(PO4)11(PO4)(OH)2

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

8.DB.ArangasiteAl2F(PO4)(SO4) · 9H2O Mon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DB.Camaronesite[Fe3+(H2O)2(PO3OH)]2(SO4) · 1-2H2OTrig. 3 2 : R3 2
8.DB.HösliteFe3+3(VO4)2(SO4)(OH)(H2O)4 · 3H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DB.05Pitticite(Fe, AsO4, H2O) (?)Amor.
8.DB.05DestineziteFe3+2(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 6H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DB.07WilhelmgümbeliteZnFe2+Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)4(H2O)5 · 2H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
8.DB.07Schmidite[Zn2(Fe3+,Mn2+)2Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)3(H2O)6] · 2H2OOrth.
8.DB.07WildenaueriteZn(Fe3+,Mn2+)2MnFe3+(PO4)3(OH)3(H2O)6 · 2H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
8.DB.10VashegyiteAl11(PO4)9(OH)6 · 38H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
8.DB.15SchooneriteZnMn2+Fe2+2Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)2 · 9H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
8.DB.20SinkankasiteMn2+Al(PO3OH)2(OH) · 6H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DB.25MitryaevaiteAl6(PO4)((P,S)O3(OH,O))2F2(OH)2 · 14.5H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DB.30SanjuaniteAl2(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 9H2OTric.
8.DB.35SarmientiteFe3+2(AsO4)(SO4)(OH) · 5H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DB.40BukovskýiteFe3+2(AsO4)(SO4)(OH) · 9H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DB.40FlurliteZn3Mn2+Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)2 · 9H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.DB.40ManganflurliteZnMn2+3Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)2(H2O)7 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.DB.42BohuslaviteFe3+4(PO4)3(SO4)(OH) · nH2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DB.45ZýkaiteFe3+4(AsO4)3(SO4)(OH) · 15H2OOrth. 2 2 2 : P2 2 2
8.DB.47LapeyreiteCu3O[AsO3(OH)]2 · 0.75H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.DB.50GiniiteFe2+Fe3+4(PO4)3(OH)5 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DB.50RossiantoniteAl3(PO4)(SO4)2(OH)2(H2O)14Tric. 1 : P1
8.DB.52ArctowskiteAl9(PO4)8(OH)3 · 27H2OOrth.
8.DB.55Sasaite(Al,Fe3+)14(PO4)11(SO4)(OH)7 · 83H2OOrth.
8.DB.60McauslaniteFe3Al2(PO4)3(PO3OH)F · 18H2OTric.
8.DB.65GoldquarryiteCuCd2Al3(PO4)4F2(H2O,F)2 · 10H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DB.70BirchiteCd2Cu2(PO4)2(SO4) · 5H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
8.DB.75BraithwaiteiteNaCu5(Ti4+Sb5+)(AsO4)4(HAsO4)2O2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1

Fluorescence of DiadochiteHide

In UV light:
Not fluorescent

Other InformationHide

Notes:
Readily soluble in acids.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for DiadochiteHide

