Carbonate of Lime
A material that is NOT an approved mineral species
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
About Carbonate of Lime
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
27675
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:27675:1
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
aa5c763d-47a6-4027-883a-bcbadfb5e930
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0000233 | Aragonite | de Villiers J P R (1971) Crystal structures of aragonite, strontianite, and witherite American Mineralogist 56 758-767 | 1971 | 0 | 293 | ||
0000236 | Aragonite | Dal Negro A, Ungaretti L (1971) Refinement of the crystal structure of aragonite American Mineralogist 56 768-772 | 1971 | Vertaizon-Alvernia, France | 0 | 293 | |
0018848 | Aragonite | Ye Y, Smyth J R, Boni P (2012) Crystal structure and thermal expansion of aragonite-group carbonates by single-crystal X-ray diffraction American Mineralogist 97 707-712 | 2012 | natural, unknown locality | 0 | 184 | |
0018849 | Aragonite | Ye Y, Smyth J R, Boni P (2012) Crystal structure and thermal expansion of aragonite-group carbonates by single-crystal X-ray diffraction American Mineralogist 97 707-712 | 2012 | natural, unknown locality | 0 | 224 | |
0018850 | Aragonite | Ye Y, Smyth J R, Boni P (2012) Crystal structure and thermal expansion of aragonite-group carbonates by single-crystal X-ray diffraction American Mineralogist 97 707-712 | 2012 | natural, unknown locality | 0 | 265 | |
0018851 | Aragonite | Ye Y, Smyth J R, Boni P (2012) Crystal structure and thermal expansion of aragonite-group carbonates by single-crystal X-ray diffraction American Mineralogist 97 707-712 | 2012 | natural, unknown locality | 0 | 300 | |
0018852 | Aragonite | Ye Y, Smyth J R, Boni P (2012) Crystal structure and thermal expansion of aragonite-group carbonates by single-crystal X-ray diffraction American Mineralogist 97 707-712 | 2012 | natural, unknown locality | 0 | 300 | |
0018853 | Aragonite | Ye Y, Smyth J R, Boni P (2012) Crystal structure and thermal expansion of aragonite-group carbonates by single-crystal X-ray diffraction American Mineralogist 97 707-712 | 2012 | natural, unknown locality | 0 | 359 | |
0018854 | Aragonite | Ye Y, Smyth J R, Boni P (2012) Crystal structure and thermal expansion of aragonite-group carbonates by single-crystal X-ray diffraction American Mineralogist 97 707-712 | 2012 | natural, unknown locality | 0 | 415 | |
0018855 | Aragonite | Ye Y, Smyth J R, Boni P (2012) Crystal structure and thermal expansion of aragonite-group carbonates by single-crystal X-ray diffraction American Mineralogist 97 707-712 | 2012 | natural, unknown locality | 0 | 471 | |
0018856 | Aragonite | Ye Y, Smyth J R, Boni P (2012) Crystal structure and thermal expansion of aragonite-group carbonates by single-crystal X-ray diffraction American Mineralogist 97 707-712 | 2012 | natural, unknown locality | 0 | 527 | |
0018860 | Aragonite | Ye Y, Smyth J R, Boni P (2012) Crystal structure and thermal expansion of aragonite-group carbonates by single-crystal X-ray diffraction American Mineralogist 97 707-712 | 2012 | natural, unknown locality | 0 | 300 | |
0006300 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2009) The orthorhombic structure of CaCO3, SrCO3, PbCO3 and BaCO3: Linear structural trends The Canadian Mineralogist 47 1245-1255 | 2009 | Italy | 0 | 293 | |
0006301 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2009) The orthorhombic structure of CaCO3, SrCO3, PbCO3 and BaCO3: Linear structural trends The Canadian Mineralogist 47 1245-1255 | 2009 | Italy | 0 | 293 | |
0006302 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2009) The orthorhombic structure of CaCO3, SrCO3, PbCO3 and BaCO3: Linear structural trends The Canadian Mineralogist 47 1245-1255 | 2009 | Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017827 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017828 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017829 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017830 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017831 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017832 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017833 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017834 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017835 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017836 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017837 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017838 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017839 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017840 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017841 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017842 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017843 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017844 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017845 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017846 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017847 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017848 | Aragonite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0000098 | Calcite | Graf D L (1961) Crystallographic tables for the rhombohedral carbonates American Mineralogist 46 1283-1316 | 1961 | 0 | 293 | ||
0000585 | Calcite | Althoff P L (1977) Structural refinements of dolomite and a magnesian calcite and implications for dolomite formation in the marine environment Mg-calcite American Mineralogist 62 772-783 | 1977 | 0 | 293 | ||
0000984 | Calcite | Markgraf S A, Reeder R J (1985) High-temperature structure refinements of calcite and magnesite American Mineralogist 70 590-600 | 1985 | 0 | 293 | ||
0000985 | Calcite | Markgraf S A, Reeder R J (1985) High-temperature structure refinements of calcite and magnesite American Mineralogist 70 590-600 | 1985 | 0 | 293 | ||
0000986 | Calcite | Markgraf S A, Reeder R J (1985) High-temperature structure refinements of calcite and magnesite American Mineralogist 70 590-600 | 1985 | 0 | 293 | ||
0000987 | Calcite | Markgraf S A, Reeder R J (1985) High-temperature structure refinements of calcite and magnesite American Mineralogist 70 590-600 | 1985 | 0 | 293 | ||
