Jalpaite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Jalpaite
Formula:
Ag3CuS2
Colour:
Gray or dark gray
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
2 - 2½
Specific Gravity:
6.82 - 6.85
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Name:
Named for the type locality at Jalpa (Mexico).
Type Locality:
This page provides mineralogical data about Jalpaite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2069
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2069:1
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
c67712c8-034f-4cf1-87b4-333dc9a059db
IMA Classification of Jalpaite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1858
Classification of Jalpaite
2.BA.45
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
B : Metal Sulfides, M: S > 1: 1 (mainly 2: 1)
A : With Cu, Ag, Au
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
B : Metal Sulfides, M: S > 1: 1 (mainly 2: 1)
A : With Cu, Ag, Au
2.4.4.1
2 : SULFIDES
4 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 2:1
2 : SULFIDES
4 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 2:1
3.2.12
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
2 : Sulphides etc. of Ag
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
2 : Sulphides etc. of Ag
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Jal | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Jalpaite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Gray or dark gray
Comment:
tarnishes lustrous dark gray, locally to a chalcopyritelike iridescence
Streak:
Black
Hardness:
2 - 2½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=22.8 - 29.7 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Sectile
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Prismatic
Prismatic
Fracture:
Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
6.82 - 6.85 g/cm3 (Measured) 6.827 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Jalpaite
Anisotropism:
Distinct, in greenish blues and pale green
Reflectivity:
Wavelength | R1 | R2 |
---|---|---|
400nm | 33.5% | 34.6% |
420nm | 34.4% | 34.9% |
440nm | 35.1% | 34.8% |
460nm | 35.4% | 34.2% |
480nm | 35.2% | 33.4% |
500nm | 34.4% | 32.8% |
520nm | 33.7% | 32.4% |
540nm | 33.0% | 31.9% |
560nm | 32.4% | 31.3% |
580nm | 31.9% | 30.8% |
600nm | 31.4% | 30.5% |
620nm | 30.9% | 30.4% |
640nm | 30.4% | 30.1% |
660nm | 29.9% | 29.9% |
680nm | 29.5% | 29.5% |
700nm | 29.0% | 29.0% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 35.4%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
pale gray with bluish tint
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
Distinct in oil, brownish gray to pure gray
Chemistry of Jalpaite
Mindat Formula:
Ag3CuS2
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Fe
Crystallography of Jalpaite
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) - Ditetragonal Dipyramidal
Space Group:
I41/amd
Setting:
I41/amd
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.663(1) Å, c = 11.743(1) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.356
Unit Cell V:
881.28 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
8
Morphology:
coarse, irregular and foliated masses, to 5 cm
Crystal Structure
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Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0012059 | Jalpaite | Baker C L, Lincoln F J, Johnson W S (1992) Crystal structure determination of Ag3CuS2 from powder X-ray diffraction data Australian Journal of Chemistry 45 1441-1449 | 1992 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
2.345 Å | (100) |
2.794 Å | (90) |
2.740 Å | (80) |
2.422 Å | (80) |
2.114 Å | (70) |
4.298 Å | (60) |
2.006 Å | (60) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Type Occurrence of Jalpaite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Mining Academy, Freiberg, Germany, 4705; National School of Mines, Paris, France
Reference:
Breithaupt, J.F.A. (1858) Beichreibung neuer mineralien 7. Jalpait. Berg- und Huttenmannische Zeitung: 17: 85-86.