References for DiadochiteHide

Reference List:
Breithaupt, J.F.A. (1837) Bestimmung neuer mineralien. 2. Diadochit, Journal für Praktische Chemie, 10, 503-505. (as diadochit)
Feistmantel, K. (1873) Diadochit aus permischen iSchichten in Böhmen. Lotos, Zeitschrift fuer Naturwissenschaften: 23: 33-36.
Rammelsberg, C.F. (1875) Handbuch der Mineralchemie. second edition: 331.
Carnot, A. (1880) Note sur deux variétés de diachochite (phospho-sulfate de fer) trouvées dans la mine d'anthracite de Paychagnard (Isère). Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie: 3: 39-42.
Cesàro, G. (1885) Etude chimique et cristallographique de la destinézite (diadochite de Visé). Annales de la Société géologique de Belgique: 12: 173-191.
Dana, Edward Salisbury (1892) A System of Mineralogy (6th ed.).
Cesàro, G. (1897) Description des minéraux phosphatés, sulfatés et carbonatés du sol Belge. Mémoires de l'Académie royale des sciences, des lettres et des beaux-arts de Belgique: 53: 136 pgs (33).
Cornu, F. (1909) Uber die Verbreitung gelartiger Korper im Mineralreich, ihre chemisch-geologische Bedeutung und ihre systematische Stellung. Centralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Stuttgart: 324-336 (330) (as Geldiadochite).
Cornu (1909) Zeitschrift Chem. Ind. Kolloide: 4: 17 (as Geldiadochite).
Larsen, Esper S. (1921) The microscopic determination of the nonopaque minerals. Bulletin Vol. 679. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/b679 p.67
Ulrich (1922) Rozpr. České Ak.: 31: no. 10.
Hintze, Carl (1931) Handbuch der Mineralogie. Berlin and Leipzig. 6 volumes: 1 [4B]: 750, 755, 1073.
Mélon and Donnay (1936) Bulletin de la Sociètè Belge de Gèologie: 59: B162.
Rogers, A.F. (1938) Diadochite, a mineraloid from the New Idria mine, San Benito Co., California. American Mineralogist, 23, 178. (abstract)
McConnell, D. (1942): X-ray data on several phosphate minerals. American Jounral of Science, 240, 649-657.
Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.pp.1011-1013
Bouska, V.I., Lazarenko, E.K., Melnek, J.M., Slansky, E. (1960) A contribution to the knowledge of destinezite. Acta Universitatis Carolinae, Geologica, Prague: 127-152.
Van Tassel, R. (1985) Mineraux phosphates secondaires (vashegyite, destinezite [= diadochite], wavellite, crandallite, phosphate de fer) a Haut-le-Wastia, province de Namur (Belgique). Bull. Soc. Belge G´eol., 94, 19–27 (in French with English abs.).
Gaines, Richard V., Skinner, H. Catherine W., Foord, Eugene E., Mason, Brian, Rosenzweig, Abraham, King, Vandall T. (1997) Dana's New Mineralogy (8th ed.) Wiley-Interscience. p.1872
Peacor, Donald R., Rouse, R. C., Coskren, T. D., Essene, E. J. (1999) Destinezite (“Diadochite”), Fe2(PO4)(SO4)(OH)·6H2O: Its Crystal Structure and Role as a Soil Mineral at Alum Cave Bluff, Tennessee†. Clays and Clay Minerals, 47 (1) 1-11 doi:10.1346/ccmn.1999.0470101
Jambor, J.L. and A.C. Roberts (2000) New Mineral Names. American Mineralogist: 85: 263-266.

Localities for DiadochiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Angola
 
  • Huíla Province
    • Jamba
      • Cassinga
Martins da Pedra collection
Austria
 
  • Carinthia
    • Sankt Veit an der Glan District
      • Flattnitz
Niedermayr, G., Praetzel, I. (1995) Mineralien Kärntens. Naturwiss. Verein für Kärnten.
  • Lower Austria
    • Krems-Land District
      • Mühldorf
        • Amstall
Zirkl, E. J. (1962): Jarosit und Natrojarosit vom Graphitabbau Weinberg bei Trandorf, Niederösterreich. N. Jb. Mineral. Mh., 1962, 27-31. ("delvauxite or diadochite")
  • Styria
    • Leoben District
      • Sankt Peter-Freienstein
R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
Belgium
 
  • Wallonia
    • Hainaut
      • Bernissart
        • Blaton
Peacor, D.R., Dunn, P.J., Simmons, W.B., Ramik, R.A. (1987) Ferristrunzite, a new member of the strunzite group, from Blaton, Belgium. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte 1987, Heft 10, 453-457.
    • Liège
      • Visé
Clark, A. M. (1993) Hey's Mineral Index - Mineral Species, Varieties and Synonyms (3rd ed.) Natural History Museum, London.
    • Namur
      • Anhée
No reference listed
Bolivia
 
  • Oruro
    • Cercado Province
Wilson, Wendell E. (2001) Notes From the Editors - Old Yuma mine. The Mineralogical Record, 32 (6) 426-501pp.476-476
  • Potosí
    • Rafael Bustillo Province
      • Llallagua
Wilson, Wendell E. (2001) Notes From the Editors - Old Yuma mine. The Mineralogical Record, 32 (6) 426-501pp.474-474
Hyrsl, J. & A. Petrov (2006): Famous Mineral Localities: Llallagua, Bolivia. Mineralogical Record. 37: 117-162
Canada
 
