Altaite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
About Altaite
Formula:
PbTe
Colour:
Tin-white with a light yellow tint; yellow-brown, blue (tarnished)
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
2 - 3
Specific Gravity:
8.19
Crystal System:
Isometric
Member of:
Name:
After the discovery locality: Zavodinsk, Rudny Altai, Kazakhstan.
Galena Group.
Note: Miscibility gaps exist below ~350°C and 805°C along the joins PbSe-PbTe and PbS-PbTe, respectively (Liu and Chang, 2018).
Compare the chemically related 'UM1986-67-Te:Pb' and 'UM1986-68-Te:Pb'.
Note: Miscibility gaps exist below ~350°C and 805°C along the joins PbSe-PbTe and PbS-PbTe, respectively (Liu and Chang, 2018).
Compare the chemically related 'UM1986-67-Te:Pb' and 'UM1986-68-Te:Pb'.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
147
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:147:6
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
3976f0fc-fdab-44f8-bfcb-508b3f1f981d
IMA Classification of Altaite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Classification of Altaite
2.CD.10
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
C : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 1: 1 (and similar)
D : With Sn, Pb, Hg, etc.
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
C : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 1: 1 (and similar)
D : With Sn, Pb, Hg, etc.
2.8.1.3
2 : SULFIDES
8 : AmXp, with m:p = 1:1
2 : SULFIDES
8 : AmXp, with m:p = 1:1
3.6.7
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
6 : Sulphides etc. of Sb and Pb
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
6 : Sulphides etc. of Sb and Pb
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Alt | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Alt | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Altaite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Tin-white with a light yellow tint; yellow-brown, blue (tarnished)
Comment:
Handbook of Mineralogy: tarnishes bronze; in polished section, white with a delicate greenish hue
Streak:
Black
Hardness:
2 - 3 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=47 - 53 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Sectile
Cleavage:
Perfect
on {001}
on {001}
Fracture:
Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
8.19 g/cm3 (Measured) 8.27 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Altaite
Reflectivity:
Wavelength | R |
---|---|
400nm | 59.6% |
420nm | 62.6% |
440nm | 65.2% |
460nm | 67.5% |
480nm | 69.3% |
500nm | 70.6% |
520nm | 71.2% |
540nm | 71.1% |
560nm | 70.1% |
580nm | 68.7% |
600nm | 66.8% |
620nm | 65.1% |
640nm | 63.4% |
660nm | 61.9% |
680nm | 60.6% |
700nm | 59.4% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 71.2%.
Colour in reflected light:
White with greenish hue
Chemistry of Altaite
Mindat Formula:
PbTe
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Ag,Au,Cu,Fe,Se,S
Crystallography of Altaite
Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
m3m (4/m 3 2/m) - Hexoctahedral
Space Group:
Fm3m
Setting:
Fm3m
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.439 Å
Unit Cell V:
266.97 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Rarely in very small cubes and octahedra; massive, as cleavages, to 1 cm; granular, myrmekitic in other sulfides.
Crystallographic forms of Altaite
Crystal Atlas:
Image Loading
Click on an icon to view
3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided by
www.smorf.nl.
Toggle
Edge Lines | Miller Indices | Axes
Transparency
Opaque | Translucent | Transparent
View
Along a-axis | Along b-axis | Along c-axis | Start rotation | Stop rotation
Toggle
Edge Lines | Miller Indices | Axes
Transparency
Opaque | Translucent | Transparent
View
Along a-axis | Along b-axis | Along c-axis | Start rotation | Stop rotation
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0000005 | Altaite | Ramsdell L S (1925) The crystal structures of some metallic sulfides American Mineralogist 10 281-304 | 1925 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
0010040 | Altaite | Noda Y, Masumoto K, Ohba S, Saito Y, Toriumi K, Iwata Y, Shibuya I (1987) Temperature dependence of atomic thermal parameters of lead chalcogenides, PbS, PbSe and PbTe Acta Crystallographica C43 1443-1445 | 1987 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
0010041 | Altaite | Noda Y, Masumoto K, Ohba S, Saito Y, Toriumi K, Iwata Y, Shibuya I (1987) Temperature dependence of atomic thermal parameters of lead chalcogenides, PbS, PbSe and PbTe Acta Crystallographica C43 1443-1445 | 1987 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
0011374 | Altaite | Wyckoff R W G (1963) Second edition. Interscience Publishers, New York, New York rocksalt structure Crystal Structures 1 85-237 | 1963 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.23 Å | (100) |
2.29 Å | (80) |
1.859 Å | (30) |
1.610 Å | (20) |
1.443 Å | (50) |
1.314 Å | (40) |
1.074 Å | (20) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 2: Planetesimal differentiation and alteration | 4.566-4.550 |
6 : Secondary asteroid phases | 4.566-4.560 |
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Geological Setting:
Typically in hydrothermal vein Au–Te-bearing deposits.