Other Language Names for Jalpaite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
30 photos of Jalpaite associated with Silver | Ag |
23 photos of Jalpaite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
19 photos of Jalpaite associated with Stromeyerite | AgCuS |
19 photos of Jalpaite associated with Sphalerite | ZnS |
13 photos of Jalpaite associated with Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
7 photos of Jalpaite associated with Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
6 photos of Jalpaite associated with Iodargyrite | AgI |
6 photos of Jalpaite associated with Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
3 photos of Jalpaite associated with Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
3 photos of Jalpaite associated with Tennantite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
2.BA. | Orileyite | (Fe,Cu)2As |
2.BA. | Alburnite | Ag8GeTe2S4 |
2.BA. | Dzierżanowskite | CaCu2S2 |
2.BA. | Makotoite | Ag12(Cu3Au)S8 |
2.BA. | Xuwenyuanite | Ag9Fe3+Te2S4 |
2.BA.05 | Chalcocite | Cu2S |
2.BA.05 | Djurleite | Cu31S16 |
2.BA.05 | Geerite | Cu8S5 |
2.BA.05 | Roxbyite | Cu9S5 |
2.BA.10 | Anilite | Cu7S4 |
2.BA.10 | Digenite | Cu9S5 |
2.BA.15 | Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
2.BA.20 | Bellidoite | Cu2Se |
2.BA.20 | Berzelianite | Cu2-xSe (x ≈ 0.12) |
2.BA.25 | Athabascaite | Cu5Se4 |
2.BA.25 | Umangite | Cu3Se2 |
2.BA.30 | Rickardite | Cu7Te5 |
2.BA.30 | Weissite | Cu2-xTe |
2.BA.35 | Acanthite | Ag2S |
2.BA.35 | Spryite | Ag8(As3+0.5As5+0.5)S6 |
2.BA.40 | Mckinstryite | Ag5-xCu3+xS4 |
2.BA.40 | Stromeyerite | AgCuS |
2.BA.40d | UM2003-13-S:AgAuCu | Ag6AuCu2S5 |
2.BA.42 | Honeaite | Au3TlTe2 |
2.BA.45 | Kurilite | Ag8Te3Se |
2.BA.45 | Selenojalpaite | Ag3CuSe2 |
2.BA.47 | Spiridonovite | (Cu1-xAgx)2Te |
2.BA.50 | Eucairite | AgCuSe |
2.BA.50 | Wuyanzhiite | Cu2S |
2.BA.52 | Argentite | Ag2S |
2.BA.55 | Aguilarite | Ag4SeS |
2.BA.55 | Naumannite | Ag2Se |
2.BA.60 | Cervelleite | Ag4TeS |
2.BA.60 | Hessite | Ag2Te |
2.BA.60 | Chenguodaite | Ag9Fe3+Te2S4 |
2.BA.65 | Henryite | (Cu,Ag)3+xTe2 , with x ~ 0.40 |
2.BA.65 | Stützite | Ag5-xTe3, x = 0.24-0.36 |
2.BA.70 | Argyrodite | Ag8GeS6 |
2.BA.70 | Canfieldite | Ag8SnS6 |
2.BA.70 | Putzite | (Cu4.7Ag3.3)GeS6 |
2.BA.75 | Fischesserite | Ag3AuSe2 |
2.BA.75 | Penzhinite | (Ag,Cu)4Au(S,Se)4 |
2.BA.75 | Petrovskaite | AuAgS |
2.BA.75 | Petzite | Ag3AuTe2 |
2.BA.75 | Uytenbogaardtite | Ag3AuS2 |
2.BA.80 | Bezsmertnovite | (Au,Ag)4Cu(Te,Pb) |
2.BA.80 | Bilibinskite | PbCu2Au3Te2 |
2.BA.80 | Bogdanovite | (Au,Te,Pb)3(Cu,Fe) |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Jalpaite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2069.html
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References for Jalpaite
Localities for Jalpaite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| Márquez-Zavalía et al. (2016) |
| Mugas Lobos et al. (2020) |
| Smith (2009) |
Australia | |
| Henley et al. (2001) |
| Ramdohr (1950) |
| Paul +1 other reference |
| Ralph Bottrill et al in prep. +1 other reference |
Bottrill et al. (2008) | |
Bottrill et al. (2008) | |
| MacLeod (1991) |
| I. R. Mulholland et al. (1998) +1 other reference |
Bolivia | |
| Torres et al. (2019) |
| Dr. Werner Paar analyses |
| USGS Bulletin # 1975. |
| Torró et al. (2019) |
Bulgaria | |
| tin.er.usgs.gov (n.d.) +3 other references |
Canada | |
| Blackadar (1981) |
| Lang (1952) +1 other reference |
Lang (1952) | |
| Lang (1952) |
| Economic Geology (1996) |
Chile | |
| Econ Geol (1987) |
China | |
| Cai et al. (2009) |
| Jiarong Pan and Yangzhong Yu (2013) |
| Zuwei Wang and Yongzhang Zhou (2002) |
| Enguang Zang et al. (2009) |
| Zhanke Li et al. (2010) |
| Diankai Chen and Danshen Zhou (1984) +1 other reference |
Diankai Chen and Danshen Zhou (1984) +1 other reference | |
| Shuchu Ji and Yafu Wang (1991) |
| Dongbo Wang et al. (1991) |
| Shihe Lei et al. (1998) |
| Dequan Zhang (1993) |
| Zengyao Lü et al. (2004) |
| Weining Zhou (1994) |