  • Yukon
    • Dawson mining district
Robinson, George W., Van Velthuizen, Jerry, Ansell, H. Gary, Sturman, B. Darko (1992) Mineralogy of the Rapid Creek and Big Fish River Area, Yukon Territory. The Mineralogical Record, 23 (4) 1-47
150-152.
Grice, Joel D. (1989) Unexpected Treasures from Rapid Creek, Yukon Territory. In: Famous mineral localities of Canada. Published by Fitzhenry & Whiteside Limited & the National Museum of Natural Sciences, 190 pages: 31-39
Robinson, George W., Van Velthuizen, Jerry, Ansell, H. Gary, Sturman, B. Darko (1992) Mineralogy of the Rapid Creek and Big Fish River Area, Yukon Territory. The Mineralogical Record, 23 (4) 1-47
Czech Republic
 
  • Central Bohemian Region
    • Beroun District
Vtělenský J. (1959): Mineralogie oolitických železných rud z některých ložisek Barrandienu. Geotechnica, sv. 26, Nakladatelství ČSAV Praha.
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 1013.
Vtělenský J. (1959): Mineralogie oolitických železných rud z některých ložisek Barrandienu. Geotechnica, sv. 26, Nakladatelství ČSAV Praha.
    • Prague-West District
      • Nučice
Vtělenský J. (1959): Mineralogie oolitických železných rud z některých ložisek Barrandienu. Geotechnica, sv. 26, Nakladatelství ČSAV Praha.
  • Karlovy Vary Region
    • Karlovy Vary District
Lapis 2002(7/8), 63-65
  • Pardubice Region
    • Pardubice District
Prachař
, I.: Souč
asný stav výskytu nerostů
ve Chvaleticích. Acta musei Reginaehradecensis, série A: vě
dy př
írodní, 1981, roč
. XVI., s. 99-102.
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 1013
Jirásek, J.: Nález koninckitu u Litošic a jeho srovnání se světovými výskyty. Bulletin mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 2005, roč. 13, s. 132-137.
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 1013
France
 
  • Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
    • Isère
      • Grenoble
        • Susville
          • Peychagnard
Dana, Edward Salisbury (1892) A System of Mineralogy (6th ed.).
Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Haudour J. et Sarrot-Reynauld J. (1954) - Le bassin houiller de la Mure et ses minéraux
  • Brittany
    • Finistère
      • Châteaulin
Lacroix, A. (1910): Minéralogie de la France et de ses colonies, Librairie Polytechnique, Ch. Béranger Editeur, Tome IV, 600.
        • Poullaouen
          • Locmaria-Berrien
Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
R. PIERROT, L. CHAURIS, C. LAFORET (1973) : "Inventaire minéralogique de la France : 29- Finistère.", B.R.G.M. Paris.
Germany
 