0000988 | Calcite | Markgraf S A, Reeder R J (1985) High-temperature structure refinements of calcite and magnesite American Mineralogist 70 590-600 | 1985 | 0 | 293 | ||
0000989 | Calcite | Markgraf S A, Reeder R J (1985) High-temperature structure refinements of calcite and magnesite American Mineralogist 70 590-600 | 1985 | 0 | 293 | ||
0001327 | Calcite | Paquette J, Reeder R J (1990) Single-crystal X-ray structure refinements of two biogenic magnesian calcite crystals sample LS American Mineralogist 75 1151-1158 | 1990 | 0 | 293 | ||
0001328 | Calcite | Paquette J, Reeder R J (1990) Single-crystal X-ray structure refinements of two biogenic magnesian calcite crystals sample LB American Mineralogist 75 1151-1158 | 1990 | 0 | 293 | ||
0017849 | Calcite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017850 | Calcite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017851 | Calcite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017852 | Calcite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017853 | Calcite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017854 | Calcite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017855 | Calcite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017856 | Calcite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017857 | Calcite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017858 | Calcite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017859 | Calcite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017860 | Calcite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017861 | Calcite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017862 | Calcite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017863 | Calcite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017864 | Calcite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017865 | Calcite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017866 | Calcite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017867 | Calcite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017868 | Calcite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0017869 | Calcite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2010) Temperature dependence of the structural parameters in the transformation of aragonite to calcite, as determined from in situ synchrotron powder X-ray-diffraction data The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1225-1236 | 2010 | Cuenca, Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0008879 | Calcite | Prencipe M, Pascale F, Zicovich-Wilson C M, Saunders V R, Orlando R, Dovesi R (2004) The vibrational spectrum of calcite (CaCO3): an ab initio quantum-mechanical calculation Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 559-564 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
0009873 | Calcite | Maslen E N, Streltsov V A, Streltsova N R (1993) X-ray study of the electron density in calcite, CaCO3 Acta Crystallographica B49 636-641 | 1993 | 0 | 293 | ||
0009890 | Calcite | Maslen E N, Streltsov V A, Streltsova N R, Ishizawa N (1995) Electron density and optical anisotropy in rhombohedral carbonates. III. Synchrotron X-ray studies of CaCO3, MgCO3 and MnCO3 Acta Crystallographica B51 929-939 | 1995 | 0 | 293 | ||
0020835 | Calcite | Effenberger H, Mereiter K, Zemann J (1981) Crystal structure refinements of magnesite, calcite, rhodochrosite, siderite, smithsonite, and dolomite, with discussion of some aspects of the stereochemistry of calcite type carbonates Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 156 233-243 | 1981 | Iceland | 0 | 293 | |
0017889 | Calcite | Wyckoff R (1920) The Crystal Structures of some Carbonates of the Calcite Group _cod_database_code 1010962 American Journal of Science 50 317-360 | 1920 | 0 | 293 | ||
0012867 | Calcite | Sitepu H, O'Connor B H, Li D (2005) Comparative evaluation of the March and generalized spherical harmonic preferred orientation models using X-ray diffraction data for molybdite and calcite powders Journal of Applied Crystallography 38 158-167 | 2005 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
0012868 | Calcite | Sitepu H, O'Connor B H, Li D (2005) Comparative evaluation of the March and generalized spherical harmonic preferred orientation models using X-ray diffraction data for molybdite and calcite powders Journal of Applied Crystallography 38 158-167 | 2005 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
0017650 | Calcite | Elliott N (1937) A Redetermination of the Carbon - Oxygen Distance in Calcite and the Nitrogen - Oxygen Distance in Sodium Nitrate _cod_database_code 1010928 Journal of the American Chemical Society 59 1380-1382 | 1937 | 0 | 293 | ||
0018895 | Calcite | Sitepu H (2009) Texture and structural refinement using neutron diffraction data from molybdite (MoO3) and calcite (CaCO3) powders and a Ni-rich Ni50.7Ti49.30 alloy Powder Diffraction 24 315-326 | 2009 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
0018896 | Calcite | Sitepu H (2009) Texture and structural refinement using neutron diffraction data from molybdite (MoO3) and calcite (CaCO3) powders and a Ni-rich Ni50.7Ti49.30 alloy Powder Diffraction 24 315-326 | 2009 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Carbonate of Lime in petrology
An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.
- Igneous rock
- Sedimentary rock and sediment
- Sediment
- Sedimentary rock
- Clastic sedimentary rock
- Biochemical and chemical sedimentary rock
- Carbonate rock
- Limestone
- Ashford Black Marble
- Lime-mudstone
- Lime-wackestone
- Lime-packstone
- Lime-grainstone
- Lime-boundstone
- Lime-framestone
- Lime-pseudosparstone
- Lime-sparstone
- Lime-microsparstone
- Lime-microstone
- Ooid-limestone
- Pisoid-limestone
- Oncoid-limestone
- Microoncoid-limestone
- Peloid-limestone
- Shell-limestone
- Crinoid-limestone
- Tufa
- Chalk
- Mud-grade limestone
- Sand-grade limestone
- Gravel-grade limestone
- Kerogenic limestone
- Dolostone
- Magnesite-stone
- Pseudosparstone
- Sparstone
- Microsparstone
- Microstone
- Limestone
- Ironstone
- Carbonate rock
- Metamorphic rock
Internet Links for Carbonate of Lime
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-27675.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Carbonate of Lime
Reference List:
La Florida mining area, Sierra de Arnero, Cantabria, Spain