Challacolloite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Challacolloite
Formula:
KPb2Cl5
Colour:
Colourless to white
Lustre:
Adamantine, Greasy
Hardness:
2 - 3
Specific Gravity:
4.77 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named after its type locality
Type Locality:
Isostructural with:
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
27422
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:27422:1
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
a73e16f9-53e0-409f-8e7c-364f7bea88e3
IMA Classification of Challacolloite
Approved
Approval year:
2005
First published:
2005
Classification of Challacolloite
3.AA.55
3 : HALIDES
A : Simple halides, without H2O
A : M:X = 1:1, 2:3, 3:5, etc.
3 : HALIDES
A : Simple halides, without H2O
A : M:X = 1:1, 2:3, 3:5, etc.
11.4.2.1
11 : HALIDE COMPLEXES
4 : AmBX5·xH2O
11 : HALIDE COMPLEXES
4 : AmBX5·xH2O
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMAâCNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Chc | IMAâCNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMAâCNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Challacolloite
Adamantine, Greasy
Comment:
Adamantine on fresh surfaces and greasy when exposed to the atmosphere.
Colour:
Colourless to white
Streak:
White
Hardness:
2 - 3 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Fracture:
Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
4.77 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Challacolloite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 2.004(2) nβ = 2.010(2) nγ = 2.024(3)
2V:
Calculated: 67°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.020
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High
Chemistry of Challacolloite
Mindat Formula:
KPb2Cl5
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Challacolloite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.864 Å, b = 7.932 Å, c = 12.491 Å
β = 90.153°
β = 90.153°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.117 : 1 : 1.575
Unit Cell V:
878.2 Ă
Âł
Z:
4
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0019022 | Challacolloite | Mitolo D, Pinto D, Garavelli A, Bindi L, Vurro F (2009) The role of the minor substitutions in the crystal structure of natural challacolloite, KPb2Cl5, and hephaistosite, TiPb2Cl5, from Vulcano (Aeolian Archipelago, Italy) Mineralogy and Petrology 96 121-128 | 2009 | rim of La Fossa Crater, Vulcano, Aeolian Archipelago, Italy | 0 | 293 | |
0019134 | Challacolloite | Schluter J, Pohl D, Britvin S (2005) The new mineral challacolloite, KPb2Cl5, the natural occurrence of a technically known laser material Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Abhandlungen 182 95-101 | 2005 | Challacollo silver mine, Iquique, Atacama desert, Chile | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.686 Ă | (100) |
3.609 Ă | (49) |
2.669 Ă | (42) |
8.855 Ă | (39) |
3.961 Ă | (31) |
Comments:
Format: d/Ă
(I/%) (hkl)
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Near-surface Processes | |
23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47) | |
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
45b : [Other oxidized fumarolic minerals] |
Geological Setting:
as a product of fumarole activity, on cavernous leucotephritic lava
Type Occurrence of Challacolloite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Thin crusts and botryoidal aggregates. Aggregates comprised of subparallel intergrowths of bent lamellae, 25 ”m in width, 50 ”m in length.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
The Mineralogical Museum, University of Hamburg, Germany.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
hydrothermal phases
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
SchlĂŒter, J., Pohl, D., Britvin, S. (2005): The new mineral challacolloite, KPb2Cl5, the natural occurrence of a technically known laser material. Neues Jahrbuch fĂŒr Mineralogie, Abhandlungen: 182: 95-101.
Synonyms of Challacolloite
Other Language Names for Challacolloite
Simplified Chinese:æ°ŻéŸé
çż
Traditional Chinese:æ°Żéé瀊
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
5 photos of Challacolloite associated with Uklonskovite | NaMg(SO4)F · 2H2O |
5 photos of Challacolloite associated with Cotunnite | PbCl2 |
4 photos of Challacolloite associated with Pseudoboleite | Pb31Cu24Cl62(OH)48 |
4 photos of Challacolloite associated with Pseudocotunnite | K2PbCl4 |
4 photos of Challacolloite associated with Cannizzarite | Pb48Bi56S132 |
2 photos of Challacolloite associated with Nitratine | NaNO3 |
2 photos of Challacolloite associated with Bismuthinite | Bi2S3 |
2 photos of Challacolloite associated with Galena | PbS |
1 photo of Challacolloite associated with Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
1 photo of Challacolloite associated with Halite | NaCl |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
3.AA. | Brontesite | (NH4)3PbCl5 |
3.AA.05 | Marshite | CuI |
3.AA.05 | Miersite | (Ag,Cu)I |
3.AA.05 | Nantokite | CuCl |
3.AA.05 | UM1999-11:I:CuS | Cu(I,S) |
3.AA.10 | Iodargyrite | AgI |
3.AA.10 | Tocornalite | (Ag,Hg)I |
3.AA.15 | Bromargyrite | AgBr |
3.AA.15 | Chlorargyrite | AgCl |
3.AA.20 | Carobbiite | KF |
3.AA.20 | Griceite | LiF |
3.AA.20 | Halite | NaCl |
3.AA.20 | Sylvite | KCl |
3.AA.20 | Villiaumite | NaF |
3.AA.25 | Salammoniac | NH4Cl |
3.AA.25 | UM1998-03-Cl:Tl | TlCl |
3.AA.25 | Lafossaite | Tl(Cl,Br) |
3.AA.25 | Nataliyamalikite | TlI |
3.AA.30 | Calomel | [Hg2]2+Cl2 |
3.AA.30 | Kuzminite | [Hg2]2+(Br,Cl)2 |
3.AA.30 | Moschelite | [Hg2]2+I2 |
3.AA.35 | Neighborite | NaMgF3 |
3.AA.35 | Parascandolaite | KMgF3 |
3.AA.40 | Chlorocalcite | KCaCl3 |
3.AA.40 | Javorieite | KFeCl3 |
3.AA.45 | Kolarite | PbTeCl2 |
3.AA.50 | Radhakrishnaite | PbTe3(Cl,S)2 |
3.AA.60 | Hephaistosite | TlPb2Cl5 |
3.AA.90 | Pseudocotunnite | K2PbCl4 |
Fluorescence of Challacolloite
Not fluorescent
Other Information
Notes:
Dissolves in H2O and HCl.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Challacolloite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-27422.html
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References for Challacolloite
Reference List:
Mitolo, D., Pinto, D., Garavelli, A., Bindi, L., Vurro, F. (2009) The role of the minor substitutions in the crystal structure of natural challacolloite, KPb2Cl5, and hephaistosite, TlPb2Cl5, from Vulcano (Aeolian Archipelago, Italy) Mineralogy and Petrology, 96 (1) 121-128 doi:10.1007/s00710-008-0041-2
Localities for Challacolloite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
â - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Chile | |
| Brugger et al. (2012) |
| J. SchlĂŒter at al.: N. Jb. Min. Abh. 182 (1) |
Italy | |
| SchlĂŒter et al. (2005) +1 other reference |
SchlĂŒter et al. (2005) | |
| Mitolo et al. (2009) |
Japan | |
| Africano et al. (2002) |
F. Africano et al. (2002) | |
Russia | |
| Pekov et al. (2015) |
Pekov et al. (2015) | |
| âą Tkachenko et al. (1999) |
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La Fossa crater, Vulcano Island, Lipari, Eolie Islands, Metropolitan City of Messina, Sicily, Italy