  • Baden-Württemberg
    • Freiburg Region
      • Ortenaukreis
        • Gengenbach
          • Gengenbach
Lapis 21(12), 39 (1996)
        • Oberwolfach
WALENTA, K. (1997): Neue Mineralfunde von der Grube Clara 7. Folge. - Lapis 22 (11), 37-47.
  • Bavaria
    • Lower Bavaria
      • Regen District
        • Zwiesel
          • Rabenstein
Weiß, Stefan (1990) Mineralfundstellen Atlas Deutschland West. Christian Weise Verlag, Munich, Germany. 320pp.
    • Upper Palatinate
      • Neustadt an der Waldnaab District
        • Pleystein
DILL, H.G., MELCHER, F., GERDES, A. and WEBER, B. (2008): The origin and zoning of hypogene and supergene Fe-Mn-Mg-Sc-U-REE-Zn phosphate mineralization from the newly discovered Trutzhofmühle aplite (Hagendorf pegmatite province, Germany). Canadian Mineralogist 46, 1131-1157.
        • Waidhaus
Dill, H.G., Gerdes, A., Weber, B. (2010) Age and mineralogy of supergene uranium minerals — Tools to unravel geomorphological and palaeohydrological processes in granitic terrains (Bohemian Massif, SE Germany). Geomorphology, 117 (1). 44-65 doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2009.11.005
  • North Rhine-Westphalia
    • Arnsberg
      • Hochsauerlandkreis
        • Arnsberg
          • Uentrop
Weiß, Stefan (1990) Mineralfundstellen Atlas Deutschland West. Christian Weise Verlag, Munich, Germany. 320pp.
    • Cologne
      • Euskirchen
Weiß, Stefan (1990) Mineralfundstellen Atlas Deutschland West. Christian Weise Verlag, Munich, Germany. 320pp.
  • Saxony
    • Erzgebirgskreis
Wittern, Artur (2001) Mineralfundorte und ihre Minerale in Deutschland (1st ed.) Schweizerbart, Stuttgart.
  • Thuringia
    • Greiz District
      • Kauern
T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64
    • Saalfeld-Rudolstadt District
      • Probstzella
Journ. prakt. Chem.(1837): 10, 503
Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Clark, A. M. (1993) Hey's Mineral Index - Mineral Species, Varieties and Synonyms (3rd ed.) Natural History Museum, London.
      • Saalfeld
        • Garnsdorf
Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Ullrich, B. (2018). Zur Mineralogie anthropogen induzierter Alterationsprozesse – Sekundärminerale des historischen Alaunschieferbergbaus von Saalfeld und Schmiedefeld im Thüringischen Schiefergebirge. Geologica Saxonica 64, 67-79. [http://www.senckenberg.de/files/content/forschung/publikationen/geologicasaxonica/64/04_geologica-saxonica_64_ullrich.pdf]
        • Schmiedefeld
Ullrich, B. & Ullrich, B. (2010): Der Aufschluss 61, 75-79.
Greece
 
  • Attica
    • East Attica
      • Lavreotiki
        • Lavrion Mining District
          • Lophos
            • Agrileza mines
Rieck, B., Kolitsch, U., Voudouris, P., Giester, G., Tzeferis, P. (2022) Neubestimmungen aus dem Bergbaubezirk Lavrion, Griechenland. Mineralien-Welt, 33 (5) 6-20
Hungary
 
  • Heves County
    • Gyöngyös District
Szakáll, Sándor - Ed. (2002) Minerals of the Carpathians. Granit, Prague.
Szakáll & Jánosi: minerals of hungary, 1995
    • Pétervására District
      • Recsk
Szakáll, S., Földvári, M., and Kovács, Á. (1994): Phosphate minerals from Recsk and Parád-Parádfürdő ore deposits (N-Hungary). Folia Historico Naturalia Musei Matraensis, 19, 23-36.
Italy
 
  • Piedmont
    • Cuneo Province
      • Canosio
Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
  • Sardinia
    • Metropolitan City of Cagliari
      • Capoterra
Olmi F., Sabelli C., Senesi F., Stara P., 2002. La mineralizzazione uranifera di Arcu su Linnarbu. Riv. Miner. Ital., 3: 148-169.
Japan
 
  • Yamaguchi Prefecture
    • Abu District
      • Abu town
Matsubara, S., Miyawaki, R. & Iwano, S. (1999): Diadochite from the Hinomaru-Nako mine, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan. Bull. Natn. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, Ser. C, 25, 51-57.
Romania
 
  • Maramureș County
    • Baia Mare
Huber, P. & Muresan,I. (1996): Die Erzlagerstätte Herja - Eisen-, Blei- und Antimonminerale aus der Erzlagerstätte Herja (Herzsabánya). Lapis, 21 (7), 27ff. (in German)
Slovakia
 