Type Occurrence of Altaite
Synonyms of Altaite
Other Language Names for Altaite
Relationship of Altaite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Alabandite | MnS | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m |
Clausthalite | PbSe | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m |
Galena | PbS | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m |
Niningerite | (Mg,Fe2+,Mn2+)S | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m |
Oldhamite | (Ca,Mg)S | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
61 photos of Altaite associated with Pyrite | FeS2 |
56 photos of Altaite associated with Galena | PbS |
31 photos of Altaite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
31 photos of Altaite associated with Gold | Au |
30 photos of Altaite associated with Plumbotellurite | Pb(TeO3) |
25 photos of Altaite associated with Pentlandite | (NixFey)Σ9S8 |
25 photos of Altaite associated with Hessite | Ag2Te |
24 photos of Altaite associated with Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
24 photos of Altaite associated with Sphalerite | ZnS |
18 photos of Altaite associated with Froodite | α-PdBi2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
2.CD. | Svetlanaite | SnSe |
2.CD.05 | Herzenbergite | SnS |
2.CD.05 | Teallite | PbSnS2 |
2.CD.10 | Alabandite | MnS |
2.CD.10 | Clausthalite | PbSe |
2.CD.10 | Galena | PbS |
2.CD.10 | Niningerite | (Mg,Fe2+,Mn2+)S |
2.CD.10 | Oldhamite | (Ca,Mg)S |
2.CD.10 va | Quiroguite | Pb23Sb6S32 |
2.CD.10 | Keilite | (Fe2+,Mg)S |
2.CD.15a | Cinnabar | HgS |
2.CD.15b | Hypercinnabar | HgS |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Altaite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-147.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Altaite
Reference List:
Thompson, R. M. (1949) The telluride minerals and their occurrence in Canada. American Mineralogist, 34 (5-6) 341-382
Ramdohr, Paul (1969) The Ore Minerals and their Intergrowths. Pergamon Press, Oxford. 1174pp. doi:10.1016/c2013-0-10027-x
Liu, H., Chang, L. L. Y. (1994) Phase relations in the system PbS-PbSe-PbTe. Mineralogical Magazine, 58 (393) 567-578 doi:10.1180/minmag.1994.058.393.04
Localities for Altaite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| DE BRODTKORB +1 other reference |
| DE BRODTKORB +1 other reference |
Brodtkorb (2002) | |
| DE BRODTKORB +1 other reference |
| Esquivel et al. (2016) +1 other reference |
| Mineralogical Magazine 1997 61 : 861-877 |
Armenia | |
| Harris et al. (1973) +1 other reference |
| Extra Lapis English No. 5 Gold +1 other reference |
Kovalenker et al. (2006) | |
| Khachaturyan (1958) +1 other reference |
Mederer et al. (2019) | |
| Kukulyan (1988) |
Atlantic Ocean | |
| Firstova et al. (2019) |
Australia | |
| Seccombe et al. (2005) |
| Lehrmann (2012) |
Lehrmann (2012) | |
| Owen et al. (2023) |
| crcleme.org.au (2004) |
| Ehrig et al. (2012) |
| [MinRec 39:476] +1 other reference |
| Afifi et al. (1988) |
| Hudson et al. (1978) |
Simon (2019) +1 other reference | |
| Yunxing Xue and Ian Campbell (2014) |
| Hassan et al. (2016) +1 other reference |
| Hassan et al. (2017) |
| McCuaig (1997) |
McCuiag (1997) | |
| Huston (2001) |
| Canadian Mineralogist (2003) +1 other reference |
Simpson (1948) | |
Econ Geol (1997) | |
Simpson +1 other reference | |
Simpson (1948) | |
Simpson (1948) | |
Simpson (1948) | |
Mueller et al. (2019) | |
Simpson (1948) | |
Mueller et al. (2013) | |
| Rice et al. (2016) |
