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Challacolloite

A valid IMA mineral species
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About ChallacolloiteHide

Formula:
KPb2Cl5
Colour:
Colourless to white
Lustre:
Adamantine, Greasy
Hardness:
2 - 3
Specific Gravity:
4.77 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named after its type locality
Isostructural with:

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
27422
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:27422:1
GUID
(UUID V4):
a73e16f9-53e0-409f-8e7c-364f7bea88e3

IMA Classification of ChallacolloiteHide

Classification of ChallacolloiteHide

3.AA.55

3 : HALIDES
A : Simple halides, without H2O
A : M:X = 1:1, 2:3, 3:5, etc.
11.4.2.1

11 : HALIDE COMPLEXES
4 : AmBX5·xH2O

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
ChcIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of ChallacolloiteHide

Adamantine, Greasy
Comment:
Adamantine on fresh surfaces and greasy when exposed to the atmosphere.
Colour:
Colourless to white
Streak:
White
Hardness:
2 - 3 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Fracture:
Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
4.77 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of ChallacolloiteHide

Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 2.004(2) nβ = 2.010(2) nγ = 2.024(3)
2V:
Calculated: 67°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.020
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High

Chemistry of ChallacolloiteHide

Mindat Formula:
KPb2Cl5

Crystallography of ChallacolloiteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.864 Å, b = 7.932 Å, c = 12.491 Å
β = 90.153°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.117 : 1 : 1.575
Unit Cell V:
878.2 ų
Z:
4

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0019022ChallacolloiteMitolo D, Pinto D, Garavelli A, Bindi L, Vurro F (2009) The role of the minor substitutions in the crystal structure of natural challacolloite, KPb2Cl5, and hephaistosite, TiPb2Cl5, from Vulcano (Aeolian Archipelago, Italy) Mineralogy and Petrology 96 121-1282009rim of La Fossa Crater, Vulcano, Aeolian Archipelago, Italy0293
0019134ChallacolloiteSchluter J, Pohl D, Britvin S (2005) The new mineral challacolloite, KPb2Cl5, the natural occurrence of a technically known laser material Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Abhandlungen 182 95-1012005Challacollo silver mine, Iquique, Atacama desert, Chile0293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
3.686 Å(100)
3.609 Å(49)
2.669 Å(42)
8.855 Å(39)
3.961 Å(31)
Comments:
Format: d/Å (I/%) (hkl)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Near-surface Processes
23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47)
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
45b : [Other oxidized fumarolic minerals]
Geological Setting:
as a product of fumarole activity, on cavernous leucotephritic lava

Type Occurrence of ChallacolloiteHide

General Appearance of Type Material:
Thin crusts and botryoidal aggregates. Aggregates comprised of subparallel intergrowths of bent lamellae, 25 ”m in width, 50 ”m in length.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
The Mineralogical Museum, University of Hamburg, Germany.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
hydrothermal phases
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
SchlĂŒter, J., Pohl, D., Britvin, S. (2005): The new mineral challacolloite, KPb2Cl5, the natural occurrence of a technically known laser material. Neues Jahrbuch fĂŒr Mineralogie, Abhandlungen: 182: 95-101.

Synonyms of ChallacolloiteHide

Other Language Names for ChallacolloiteHide

Simplified Chinese:æ°Żé’Ÿé“…çŸż
Traditional Chinese:æ°Żé‰€é‰›ç€Š

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
5 photos of Challacolloite associated with UklonskoviteNaMg(SO4)F · 2H2O
5 photos of Challacolloite associated with CotunnitePbCl2
4 photos of Challacolloite associated with PseudoboleitePb31Cu24Cl62(OH)48
4 photos of Challacolloite associated with PseudocotunniteK2PbCl4
4 photos of Challacolloite associated with CannizzaritePb48Bi56S132
2 photos of Challacolloite associated with NitratineNaNO3
2 photos of Challacolloite associated with BismuthiniteBi2S3
2 photos of Challacolloite associated with GalenaPbS
1 photo of Challacolloite associated with HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
1 photo of Challacolloite associated with HaliteNaCl

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

3.AA.Brontesite(NH4)3PbCl5Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
3.AA.05MarshiteCuIIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
3.AA.05Miersite(Ag,Cu)IIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
3.AA.05NantokiteCuClIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
3.AA.05UM1999-11:I:CuSCu(I,S)
3.AA.10IodargyriteAgIHex. 6mm : P6mm
3.AA.10Tocornalite(Ag,Hg)IHex.
3.AA.15BromargyriteAgBrIso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
3.AA.15ChlorargyriteAgClIso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
3.AA.20CarobbiiteKFIso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
3.AA.20GriceiteLiFIso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
3.AA.20HaliteNaClIso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
3.AA.20SylviteKClIso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
3.AA.20VilliaumiteNaFIso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
3.AA.25SalammoniacNH4ClIso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
3.AA.25UM1998-03-Cl:TlTlCl
3.AA.25LafossaiteTl(Cl,Br)Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Pm3m
3.AA.25NataliyamalikiteTlIOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
3.AA.30Calomel[Hg2]2+Cl2Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm
3.AA.30Kuzminite[Hg2]2+(Br,Cl)2Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm
3.AA.30Moschelite[Hg2]2+I2Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm
3.AA.35NeighboriteNaMgF3Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
3.AA.35ParascandolaiteKMgF3Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Pm3m
3.AA.40ChlorocalciteKCaCl3Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
3.AA.40JavorieiteKFeCl3Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
3.AA.45KolaritePbTeCl2Orth.
3.AA.50RadhakrishnaitePbTe3(Cl,S)2Tet.
3.AA.60HephaistositeTlPb2Cl5Mon. 2/m : P21/b
3.AA.90PseudocotunniteK2PbCl4Orth.

Fluorescence of ChallacolloiteHide

Not fluorescent

Other InformationHide

Notes:
Dissolves in H2O and HCl.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for ChallacolloiteHide

References for ChallacolloiteHide

Localities for ChallacolloiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Chile
 
  • Antofagasta
    • Antofagasta Province
      • Sierra Gorda
        • Caracoles mining district
          • Caracoles
Brugger et al. (2012)
  • TarapacĂĄ
    • Tamarugal Province
      • Pozo Almonte
        • Cerro Challacollo
J. SchlĂŒter at al.: N. Jb. Min. Abh. 182 (1)
Italy
 
  • Campania
    • Naples
      • Somma-Vesuvius Complex
SchlĂŒter et al. (2005) +1 other reference
SchlĂŒter et al. (2005)
  • Sicily
    • Metropolitan City of Messina
      • Eolie Islands (Aeolian Islands)
        • Lipari
          • Vulcano Island
Mitolo et al. (2009)
Japan
 
  • Kagoshima Prefecture
    • Kagoshima District
      • Mishima village
Africano et al. (2002)
F. Africano et al. (2002)
Russia
 
  • Kamchatka Krai
    • Milkovsky District
      • Tolbachik Volcanic field
        • Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture)
          • Northern Breakthrough (North Breach)
Pekov et al. (2015)
Pekov et al. (2015)
  • Sakhalin Oblast
    • Kuril Islands (Kurile Islands)
      • Kurilsky District
        • Iturup Island
‱ Tkachenko et al. (1999)
 
Mineral and/or Locality  
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