  • Banská Bystrica Region
    • Banská Štiavnica District
Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590
    • Revúca District
      • Sirk
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 1013
Grecula,P. et al. (1995) Ložiska nerastných surovín Slovenského rudohoria. Zväz.1, Bratislava, 834 s
    • Žiar nad Hronom District
      • Kremnica
Ďuďa, R. (1993) Die mineralien der Gold und Silber - lagersttäte von Kremnitz ( Kremnica) in der Slowakei. Mineralien Welt /Haltern,Nemecko/: 5: 20-32.
  • Bratislava Region
    • Pezinok District
      • Pezinok
Uher, Pavel, Michal, Silvio, Vitálos, Jirí (2000) The Pezinok Antimony Mine, Malé Karpaty Mountains, Slovakia. The Mineralogical Record, 31 (2) 153-162pp.153-162
  • Prešov Region
    • Prešov District
      • Červenica
        • Dubník
Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590
Spain
 
  • Extremadura
    • Cáceres
      • Zarza la Mayor
Calvo Rebollar, Miguel y Rewitzer, Christian (2022). Atlas de minerales de España. Atlas of Spanish minerals. Prames, Zaragoza. 384 págs.
UK
 
  • England
    • Cornwall
      • Perranzabuloe
        • Perran Iron Lode (Great Perran Iron Lode)
Sparrow, C. (1989): Russell Society Newsletter 3, 6
Golley, Peter, Williams, Richard (1995) Cornish Mineral Reference Manual. Endsleigh Book Co., Truro. 71pp.
USA
 