| Simpson (1948) |
| Nichols et al. (2014) +1 other reference |
| Sulfides and Sulfarsenides from the ... +1 other reference |
| Gibson (1906) |
Simpson (1948) | |
| Duuring et al. (2000) |
| Sung et al. (2007) +2 other references |
| Pirajno et al. (1998) |
| Spaggiari et al. (2011) |
| Mineral. Deposita 42 (2007) +1 other reference |
| Hassan et al. (2017) |
Hassan (2014) | |
Austria | |
| Pichler (2009) |
| Pichler (2009) |
Pichler (2009) | |
| Pichler (2009) |
| Paar et al. (1978) +1 other reference |
| C. Auer: Lapis 20 (11) |
| Strasser (1989) |
| Lewandowski et al. (2006) |
| Seemann et al. (1987) +1 other reference |
| Leikauf et al. (2018) |
| Auer (2019) |
| Kolitsch et al. (2020) |
Azerbaijan | |
| Imamverdiyev et al. (2022) |
| Mansurov et al. (2018) |
Belgium | |
| Jacques Jedwab collection |
Michel Blondieau. +3 other references | |
| Hatert et al. (2002) |
Botswana | |
| Maier et al. (2008) |
| Melgarejo et al. (2011) |
Brazil | |
| Bello (1986) |
| Santos et al. (2023) |
| Teixeira (2014) |
| Lopes et al. (2019) |
| Revista Brasileira de Geociências 30 (2) +1 other reference |
Bulgaria | |
| Bogdanov et al. (1997) +2 other references |
| Sabeva et al. (2017) |
| Bonev +6 other references |
Burkina Faso | |
| Klemd +2 other references |
Canada | |
| Montgomery (n.d.) |
Montgomery (n.d.) | |
| Peatfield (n.d.) |
Peatfield (n.d.) | |
| Peatfield (n.d.) +1 other reference |
| Rhys (1993) |
| Personal collection of J. Dagenais |
| Manor |
| Roberts (2017) |
| Peatfield (n.d.) |
| Afifi et al. (1988) |
| Robert C. Smit |
| Sinclair (2001) |
| Peatfield (n.d.) |
| Phillips (1979) |
| Duff (2016) |
| Kelvin et al. Canadian Mineralogist 49 |
| Brueckner et al. (2015) +1 other reference |
| Montgomery (n.d.) |
| Coleman (1953) |
| Geological Survey of Canada et al. (ed. 2) |
| Geological Survey of Canada +1 other reference |
Reiner Mielke | |
| Montgomery (n.d.) |
| Ames et al. (2003) |
| Ames et al. (2003) |
| Robert C. Smith |
Ames et al. (2003) | |
Warren (2013) | |
Ames et al. (2003) | |
| Ames et al. (2003) |
Ames et al. (2003) +2 other references | |
Ames et al. (2003) | |
Nelles (2014) | |
Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 17 (1979) +1 other reference | |
Springer (1989) | |
| Ames et al. (2003) |
| Ames et al. (2003) |
Ames et al. (2003) | |
Canadian Mineralogist (1973) +1 other reference | |
| Sabina (1991) |
| MDI Number: MDI52N04SW00020 |
Sabina (1991) | |
Sabina (1991) | |
MDI Number: MDI52N04SW00017 | |
| GIDDINGS et al. (1987) |
| Metal Mining Mining Geol (1937) |
| Thorne (n.d.) |
| Econ Geol (1997) |
| Ames et al. (2003) |
157-158. +1 other reference | |
| Econ Geol (1987) |
| www.ontariominerals.com (2001) |
Sabina (1991) | |
Mulja & Mitchell (1990) | |
Selway (1993) | |
| R. P Rothwell (1898) |
| 5th International Platinum Symposium ... +1 other reference |
| Wilson et al. (2013) |
| Mulja et al. (1990) +1 other reference |
| Sabina (1963) |
| Harris et al. (1973) +1 other reference |
| Geological Survey of Canada +2 other references |
Geological Survey of Canada +2 other references | |
Sabina (2003) | |
Sabina (2003) | |
Sabina (1974) +1 other reference | |
Sabina (2003) | |
www.ontariominerals.com (2001) +1 other reference | |
Sabina (1974) | |
Ref.: R.J. Traill 1983 +1 other reference | |
Sabina (1974) | |
Sabina (1974) | |
| Sabina (1974) |
Ontario Geological Survey (2014) | |
| King (n.d.) |
Martin +1 other reference | |
| Sabina (2003) +1 other reference |