| Zengyao Lü et al. (2004) |
| Libo Hao et al. (1994) +1 other reference |
| Wang Chen et al. (2006) |
| Liyan Zhang and Jigang Tang (1996) |
| Dianyu Zhou et al. (2007) |
| Kai Zhang and Yongdong Shi (2000) |
| Jianjun Hao et al. (2001) |
| Xiang-Ping Gu et al. (2003) |
| Shaozhi Zhou (1999) |
Xiumei Xiao (1992) +2 other references | |
| Jiaxin Teng and Qingming Wang (2006) |
| Yunman Zhou (1999) |
| Zhenkuan Luo et al. (1985) +1 other reference |
Czech Republic | |
| Pauliš et al. (2022) |
| Anthony et al. (1990) |
| [Lapis 1995 |
Šulcová et al. (1986) | |
| Sejkora (1994) |
El Salvador | |
| Müller-Kahle (1962) |
France | |
| Pélisson (1989) |
| Pélisson (1989) |
Pélisson (1989) | |
| Pélisson (1989) |
| Briggs (1975) |
| Anthony et al. (1990) |
Germany | |
| Blaß et al. (1996) +1 other reference |
| Nickel et al. (1985) |
| Wittern (2001) |
Hungary | |
| Szakáll & Weiszburg: Topographia ... |
Indonesia | |
| Nur et al. (2012) |
Iran | |
| Altenberger et al. (Ag-Au) |
Ireland | |
| John R. Sullivan et al (2005) |
| Patterson (1970) +4 other references |
Italy | |
| Gentile et al. (2023) |
| Orlandi P. & Silvani A (1994) |
| Stara et al. (1999) |
AA. VV. | |
| Fiori (1998) +1 other reference |
Japan | |
| Shimizu et al. (1998) |
| Imai et al. (1972) +2 other references |
| Taguchi et al. (1974) |
| Akasaka (2007) |
Akasaka et al. (2007, August) +1 other reference | |
Kazakhstan | |
| Baibatsha et al. (2015) +1 other reference |
| - (2005) |
Malaysia | |
| Wolfram Dieter Schuh (1993) |
Mexico | |
| Sotelo (2016) |
Sotelo (2016) | |
| Rick Turner. |
| Econ Geol (1992) |
| Miguel Romero Collection |
| Panczner (1987) |
| Grybeck et al. (1968) |
| Hoffay +2 other references |
Norway | |
| Lietz (1939) +1 other reference |
Lietz (1939) +1 other reference | |
| Cook et al. (1998) |
Peru | |
| Hyrsl et al. (2003) |
| www.sec.gov (n.d.) |
| Gamarra-Urrunaga et al. (2013) |
Poland | |
| Piestrzyński et al. (2012) |
| Kucha H. 2007: Mineralogia kruszcowa i ... |
Portugal | |
| Alves (2017) |
Russia | |
| Eremin +3 other references |
| Frank Keutsch collection analyzed ... +1 other reference |
| Maslennikov et al. (2013) |
| Maslennikov et al. (2013) |
| Savva et al. (2011) |
| [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180] +2 other references |
| Savva et al. (2019) |
Volkov et al. (2018) | |
| Savva et al. (2011) |
| Kazachenko et al. (2008, August) |
| Иващенко et al. (2015) |
| Ivashchenko et al. (2011, September) |
| Kondratieva et al. (2021) +5 other references |
Kondratieva et al. (2021) | |
| Kuzhuget et al. (2015) |
Slovakia | |
| sulphosalts from epithermal ... +2 other references |
| Koděra |
| Duda et. all. |
Ďuďa R. (2001) | |
South Africa | |
| Nikolay Rudashevsky et al (2001) |
South Korea | |
| Choi et al. (2005) |
Sweden | |
| Nysten |
Turkey | |
| Blanks et al. (2014) |
USA | |
| Taylor |
| Graeme (1993) |
Graeme (1993) +1 other reference | |
| Wilson (1984) +1 other reference |
| Foord et al. (1989) +1 other reference |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| American Mineralogist: 53: 1530-1542 +1 other reference |
| American Mineralogist: 53: 1530-1542 +1 other reference |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
Foley +4 other references | |
| Raabe et al. (1984) +1 other reference |
| Grybeck et al. (1968) +1 other reference |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Gearity (2013) |
| Gammons et al. (2016) +1 other reference |
| Cain et al. (2007) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Econ Geol (1989) +1 other reference |
Econ Geol (1989) +1 other reference | |
| P Haas collection |
| [Rocks & Minerals Vol 68 March/April ... |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Roberts et al. (1997) |
| USGS Professional Paper 614-A +1 other reference |
Georges Favreau collection | |
| Cannon (1991) |
Uzbekistan | |
| Kozlov et al. (1996) |
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Jalpa, Jalpa Municipality, Zacatecas, Mexico