  • Arizona
    • Greenlee County
      • Morenci
Merritt Stephen Enders (2000) The Evolution of Supergene Enrichment in the Morenci Porphyry Copper Deposit, Greenlee County, Arizona. PhD Thesis, University of Arizona
  • Arkansas
    • Garland County
      • Wilson Springs (Potash Sulfur Springs)
Rocks & Min.: 63:108.
    • Polk County
      • Shady
Am Min 51:1811-1814
  • California
    • San Benito County
      • Idria (New Idria)
Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 312.
Rogers, Austin Flint (1938a), Diadochite, a mineraloid from the New Idria mine, San Benito County, California: 178
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 1013
Pemberton, H. Earl (1983) Minerals of California. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company Inc.
  • Colorado
    • Summit County
      • Montezuma Mining District (Snake River Mining District)
Eckel, Edwin Butt , Cobban, Robert R., Mosburg, Shirley K., Foord, Eugene E. (1997) Minerals of Colorado. Fulcrum Publishing.
  • Connecticut
    • Middlesex County
      • East Hampton (Chatham)
        • Cobalt
Schooner (1961)
Januzzi (1976) p. 234.
  • Indiana
    • Pike County
Coveney, R.M., A.V. Allen, J.C. Blankenship & W.B. Simmons (1984) Hawleyite and phosphate minerals from Bethel Church, Indiana, including a second occurrence for ferrostrunzite: The Mineralogical Record: 15: 351-357.
  • Maine
    • Androscoggin County
      • Auburn
        • East Mount Apatite Mining District
No reference listed
Thompson, Woodrow B., Joyner, Ronald L., Woodman, Raymond G., King, Vandall T. (1998) Bulletin (41), A Collector's Guide to Maine Mineral Localities (3rd ed.) Maine Geological Survey
    • Cumberland County
      • Baldwin
        • West Baldwin
Thompson, W.B., et,al., 2000, Rocks & Minerals, vol. 75, no. 6, pgs 408-418
    • Oxford County
      • Greenwood
        • Uncle Tom Mountain
Thompson, Woodrow B., Joyner, Ronald L., Woodman, Raymond G., King, Vandall T. (1998) Bulletin (41), A Collector's Guide to Maine Mineral Localities (3rd ed.) Maine Geological Survey
Falster, Alexander U., Simmons, William B., Webber, Karen L., Dallaire, Donald A., Nizamoff, James W., Sprague, Raymond A. (2019) The Emmons Pegmatite, Greenwood, Oxford County, Maine. Rocks & Minerals, 94 (6). 498-519 doi:10.1080/00357529.2019.1641021
      • Hebron
        • Mount Rubellite
Van King
      • Newry
King, Vandall T., Foord, Eugene E. (1994) Mineralogy of Maine Vol. 1 - Descriptive mineralogy. Maine Geological Survey.
King, Vandall T. (2000) Mineralogy of Maine Vol. 2 - Mining History, Gems, and Geology. Maine Geological Survey.
King, Vandall T., Foord, Eugene E. (1994) Mineralogy of Maine Vol. 1 - Descriptive mineralogy. Maine Geological Survey.
King, Vandall T. (2000) Mineralogy of Maine Vol. 2 - Mining History, Gems, and Geology. Maine Geological Survey.
King, V. T., 2006, Minerals of Halls Ridge and Plumbago-Puzzle Mountain, Newry, ... Maine, Mineral News, v. 22(6): p. 1-3.
      • Paris
      • Peru
Dionne, Dick & Birtic, Cal & Jacobson, Mark. (2014) The Perry petalite prospect of Peru, Maine.. Mineral News. 30. 6,8,9,11,13.
      • Rumford
Tim Blake and Scott Soucey specimens
Van King specimen
      • Stoneham
W. B. Thompson, D. L. Joyner, R. G. Woodman, and V. T. King (2005) A Collector's Guide to Maine Mineral Localities. Maine Geological Survey Bulletin 41
  • Massachusetts
    • Essex County
      • Andover
Gleba, 1978. Mass. Mineral & Fossil Loc.
  • Nevada
    • Eureka County
      • Gibellini Mining District
        • Fish Creek Range
Castor, Stephen B., Ferdock, Gregory C. (2004) Minerals of Nevada. Special Publication 31. Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology
Clark, A. M. (1993) Hey's Mineral Index - Mineral Species, Varieties and Synonyms (3rd ed.) Natural History Museum, London.
  • New Hampshire
    • Cheshire County
      • Alstead
Van King
      • Walpole
Tom Mortimer no. u891 (www.mindatnh.org)
    • Grafton County
      • Groton
Moore, Paul B. (1965) Hühnerkobelite crystals from the Palermo No. 1 Pegmatite, North Groton, New Hampshire. American Mineralogist, 50 (5-6). 713-717
Whitmore, Robert W., Lawrence, Robert C. Jr. (2004) The Pegmatite Mines known as Palermo. Friends of Palermo Mines, North Groton, NH.
    • Strafford County
      • Farmington
No reference listed
      • Strafford
        • Parker Mountain
Rocks & Minerals 80:4 pp234-241
Rocks & Min. 39:355 (1964)
  • North Carolina
    • Cleveland County
Wilson, W.F and McKenzie, B.J. (1980) Mineral Collecting Sites in North Carolina. pg 50.
  • Ohio
    • Coshocton County
      • Jackson Township
Carlson, E.H. (2015) Minerals of Ohio, 2nd ed. ODNR Division of Geological Survey, Bulletin 69, 290 pages.
    • Perry County
Harvard Museum of Natural History specimen no. 119716
  • Oklahoma
    • Ottawa County
www.brightok.net/~rockman/Images/OkIndex.htm.
  • South Dakota
    • Custer County
      • Custer Mining District
        • Fourmile
Rocks & Minerals: 60: 117.
Campbell, T.J., Roberts, W.L. (1986) Phosphate minerals from the Tip Top mine, Black Hills, South Dakota. The Mineralogical Record: 17: 237-254.
    • Pennington County
      • Keystone Gold Mining District
SDSMT Bull 18 Roberts and Rapp "Mineralogy of the Black Hills"
      • Keystone Mining District
        • Glendale
Campbell, T.J., Roberts, W.L. (1985) Mineral Localities in the Black Hills of South Dakota. Rocks & Minerals: 60(3): 109-118 (116).
  • Tennessee
    • Hancock County
Travis A. Paris (2011) Tennessee mineral locality index. Rocks & Minerals, 86, #4, 300-328.
Rocks & Min., March 1998.
Rocks & Min. vol. 72 (1997)
  • Utah
    • Emery County
      • Calf Mesa Mining District
Bullock, Kenneth C. (1981) Minerals and mineral localities of Utah. Bulletin 117. Utah Geological and Mineral Survey
Rosenzweig, A., Gross, E.B. (1955) Goldichite, a new hydrous potassium ferric sulfate from the San Rafael Swell, Utah. American Mineralogist: 40: 469-480.
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