Sabina (2003) +1 other reference | |
| an example of a deformed et al. (6) +2 other references |
| Helt (2012) |
| Sabina (2003) +1 other reference |
| Afifi et al. (1988) +1 other reference |
Am Min (1948) +1 other reference | |
| Beaudoin et al. (1990) |
| Smith (2021) |
Smith (2021) | |
Smith (2021) | |
| Legault et al. (2002) |
| Afifi et al. (1988) |
| Personal correspondance with Giles Peatfield (see comments in description) +1 other reference |
| Liu et al. (2016) |
Cabri et al. (2005) +1 other reference | |
Liu et al. (2016) | |
| Econ Geol (1987) |
Econ Geol (1987) | |
| Traill (1970) |
Barkov et al. (2002) | |
Chile | |
| Thompson et al. (2004) +1 other reference |
| Henley et al. (2012) +1 other reference |
| Dana 7:I:206. |
| La Serena School of mine collection +1 other reference |
Samples in the I. Domeyko Museum | |
China | |
| Junwu Lu and Yuanfa Xia (2001) |
| Cui et al. (1996) +1 other reference |
| Yanhe Cui et al. (1994) |
| Yongjun Di et al. (2006) |
| Yang +4 other references |
| Yunhua Liu et al. (2011) |
| Yingfu Zhao and Zengyao Lu (2004) |
| Guanxiang Song (1991) +9 other references |
Gao et al. (2015) | |
Debao Mao (1992) | |
| Zhengkun Wang et al. (1992) |
| Jun Lü et al. (2009) +6 other references |
| Gao et al. (2022) |
| Jianong Zhao et al. (1997) |
Junxian Wang et al. (2011) | |
| Huijuan Zhu et al. (1989) +2 other references |
| Jingwen Mao et al. (2002) |
Zhigang Xin (2010) | |
王鹏 et al. (2016) | |
| Vikent'ev et al. (2015, June) |
Anthony et al. (1997) | |
| Jian et al. (2015) +1 other reference |
Chang et al. (2022) | |
Zhenkuan Luo et al. (1992) | |
| Zhenkuan Luo et al. (1999) +3 other references |
| Liu et al. (2019) |
preprint | |
Shuzhang Tian et al. (1993) +1 other reference | |
| Mengxiang Zhou (2006) |
Fushan Wang (1991) +1 other reference | |
| Qiangzhi Li et al. (2003) |
Econ Geol (1994) +1 other reference | |
| Fengjun Nie et al. (2002) |
Fengjun Nie et al. (2002) | |
| Fengjun Nie et al. (2002) |
| Xia Ai and Zengyi Chen (1993) |
| Qiuming Chen (1990) |
| Keevil et al. (2022) |
| Fengtong Zhao et al. (1995) |
| Shouzhong Feng (1998) +1 other reference |
| Kai Zhang and Yongdong Shi (2000) |
| Xielu Liu et al. (2014) |
| Ruixia Su et al. (2001) +1 other reference |
| Nila Lan et al. (2013) |
Handong Qian et al. (2000) | |
| Li et al. (2022) |
| Changfu Chen et al. (1999) +3 other references |
Xuefeng Yu (2001) +1 other reference | |
| Wenxuan Hu et al. (2005) +2 other references |
Yuehong Deng and Fu Huang (2007) | |
| Zhimin Cao (1991) |
| Zhu et al. (2010) |
| Chunqi Wen et al. (2002) +3 other references |
| Huiliang Xiao et al. (2002) |
www.portergeo.com.au (2007) | |
| Chuanjie Pu et al. (2007) |
| Junfa Zhou (1992) |
| Zhenkuan Luo et al. (1985) +3 other references |
| Pirajno et al. (1997) |
Cuba | |
| López K Jesús M. et al. (2006) |
| Torró et al. (2016) |
Czech Republic | |
| Lapis 2000 (4) |
| Lapis 2000 (4) |
| Černý |
| geolib.geology.cz (n.d.) +2 other references |
geolib.geology.cz (n.d.) +1 other reference | |
| Pašava et al. (2003) |
Dominican Republic | |
| Colomer et al. (2013) +1 other reference |
Egypt | |
| Osman A. M. |
| Abdel-Karim et al. (2021) |
Helmy (2005) | |
| Helmy et al. (1995) |
Ethiopia | |
| Cook et al. (2000) +1 other reference |
Fiji | |
| Naden +1 other reference |
| 16th Australian Geological Convention +3 other references |
| Boirat et al. (1987) +3 other references |
Finland | |
| tupa.gtk.fi (n.d.) |
Geological Survey of Finland (2017) | |
Eilu (2003) | |
Kojonen et al. (1996) | |
| Gustafsson et al. (2019) |
| Iljina |
| Mutanen (1997) |
| Pelayo Barrón Francisco (2020) +1 other reference |
| Molnár +3 other references |
| Hytönen (1999) |
Kojonen | |
Geological Survey of Finland 2008. Pampalo (Ward) +2 other references | |
| Kalinin (2021) |
Geological Survey of Finland 2008. ... +1 other reference | |
Geological Survey of Finland 2007 ... +2 other references | |
Vuorelainen | |
Geological Survey of Finland 2008. ... | |
Geological Survey of Finland 2008. ... | |
| Kojonen K: K. (Cu,Fe) +1 other reference |
| Karinen |
| Gervilla et al. (Vammala Nickel Belt, SW Finland) +1 other reference |
| Kinnunen +1 other reference |
| Luukkonen Ari 1994. Main geological ... |
| www.gsf.fi (2001) +1 other reference |
| American Mineralogist (1977) |
Borodaev et al. (1983) | |
France | |
| Cesbron et al. (1985) +1 other reference |
| F. Aye |
F. Aye | |
F. Aye | |
| R. Pierrot |
Germany | |
| Sandmann et al. (2015) |
| Sandmann et al. (2015) |
Sandmann et al. (2015) | |
Sandmann et al. (2015) | |
Ghana | |
| Mineralogical Magazine 1990 54 : 617-627 +1 other reference |
Greece | |
| Kolitsch et al. (2015) +2 other references |
| P. Voudouris et al. (2022) |
Voudouris et al. (2018) | |
Voudouris (2006) +1 other reference | |
Voudouris et al. (2007) +1 other reference | |
| Singer et al. (2008) |
Voudouris +2 other references | |
Voudouris +3 other references | |
| A. P. Fornadel et al. (2012) |
| Bonev et al. (2005) +2 other references |
Greenland | |
| Ulff-Møller (1989) +1 other reference |
Ulff-Møller (1985) +1 other reference | |
Guyana | |
| ... |
Gabriel Voicu (1999) | |
Hungary | |
| GEODA 2013/2 |
India | |
| Genkin et al. (1985) |
Mishra et al. (1999) | |
Indonesia | |
| Yuningsih et al. (2014) |
| Prendergast et al. (2005) |
Prendergast (2003) | |
Prendergast (2003) | |
| Yuningsih (2010) +1 other reference |
| Tun et al. (2015) |
| Kieft et al. (1973) |
Iran | |
| Daliran (2008) |
Italy | |
| AA. VV. |
| Moroni et al. (2019) |
| Econ Geol (1986) +1 other reference |
| Econ Geol (1986) +1 other reference |
| Ruggieri et al. (1) |
Ivory Coast | |
| Guillaume Vic (2015) |
Japan | |
| Dr Yohachiro Okamoto collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) +8 other references |
田中崇裕・濱根大輔: ... | |
| Okamoto collection (Geological Survey museum, Japan) +3 other references |
| Ishibashi (1960) |
| Sadanaga et al. (1974) |
| The Mineral Species of Japan (5th ed) +3 other references |
| |
| Kase et al. (1993) |
Kazakhstan | |
| Prokopyev et al. (2010) |
| Filimonova et al. (1986) +1 other reference |
| Pekov (1998) +3 other references |
Spiridonov (2014) | |
| Dana 7:I:185. +2 other references |
Pekov (1998) | |
| Глоба В.А. Месторождение Манка - новый геолого-промышленный тип месторождений золота. // Изв. НАН РК et al. (403) |
Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) | |
| Singer et al. (2008) |
| Baibatsha et al. (2015) |
| Baibatsha et al. (2015) +1 other reference |
| Singer et al. (2008) |
| Baibatsha et al. (2015) |
| Stepanets et al. (2018) +1 other reference |
| Stepanets et al. (2019) +1 other reference |
Kyrgyzstan | |
| homepage.usask.ca (2001) +1 other reference |
Malaysia | |
| Wolfram Dieter Schuh (1993) |
Mexico | |
| Panczner (1987) |
| - (1970) |
Gaines (1965) +1 other reference | |
Mongolia | |
| Władysław Zygo (2011) |
Morocco | |
| Tuduri et al. (2018) |
Myanmar | |
| Myint et al. (2022) |
Myint et al. (2022) | |
| H. Louis (1897) |
New Zealand | |
| Railton et al. (1990) |
| Fraser (1910) |
Nicaragua | |
| www.mineralmundi.com |
North Macedonia | |
| Peltekovski et al. (2012) |
Norway | |
| Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse. ... +1 other reference |
| Pedersen (1979) +1 other reference |
Geological Survey of Norway. The Ore ... | |
Geological Survey of Norway. The Ore ... | |
| Cook (1996) |
| Geological Survey of Norway. The Ore ... |
| Geological Survey of Norway. The Ore ... |
| Neumann (1985) |
| McQueen (1990) +1 other reference |
| Størseth (2016) |
| Ihlen (1978) |
Papua New Guinea | |
| Lindley (1998) |
| Noku et al. (2002) +1 other reference |
| Espi et al. (2005) +1 other reference |
| Cameron (2013) |
| Denwer (1993) |
Peru | |
| Gibson (1992) |
| Alfonso et al. (2023) |
| Alvarez A et al. (1988) |
Philippines | |
| Museo Histórico Minero Don Felipe de Borbón y Grecia (Escuela de Minas y Energía) |
| Callow et al. (1965) +2 other references |
| Fermor 2011: Ore Deposits in an ... |
| Singer et al. (2008) |
| Oberthür et al. (2017) |
Poland | |
| Karwowski et al. (2008) |
| Mikulski (2005, January) |
| Nejbert K. 2008: Mineralogy of ... |
| Harańczyk (1983) |
Portugal | |
| Maia et al. (2022) |
Romania | |
| Mineralogical Record 13:389-400 |
| Rădulescu Dan |
| Tamas +5 other references |
Tămaş et al. (2014) | |
| Cook et al. (2002) +1 other reference |
Shimizu et al. (1998) | |
Shimizu et al. (1998) | |
| Afifi et al. (1988) +4 other references |
| Marian Lupulescu - pers. comm. +1 other reference |
Cook et al. (2003) +1 other reference | |
| Andrei Ionuț Apopei et al. (2016) |
Afifi et al. (1988) +1 other reference | |
| Plotinskaya et al. (2009) |
Russia | |
| Eremin +3 other references |
| Vakh et al. (2009, March) +1 other reference |
| Maslennikov et al. (2013) |
Maslennikov et al. (2005) +2 other references | |
| Belogub et al. (2007) |
Падучина et al. (2019) | |
Seltmann et al. (2010) +1 other reference | |
Vikentev (2016, April) | |
Tseluyko et al. (2019) | |
| Chernyshov et al. (2009, November) |
| Spiridonov et al. (2019) |
Spiridonov et al. (2019, April) | |
Kislov +1 other reference | |
| Zhmodik et al. (2023) |
| Kasatkin et al. (2022) |
| Plotinskaya et al. (2018) |
| Vikent’eva +5 other references |
| Plotinskaya et al. (2014) |
Spiridonov et al. (the South Urals) +3 other references | |
| Amplieva (2008) |
Maslennikov et al. (2013) +2 other references | |
Vikentyev I.V. e.a. (2004) | |
Maslennikov et al. (2013) | |
| Litasov et al. (2018, January) |
| Nagornaya et al. (2012) |
Mineralogy of the Peschanka porphyry copper deposit et al. (Trans. Inst. Min. Metall. B) | |
| Nikolaev et al. (2013) +2 other references |
| Yakich et al. (2021) |
| www.igem.ru (2001) +1 other reference |
| B. B. Damdinov et al. (2016) |
| Shvedov et al. (2017) +1 other reference |
| Bonev et al. (2005) +3 other references |
| Anastasiya SERGEEVA (2023) |
V.A. Kovalenker (2005) | |
| [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p163-180] +2 other references |
[Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180] | |
| Alekseev et al. (2017) |
Буханова (2018) | |
Fats’yanov et al. (2010, November) +1 other reference | |
| Marian et al. (2022) |
| Moralev et al. (2005) |
| Silyanov et al. (2022) |
Alexander V. Dedeev et al (2002) | |
| Spiridonov et al. (2015) |
| Anthony et al. (1990) +1 other reference |
Czamanske. et al (1992) +3 other references | |
Spiridonov et al. (2016) | |
| Shvedov et al. (2015) |
| Karpov S.M. et al. (2012) |
| Mikhailova et al. (2015) +1 other reference |
Yury L. Voytekhovsky (2008) | |
Grokhovskaya et al. (2003) | |
| Kalinin (2021) |
Kalinin (2021) +1 other reference | |
| Bazai et al. (2009) |
Golikov et al. (1999) +1 other reference | |
Chernyavsky et al. (2012) +1 other reference | |
| Abzalov et al. (1997) +1 other reference |
Компанченко А.А. | |
| Шайбеков et al. (2019) |
| Nevolko et al. (2019) |
Litasov et al. (2018, January) | |
Svetlitskaya +2 other references | |
| Glasby et al. (2007) |
| Vikent'ev et al. (2006) |
| Simonov et al. (2006) |
| Grant et al. (2001) |
| Kazachenko et al. (2008, August) |
| Perevoznikova et al. (2009) |
| Safonov et al. (2003) |
Ivashchenko et al. (2011, September) | |
Ivashchenko et al. (2011, September) | |
| Ivashchenko et al. (2011, September) |
| Pekov (1998) |
V. I. Ivashchenko et al. (2007) | |
[World of Stones 12:49] | |
| Kondratieva et al. (2021) |
Kondratieva et al. (2021) | |
A.Ya. Kochetkov (2006) +2 other references | |
Kondratieva et al. (2021) | |
| Kondratieva et al. (2021) +3 other references |
| Kondratieva et al. (2021) |
| Pekov (1998) |
| Econ Geol (1997) +1 other reference |
| Lehmann et al. (1999) |
Borishanskaya et al. (1941) +1 other reference | |
| Vikent'ev et al. (2006) |
| Mineralogy of Ural: native elements |
| Safina +6 other references |
| Kasatkin et al. (2023) |
| Murzin et al. (1999) |
| R. V. Kuzhuget et al. (2017) |
| Soloviev et al. (2013) |
Мансуров et al. (2017) | |
| Eremin et al. (2023) |
| Lyubimtseva et al. (2018) |
Saudi Arabia | |
| Afifi et al. (1988) |
| Afifi et al. (1988) +1 other reference |
Slovakia | |
| Rojkovičová |
| Maťo Ľ. et al. (in Slovak with English abstract) |
| Ďuďa (1993) +1 other reference |
| Duda et. all. |
Ďuďa R. (2001) | |
South Africa | |
| McFall et al. (2019) |
| Van der Merwe (2011) +2 other references |
Armitage et al. (2002) | |
Manyeruke (2007) | |
Hutchinson et al. (2005) | |
Fanus Viljoen et al. (2016) | |
| www.minsoc.org.za (2005) |
H.F.J. Theart and C.D. de Nooy (2001) | |
| genetic implications. Economic Geology: ... +1 other reference |
South Korea | |
| Pak et al. (2005) +1 other reference |
| Choi et al. (2005) |
Spain | |
| Romero Silva +3 other references |
| Mineralogical Record (3) |
Jordi Fabre | |
| C. Canet et al. |
| Mineralogistes de Catalunya |
Sweden | |
| Nysten et al. (1984) +1 other reference |
| Sandström (2007) |
| Alm et al. (1992) |
| Oen et al. (1984) +2 other references |
| Burke (1986) +1 other reference |
| |
| Rincon (2022) |
Gavelin | |
| International Geological Congress (2008) |
| Ossian Åström (2015) |
| Analysis: XRD Thomas Witzke |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Beda Hofmann (1986) |
Tajikistan | |
| Badalov et al. (1975) |
Tanzania | |
| Van Ryt et al. (2017) |
| Maier et al. (2010) |
| Wilhelmij et al. (2016) |
| Mnali (2001) |
Turkey | |
| Orhan et al. (2023) |
| ÇAĞATAY et al. (1990) |
ÇAĞATAY et al. (1990) | |
UK | |
| Chapman et al. (2023) |
| Corkhill et al. (2010) |
| Day (1999) |
Ukraine | |
| V. Sukach et al. (2014) |
| Shumlyanskyy et al. (2000) |
| L.Z.Skakun et al. (2006) +1 other reference |
| Bondarenko +2 other references |
USA | |
| - (2008) |
| - (2008) |
| - (2008) |
- (2008) | |
| Econ Geol (1992) |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
Criddle et al. (1983) +1 other reference | |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
Anthony et al. (1995) | |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 105 +3 other references |
| www.mineralsocal.org |
| Mineralogical Record (1989) |
Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 105. +3 other references | |
Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 105 +4 other references | |
| Bradley (1940) +1 other reference |
| Econ Geol (1987) |
| Johnston (1940) +1 other reference |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 105. +3 other references |
Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 105. +3 other references | |
Lindgren (1896a) | |
| Hanks (1884) +1 other reference |
Dana 6:A2:8. | |
| Weir +3 other references |
| with chemical analyses by W.T. ... +2 other references |
| Sharwood (1911) +1 other reference |
Sharwood (1911) +1 other reference | |
Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 105-106. +2 other references | |
| Dana 7:I:206 +6 other references |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
Kelly et al. (1969) | |
| Mindat.org photos 1026008 |
Minerals of Colorado (1997) | |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
Lovering et al. (1950) | |
Dana 6: 11 +2 other references | |
Min Rec (1999) | |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
Lovering et al. (1950) +1 other reference | |
| Lovering et al. (1950) |
Kelly et al. (1969) | |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
Lovering et al. (1950) +1 other reference | |
Lovering et al. (1950) | |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| U.S. Geological Survey Professional ... +2 other references |
| - (2005) |
| Robert C. Smith |
| Econ Geol (1980) +1 other reference |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Sorrell (n.d.) |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| POHL et al. (1990) |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
Mineralogical Record:16 (3) | |
Shannon et al. (1985) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| - (2005) |
Am Min 90:1229 | |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) |
| Linda Semenyna P.Geo. (2014) |
Kadel-Harder (2020) | |
| Min Rec 36:2 pp143-185 |
| Matrix 11:4 pp 181-190 |
| Callaham |
Genth | |
| Good et al. (2010) |
McSwiggen (1999) | |
| Sherwood et al. (1998) |
| Econ Geol (1994) |
| Mineralogical Magazine 1996 60 : 871-876 |
| Kampf et al. (2022) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| - (1976) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
NMBMMR Bull 11 The Geology of the Organ ... +2 other references | |
| Callahan |
| ... |
Dana 7:I:169. | |
Genth +1 other reference | |
| Callahan |
| Foose |
| - (2005) |
| Bell.H and Larson |
| Roberts et al. (1965) |
Roberts et al. (1965) | |
| Roberts et al. (1965) |
| Bullock (1981) |
SEM-EDS analyzed by Dr. Rob Bowell. | |
| Dietrich (1990) |
| DeMatties (1990) |
Uzbekistan | |
| Koneev et al. (2005) +1 other reference |
| Kovalenker (2003) +1 other reference |
Anthony et al. (1990) +6 other references | |
Zimbabwe | |
| Allan H. Wilson and Martin D. Prendergast (2001) +1 other reference |
| Afifi et al. (1988) +1 other reference |
Quick NavTopAbout AltaiteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystallographic forms Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesRelationshipsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Hilltop Mine, Organ Mining District, Organ Mountains, Doña Ana County, New Mexico, USA